CN101474666A - Cooling method of continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature and quality control - Google Patents
Cooling method of continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature and quality control Download PDFInfo
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- CN101474666A CN101474666A CNA2009101030802A CN200910103080A CN101474666A CN 101474666 A CN101474666 A CN 101474666A CN A2009101030802 A CNA2009101030802 A CN A2009101030802A CN 200910103080 A CN200910103080 A CN 200910103080A CN 101474666 A CN101474666 A CN 101474666A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a temperature and quality control cooling method in a solidification process of continuous casting billet. The method comprises the following steps: firstly determining a quantitative relation between different continuous casting solidification behaviors of different steel solidification billet shells with temperature range of a secondary cooling low ductility zone, modifying secondary cooling water distribution metallurgical rules and determining a reasonable target surface temperature curve, completing a static control model and a dynamic control model to cause surface temperature of the casting billet to escape from the temperature range of the movable casting billet secondary cooling low ductility zone and fully approach to the target surface temperature. The method can help optimally regulate and control billet shell temperature change in particular the surface temperature change to avoid seaminess which is caused by the move of the secondary cooling low ductility zone (austenite transition temperature range).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature control cooling means, be mainly used in the continuous casting cooling procedure of molten steel, also can be used for the continuous casting cooling procedure of non-ferrous metal.Use this kind continuous casting the technology cooling control method can by to the variations in temperature of solidified shell in the strand particularly the variation of surface temperature carry out optimal adjustment and control, formulate the continuous cast mold and the secondary cooling system of rational steel, to the quality that improves continuous casting billet, reducing crack defect, particularly to align surface transverse cracks etc. significant.
Background technology
In recent years, the continuous casting steel machine production of China continues to keep the situation of fast development, and strand output reached 47,430 ten thousand tons in 2007, and the steel and iron industry continuous casting ratio reaches 98.86%, and the development of continuous casting technology has promoted the further optimization of steel production in China flow process.Because the quality of continuous casting billet has significant effects to the final steel product quality, therefore how better control and raising slab quality are the focuses of domestic and international metallargist's research always.In the continuous casting technology evolution, it is the major obstacle that improves slab quality that solidified shell cracks.Relevant statistics shows, in all kinds of defectives of strand, the shared ratio of crack defect is more than 50%; And crackle also is one of the most scabrous quality problems in the continuous casting production process.Production practices show that the crack defect of continuous casting billet may produce, and crack shape is different in the zones of different of casting machine, the reason of generation is also extremely complicated, is subjected to the influence of many-sided factors such as equipment, technology.
In order to guarantee slab quality, fully control particularly surface temperature of strand temperature, prevent to crack defective, two cold water distribution optimizations become the main research means that improves slab quality and improve output with the control model.At present, the cooling means to continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature (particularly surface temperature) and quality control mainly contains STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL and dynamic control model.
STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL mainly comprises three kinds of control methods: water meter control method, proportional controlling means and conic section control method.In the water meter control method, two cold each section water yields are to be represented by the corresponding water yield of different pulling rate points with the relation of pulling rate, do not adopt equation, and its two cold water distribution is to be interrupted or to jump to change with the variation of pulling rate.Proportional controlling means promptly adopts specific water's method, determines the cooling water inflow of each cooling section by Q=KV (Q is an injection flow rate, and K is a coefficient, and v is a pulling rate), and the pass of two cold each section water yields and pulling rate is a linear relationship.Conic section control method is pressed Q=AV according to different steel grades
2(Q is an injection flow rate to+BV+C, A, B, C are the control parameter, v is a pulling rate) quadratic equation with one unknown carries out water distribution, its control thinking is to make the target surface temperature curve that is suitable for producing steel grade, the control parameter in each cool cycles water route when off-line simulation is found out casting blank surface temperature and met target temperature, choose the control parameter of corresponding steel grade during cast, dispose the cooling water inflow in each loop according to pulling rate.Yet, no matter adopt that a kind of control method, all there is the shortcoming of two maximums in STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL: 1. the water distribution quantity of each cooling section only changes with casting speed, does not consider the influence of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors (different cooling rate and the speed of rising again) to steel grade two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes (crackle sensitive temperature scope); 2. relatively poor to the working condition adaptability to changes, when pulling rate changed suddenly, two cold water distributions are flip-flop also, caused that the casting blank surface temperature fluctuation is bigger, was easy to generate crack defect.
Dynamic control model is the direction that present metallargist endeavours to study, and its two cold water distribution is not only relevant with pulling rate, and relevant with the variation of technological parameters such as pouring temperature, strand size.When setting up the control model, need to consider the variation of whole process of production technological parameter, calculate casting blank surface temperature second and make comparisons every t with the target surface temperature, according to online each section of adjustment of difference cooling water inflow relatively, make the strand real surface temperature can be fully near the target surface temperature, to obtain good slab quality.Dynamic control model need solve two key issues when production application, and the one, the determining of target surface temperature, the 2nd, model computational speed.The target surface temperature is usually according to the high temperature ductility characteristic (as avoiding two cold low ductility districts etc.) of steel grade and consider that all key elements of two cold water distributions make, and further revises by production practices then and perfect.But owing to do not take into full account relation between steel grade high temperature ductility (two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes) and the different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors (different cooling rate and the speed of rising again), determining of target surface temperature is reasonable inadequately, can not satisfy requirements of actual production.
For fear of the generation of crackle, STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL and dynamic control model all should satisfy following casting blank solidification cooling metallurgical criteria when two cold water distributions: 1. along the throwing direction, the casting blank surface temperature cooldown rate less than 200 ℃/m, the speed of rising again less than 100 ℃/m; 2. the strand surface temperature that enters bending section and aligning section should be avoided the fragility sensitizing range about 700-900 ℃.Obviously, more than two metallurgical criteria have certain defective, promptly do not take into full account the different cooling rate and the influence of speed of rising again to steel grade two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes (austenite transformation temperature scope).As for certain steel grade continuous casting billet, be under the 5 ℃/min condition in cooldown rate, cooling austenite transformation temperature scope is 642-779 ℃; In cooldown rate is under the 10 ℃/min condition, and cooling austenite transformation temperature scope is 645-798 ℃.This explanation is for same steel grade or the big class of steel grade, and cooldown rate is different with the speed of rising again, and its two cold low ductility regional temperature scope moves.In actual production, the different parts of solidified shell has different cooldown rates and the speed of rising again, or the same position of solidified shell also has the different cooldown rates and the speed of rising again constantly in difference.Therefore, at the different parts of solidified shell or solidify the constantly different of cooling, the temperature range in two cold low ductility zones changes, and promptly the crackle sensitive temperature scope of steel grade changes.Therefore, formulate cooling water distribution metallurgical criteria according to two fixing cold low ductility regional temperature scopes, obviously reasonable inadequately.
Summary of the invention
At existing continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature and quality control cooling means above shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature control cooling means, this method can be determined reasonable target surface temperature curve, online adjusting and control each cooling section cooling water inflow to reach the particularly purpose that changes of surface temperature of control base shell variations in temperature is avoided moving the crack defect that causes because of two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes.The present invention can apply in STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL and the dynamic control model.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature and quality control cooling means, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
(1) is determined by experiment the different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors of different steel grade solidified shells and the quantitative relationship of two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes, revises particularly casting blank surface temperature control criterion of two cold water distribution metallurgical criteria in view of the above;
(2) take into full account the influence that steel grade high temperature ductility characteristic (two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes) is subjected to different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors, determine the reasonable target surface temperature curve of steel grade;
(3) in STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL, adopt the water distribution metallurgical criteria of correction and the reasonable target surface temperature curve sophisticated model of concrete steel grade, the control parameter in each cool cycles water route when finding out casting blank surface temperature and meet target temperature by off-line simulation, according to the cooling water inflow in each loop of pulling rate Configuration Online, make casting blank surface temperature more fully near the target surface temperature;
(4) data module of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors of adding and two cold low ductility regional temperature scope quantitative relationships in dynamic control model, calculate the concrete continuous casting and solidifying behavior of strand that obtains by in-circuit emulation, obtain real-time strand two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes thus, according to the two real-time online adjustings of cold low ductility regional temperature scope with control each cooling section cooling water inflow, make casting blank surface temperature avoid actual strand two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes and fully near the target surface temperature to reach the purpose that the control casting blank surface temperature changes.
Described step (1) is to different concrete steel grades or the big class of steel grade, obtain the temperature fall off rate and the temperature recovery speed of its casting blank solidification shell in actual production by simulation calculation, formulate the hot expansibility test experiments of simulation continuous casting cooling procedure in view of the above, obtain the quantitative relationship of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes.
Compared to existing technology, the present invention adopts the water distribution metallurgical criteria of correction and the reasonable target surface temperature curve sophisticated model of concrete steel grade in STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL, make strand temperature (particularly surface temperature) and quality obtain optimum control; In dynamic control model, increase the data module of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and austenite transformation temperature scope (two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes) quantitative relationship, quantitative relationship according to different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes is determined reasonable target surface temperature curve, the relation that takes into full account strand crackle sensitive temperature range under each cooling section cooling water inflow and the different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors is carried out online water distribution, can to base shell variations in temperature particularly surface temperature change and to carry out optimal adjustment and control, avoid the mobile crack defect that causes because of two cold low ductility districts (austenite transformation temperature interval).
Description of drawings
1250 ℃ of certain strand sample thermal expansion (relative elongation dL/L of sample that lower the temperature again of Fig. 1-be warmed up to
0) with the variation of temperature relation (warming and cooling rate be 5 ℃/min);
1250 ℃ of same strand sample thermal expansion (relative elongation dL/L of sample that lower the temperature again of Fig. 2-be warmed up to
0) with the variation of temperature relation (warming and cooling rate be 10 ℃/min).
The specific embodiment
Introduce the present invention in detail below in conjunction with example.
The generation of continuous casting cooling water distribution and slab quality, crack defect is closely related, controls the major control mode that each cooling section cooling water inflow is present continuous casting cooling by casting blank surface temperature.For the relation that takes into full account (being the different cooling rate and the speed of rising again) strand crackle sensitive temperature range under each cooling section cooling water inflow and the different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors is carried out online water distribution, reach the particularly purpose of surface temperature variation of reasonable adjusting and control strand variations in temperature, the present invention mainly comprises the steps:
(1) is determined by experiment the rate temperature change of different steel grades (continuous casting billet) solidified shell and the quantitative relationship of austenite transformation temperature scope (two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes).The big class of different steel grades or steel grade, its austenite transformation temperature scope is different.The big class of same steel grade or steel grade, cooldown rate is different with the speed of rising again, and its austenite transformation temperature scope moves.For a certain concrete steel grade, obtain the temperature fall off rate and the temperature recovery speed of its casting blank solidification shell in actual production by simulation calculation, formulate the hot expansibility test experiments of simulation continuous casting cooling procedure in view of the above, obtain the quantitative relationship that different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and austenite change (mainly being that the cooling austenite changes) temperature range.Fig. 1 is the thermal expansion curve of certain concrete steel grade continuous casting billet that test obtains under two different intensifications and the rate of temperature fall condition with Fig. 2.
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be seen, it is different with rate of temperature fall to heat up, and change has all taken place for the austenite transformation temperature point of same steel grade continuous casting billet and transformetion range (two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes).In addition, we prove by the test experiments of a large amount of Hot Charging of Continuous Casting Slab expansion characters, the big class of different steel grades or steel grade, and under the same test condition, its austenite transformation temperature scope is different.This explanation, for different steel grades (continuous casting billet), the quantitative relationship that its continuous casting and solidifying behavior and austenite change (mainly being that the cooling austenite changes) temperature range also is inequality.
(2) according to the quantitative relationship of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and austenite transformation temperature scope (two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes), revise two cold water distribution metallurgical criteria particularly the casting blank surface temperature control criterion (be that surface temperature is avoided crackle sensitive temperature scope, have different crackle sensitive temperature scopes at different cooling sections, and original each section of crackle sensitive temperature scope is consistent fixing) and determine reasonable target surface temperature curve.Determining with existing method of reasonable target surface temperature curve is similar, promptly according to the high temperature ductility characteristic (avoiding two cold low ductility districts) of steel grade, and consider the actual conditions of two cold water distributions so that strand can be lowered the temperature reposefully and be made, but need take into full account the influence that steel grade high temperature ductility characteristic is moved with different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors.
(3) in STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL, adopt the water distribution metallurgical criteria of correction and the reasonable target surface temperature curve sophisticated model of concrete steel grade, the control parameter in each cool cycles water route when finding out casting blank surface temperature and meet target temperature by off-line simulation, according to the cooling water inflow in each loop of pulling rate Configuration Online, make casting blank surface temperature more fully near the target surface temperature.
(4) data module of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors of adding and two cold low ductility regional temperature scope quantitative relationships in dynamic control model, calculate the different temperature variations (the continuous casting and solidifying behavior that strand is concrete) constantly of acquisition strand different parts or same position by in-circuit emulation, can obtain real-time strand two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes according to above-mentioned data module, according to the two real-time online adjustings of cold low ductility regional temperature scope with control each cooling section cooling water inflow, make casting blank surface temperature avoid actual strand two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes and fully near the target surface temperature to reach the particularly purpose that changes of surface temperature of control base shell variations in temperature.
During concrete the processing, the cooling water inflow in special consideration aligning zone and bending zone is to realize effective control of temperature and quality, because these two zones are comparatively complexity and incidental places of crackle of external force effect.
Aligning zone: in STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL,, revise the regional casting blank surface temperature control criterion of aligning, regulate and the regional cooling water inflow of control aligning based on the quantitative relationship of steel grade austenite transformation temperature scope with different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors.In dynamic control model, the data module that adds different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and austenite transformation temperature scope (two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes) quantitative relationship, in-circuit emulation is calculated the acquisition strand and is entered particularly surface temperature situation of change of the regional strand variations in temperature of aligning, obtain real-time strand two cold low ductility temperature ranges (crackle sensitive temperature scope), in time regulate and control cooling water inflow with the control of realization, make casting blank surface temperature avoid actual crack sensitive temperature scope cooldown rate.
Bending zone: for straight arc casting machine, use the regional metallurgical criteria of aligning, formulate bending zone casting blank surface temperature control criterion.Compare with the aligning zone, strand is bigger in the cooldown rate in bending zone, and solidified shell is thinner, and the shared volume of molten steel is bigger, and temperature recovery speed is also bigger, and the ability of strand opposing external force is relatively poor.In STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL, according to the quantitative relationship of bending zone casting blank solidification behavior and two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes, formulate bending zone casting blank surface temperature control criterion, regulate and the control cooling water inflow; In dynamic control model, the particularly situation of surface temperature variation of bending zone strand variations in temperature that obtains is calculated in in-circuit emulation, obtain real-time strand two cold low ductility temperature ranges, in time regulate and control cooling water inflow with the control of realization, make the solidified shell temperature be controlled at steel grade ductility temperature range preferably cooldown rate.
In addition, in actual production, the different parts of solidified shell has different cooldown rates and the speed of rising again, or the same position of solidified shell also has the different cooldown rates and the speed of rising again constantly in difference.Therefore, at the different parts of solidified shell or solidify the constantly different of cooling, two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes change, and promptly the crackle sensitive temperature scope of steel grade changes.Determine concrete steel grade (continuous casting billet) reasonable target surface temperature curve according to the quantitative relationship of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes, improve STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL and dynamic control model, and by simulation calculation judgement thermal stress (casting blank solidification shrinks and causes) and mechanical stress (throwing power, bending power and straightening force) than the position that is easy to generate crackle in the solidified shell of big position, wait the purpose that realizes controlling cooldown rate by the cooling water inflow of regulating and control these crackle sensitive parts and the layout of adjusting the horizontal nozzle of strand, avoid cracking defective.
The present invention is mainly used in the continuous casting cooling procedure of molten steel, also can be used for the continuous casting cooling procedure of non-ferrous metal.The present invention is by carrying out testing research to steel grade (continuous casting billet) hot expansibility under difference intensification and the rate of temperature fall condition, obtain the quantitative relationship of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes (austenite transformation temperature interval), be used to revise two cold water distribution metallurgical criteria and definite reasonable target surface temperature curve, improve STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL and dynamic control model.The data module that in dynamic control model, adds different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and austenite transformation temperature scope (two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes) quantitative relationship, further improve and by two cold dynamic control model in-circuit emulations calculate obtain strand different parts or same position different constantly temperature variations and real-time strand two cold low ductility temperature ranges (crackle sensitive temperature scope), online adjusting and control each cooling section cooling water inflow to reach the particularly purpose that changes of surface temperature of control base shell variations in temperature, to the strand variations in temperature particularly surface temperature change and to carry out optimal adjustment and control, make the strand temperature particularly surface temperature avoid actual crack sensitive temperature scope.The present invention can online application on all kinds conticaster.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature and quality control cooling means, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
(1) is determined by experiment the different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors of different steel grade solidified shells and the quantitative relationship of two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes, revises particularly casting blank surface temperature control criterion of two cold water distribution metallurgical criteria in view of the above;
(2) take into full account the influence that steel grade two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes are subjected to different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors, determine the reasonable target surface temperature curve of steel grade;
(3) data module of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors of adding and two cold low ductility regional temperature scope quantitative relationships in dynamic control model, calculate the concrete continuous casting and solidifying behavior of strand that obtains by in-circuit emulation, obtain real-time strand two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes thus, according to the two real-time online adjustings of cold low ductility regional temperature scope with control each cooling section cooling water inflow, make casting blank surface temperature avoid actual strand two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes and fully near the target surface temperature to reach the purpose that the control casting blank surface temperature changes.
2, a kind of continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature and quality control cooling means, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
(1) is determined by experiment the different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors of different steel grade solidified shells and the quantitative relationship of two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes, revises particularly casting blank surface temperature control criterion of two cold water distribution metallurgical criteria in view of the above;
(2) take into full account the influence that steel grade two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes are subjected to different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors, determine the reasonable target surface temperature curve of steel grade;
(3) in STEADYSTATE CONTROL MODEL, adopt the water distribution metallurgical criteria of correction and the reasonable target surface temperature curve sophisticated model of concrete steel grade, the control parameter in each cool cycles water route when finding out casting blank surface temperature and meet target temperature by off-line simulation, according to the cooling water inflow in each loop of pulling rate Configuration Online, make casting blank surface temperature more fully near the target surface temperature.
3, continuous casting billet solidification processing temperature according to claim 1 and 2 and quality control cooling means, it is characterized in that: described step (1) is to different concrete steel grades or the big class of steel grade, obtain the temperature fall off rate and the temperature recovery speed of its casting blank solidification shell in actual production by simulation calculation, formulate the hot expansibility test experiments of simulation continuous casting cooling procedure in view of the above, obtain the quantitative relationship of different continuous casting and solidifying behaviors and two cold low ductility regional temperature scopes.
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| CN102218515A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2011-10-19 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for calculating molten steel solidification and heat transfer process in continuous casting crystallizer |
| CN101704079B (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2012-05-09 | 田陆 | Control method for casting of continuous-cast billet |
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| CN113198996B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-04-05 | 北京科技大学 | Secondary cooling water amount configuration method based on continuous casting billet surface temperature return control |
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