CN101474690B - Rotatable blade for face milling and processing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an indexable cutting tip for a face milling process,, comprising an upper surface, a bottom surface and a cutting tip body surrounded by the two end faces connecting the upper and bottom surfaces and the two side faces. The center of the cutting tip body is equipped with a cutting tip center hole for installing compression screw. An intersection line of the upper and the two side faces is formed to a couple of main cutting edge which is connected by at least three curvilinear cutting edges heaving outward relative to the cutting tip central hole. Each section of the curvilinear cutting edge is formed by crossing the surface and the relative cutting wheeling cylindrical surface respectively. And the two adjacent curvilinear cutting edges are connected by smooth transition. The indexable cutting tip for a face milling process has the advantages of being applied to many kinds of tools with cutting radius of gyration, guaranteeing the precision of the face milling processing and improving the linking cutter marks.

Description

Indexable inserts for face milling

technical field

The invention relates to mechanical cutting technology, in particular to an indexable insert for face milling.

Background technique

When the existing commonly used indexable inserts process vertical walls with high precision requirements, the processed walls are not completely vertical, and sometimes the difference is large, especially when the same insert is installed on tool bodies with different diameters. big. The Chinese patent No. ZL90102672.7 discloses a cutting insert for milling tools, the main cutting edge of which is obtained by the intersection of an axially inclined plane and a cylindrical surface of constant diameter. When on the same tool body, the cylindrical surface obtained by the rotation of the cutting edge can be well overlapped with the rotating cylindrical surface of the tool body. Using such a helical cutting edge, a vertical wall surface with good machining accuracy can be obtained. However, there are also some problems in the design of this cutting edge. When the cutting insert is installed on a tool body with other diameters, especially when the diameter of the tool body differs greatly from the design diameter, the cutting edge is difficult to rotate with the tool body. The cylindrical surfaces coincide, or partially coincide, and often have a large difference, which leads to a decrease in the accuracy of machining the vertical surface, especially when machining a vertical surface deeper than the effective cutting edge of the insert, the junction of adjacent cutting edges will also form a comparison Obvious tool marks affect the quality of the machined surface.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an indexable insert for end milling with a tool body suitable for various cutting radii, which can ensure the machining accuracy of end milling and improve the traces of connecting tools. .

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

An indexable insert for end face milling, comprising an insert body surrounded by an upper surface, a lower bottom surface, two end surfaces connecting the upper and lower bottom surfaces and two side surfaces, the center of the insert body is provided with a mounting and positioning The center hole of the blade, the intersection line of the upper surface and the two side surfaces forms a pair of main cutting edges, the main cutting edges are connected by at least three curved edges protruding outward relative to the center hole of the blade, and each section of the curved edge It is formed by the intersection of their respective planes and their corresponding cutting rotating cylindrical surfaces, and two adjacent sections of curved edges are connected with a smooth transition.

The intersection lines between the upper surface of the insert body and each end face form a wiper edge and a minor cutting edge, the main cutting edge and the wiper edge are connected by an arc-shaped cutting angle, and the main cutting edge gradually moves toward the blade The lower bottom surface of the body extends from the cutting corner at one end of the blade body to the secondary cutting edge at the other end of the blade body in an inclined manner.

第二曲线刃所在平面与刀片本体的下底面形成λ角，5°≤λ≤15°，第三曲线刃所在平面与刀片本体的下底面形成ψ角，0°≤ψ≤5°，并且

The main cutting edge is formed by connecting a first curved edge, a second curved edge and a third curved edge, the second curved edge is located between the first curved edge and the third curved edge, and the first curved edge and The wiper edge is connected, the third curved edge is connected to the secondary cutting edge, and the plane where the first curved edge is located forms the lower bottom surface of the blade body. horn,

The plane where the second curved edge is located forms an angle λ with the lower bottom surface of the blade body, 5°≤λ≤15°, the plane where the third curved edge is located forms an angle ψ with the lower bottom surface of the blade body, 0°≤ψ≤5°, and

The radius of the cutting rotating cylindrical surface of the second curved edge is greater than the radii of the cutting rotating cylindrical surface of the first curved edge and the third curved edge.

The wiper edge is connected with the secondary cutting edge through a concave part.

The side of the blade body includes a first relief surface, a second relief surface and a third relief surface, the first relief surface intersects with the upper surface of the blade body, and the second relief surface intersects with the blade body The lower bottom surface intersects, the third relief surface is located between the first relief surface and the second relief surface, the first relief surface has a constant first relief angle, and extends along the entire main cutting edge, the second relief surface The relief surface has a constant second relief angle that is greater than the first relief angle, and the third relief surface has a third relief angle that is less than the second relief angle.

The end of the third relief surface close to the cutting corner has a maximum width.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantage that the main cutting edge is formed by connecting at least three sections of curved edges protruding outward relative to the center hole of the insert, and each section of curved edges is composed of the respective planes and the respective corresponding cutting rotation cylinders. When the blade is installed on the tool body with different cutting rotation radius, it can ensure that the cylindrical surface obtained by at least one section of the curved edge rotating around the tool body rotation axis coincides with the cutting rotating cylindrical surface forming the curved edge, thus ensuring The machining accuracy of end face milling makes the insert more widely applicable, and at the same time, the transition between two adjacent curved edges is smooth. Even when machining a surface whose vertical depth is greater than the length of the insert, the main cutting edge will not leave any traces of the main cutting edge during each cutting. It will be obvious, and can process a good overall vertical wall surface; the upper surface of the blade body intersects with each end face, and forms a set of wiper edges and minor cutting edges at each end of the blade body, and the main cutting edge gradually moves toward the blade body. The lower bottom surface is inclined and extends from the wiper edge at one end of the insert body to the secondary cutting edge at the other end of the insert body. This design makes the main cutting edge have different axes when the insert is installed on the tool body. The inclination angle, and the curved edge near the cutting corner has a small axial inclination angle, so that the strength of the insert near the cutting corner is strengthened. At the same time, the axial inclination angle is not reduced on the entire main cutting edge, and the At the same time, it does not affect the removal of chips; the side of the insert body is composed of the first relief surface, the second relief surface and the third relief surface, and the first relief surface has a constant first relief surface. angle, and extend along the entire main cutting edge, which can effectively reduce the possibility of chipping of the main cutting edge of the insert. Processing surface, the second relief surface has a constant second relief angle, the second relief angle is greater than the first relief angle, which can ensure that when the insert is installed on the tool body at a certain angle, the second relief surface is close to the lower bottom surface of the insert body There is no interference between the part and the machined surface, the third relief surface has a third relief angle smaller than the second relief angle, and has the largest width at the end near the cutting corner, which can further improve the strength of the main cutting edge of the insert, especially The strength of the cutting corner reduces the possibility of damage to the cutting corner.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the front view of the blade installed on the tool body of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view structural representation of the blade of the present invention installed on the tool body;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blade of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the front structural schematic view of the blade of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a top view structural representation of the blade of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a left view structural representation of the blade of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the H-H sectional view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the back angle structure of the blade of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing comparison of the projections of the main cutting edge when mounted on tool bodies with three rotation diameters.

Each label in the figure means:

1. Insert body 2. Main cutting edge

3. Cutting angle 4. Wiper edge

5. Blade center hole 6. Side

7. The first relief surface 8. The second relief surface

9. The third relief surface 10. Wiper relief surface

11. Minor cutting edge 12. Bottom surface

13. Upper surface 14. End face

15. Recessed part 16. Tool body

17. Compression screw 21. The first curved edge

22. The second curved edge 23. The third curved edge

101. The first smoothing relief surface 102. The second smoothing relief surface

Detailed ways

第二曲线刃22所在平面与刀片本体1的下底面12形成λ角，5°≤λ≤15°，第三曲线刃23所在平面与刀片本体1的下底面12形成ψ角，0°≤ψ≤5°，并且

本实施例中

角取3°，λ角取10°，ψ角取2°。刀片本体1的侧面6包括第一后隙面7、第二后隙面8和第三后隙面9，第一后隙面7与刀片本体1的上表面13相交，第二后隙面8与刀片本体1的下底面12相交，第三后隙面9位于第一后隙面7和第二后隙面8之间，第一后隙面7具有恒定的第一后角α，并且沿整个主切削刃2延伸，本实施例中α为7°，第一后隙面7可有效减少刀片的主切削刃2发生崩缺的可能，同时，可通过对第一后隙面7的研磨加工，大大提高主切削刃2的精度，得到精度良好的垂直加工面。第二后隙面8具有恒定的第二后角β，第二后角β大于第一后角α，本实施例中β为11°，这样设置第二后隙面8可确保刀片以一定角度安装于工具体16上时，第二后隙面8靠近刀片本体1的下底面12部分与加工表面之间不发生干涉，第三后隙面9具有小于第二后角β的第三后角γ，第三后隙面9靠近切削角3一端具有最大宽度L，本实施例中L为0.8mm，这样可进一步提高刀片主切削刃的强度，尤其是切削角部的强度，减小了切削角部损坏的可能性。As shown in Figures 3 to 8, the indexable insert for face milling of the present invention includes an insert surrounded by an upper surface 13, a lower bottom surface 12, two end surfaces 14 connecting the upper and lower bottom surfaces, and two side surfaces 6 Body 1, the blade body 1 is formed by pressing cemented carbide powder, and then sintering and shrinking at high temperature in a special sintering equipment. The center of the blade body 1 is provided with the blade center hole 5 perpendicular to the bottom surface 12 of the blade, and the intersection line between the upper surface 13 of the blade body 1 and the two side faces 6 forms a pair of main cutting edges 2, and the upper surface 13 of the blade body 1 and the The intersecting lines of each end face 14 all form the wiper edge 4 and the minor cutting edge 11, and the wiper edge 4 and the minor cutting edge 11 are connected by a recessed part 15, which can reduce the minor cutting edge 11 during vertical cutting. The length of contact with the workpiece reduces the cutting resistance and facilitates the discharge of chips. The main cutting edge 2 and the wiper edge 4 are connected by an arc-shaped cutting angle 3. On the end face 14 of the insert body 1, there is a first The wiper relief surface 101 and the second wiper relief surface 102 form the wiper relief surface 10 . During the processing, the wiper blade 4 has a scraping effect on the processed surface, and can significantly improve the precision of the processed surface during processing. The main cutting edge 2 is connected by at least three sections of curved edges that protrude outward relative to the center hole 5 of the blade. The smooth transition is connected, so that even when processing the processing surface with a vertical depth greater than the length of the insert, the contact marks of the main cutting edge 2 will not be obvious during each cutting, and a good overall vertical wall surface can be processed; the main cutting The edge 2 extends from the cutting angle 3 at one end of the blade body 1 to the secondary cutting edge 11 at the other end of the blade body 1 in a manner gradually inclined toward the lower bottom surface 12 of the blade body 1. Such a design makes the blade body 1 installed on the When on the tool body 16, each segment of the main cutting edge 2 has different axial inclination angles, and the curved edge near the cutting angle 3 has a smaller axial inclination angle, so that the strength of the insert body 1 is improved near the cutting angle 3. Strengthening, at the same time, does not reduce the axial inclination angle on the entire main cutting edge 2, while improving the strength of the cutting angle 3, it does not affect the removal of chips. In this embodiment, the main cutting edge 2 is formed by connecting the first curved edge 21, the second curved edge 22 and the third curved edge 23, and the second curved edge 22 is located between the first curved edge 21 and the third curved edge 23 , the first curved edge 21 is connected to the wiper edge 4, the third curved edge 23 is connected to the secondary cutting edge 11, and the cutting radius of the second curved edge 22 is larger than that of the first curved edge 21 and the third curved edge 23. Rotation cylinder radius. The plane where the first curved edge 21 is located is formed with the lower bottom surface 12 of the blade body 1 horn,

The plane where the second curved edge 22 is located forms an angle λ with the lower bottom surface 12 of the blade body 1, 5°≤λ≤15°, the plane where the third curved edge 23 is located forms an angle ψ with the lower bottom surface 12 of the blade body 1, 0°≤ψ ≤5°, and

In this example

The angle is 3°, the λ angle is 10°, and the ψ angle is 2°. The side 6 of the blade body 1 includes a first relief surface 7, a second relief surface 8 and a third relief surface 9, the first relief surface 7 intersects with the upper surface 13 of the blade body 1, the second relief surface 8 Intersecting the lower bottom surface 12 of the blade body 1, the third relief surface 9 is located between the first relief surface 7 and the second relief surface 8, the first relief surface 7 has a constant first relief angle α, and along The entire main cutting edge 2 extends. In this embodiment, α is 7°. The first relief surface 7 can effectively reduce the possibility of chipping of the main cutting edge 2 of the insert. At the same time, the grinding of the first relief surface 7 can machining, the precision of the main cutting edge 2 is greatly improved, and a vertical machining surface with good precision is obtained. The second relief surface 8 has a constant second relief angle β, and the second relief angle β is greater than the first relief angle α. In this embodiment, β is 11°, so setting the second relief surface 8 can ensure that the blade can be positioned at a certain angle. When installed on the tool body 16, there is no interference between the part of the second relief surface 8 close to the lower bottom surface 12 of the insert body 1 and the processing surface, and the third relief surface 9 has a third relief angle smaller than the second relief angle β γ, the end of the third relief surface 9 close to the cutting angle 3 has a maximum width L. In this embodiment, L is 0.8mm, which can further improve the strength of the main cutting edge of the insert, especially the strength of the cutting corner, and reduce the cutting edge. Possibility of corner damage.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, when the indexable insert for face milling of the present invention is installed on the tool body 16, the side face 6, the end face 14 and the lower bottom surface 12 of the insert body 1 are respectively aligned with the tool body 16. The specific blade seat is closely fitted, the side 6, the end surface 14 and the lower bottom surface 12 of the chip body 1 are respectively closely attached to the specific blade seat provided on the tool body 16, and then the compression screw 17 is used to pass through the center of the blade The hole 5 is connected with the tool body 16 so as to fix the blade body 1 in the blade seat of the tool body 16 . The shape of the blade seat of this tool body 16 can be designed according to the needs of blade, after guaranteeing that blade is installed on this tool body 16, along with the rotation of tool body 16 around its axis of rotation, the rotation of the curved edge that is used for processing in the blade The trajectory remains coincident with the rotating cylindrical surface formed by the curved edge cutting. When the insert is installed on the tool body 16 with three different cutting radii of rotation, the projection comparison of the main cutting edge 2 in the plane passing the axis of rotation is shown in Figure 9, and A in Figure 9 is when the first curved edge 21 is used for cutting The projection of the first curved edge 21, B is the projection of the second curved edge 22 when using the second curved edge 22 for cutting, and C is the projection of the third curved edge 23 when using the third curved edge 23 for cutting. It can be seen that the blade installation On tool bodies 16 of different diameters, the projection 18 of at least one section of the curved edge in the projection of the main cutting edge 2 can completely coincide with the cutting rotating cylindrical surface formed with the rotation of the tool body 16, so that the insert can be installed on different tools When the body 16 is on, the machining accuracy of side milling can be guaranteed, so that the application range of the blade is wider. When the machining depth is greater than the vertical wall surface of the length of the main cutting edge 2 of the blade, a good vertical wall surface can still be obtained by multiple cutting.

The indexable insert for face milling of the present invention can also adjust the number of curved edges in the main cutting edge 2, or the radius and arc length of the cutting rotation cylinder of the curved edge, so that the applicable range of the insert is wider. It should be regarded as an equivalent replacement of the present invention, and all should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. rotatable blade for face milling and processing, comprise by a upper surface (13), two end faces (14) of bottom surface and the blade body (1) that two sides (6) surround are gone up in a bottom surface (12) and connection, the center of described blade body (1) is provided with the blade center hole (5) that is used to install the location, described upper surface (13) forms a pair of main cutting edge (2) with the intersecting lens of two sides (6), it is characterized in that: described main cutting edge (2) is formed by connecting by the protruding laterally curve sword of at least three sections relative blade center hole (5), each section curve sword forms by plane, place and each self-corresponding cutting rotational circle cylinder are crossing separately, adjacent two sections curve swords seamlessly transit and join, the upper surface (13) of described blade body (1) all forms wiper edges (4) and front cutting edge (11) with the intersecting lens of each end face (14), described main cutting edge (2) is connected by circular-arc cutting angle (3) with wiper edges (4), the mode of described main cutting edge (2) to tilt to the bottom surface (12) of blade body (1) gradually, extend to the front cutting edge (11) that is positioned at blade body (1) other end from the cutting angle (3) that is positioned at blade body (1) one end.

2. rotatable blade for face milling and processing according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described main cutting edge (2) is formed by connecting by the first curve sword (21), the second curve sword (22) and the 3rd curve sword (23), the described second curve sword (22) is positioned between the first curve sword (21) and the 3rd curve sword (23), the described first curve sword (21) is connected with wiper edges (4), described the 3rd curve sword (23) is connected with front cutting edge (11), and the bottom surface (12) of first curve sword (21) plane, place and blade body (1) forms

The angle,

The bottom surface (12) of second curve sword (22) plane, place and blade body (1) forms the λ angle, and 5 °≤λ≤15 °, the bottom surface (12) of the 3rd curve sword (23) plane, place and blade body (1) forms the ψ angle, and 0 °≤ψ≤5 °, and

3. rotatable blade for face milling and processing according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the cutting rotating cylindrical radius surface of the described second curve sword (22) is greater than the cutting rotating cylindrical radius surface of the first curve sword (21) and the 3rd curve sword (23).

4. according to each described rotatable blade for face milling and processing in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: described wiper edges (4) is connected by a recess (15) with front cutting edge (11).

5. according to each described rotatable blade for face milling and processing in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the side (6) of described blade body (1) comprises first flank (7), second flank (8) and the 3rd flank (9), described first flank (7) intersects with the upper surface (13) of blade body (1), described second flank (8) intersects with the bottom surface (12) of blade body (1), described the 3rd flank (9) is positioned between first flank (7) and second flank (8), first flank (7) has constant first relief angle (α), and extend along whole main cutting edge (2), second flank (8) has constant second relief angle (β), described second relief angle (β) is greater than first relief angle (α), and the 3rd flank (9) has the 3rd relief angle (γ) less than second relief angle (β).

6. rotatable blade for face milling and processing according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the side (6) of described blade body (1) comprises first flank (7), second flank (8) and the 3rd flank (9), described first flank (7) intersects with the upper surface (13) of blade body (1), described second flank (8) intersects with the bottom surface (12) of blade body (1), described the 3rd flank (9) is positioned between first flank (7) and second flank (8), first flank (7) has constant first relief angle (α), and extend along whole main cutting edge (2), second flank (8) has constant second relief angle (β), described second relief angle (β) is greater than first relief angle (α), and the 3rd flank (9) has the 3rd relief angle (γ) less than second relief angle (β).

7. rotatable blade for face milling and processing according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described the 3rd flank (9) has Breadth Maximum (L) near cutting angle (3) one ends.

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