A kind of preparation method of 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of chemical synthesis.
Background technology
4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid is the raw material of synthetic 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic ester class, it also is the raw material of producing 4-methylthiazol-5-acyl chlorides and 4-methyl-5-hydroxymethylthiazole, and be the key intermediate of a new generation's treatment gout medicine Febuxostat, Febuxostat (Febuxostat) is an xanthine oxidase inhibitor of new generation, be used for the treatment of the too high disease of uric acid (gout) clinically, all clinical studyes have been finished at present, listing abroad.
The technology of at present synthetic 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid mainly contains following several:
Method one: by after the chlorination of methyl aceto acetate elder generation with thiocarbamide cyclization in the ethanol/water solvent, then carry out diazotization reaction and remove amino, generate 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid after the hydrolysis.
Method two: generate thioformamide by prussic acid and hydrogen sulfide through High Temperature High Pressure, then, obtain 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid after the hydrolysis with chlorizate cyclization in the ethanol/water solvent of methyl aceto acetate.
Method three: in inert solvent, react by methane amide and thiophosphoric anhydride, solvent extraction, steaming desolventizes, and underpressure distillation obtains thioformamide, then, obtain 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid after the hydrolysis with chlorizate cyclization in the ethanol/water solvent of methyl aceto acetate.
Method four: methane amide and Japanese reagent [chemistry by name 2, two (the phenyl sulfenyls)-1 of 4-, 3-two sulphur-2,4-two phosphorus heterocycle butane-2,4 disulphide] reaction generation thioformamide, then, obtain 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid after the hydrolysis with chlorizate cyclization in the ethanol/water solvent of methyl aceto acetate.
All there are different relative merits in above method, and method one diazotization reaction produces a large amount of waste water, and the diazotization reaction yield is very low; Though method two technology is simple, use the prussic acid of severe toxicity, and reaction process needs High Temperature High Pressure, to the equipment requirements height, and cause prussic acid excessive easily, cause severe contamination to environment; Method three need be used a large amount of solvents, and the unit volume utilization ratio is extremely low, and the thioformamide yield is low, and making it can not industrialization, and the method four-function yield of thioformamide is improved, but complex process is difficult to carry out industrialization more to oxygen thioated reagent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to invent that a kind of technology is simple, a kind of preparation method of no waste water, production process environmental protection, 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid that yield is high.
The present invention carries out thio reaction first methane amide is mixed with thiophosphoric anhydride; Add chloro ethyl acetoacetate again and carry out cyclization reaction, get organic phase and add the sodium hydroxide solution reaction that is hydrolyzed, the product of separating out is got in filtration, is 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid.
The method that the present invention produces 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid has three-step reaction, promptly obtains 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid through sulfo-, cyclization, hydrolysis.Present method has simple to operate, the technology simple and stable, and wastewater flow rate is few, and is environmentally friendly, advantages such as industrialization simple possible.The contriver has carried out pilot scale with present method, process stabilizing, and stable yield, total recovery reaches 75%, and purity is greater than 98%.
In addition, during thio reaction of the present invention, earlier methane amide is dissolved in the solvent, described solvent is ether or tetrahydrofuran (THF) or sherwood oil or Skellysolve A or normal hexane or hexanaphthene or chloroform or benzene or toluene or ethyl acetate or ethyl formate; Described methane amide molten with mol ratio solvent be 1: 10~50.
The thio reaction temperature is-10~70 ℃, and the mol ratio of described methane amide and thiophosphoric anhydride is 1: 0.2~1.
Preferred thio reaction temperature is 30~55 ℃.
Thio reaction is warming up to 10~90 ℃ after finishing, and adds chloro ethyl acetoacetate again, the reaction back that finishes adds the shrend reaction of going out, separatory then, and water is used above-mentioned solvent extraction once again, merge organic phase, steaming desolventizes, and obtains 4-methylthiazol-5-formic acid ethyl ester crude product.Preferred cyclization temperature of reaction is 75~80 ℃.
The mol ratio of described methane amide and chloro ethyl acetoacetate is 1: 0.5~1.5.
When the organic phase temperature was 40~100 ℃, the adding volumetric molar concentration was 5%~40% sodium hydroxide solution, and insulated and stirred to hydrolysis reaction finishes; The mol ratio of described methane amide and sodium hydroxide is 1: 1~2.5.Preferred hydrolysising reacting temperature is 85~90 ℃.
Add gac in hydrolysis reactant, after the filtration, it is 5%-35% hydrochloric acid that filtrate adds volumetric molar concentration, regulates pH value to 1~5, filters the 4-methylthiazol-5-carboxylic acid of separating out; The mol ratio of described methane amide and hydrochloric acid is 1: 1~2.5.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
1 mole of methane amide is dissolved in the ether or the sherwood oil of 20 times of amounts, controlled temperature at-10 ℃ under 35 ℃, the thiophosphoric anhydride that progressively adds 0.2 mole, after reaction finishes, temperature is controlled at 10~35 ℃, add 1 mole of chloro ethyl acetoacetate, reaction shrend that the back the adds 5 times of amounts reaction of going out that finishes, separatory, water are used above-mentioned solvent extraction once again, merge organic phase, steaming desolventizes, obtain 4-methylthiazol-5-formic acid ethyl ester crude product, being controlled at 85~90 ℃, to add volumetric molar concentrations be 150 milliliters of 40% sodium hydroxide solutions, continues to be stirred to react completely under this temperature.Add gac 10 grams, filter, filtrate adding volumetric molar concentration is 10% hydrochloric acid, regulates pH to 3.The product that filtration is separated out, H
1NMR (CDCl
3): (CH
3, s, 2.644 .COOH, s, 13.33 .CH, s, 9.13), purity 98.6%; Yield 72%.
Embodiment two
1 mole of methane amide is dissolved in the tetrahydrofuran (THF) or Skellysolve A or normal hexane of 15 times of amounts, controlled temperature progressively adds 0.5 mole thiophosphoric anhydride under 25 ℃ to 50 ℃, after reaction finishes, temperature is controlled at 60~75 ℃, add 0.8 mole of chloro ethyl acetoacetate, reaction shrend that the back the adds 10 times of amounts reaction of going out that finishes, add the ethyl acetate separatory, water again with ethyl acetate extraction once, merge organic phase, steaming desolventizes, and obtains 4-methylthiazol-5-formic acid ethyl ester crude product, being controlled at 40~100 ℃ of adding volumetric molar concentrations is 250 milliliters of 20% sodium hydroxide solutions, continues to be stirred to react completely under this temperature.Add gac, filter, it is 5%~35% hydrochloric acid that filtrate adds volumetric molar concentration, regulates pH to 3.The product that filtration is separated out, purity〉98.5%; H
1NMR (CDCl
3): (CH
3, s, 2.644 .COOH, s, 13.33 .CH, s, 9.13), yield 71%.
Embodiment three
1 mole of methane amide is dissolved in the ethyl acetate or hexanaphthene or chloroform of 10 times of amounts, controlled temperature progressively adds 1 mole thiophosphoric anhydride under 25 ℃ to 50 ℃, after reaction finishes, temperature is controlled at 60~75 ℃, add 1.5 moles of chloro ethyl acetoacetates, reaction shrend that the back the adds 5 times of amounts reaction of going out that finishes, separatory, water again with ethyl acetate extraction once, merge organic phase, steaming desolventizes, and obtains 4-methylthiazol-5-formic acid ethyl ester crude product, being controlled at 40~100 ℃ of adding volumetric molar concentrations is 0.5 liter of 10% sodium hydroxide solution, continues to be stirred to react completely under this temperature.Add gac 10 grams, filter, it is 5% hydrochloric acid that filtrate adds volumetric molar concentration, regulates pH to 1.The product that filtration is separated out, purity 98.2%; H
1NMR (CDCl
3): (CH
3, s, 2.644 .COOH, s, 13.33 .CH, s, 9.13), yield 65%.
Embodiment four
1 mole of methane amide is dissolved in the ethyl acetate or ethyl formate or benzene or toluene of 50 times of amounts, controlled temperature progressively adds 0.2 mole thiophosphoric anhydride under 30 ℃ to 55 ℃, after reaction finishes, temperature is controlled at 75~80 ℃, add 0.5 mole of chloro ethyl acetoacetate, reaction shrend that the back the adds 10 times of amounts reaction of going out that finishes, separatory, water again with ethyl acetate extraction once, merge organic phase, steaming desolventizes, and obtains 4-methylthiazol-5-formic acid ethyl ester crude product, being controlled at 85~90 ℃ of adding volumetric molar concentrations is 0.5 liter of 15% sodium hydroxide solution, continues to be stirred to react completely under this temperature.Add gac 10 grams, filter, it is 15% hydrochloric acid that filtrate adds volumetric molar concentration, regulates pH to 5.The product that filtration is separated out, purity 99.1%; H
1NMR (CDCl
3): (CH
3, s, 2.644 .COOH, s, 13.33 .CH, s, 9.13), yield 76%.