CN101481816B - Stripping agent and stripping method for stripping iron based graphite coating - Google Patents
Stripping agent and stripping method for stripping iron based graphite coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN101481816B CN101481816B CN2008102364986A CN200810236498A CN101481816B CN 101481816 B CN101481816 B CN 101481816B CN 2008102364986 A CN2008102364986 A CN 2008102364986A CN 200810236498 A CN200810236498 A CN 200810236498A CN 101481816 B CN101481816 B CN 101481816B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parting medium for peeling off the cast layer of graphite of iron base class and a demoulding method thereof. The parting medium comprises phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, deionized water and sodium chloride. The phosphoric acid, the hydrochloric acid, the sulphuric acid, the deionized water form a mixed solution, the total content of which is 100% according to the percent by volume; wherein the phosphoric acid is 4-7%, the hydrochloric acid is 12-15%, the sulphuric acid is 10-12%, the deionized water is 66-74% and the sodium chloride accounts 2-5% of the total mass of the mixed solution. A workpiece needing to be demoulded is connected with the anode of a power supply. An electric conductor is connected with the cathode of the power supply and then is put in the parting medium; in the normal temperature, the voltage is controlled to be 10V-12V till the clad layer completely fall off; immediately, the workpiece is taken out, thus finishing the stripping of the cast layer of graphite of iron base class on the surface of the workpiece. The cast layer of graphite of iron base class can be quickly and effectively dissolved at short time by using the parting medium and the method, thus saving time and reducing cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material manufacturing technology field, relate to a kind of remover that electrochemical method is peeled off coating that is used for, be particularly related to a kind of matching method of peeling off the remover of iron based graphite coating, the invention still further relates to and utilize this remover iron based graphite coating to be carried out the method for demoulding.
Background technology
The class graphite coating is because of having good lubricated, antifriction, characteristic such as wear-resisting, be widely used in fields such as machinery, building, medical science, biology, space flight, utilize the magnetic controlled sputtering ion plating technology, can obtain the iron based graphite coating even, fine and close, that sticking power is good in iron-based surface deposition.
But class graphite coating good bonding force and excellent tribological property have brought very big difficulty for the follow-up demoulding of iron based graphite coating and the recycling of iron-based body.Usually the method for demoulding that adopts is to utilize sand paper to carry out manual grinding.With regard to the scientific research of routine experimentation chamber, the class graphite coating that polishes off 30 * 30 * 3mm size fe-based surface needs 6 hours, and consume tens of 400～No. 1200 sand paper, through operations such as manual corase grind, pre-grinding machine correct grinding and polishing machine polishings, the class graphite coating could be peeled off from fe-based surface, reach the purpose of iron-based recycling, traditional method for demoulding, efficient is extremely low and materials consumption is bigger.With regard to enterprise produced, very complicated as the shape of a lot of iron-base workpieces of cutting tool, drill bit or the like, it was infeasible at all peeling off iron based graphite coating by traditional sand papering method.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of remover of peeling off iron based graphite coating, the demoulding process that is used for the iron based graphite coating that the magnetic controlled sputtering ion plating technology makes, can peel off the class graphite coating that is attached to the iron-based body fast and efficiently, be specially adapted to the base shape complexity, can't lean on the demoulding of the iron based graphite coating of traditional-handwork method polishing.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned remover iron based graphite coating to be carried out demoulding.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is, a kind of remover of peeling off iron based graphite coating, and this remover is made up of phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, deionized water and sodium-chlor,
Phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and deionized water are formed mixing solutions, per-cent by volume, and its total amount is 100%, wherein, phosphoric acid is 4%～7%, hydrochloric acid is 12%～15%, sulfuric acid is 10%～12%, deionized water is 66%～74%,
The quality of sodium-chlor accounts for 2%～5% of above-mentioned mixing solutions total mass.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned remover to peel off iron based graphite coating is carried out according to the following steps:
Step 1: per-cent by volume, get concentration respectively and be 95%～98% phosphatase 24 %～7%, concentration and be 35%～38% hydrochloric acid 12%～15%, concentration and be 98% sulfuric acid 10%～12% and deionized water 66%～74% and form mixing solutions, its total amount is 100%
Get sodium-chlor, add in the above-mentioned mixing solutions, the quality of control sodium-chlor accounts for 2%～5% of this mixing solutions total mass, makes remover;
Step 2: get workpiece and electrical conductor that plating has iron based graphite coating respectively, and workpiece is connected with power anode, electrical conductor is connected with power cathode;
Step 3: the workpiece and the electrical conductor that are connected with power supply in the step 2 are put into the remover that step 1 makes, carry out demoulding under the room temperature, control voltage is 10V～12V, comes off fully to coating, take out workpiece, promptly finish peeling off the workpiece surface iron based graphite coating.
Remover of the present invention adopts strong acid to mix, and can peel off the class graphite coating of fe-based surface fast; Simultaneously, the corresponding electrochemical parameter of control in stripping process, not only speed is fast, efficient is high, and saves electric energy, reduces cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the demoulding principle schematic of method for demoulding of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1. workpiece, 2. electrical conductor, 3. power supply.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Remover of the present invention is that 95%～98% phosphoric acid, concentration are that 35%～38% hydrochloric acid, concentration are that 98% sulfuric acid, deionized water and sodium-chlor are formed by concentration,
Phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and deionized water are formed mixing solutions, per-cent by volume, and the total amount of this mixing solutions is 100%, wherein, phosphoric acid is 4%～7%, hydrochloric acid is 12%～15%, sulfuric acid is 10%～12%, deionized water is 66%～74%,
The quality of sodium-chlor accounts for 2%～5% of above-mentioned mixing solutions total mass.
The main effect of each component in the remover:
1. phosphoric acid is middle strong acid, itself and electrolysis lose the chromium ion generation coordination of electronics in knockout course, form mucous membrane, this mucous membrane is attached to the surface of iron based graphite coating and continues to be formed soluble compound by the coordination of phosphate radical part, this soluble compound causes the many small regional area on iron based graphite coating surface to come off in the dissolved process, shows as whole iron based graphite coating on the macroscopic view and the iron-based body is peeled off.
2. sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid are used to prevent form fine and close sull on the iron based graphite coating surface, have guaranteed the lasting generation of electrochemical reaction.Employing has the hydrochloric acid of the higher concentration of Action of Surfactant, and this hydrochloric acid forms acid mist when low temperature, can prevent the oxide film of iron based graphite coating surface formative tissue densification.
3. the water-soluble formation electrolyte solution of sodium-chlor, this electrolyte solution has excellent conducting performance, can quicken the diffusion process of solute ions in the solution, and keeps the negative ions balance of solution.
The iron based graphite coating that adopts above-mentioned remover that magnetron sputtering is made carries out the method for demoulding, carries out according to the following steps:
Step 1: per-cent by volume, get concentration respectively and be 95%～98% phosphatase 24 %～7%, concentration and be 35%～38% hydrochloric acid 12%～15%, concentration and be 98% sulfuric acid 10%～12% and deionized water 66%～74% and form mixing solutions, the total amount of this mixing solutions is 100%
Get sodium-chlor, add in the above-mentioned mixing solutions, the quality of control sodium-chlor accounts for 2%～5% of this mixing solutions quality, mixes, and makes remover;
Step 2: get workpiece 1 and the electrical conductor 2 that need slough iron based graphite coating respectively, the anode of workpiece 1 with power supply 3 is connected, electrical conductor 2 is connected with the negative electrode of power supply 3;
Step 3: will put into the remover that step 1 makes with power anode with workpiece 1 and electrical conductor 2 after negative electrode is connected respectively in the step 2, its demoulding principle schematic, as shown in Figure 1.Under the room temperature, carry out demoulding, control voltage is 10V～12V in the demoulding process, comes off fully to coating, and take out workpiece 1 this moment, promptly finishes peeling off workpiece 1 surperficial iron based graphite coating.
Before the demoulding begins, workpiece 1 is connected with power supply 3 anodes, electrical conductor 2 is connected with power cathode, and workpiece 1 and electrical conductor 2 are put into releasing agent simultaneously.After the energising, in remover, form current path, make the coating on workpiece 1 surface in the specific remover of phosphoric acid, produce the electrochemistry anode dissolution, the coating on workpiece 1 surface comes off gradually, metal ion that breaks away from the coating and the phosphoric acid in the remover form one deck phosphoric acid salt mucous membrane and are adsorbed in workpiece 1 surface, this mucous membrane is thinner at the high spot on workpiece 1 surface, recess is thicker, the high current density of high spot causes the coating of this high spot to dissolve fast, along with constantly flowing of mucous membrane, the concavo-convex continuous variation on workpiece 1 surface, coating is stripped from gradually, all comes off until coating, exposes the iron-based surface with metalluster.
The inventive method need not heating in the demoulding process, room temperature gets final product.The demoulding time is difference to some extent with the difference of iron based graphite coating thickness, and common thickness is that the coating of 1 μ m needed 30 seconds to 40 seconds can finish demoulding.When workpiece exposes metalluster surperficial, the demoulding end of processing, will in time take out the iron-based body of workpiece 1 this moment, prevents overreaction and whole iron based graphite coating stripping process is produced negative effect.
Electrochemical method is removed the reaction mechanism of class graphite coating:
At first, metal ion that breaks away from from coating and the water molecules generation hydration reaction in the remover form hydration coordination ion [M (H
2O) m]
N+, this hydration coordination ion is scattered in the bulk electrolysis liquid by diffusion and swimming.Secondly, part in the bulk electrolysis liquid or coordination agent (X)
P-Form various forms of coordination ions by diffusion and swimming effect arrival anodic interface and with metal ion on the metallic surface, as [MXm]
N-mp, this coordination ion also can be scattered in the bulk electrolysis liquid by diffusion and swimming.When with workpiece that power anode links to each other on gathered metal ion, and its surperficial amount of ligand is less than the solubility coordination ion [MXn] that forms single metal ion
N-npThe time, may form the multinuclear coordination ion [MmXn] that contains a plurality of metal ions this moment
Mn-np, this multinuclear coordination ion often occurs with the form of polymer chain, has higher viscosity, is called mucous membrane.If form neutral precipitation with the MXn/p form, then the mucous membrane of Xing Chenging is called insoluble film.Mucous membrane and insoluble film are only kept stable in the metallic surface, when running into the part that is arrived by the diffusion of bulk electrolysis liquid, mucous membrane and insoluble film can further be formed the mononuclear coordination compound [MXn] of solubility by the part coordination
N-np, make the film dissolving.
When anode potential than timing, the hydroxyl ion around the anode also can discharge and precipitated oxygen on anode, oxygen can make burning formation oxide film.In addition, metal ion also can form metal hydroxides or hydrous oxide with the hydroxyl ion direct reaction.
Per-cent is by volume got concentration respectively and is 95%～98% phosphatase 24 %, concentration and be 35%～38% hydrochloric acid 12%, concentration and be 98% sulfuric acid 10% and deionized water 74%; Mix, form mixing solutions; Get sodium-chlor, add in this mixing solutions, the sodium-chlor quality accounts for 2% of this mixing solutions quality, stirs, and makes remover; Need are sloughed the surface be connected with the anode of power supply through the workpiece that magnetron sputtering makes coating, electrical conductor is connected with the negative electrode of power supply; And put into the remover that makes, and under the room temperature, carrying out demoulding, control voltage is 10V in the demoulding process, exposes metalluster to the coating matrix that comes off fully, in time takes out workpiece, promptly finishes the demoulding of workpiece is handled.
Embodiment 2
Per-cent is by volume got concentration respectively and is 95%～98% phosphoric acid 7%, concentration and be 35%～38% hydrochloric acid 15%, concentration and be 98% sulfuric acid 12% and deionized water 66%; Mix, form mixing solutions, get sodium-chlor, add in this mixing solutions, the sodium-chlor quality accounts for 5% of this mixing solutions quality, stirs, and makes remover; Need are sloughed the surface be connected with power anode through the workpiece that magnetron sputtering makes coating, electrical conductor is connected with the negative electrode of power supply; And put into the remover that makes, and carrying out demoulding under the room temperature, control voltage is 12V in the demoulding process, about 30～40s coating comes off fully, takes out workpiece immediately, finishes the demoulding of workpiece is handled.
Embodiment 3
Per-cent is by volume got concentration respectively and is 95%～98% phosphoric acid 5.5%, concentration and be 35%～38% hydrochloric acid 13.5%, concentration and be 98% sulfuric acid 11% and deionized water 70%; Mix, form mixing solutions, get sodium-chlor, add in this mixing solutions, the sodium-chlor quality accounts for 3.5% of this mixing solutions quality, stirs, and makes remover; Need are sloughed the surface be connected with power anode through the workpiece that magnetron sputtering makes coating, electrical conductor is connected with power cathode; And put into the remover that makes, and under the room temperature, carrying out demoulding, control voltage is 11V in the demoulding process, comes off fully to coating, takes out workpiece immediately, finishes the demoulding of workpiece is handled.
Table 1 is the experimental data contrast table that adopts traditional method demoulding and the inventive method demoulding
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, adopt the inventive method, only need 30～40 seconds, can finish the demoulding of iron based graphite coating, compare the demoulding time significantly to reduce with traditional method.Illustrate and utilize the inventive method that iron based graphite coating is peeled off, efficient significantly improves, and process is simple simultaneously, and consumptive material consumption is few.In addition, traditional method is only applicable to surfacing, is fit to utilize the iron-based body of the artificial polishing of sand paper, and utilizes the inventive method to carry out demoulding to complex-shaped iron-based body class graphite coating.
Remover of the present invention as chemical electrolysis liquid, is used for the demoulding of the iron based graphite coating that the magnetic controlled sputtering ion plating technology makes, and can effectively peel off iron based graphite coating in the short period of time at the utmost point, saves consumptive material, reduces cost.
Claims (5)
1. a remover of peeling off iron based graphite coating is characterized in that, this remover is made up of phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, deionized water and sodium-chlor,
Phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and deionized water are formed mixing solutions, per-cent by volume, and its total amount is 100%, wherein, phosphoric acid is 4%～7%, hydrochloric acid is 12%～15%, sulfuric acid is 10%～12%, deionized water is 66%～74%,
The quality of sodium-chlor accounts for 2%～5% of above-mentioned mixing solutions total mass.
2. remover according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described concentration of phosphoric acid is 95%～98%.
3. remover according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the concentration of described hydrochloric acid is 35%～38%.
4. remover according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described vitriolic concentration is 98%.
5. a method of utilizing the described remover of claim 1 to peel off iron based graphite coating is characterized in that, carries out according to the following steps:
Step 1: per-cent by volume, get concentration respectively and be 95%～98% phosphatase 24 %～7%, concentration and be 35%～38% hydrochloric acid 12%～15%, concentration and be 98% sulfuric acid 10%～12% and deionized water 66%～74% and form mixing solutions, its total amount is 100%
Get sodium-chlor, add in the above-mentioned mixing solutions, the quality of control sodium-chlor accounts for 2%～5% of this mixing solutions total mass, makes remover;
Step 2: get workpiece and electrical conductor that plating has iron based graphite coating respectively, and workpiece is connected with power anode, electrical conductor is connected with power cathode;
Step 3: the workpiece and the electrical conductor that are connected with power supply in the step 2 are put into the remover that step 1 makes, carry out demoulding under the room temperature, control voltage is 10V～12V, comes off fully to coating, take out workpiece, promptly finish peeling off the workpiece surface iron based graphite coating.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008102364986A CN101481816B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Stripping agent and stripping method for stripping iron based graphite coating |
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| CN2008102364986A CN101481816B (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Stripping agent and stripping method for stripping iron based graphite coating |
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| CN101481816A CN101481816A (en) | 2009-07-15 |
| CN101481816B true CN101481816B (en) | 2011-09-28 |
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