CN101476952A - Capacitor based dynamic torque sensor - Google Patents
Capacitor based dynamic torque sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101476952A CN101476952A CNA2009100956688A CN200910095668A CN101476952A CN 101476952 A CN101476952 A CN 101476952A CN A2009100956688 A CNA2009100956688 A CN A2009100956688A CN 200910095668 A CN200910095668 A CN 200910095668A CN 101476952 A CN101476952 A CN 101476952A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic torque sensor based on capacitance, which comprises a shell, an elastic shaft, two bearings, two static substrates, two dynamic substrates and two capacitor sets which consist of two excitation capacitance static electrodes, two inductance capacitance static electrodes and two dynamic electrodes and are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the elastic shaft. Along with the rotation of the shaft, the relative position of the shaft and the shell is changed, and capacitance signals of the capacitance sets, which are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the shaft, are changed according to a certain regular period. When the elastic is rotated by torque force, the capacitance signals at both ends of the shaft can generate a phase difference, and a relation between a capacitance difference and a torque is established by detecting the capacitance difference value so as to achieve the measurement of the torque, the rotating angle and the rotating speed. The dynamic torque sensor has the advantages of no contact, high precision, low cost and long service life, and is suitable for the industrial automation field of high rotating speed environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to torque sensor, especially relate to a kind of dynamic torque sensor based on electric capacity.
Background technology
At present, dynamic torque sensor mainly adopts the resistance-strain type principle, and the problem that the strain-type torque sensor exists is how detected torque signal of strain bridge and the power supply on the elastic shaft transmits between elastic shaft and outer, stationary portion branch reliably.Common way is the around-France or inductive coupling method of afflux at present, the high precision strain-type torque sensor shown in the Chinese patent ZL96238424.0 for example, what use is exactly the collector ring transmission technology, because the collector ring transmission technology belongs to the contact transmission, there is mechanical friction, heating, life-span is short, the defective that expense is high only is applicable to the measurement of the low precision of short-term, the strain-type inductive coupling transmission type torque sensor shown in the Chinese patent ZL99232869.1, this class sensor is to utilize the principle of inductive coupling to realize the noncontact transmission of power supply and torque signal, but whole sensor volume and quality are bigger, processing, install, debugging is complicated, the cost height.So the torque sensor of use resistance-strain type principle is on the whole, complex structure, cost is higher, and the long-term stability of using is not high.
Present capacitor torque sensor, the capacitor torque sensor shown in the Chinese patent ZL93100254.0 for example, utilize and hold the purpose that grid displacement measurement technology realizes measuring moment of torsion, but, each pole piece of its emitting electrode links to each other with driving output because all will drawing lead, complex structure can't be realized the measurement of dynamic torque, and because pitch quantity limited, measuring accuracy is lower, is not suitable for the industrial automation field.A kind of capacitance type angle moment of torsion dual signal automobile sensor shown in the patent ZL200520007587.5 and for example, mainly be by measuring the angular displacement difference that causes because of distortion at torsion bar two ends with respect to angle of circumference starting point accumulative total, thereby obtain corresponding torque signal, be mainly used in the measurement of the windup-degree and the moment of torsion of automobile torsion bar.But these class methods only are applicable to the lower and limited situation of accumulative total corner of rotating speed, and because the pole plate number in its employed source plates group is restricted, can not reach relatively large level, therefore the precision of measuring is lower, can only export certain angle range, this torque sensor can only use in the specific occasion, can't be used for the industrial automation field of high rotating speed, high-precision requirement.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of dynamic torque sensor of realizing by differential capacitance sensor based on electric capacity.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
Scheme one:
The present invention includes shell, elastic shaft, two bearings, two quiet substrates, two moving substrates, the stationary electrode of two excitation electric capacity, stationary electrode and two moving electrodes of two inductance capacitances; Elastic shaft is installed in the enclosure and is supported in the bearing at two ends, all inlay annular quiet substrate near in the shell aperture of bearings at both ends inboard, the quiet substrate inner ring of capel shape is from stationary electrode that inductance capacitance axially is housed from outside to inside successively and the stationary electrode that encourages electric capacity, on the corresponding two ends of the stationary electrode elastic shaft cylindrical of the stationary electrode of inductance capacitance and excitation electric capacity, the moving substrate of one circle is housed, on the moving substrate a slice moving electrode is housed, the capacitor group of the stationary electrode of two excitation electric capacity, the stationary electrode of two inductance capacitances and two symmetric arrangement of two moving electrode compositions.
The stationary electrode of described excitation electric capacity be shaped as annular, the shape of the stationary electrode of the inductance capacitance annulus that to be axial width change by linear, sine or cosine rule, the axial width of moving electrode are greater than the axial width sum of the stationary electrode of the stationary electrode of excitation electric capacity and inductance capacitance.
Scheme two:
The present invention includes shell, elastic shaft, two bearings, two quiet substrates, two moving substrates, the stationary electrode of two excitation electric capacity, stationary electrode and two moving electrodes of two inductance capacitances; Elastic shaft is installed in the enclosure and is supported in the bearing at two ends, quiet substrate is equipped with in shell hole slot inboard near the bearings at both ends inboard, quiet substrate is from stationary electrode that inductance capacitance radially is housed from outside to inside successively and the stationary electrode that encourages electric capacity, the axle of quiet substrate correspondence is gone up the vertical moving substrate of installing, on the moving substrate moving electrode is housed, the capacitor group of the stationary electrode of two excitation electric capacity, the stationary electrode of two inductance capacitances and two symmetric arrangement of two moving electrode compositions.
The stationary electrode of described excitation electric capacity be shaped as annular, the shape of the stationary electrode of the inductance capacitance annulus that to be radial width change by linear, sine or cosine rule, the radial width of moving electrode are greater than the radial width sum of the stationary electrode of the stationary electrode of excitation electric capacity and inductance capacitance.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
Dynamic torque sensor of the present invention, owing to the employing capacitance principle, saved the somewhat complex design of the essential axle of present strain-type torque sensor and the transmission of outer, stationary part electric energy and signal, simple in structure, significantly reduced cost, and can be with the volume of whole sensor and quality control a small range.Utilized the differential capacitor technology, when torque value changed continuously, the electric capacity difference was also done to change continuously rather than stepped change, has therefore significantly improved resolution, has realized the accurate measurement of moment of torsion, and can also realize the measurement of corner and rotating speed simultaneously.The present invention can be with the dynamic torque sensor based on electric capacity in the industrial automation field of high rotating speed environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of principle schematic of the torque sensor based on electric capacity.
Figure 1A is the quiet substrate of capacitor group among Fig. 1 and the circular development figure of stationary electrode.
Figure 1B is the moving substrate of capacitor group among Fig. 1 and the circular development figure of moving electrode.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of another kind based on the torque sensor of electric capacity.
Fig. 2 A is the quiet substrate of capacitor group among Fig. 2 and the shape of stationary electrode.
Fig. 2 B is the moving substrate of capacitor group among Fig. 2 and the shape of moving electrode.
Fig. 3 is the metering circuit of capacitor group.
1-shell among the figure; The 2-elastic shaft; The 3-rolling bearing; The 4-end cap; The quiet substrate of 5-; 6-moves substrate; The stationary electrode of 7a-excitation electric capacity; The stationary electrode of 7b-inductance capacitance; The 7c-moving electrode; The 8-shell; The 9-elastic shaft; The 10-rolling bearing; The 11-end cap; The quiet substrate of 12-; 13-moves substrate; The stationary electrode of 14a-excitation electric capacity; The stationary electrode of 14b-inductance capacitance; The 14c-moving electrode.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes stationary electrode 7a, stationary electrode 7b and two moving electrode 7c of two inductance capacitances of shell 1, elastic shaft 2, two bearings 3, two end caps 4, two quiet substrates 5, two moving substrates 6, two excitation electric capacity; Elastic shaft 2 is installed in the shell 1 and is supported in the bearing 3 at two ends, cover end cap 4, all inlay annular quiet substrate 5 near in shell 1 hole of bearings at both ends 3 inboards, quiet substrate 5 inner rings of capel shape are from stationary electrode 7b that inductance capacitance axially is housed from outside to inside successively and the stationary electrode 7a that encourages electric capacity, on the corresponding two ends of stationary electrode 7a elastic shaft 2 cylindricals of the stationary electrode 7b of inductance capacitance and excitation electric capacity, the moving substrate 6 of one circle is housed, on the moving substrate 6 a slice moving electrode 7c is housed, the stationary electrode 7a of two excitation electric capacity, the capacitor group of the stationary electrode 7b of two inductance capacitances and two symmetric arrangement of two moving electrode 7c compositions.
The stationary electrode 7a of excitation electric capacity is shaped as annular, and the circular development of the stationary electrode 7a of excitation electric capacity is shaped as rectangle shown in Figure 1A; The shape of the stationary electrode 7b of inductance capacitance is the annulus of axial width by linearity, sine or the variation of cosine rule, the annulus that has used linear rule to change in this example, and shown in Figure 1A, the circular development of the stationary electrode 7b of inductance capacitance is shaped as triangle; Shown in Figure 1B, the expansion shape of moving electrode 7c is a small pieces rectangle.The axial width of moving electrode 7c is greater than the axial width sum of the stationary electrode 7b of excitation stationary electrode 7a of electric capacity and inductance capacitance.
Moving electrode 7c rotates with axle, and effective contact area zone at electric capacity stationary electrode place changes.Because the axial width of moving electrode 7c is greater than the axial width sum of the stationary electrode 7b of the stationary electrode 7a of excitation electric capacity and inductance capacitance, thereby the variation that guarantees the effective contact area of electric capacity two electrodes is fully by the shape decision of electric capacity stationary electrode.Like this, the effective contact area of two electrodes of excitation electric capacity remains unchanged, the effective contact area of two electrodes of inductance capacitance changed according to the selected rule cycle, in the rotation process of axle, the capacitance of excitation electric capacity remains unchanged, the capacitance of inductance capacitance changed according to the selected rule cycle, therefore the position of elastic shaft opposite shell as can be known of the stool and urine by measuring inductance capacitance.Install because two capacitance group are symmetries, so the capacitance of two capacitor groups equates when not being subjected to torsional interaction, when elastic shaft 2 is reversed movingly, the capacitance signal at elastic shaft 2 two ends will produce phase differential.Test circuit as shown in Figure 3, the pumping signal in addition at the stationary electrode 7a place of the excitation electric capacity of two capacitor groups, by detecting the voltage signal at two inductance capacitance stationary electrode 7b places, just can obtain the electric capacity difference of two capacitor groups, thereby obtain corresponding torque value size, and can realize measurement simultaneously corner and rotating speed.
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention includes stationary electrode 14a, stationary electrode 14b and two moving electrode 14c of two inductance capacitances of shell 8, elastic shaft 9, two bearings 10, two end caps 11, two quiet substrates 12, two moving substrates 13, two excitation electric capacity; Elastic shaft 9 is installed in the shell 8 and is supported in the bearing 10 at two ends, cover end cap 11, quiet substrate 12 is equipped with in shell 8 hole slot inboards near bearings at both ends 10 inboards, quiet substrate 12 is from stationary electrode 14b that inductance capacitance radially is housed from outside to inside successively and the stationary electrode 14a that encourages electric capacity, the axle of quiet substrate 12 correspondences is gone up the vertical moving substrate 13 of installing, on the moving substrate 13 moving electrode 14c is housed, the capacitor group of the stationary electrode 14a of two excitation electric capacity, the stationary electrode 14b of two inductance capacitances and two symmetric arrangement of two moving electrode 14c compositions.
Shown in Fig. 2 A, the stationary electrode 14a of excitation electric capacity is shaped as annular; As scheme shown in the B annulus that the shape of the stationary electrode 14b of inductance capacitance has selected for use radial width to change by linear rule; Shown in Fig. 2 B, moving electrode 14c is shaped as annular.The radial width of moving electrode 14c is greater than the radial width sum of the stationary electrode 14b of excitation stationary electrode 14a of electric capacity and inductance capacitance.
Because moving electrode 14c rotates with axle, effective contact area zone at electric capacity stationary electrode place changes.The variation of the effective contact area of electric capacity two electrodes is fully by the decision of the shape of electric capacity stationary electrode.The effective contact area of two electrodes of excitation electric capacity remains unchanged, the effective contact area of two electrodes of inductance capacitance changed according to the certain rule cycle, in the rotation process of axle, the capacitance of excitation electric capacity remains unchanged, and the capacitance of inductance capacitance changed according to the certain rule cycle.Therefore the position of elastic shaft opposite shell as can be known of the stool and urine by measuring inductance capacitance.Install because two capacitance group are symmetries, so the capacitance of two capacitor groups equates when not being subjected to torsional interaction, when elastic shaft 9 is reversed movingly, the capacitance signal at elastic shaft 9 two ends will produce phase differential.Thereby also can use test circuit shown in Figure 3,, realize the purpose of torque measurement by detection to capacitance signal.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of dynamic torque sensor based on electric capacity is characterized in that: comprise shell (1), elastic shaft (2), two bearings (3), two quiet substrates (5), two moving substrates (6), the stationary electrode (7a) of two excitation electric capacity, stationary electrode (7b) and two moving electrodes (7c) of two inductance capacitances; Elastic shaft (2) is installed in the shell (1) and is supported in the bearing (3) at two ends, all inlay annular quiet substrate (5) in shell (1) hole near bearings at both ends (3) inboard, the quiet substrate of capel shape (5) inner ring is from stationary electrode (7b) that inductance capacitance axially is housed from outside to inside successively and the stationary electrode (7a) that encourages electric capacity, on stationary electrode (7a) corresponding two ends elastic shafts (2) cylindrical of the stationary electrode (7b) of inductance capacitance and excitation electric capacity, the moving substrate (6) of one circle is housed, on the moving substrate (6) a slice moving electrode (7c) is housed, the stationary electrode (7a) of two excitation electric capacity, the stationary electrode of two inductance capacitances (7b) and two moving electrodes (7c) are formed the capacitor group of two symmetric arrangement.
2, a kind of dynamic torque sensor according to claim 1 based on electric capacity, it is characterized in that: the stationary electrode of described excitation electric capacity (7a) be shaped as annular, the shape of the stationary electrode of inductance capacitance (7b) annulus that to be axial width change by linear, sine or cosine rule, the axial width of moving electrode (7c) are greater than the axial width sum of the stationary electrode (7b) of the stationary electrode (7a) of excitation electric capacity and inductance capacitance.
3, a kind of dynamic torque sensor based on electric capacity is characterized in that: comprise shell (8), elastic shaft (9), two bearings (10), two quiet substrates (12), two moving substrates (13), the stationary electrode (14a) of two excitation electric capacity, stationary electrode (14b) and two moving electrodes (14c) of two inductance capacitances; Elastic shaft (9) is installed in the shell (8) and is supported in the bearing (10) at two ends, near shell (8) the hole slot inboard that bearings at both ends (10) is inboard quiet substrate (12) is housed, quiet substrate (12) is from stationary electrode (14b) that inductance capacitance radially is housed from outside to inside successively and the stationary electrode (14a) that encourages electric capacity, the axle that quiet substrate (12) is corresponding is gone up the vertical moving substrate (13) of installing, on the moving substrate (13) moving electrode (14c) is housed, the stationary electrode (14a) of two excitation electric capacity, the stationary electrode of two inductance capacitances (14b) and two moving electrodes (14c) are formed the capacitor group of two symmetric arrangement.
4, a kind of dynamic torque sensor according to claim 3 based on electric capacity, it is characterized in that: the stationary electrode of described excitation electric capacity (14a) be shaped as annular, the shape of the stationary electrode of inductance capacitance (14b) annulus that to be radial width change by linear, sine or cosine rule, the radial width of moving electrode (14c) are greater than the radial width sum of the stationary electrode (14b) of the stationary electrode (14a) of excitation electric capacity and inductance capacitance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009100956688A CN101476952B (en) | 2009-01-19 | 2009-01-19 | Capacitor based dynamic torque sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009100956688A CN101476952B (en) | 2009-01-19 | 2009-01-19 | Capacitor based dynamic torque sensor |
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| CN101476952A true CN101476952A (en) | 2009-07-08 |
| CN101476952B CN101476952B (en) | 2010-07-14 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102981013A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-20 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Speed metering and counting device and speed metering and counting method |
| CN103162717A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-06-19 | 陈晓玉 | Capacitive non-contact angular position sensor |
| CN103575352A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-12 | 上海兆富电子科技有限公司 | Device and method for quickly recognizing gear reading by capacitive transducer |
| CN105172489A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-12-23 | 安徽工程大学 | Tire pressure detecting device based on circular ring contact type three-dimensional pressure sensors |
| CN107856741A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-30 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle steering device and vehicle |
| CN109708791A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of capacitor torque sensor and its method for measuring torque |
| CN110389000A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-10-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of turbodrill torque measurement sensor based on distribution capacity principle |
| CN110411631A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-05 | 北京新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | A kind of torque sensor |
| CN112416185A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Wearable device |
-
2009
- 2009-01-19 CN CN2009100956688A patent/CN101476952B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103575352A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-12 | 上海兆富电子科技有限公司 | Device and method for quickly recognizing gear reading by capacitive transducer |
| CN103575352B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2016-02-10 | 上海兆富电子科技有限公司 | A kind of device and method utilizing capacitive transducer to identify gear reading fast |
| CN102981013A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-03-20 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Speed metering and counting device and speed metering and counting method |
| CN103162717A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-06-19 | 陈晓玉 | Capacitive non-contact angular position sensor |
| CN105172489A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-12-23 | 安徽工程大学 | Tire pressure detecting device based on circular ring contact type three-dimensional pressure sensors |
| CN107856741A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-30 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | A kind of vehicle steering device and vehicle |
| CN109708791A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-03 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of capacitor torque sensor and its method for measuring torque |
| CN110389000A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-10-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of turbodrill torque measurement sensor based on distribution capacity principle |
| CN110411631A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-05 | 北京新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | A kind of torque sensor |
| CN112416185A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Wearable device |
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| CN101476952B (en) | 2010-07-14 |
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