CN101470367A - Carrier particle for developer, developer and image forming apparatus - Google Patents
Carrier particle for developer, developer and image forming apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101470367A CN101470367A CNA2008101894379A CN200810189437A CN101470367A CN 101470367 A CN101470367 A CN 101470367A CN A2008101894379 A CNA2008101894379 A CN A2008101894379A CN 200810189437 A CN200810189437 A CN 200810189437A CN 101470367 A CN101470367 A CN 101470367A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/107—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having magnetic components
- G03G9/1075—Structural characteristics of the carrier particles, e.g. shape or crystallographic structure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1132—Macromolecular components of coatings
- G03G9/1133—Macromolecular components of coatings obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1132—Macromolecular components of coatings
- G03G9/1133—Macromolecular components of coatings obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/1134—Macromolecular components of coatings obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing fluorine atoms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1132—Macromolecular components of coatings
- G03G9/1135—Macromolecular components of coatings obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1132—Macromolecular components of coatings
- G03G9/1135—Macromolecular components of coatings obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- G03G9/1136—Macromolecular components of coatings obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon atoms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/10—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles
- G03G9/113—Developers with toner particles characterised by carrier particles having coatings applied thereto
- G03G9/1139—Inorganic components of coatings
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Carrier particles for a developer used in an image forming apparatus, in which the carrier particles contain a core material containing magnetic particles, and a coating layer formed on a surface of the core material, and the coating layer contains diamond fine particles or diamond-like carbon exposed on a surface of the coating layer.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application based on and require the right of priority and the rights and interests of the U.S. Patent application formerly submitted on Dec 26th, 2007, its full content is hereby expressly incorporated by reference.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the carrier particle for developer, developer and the image processing system that for example when forming image in the electrofax mode, use with duplicating machine and printer etc.
Background technology
Usually, in the image processing system of electrofax mode, use the magnetic brush development mode, promptly form on the magnetic roller in developer by toner particle and the magnetic brush that the charged magnetic carrier particle of toner particle is constituted, and the electrostatic latent image of the sub-image supporting body that nuzzles up, develop then.As the magnetic carrier particle that uses in the magnetic brush development mode, developed coating class carrier, coating class carrier is on the surface by formed core in these magnetics such as iron powder, ferrite and magnetic iron ore being dispersed in resin glue etc. coating to be set to form, and this coating has been considered the charged characteristic to toner.Various coating class carriers are by practical application.
Especially, be provided with resin-coated resinous coat carrier from the teeth outwards, because its charged control characteristic improves, and environment interdependence and having improved temporal stability, so be widely used.For example can use vibrin, fluorine-type resin, acrylic resin and silicon resinoid in the resinous coat.
But,, can not make toner fully stably charged even use the occasion of such resinous coat carrier.Long-term use can make resinous coat break away from, so because the charged bad image quality decline that makes.In addition, the toner composition that release agent and charge control agent etc. can take place is attached to exhausting phenomenon etc., resin-coated afunction on the carrier.Resin-coated disengaging like this (coating disengaging) causes charged bad or exhaust phenomenon, to such an extent as to disperse or image blurring at the development section generation toner of image processing system.
As the countermeasure that coating breaks away from, adopted the modification method of material face.For example, in the open 2005-315907 communique of Jap.P., disclose use acrylic ester monomer multipolymer and made coating material.
As the countermeasure that suppresses to exhaust phenomenon etc., can enumerate the release property that improves coating.But generally speaking, coating material that release property is high and the bad adhesion between the core break away from easily.Therefore, having studied by for example modified silicone resin or having carried out silane coupled processing etc. makes it take into account release property and cohesiveness two aspects simultaneously.
For example, Jap.P. disclose disclose in the flat 2-33159 communique use silicones and certain material compound as coating material.But because poor with the intermiscibility of silicones, it is inhomogeneous that coating becomes, and therefore is difficult to obtain charged stability.
In addition, in the open 2004-45773 communique of Jap.P., disclose by in coating, importing fullerene or carbon nano-tube is improved charged stability and permanance.But, but have the problem that can not obtain sufficient release property.
In recent years, require to reduce discarded object hand and foot, the carrier that will use up cleans and utilization again so studied.But, if coating breaks away from, just be necessary to make all coatings to break away from, coating once more after the cleaning.Because coating expends cost again, so break away from order to suppress coating, if use the material of having sacrificed release property and having exhausted phenomenon easily, this just need carry out high-frequency cleaning.But when the material that uses up was cleaned, coating also sustained damage, and therefore was difficult to tolerate and utilized required repeated washing again.
Permanance except such carrier particle self, as carrier particle, also be necessary to meet the following conditions: when contacting with photoreceptor, as far as possible not to the photosensitive surface stress application, even adhere at carrier particle, in the step of transfer printing beyond the first-class development of photoreceptor, also need not damage photoreceptor and transfer belt etc.
The height that is accompanied by image becomes more meticulous and the small particle diameterization of the toner that produces causes can not removing the toner of micro mist shape or the adjuvant of toner fully with the photoreceptor clearer.Therefore, the toner that is necessary the non-image portion on the photoreceptor that will remain in development section is recovered in the developer.In addition, be accompanied by the miniaturization of electro-photography apparatus, do not use the cleaner-less processing of photoreceptor clearer also to be utilized widely.In cleaner-less is handled, the recovery ability of the toner when needing non-the development especially.
Fringe point by will being formed on the magnetic brush that is made of toner particle and carrier particle on the magnetic roller in the developer can improve the recovery ability near photoreceptor.But as mentioned above, if make a large amount of contact of the fringe point photoreceptor of the magnetic brush that is made of carrier particle, then the stress to photosensitive surface increases.In order to reduce stress, be necessary to improve the release property and the sliding of carrier particle to photosensitive surface.
Like this, just require to improve the release property of coating material of carrier particle and permanance etc.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, according to an embodiment of the invention, provide a kind of carrier particle for developer, comprising: core, contain magnetic particle; And coating, be formed on the surface of described core, and expose diamond particle or diamond like carbon at coating surface.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a kind of developer is provided, comprising: carrier particle and toner particle, wherein, carrier particle comprises: core, contain magnetic particle; And coating, be formed on the surface of described core, and expose diamond particle or diamond like carbon on the surface of coating.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a kind of image processing system is provided, on offset medium, form image by the toner particle, comprising: the image carrier that is formed with electrostatic latent image; And developer, be used for making it charged by stirring described toner particle and carrier particle, and with on the electrostatic latent image of described toner particle attached to described image carrier, then develop, wherein, described carrier particle comprises: core, contain magnetic particle; And coating, be formed on the surface of described core, and expose diamond particle or diamond like carbon on the surface of coating.
Should be understood that top generality is described and following detailed all is exemplary with indicative, do not limit the present invention.
Description of drawings
Be incorporated into this part that also constitutes instructions annexed drawings set forth the specific embodiment of the present invention and instructions, and be used to explain principle of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the synoptic diagram based on the image processing system of 4 in-line processing of one embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the composition of developer of expression embodiment of embodiment of the present invention and comparative example and the table of evaluation result;
Fig. 3 shows the charged controlling agent addition interdependence of toner charged characteristic according to based on sample 2,8 and 20 and the measurement result of the carried charge of comparative example 1 and 3;
Fig. 4 shows the charged controlling agent addition interdependence based on the toner charged characteristic of the evaluation result of sample 1～4,5,8,14 and 18;
Fig. 5 shows the diamond particle amount interdependence of the toner charged characteristic that obtains based on the measurement result of sample 5～23;
Fig. 6 shows the synoptic diagram of electrophotographic printer;
Fig. 7 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of photoreceptor photographic fog toner (photographic fog amount);
Fig. 8 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of consumption level;
Fig. 9 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of the amount of subduing of photoreceptor;
Figure 10 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of carrier particle adhesion amount;
Figure 11 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of the photographic fog amount of following cleaning;
Figure 12 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of the carrier particle adhesion amount on the photoreceptor of following cleaning;
Figure 13 shows the synoptic diagram of the electrophotographic printer of handling based on cleaner-less;
Figure 14 shows the gap interdependence that reclaims residual toner concentration, and this gap is meant the gap between developer roll and the photoreceptor; And
Figure 15 shows the gap interdependence of the surfaceness of photoreceptor, and this gap is meant the gap between developer roll and the photoreceptor.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawings embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
The carrier particle for developer of present embodiment comprises: core, contain magnetic particle; And coating, be formed on the core surface, and exposed diamond particle or diamond like carbon at coating surface.
The core that contains magnetic particle uses the resin particle of magnetic particles such as having sneaked into ferrite (ferrite), magnetic iron ore (magnetite) and iron oxide or magnetic powder.Wherein, surface, shape and resistance etc. for the influential core of carrier characteristics after control forms coating easily preferably use the ferrite particle.
The particle diameter of such core is preferably at 20 μ m～50 μ m.If less than 20 μ m, then the magnetic force of a particle is little, so easily from the developer carrier disengaging and attached on the photoreceptor.On the other hand, if greater than 50 μ m, the magnetic brush hardening, the bristle vestige of magnetic brush is apparent on the image, is difficult to carry out fine and close toner and supplies with.Be more preferably at 25 μ m～40 μ m.
Be formed at the coating on the surface of core, preferably cover the whole surface of core.As long as but have as functions such as the charged and release properties of giving of coating, a part is uncovered, for example, when the formation coating, become the supporting surface (point) of core and the zone that is not capped etc.
The average film thickness of preferred such coating is 0.3 μ m～5 μ m.If less than 0.5 μ m, then be difficult to obtain stable charged control characteristic and mar proof etc.In addition, if surpass 3 μ m, then charging property descends.Be more preferably in the scope of 0.5 μ m～3 μ m.
Diamond particle that is called as Nano diamond that uses in the coating is the particle with advantages of good abrasion and release property.Diamond particle is distributed in the resin with the state that a part is exposed to the surface, and covers the core surface.
As resin, can use plastics, thermoplastic elastomer or contain the elastic body of rubber.For example, preferably use acrylic resin, fluorine-type resin, silicones, melamine resinoid, polyurethanes resin and polyurethane elastomer etc.
The content of diamond particle is preferably 0.1wt%～20wt% in the resin.If content surpasses 20wt%, just can not obtain sufficient chargeding performance.If content is very few, then diamond particle can not expose fully on the surface and buried, thereby can not obtain sufficient mar proof and release property.Be more preferably at 1wt%～10wt%.
The coating that contains diamond particle in resin so for example can form by following method: add diamond particle in the solution that has diluted resin, with stirrings such as bowl mill, and will modulate the dispersion liquid that forms thus and be applied on the core.For example can use the apparatus for coating of fluidized bed type, be coated with while heat.At this moment, by adjusting coating speed or coating repeatedly, can change the thickness of coating.Can use other method such as infusion process, spraying process, spread coating and kneading (kneading) method etc.Be not only the damp process that uses solution, also can use the dry process of overlay tree cosmetics.
By using such coating that in resin bed, comprises diamond particle, can improve the permanance of coating, can improve the lubricity of carrier particle simultaneously.And, can improve charged characteristic to the toner particle.
In addition, employed diamond like carbon as agraphitic carbon (below note make DLC) is the material with advantages of good abrasion and permanance in coating.The DLC film can pass through CVD, and (Chemical Vapor Deposition: chemical vapor deposition) film forming of method etc. is handled and at the core surface filming.At this moment, the core surface can not covered fully yet.Though the DLC film just can be brought into play the function as coating fully under the individual layer situation, also can be multilayer.By forming multilayer, can cover when forming coating the zone that is not capped as the supporting surface (point) of core, so almost the core surface all can be covered.
Can improve the low frictional properties of carrier particle by using such coating that contains the DLC film.Because the DLC film is the inorganic structure that does not use solvent, so when recycle, can easily clean the toner that uses up.In addition, owing to be by the surface filming at core such as CVD method, so can improve the permanance of coating securely attached to the surface of core.In this wise, owing to clean easily, permanance is good, and institute is so that semi-permanent circulation becomes possibility.Therefore,, can reduce environmental pressure in the long term, cut operating costs although when film forming, expend manufacturing cost.In addition, can improve charged characteristic.
The carrier particle with the coating that contains diamond particle or DLC like this, sub-property height generally is considered to power.That is to say, when frictional electrification, make the charged ability in object negative polarity ground higher.In recent years the majority in the electro-photography apparatus uses the toner of charging property as negative polarity, if therefore use coating of the present invention, compatibility is just very good.
Such carrier particle and toner particle are used to image as two-component developing agent jointly and form.The toner particle is made of resin glue, colorant and release agent etc.
As resin glue, can use vibrin, styrene resin, styrene-propene acid resin etc.As colorant, can use known pigment, dyestuff etc., as carbon black, condensation polycyclic class pigment, azo class pigment, phthalocyanine pigment and inorganic pigment.Can also use in addition ester type waxes etc. release agent, be used to control the frictional electrification quantity of electric charge containing metal azo-compound etc. charged controlling agent (CCA) or with the inorganic fine particles of the silica that stabilizes to purpose, alumina and the titanium dioxide etc. of mobile, charging property and keeping characteristic and organic particle etc.These can use known composition by formation such as comminuting method or chemical method for makings.
The volume average particle size of such toner particle is preferably 3 μ m～7 μ m.If less than 3 μ m, then in case give each toner particle, will make the carried charge with unit weight become excessive only by the quantity of electric charge of electric field controls, be difficult to obtain desired development amount.In addition, if greater than 7 μ m, the then repeatability of precise image and graininess deterioration.Be more preferably 4 μ m～6 μ m.
Use such developer, can form by the image of for example 4 tandem electrofax processing etc. to handle and form image.
Fig. 1 shows the synoptic diagram based on the image processing system of 4 in-line intermediate transfer modes.As shown in Figure 1, dispose: developer contains the various toner particles and the carrier particle of yellow, magenta, cyan and black respectively; And image formation unit 20
Y, 20
M, 20
CWith 20
K, comprise as the photoreceptor of image carrier and charged, exposure, transfer device.Each image formation unit 20
Y, 20
M, 20
CWith 20
KHas photoreceptor 21 respectively with on the intermediate transfer belt 10 contacted positions as image carrier (electrostatic latent image supporting body)
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
K, photoreceptor 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KForming outer peripheral face can be to identical direction rotation.As photoreceptor, can use known photoreceptors such as positively charged or electronegative OPC (Organic Photoconductor, Organophotoreceptor) and amorphous silicon.
Be provided with intermediate transfer belt 10, will be by each photoreceptor 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KFormed each color image is according to direction of arrow conveyance among the figure.Intermediate transfer belt 10 carries out motion from beginning to end towards the direction of arrow with fixed speed, each image formation unit 20
Y, 20
M, 20
CWith 20
KConveyance direction along intermediate transfer belt 10 is disposed in upright arrangemently.
Each photoreceptor 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KOn be connected with respectively be not illustrated be used to make each photoreceptor 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KRolling motor (drum motor) with predetermined peripheral speed rotation.Each photoreceptor 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KAxis be configured to vertical with the direction by intermediate transfer belt 10 conveyance images.Each photoconductor drum 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KBe configured between the axis uniformly-spaced.
At each photoreceptor 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KAround, respectively along the photoreceptor 21 of correspondence
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KSense of rotation dispose charged device 22 respectively as Charging system
Y, 22
M, 22
CWith 22
K, as the developer 23 that comprises magnetic roller etc. of developing apparatus
Y, 23
M, 23
CWith 23
K, as the primary transfer roller 24 of transfer device
Y, 24
M, 24
CWith 24
KAnd as the clearer 25 of cleaning plant
Y, 25
M, 25
CWith 25
K
In addition, each primary transfer roller 24
Y, 24
M, 24
CWith 24
KBe set at the inboard of intermediate transfer belt 10, with corresponding photoconductor drum 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KBetween the position of clamping intermediate transfer belt 10.
For at each photoreceptor 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KPeriphery on form the electrostatic latent image that is decomposed by look, dispose the exposure device 26 of illuminating laser beam
Y, 26
M, 26
CWith 26
KThese exposure devices 26
Y, 26
M, 26
CWith 26
KBe configured in charged device 22 respectively
Y, 22
M, 22
CWith 22
KWith developer 23
Y, 23
M, 23
CWith 23
KBetween photoreceptor 21
Y, 21
M, 21
CWith 21
KOuter peripheral face on, to be formed with exposure station.
In addition, secondary transfer roller 11 contacts with intermediate transfer belt 10, by pass through offset medium 12 between intermediate transfer belt 10 and secondary transfer roller 11, image can be transferred on the offset medium 12 from middle transfer belt 10.In addition, enumerated the example that image formation unit is arranged according to the color sequences of yellow, magenta, cyan and black at this, but this color sequences there is not special qualification.In addition, also can use cleaner-less to handle with clearer.
Use such image processing system to be formed as follows image.At first, charged device 22
YMake photoreceptor 21
YNegativity (-) is charged fully.Exposure device 26
YCarry out exposure, thereby make charged photoreceptor 21 based on image information
YForm electrostatic latent image.Photoreceptor 21
YOn electrostatic latent image by developer 23
YBe reversed development, at photoreceptor 21
YLast formation toner image.
By not shown power supply, to primary transfer roller 24
YApply charged opposite polarity bias voltage (+) with toner.Consequently, by at photoreceptor 21
YWith primary transfer roller 24
YBetween the transfer electric field that forms, photoreceptor 21
YOn toner image by primary transfer on transfer belt 10.Finish the photoreceptor 21 of transfer printing
YBy image carrier clearer 25
YAfter the cleaning, repeat process charged, that expose and develop once more.
At image formation unit 20
YIn when forming toner image, at image formation unit 20
M, 20
CWith 20
KIn also carried out identical processing.Be formed on image formation unit 20
M, 20
CWith 20
KPhotoreceptor on magenta, cyan and black toner image also by primary transfer successively on intermediate transfer belt 10.
The offset medium 12 that conveyance comes from carton (not shown), with toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 10 synchronously, be directed roller (not shown) and send to intermediate transfer belt 10.
On secondary transfer roller 11, apply charged opposite polarity bias voltage (+) with toner by power supply (not shown).Consequently, by the transfer electric field that forms between intermediate transfer belt 10 and secondary transfer roller 11, the toner image on the intermediate transfer belt 10 is transferred on the offset medium 12.By being provided with the fuser (not shown) that is used for photographic fixing and is transferred to the toner on the offset medium 12, and make paper pass through fuser, can obtain the photographic fixing image.
At this moment, a part of toner (residual transfer printing toner) on the transfer belt device 13 that is cleaned that remains in that is not transferred to fully on the offset medium 12 is removed.In addition, in cleaner-less was handled, residual toner was recovered when developing.
Below, the present invention will be described in detail according to embodiment.At first, be formed as follows carrier particle.As core, about 35 μ m～(mean grain size: spherical iron hydrochlorate about 40 μ m) (Mn-Mg-Sr class ferrite) is formed as follows coating to 45 μ m to use particle diameter.
(containing the formation of the coating of DLC film)
Core is imported in the plasma CVD equipment,
Unstrpped gas: C
2H
4/ H
2/ NF
3(throughput ratio: 90/200/400SCCM)
RF power: 100W
Self-bias: 10W
Reaction pressure: 2.5Pa
Condition under, form the DLC film on core surface.Adjusted film formation time at 20 minutes～100 minutes in the scope, the thickness (coating thickness) that makes the DLC film is 0.3 μ m, 0.5 μ m, 3 μ m and 5 μ m, thereby has obtained sample shown in Figure 2 1～4.
In addition, coating thickness is measured by following method: after forming coating on the core surface, carrier particle is embedded in the resin, cuts off then, with SEM (ScanningElectron Microscope: scanning electron microscope) observe tangent plane.At this moment owing to be difficult to be formed uniformly coating, so each carrier particle is measured the thickness at 5 positions at random, and with the mean value of the measurement result of 3 particles as coating thickness.Below identical.
(in resin, containing the formation of the coating of diamond particle)
To dilute 100 parts silicon resinoid (Resin A) and acrylic resin (resin B) respectively, making solid constituent is 5wt%.Diamond particle ((strain) new metals ﹠amp that in Resin A of having diluted and resin B, adds 0.05wt% according to ratio shown in Figure 2; Chemicals system or Sumitomo coal mining industry (strain) system), and mix with bowl mill, thus the modulation dispersion liquid.
Use the apparatus for coating of fluidized bed type, making environment temperature is 100 ℃, with the speed of about 50g/min the dispersion liquid of modulating is coated on the core surface.And,, be the coating of 0.5 μ m thereby formed thickness on the core surface by heating under 250 ℃ temperature 2 hours.
Similarly, the concentration that makes diamond particle is 0.05wt%～40wt%, and the coating speed by adjusting dispersion liquid or be coated with repeatedly, makes coating thickness be respectively 0.5 μ m～5.0 μ m, thereby has obtained sample shown in Figure 2 5～23.
(formation of the coating of comparative example)
As coating, use the silicon resinoid (Resin A) and the acrylic resin (resin B) of monomeric form respectively, similarly be coated on core surface, and heating with the formation of the coating that contains diamond particle.Similarly adjust coating speed, making coating thickness is 0.5 μ m or 0.3 μ m, thereby has obtained comparative example shown in Figure 2 1～3.
Use the such sample 1～23 and the carrier particle of comparative example 1～3, carry out following evaluation.
(the charged controlling agent addition interdependence of toner charged characteristic is estimated)
As the toner particle, use with the pulverizing toner of styrene-propene acid resin, and will be changed to 0wt%, 0.5wt% and 1wt% as the addition of the CrAC (containing the chromium azo dyes) of the charged controlling agent (CCA) of negative charging type with modulation toner particle as principal ingredient.The sample of 180g and the carrier particle of comparative example and adjusted each toner particle of 20g are encased in the plastic bottle, stirred in about 180 seconds by vibrating with hand.Get the test portion (developer) after the stirring, use the carried charge (q/m) of carried charge measure of spread device (E-SPART analyzer) the analytical unit weight that HOSOKAWAMICRON society makes.
Fig. 3 shows the charged controlling agent addition interdependence of toner charged characteristic according to based on sample 2,8 and 20 and the measurement result of the carried charge of comparative example 1 and 3.For the carrier particle that in coating, has used DLC film or diamond particle,, also can give toner particle-stabilised electronegative characteristic even do not add CCA in the toner particle.Can learn, for the carrier particle that has used diamond particle, sample 8 and 20, be almost do not have between silicon resinoid (Resin A) and the acrylic resin (resin B) significant poor.
On the other hand, for the carrier particle of comparative example, positive polarity ground is not charged having under the state of CCA, can realize electronegative by adding CCA.That is to say that by using the carrier particle of present embodiment, not adding CCA in the toner particle also can be stably electronegative.For example, even break away from from the toner particle or buried under the situation the toner particle, also can obtain stable charged characteristic at CCA.Further, also can use the toner particle of no CCA.This is considered to relevant with the sub-property of adamantine power supply.
Further, Fig. 4 shows the charged controlling agent addition interdependence based on the toner charged characteristic of the evaluation result of sample 1～4,5,8,14 and 18.For the carrier particle that in coating, has used DLC film or diamond particle, the charged characteristic when comparative coatings thickness is respectively 0.5 μ m and 3.0 μ m, as can be known, charged characteristic is no change almost.In addition, as can be known, under the situation of 0.3 μ m and 5.0 μ m,, compare with comparative example 1 and make moderate progress though charged characteristic reduces.
(the diamond particle amount interdependence evaluation of toner charged characteristic)
As the toner particle, with similarly above-mentioned, use with the pulverizing toner of styrene-propene acid resin as principal ingredient, in the condition modulated that does not add CCA the toner particle.With carrier particle and adjusted each toner particle of 20g and above-mentioned similarly being encased in the plastic bottle of 180g sample and comparative example, by vibrating about 180 seconds with hand to stir.With similarly above-mentioned, the test portion (developer) of learning from else's experience and stirring, the carried charge (q/m) of carried charge measure of spread device (E-SPARTanalyzer) the analytical unit weight that use HOSOKAWAMICRON company makes.Like this, do not adding under the state of CCA, estimating charged characteristic based on the toner particle of carrier particle.
Fig. 5 shows the diamond particle amount interdependence of the toner charged characteristic that obtains based on the measurement result of sample 5～23.Do not add the diamond particle period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m, the carried charge of toner particle is 10 μ C/g, and is relative therewith, when addition is 0.05wt%, almost do not have effect.When addition was 0.1wt%～20wt%, the carried charge of toner particle was below-10 μ C/g, had shown the effect that adds.Further, when addition was 40wt%, the absolute value of carried charge diminished, and almost can not get the effect that adds.
For silicon resinoid (Resin A), almost do not obtain significant poor between the about 0.5 μ m of average coating thickness (sample 5～11) and the about 3 μ m (sample 12～17).For acrylic resin (resin B), also obtained the tendency identical with the silicon resinoid.Think that the suitableeest scope of addition of charged characteristic does not exist with ... the kind of coating thickness and resin.
(based on the evaluation of the photographic fog amount of continuous long duration test)
As the toner particle, with similarly above-mentioned, use with the pulverizing toner of styrene-propene acid resin as principal ingredient, the addition of having modulated the CrAC (containing the chromium azo dyes) as CCA is the toner particle of 0wt% and 0.5wt%.The carrier particle and the adjusted toner particle of sample and comparative example are put in the bi-component developer of the electrophotographic printer that uses Organophotoreceptor, under 6% printing rate, carried out the continuous printing test of A4 size.
Fig. 6 shows the synoptic diagram of electrophotographic printer.Photoreceptor 61 is the Organophotoreceptor of the electronegative type of laminated-type.Applying on the photoreceptor 61+voltage of 600V to the+1kV by transfer roll 62, with the toner image transfer printing on paper 63 as final offset medium.Further, by fuser (not shown) with the toner image photographic fixing on paper.The residual toner of transfer printing on the photoreceptor 61 device 64 that is cleaned is removed.
Print so continuously, every printing 20k opens the photographic fog amount of measuring.At first,, paste afterwards and pay to blank sheet of paper, the colour difference meter that uses MINOLTA company to make, mensuration reflectivity with the photographic fog toner on the photoreceptor that glueds joint tape extraction baseline potential.In addition, similarly will glued joint the subsides of tape monomer and pay to blank sheet of paper, measure reflectivity.The difference of these reflectivity is defined as the photographic fog amount.
The photoreceptor photographic fog is few more good more.Under the situation of the toner that is attached with opposite polarity (positively charged),,,, increase useless toner so cause the toner waste because the photographic fog composition is removed by the photoreceptor clearer though on the paper that is transferred, do not show basically.Generally the photographic fog amount is being judged as below 3% well.
Fig. 7 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of photoreceptor photographic fog toner (photographic fog amount).Can learn for the carrier particle that has used DLC film or diamond particle in coating, even implement long long run test, only to have the carrier particle of resiniferous coating and compare with existing, the photographic fog amount has also obtained inhibition.
Existing carrier particle, in general, the photographic fog amount surpasses 3% when about 30k opens, and relative therewith, the carrier particle that has used the DLC film is after 100k opens, and the photographic fog amount also can keep below 3%.This is because as mentioned above, even printing is buried the CCA of toner particle or breaks away from repeatedly, also can carry out stably charged.
For using the carrier particle that in coating, has used DLC film or diamond particle,, also can improve the photoreceptor photographic fog even under the situation that does not add CCA.Though it is few, but the photographic fog amount that has added the side of CCA has obtained inhibition, this be because, even the coating of having used DLC film or diamond particle owing to toner composition etc. attached to deterioration has taken place on the coating, effect by CCA, though few, also can so that charging property kept.
(based on the evaluation of the consumption level (spent level) of continuous long duration test)
Similarly carried out continuous printing test with the evaluation of photographic fog amount, every 20k opens from developer peek gram developer, by inferring the adhesion amount of toner composition from the carbon amount, thereby estimates consumption level.
Fig. 8 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of consumption level.The value of this means is big more, and the toner composition is just more attached to the carrier particle surface.Only have the carrier particle of resiniferous coating and compare with existing, in coating, used the consumption level of the carrier particle of DLC film or diamond particle to be suppressed.That is to say that the toner composition is difficult to adhere to, release property is good.The DLC film in the evaluation of above-mentioned photographic fog amount or the effect of diamond particle also can think to derive from high release property.
According to having or not of CCA, it is significant poor almost to can't see on consumption level.Along with the carrying out that consumes, the effect deterioration of coating though can see the effect of a little adding CCA on the photographic fog amount, is not seen the effect of CCA adding from consumption level.
(based on the evaluation of the amount of subduing of the photoreceptor of continuous long duration test)
With the evaluation of photographic fog amount similarly, carried out continuous printing test, use the every 20k of film thickness meter of eddy current type to open the thickness of measuring photoreceptor, thereby estimate the amount of subduing of photoreceptor.
Fig. 9 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of the amount of subduing of photoreceptor.Only have the carrier particle of resiniferous coating and compare with existing, in coating, used the carrier particle of DLC film or diamond particle can suppress the amount of subduing of photoreceptor.That is to say, the stress of photoreceptor is suppressed.
(based on the evaluation of the carrier particle adhesion amount on the photoreceptor of continuous long duration test)
With the evaluation of photographic fog amount similarly, carried out continuous printing test, every 20k opens when setting baseline potential 80cm on attached to photoreceptor
2On carrier particle count, thereby estimate with respect to the carrier particle adhesion amount on the photoreceptor of blank.
Adhering to mainly of carrier particle takes place when the resistance of carrier descends easily, and becomes an index of the coating disengaged position of expression carrier.If adhering to of carrier particle is many, not only on paper, shows as image deflects (hickie), and can make photoreceptor impaired, so become bigger problem.The adhesion amount of carrier particle is few more good more, and stably is controlled at every 80cm on the photoreceptor
2Be to get final product below 12.
Figure 10 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of carrier particle adhesion amount.Especially, for the carrier particle that has used the DLC film in coating, do not change fully even print also repeatedly, in 100k opened, the adhesion amount of carrier particle all maintained below 5.That is to say that coating is with respect to the close property height of core, the coating of carrier particle does not almost break away from.
Only have the carrier particle of resiniferous coating and compare with existing, in coating, used the adhesion amount of the carrier particle of diamond particle to be suppressed.This be because, though owing to the resin that is used for coating is identical coating is not improved with respect to the close property of core itself, owing to being dispersed with diamond particle, and raising release property and sliding.That is to say that the mechanical stress that is applied on the carrier has been subjected to control, coating is difficult to break away from, and adhering to of carrier particle is suppressed.Do not find to have or not in the toner the big influence that adds CCA and cause herein, yet.
According to these evaluations based on continuous long duration test, by using the carrier particle of present embodiment,, also can make toner charged characteristic long-term stability even in the toner particle, do not add CCA, can keep high image quality.Further,, can make the toner charged characteristic more stable, can improve the degree of freedom of toner design significantly by in the toner particle, adding CCA.
(having used the evaluation of cleaning performance of the carrier particle of DLC film)
The carrier particle of the sample 2 of DLC film has been used in use in coating, similarly by printing the carrier particle adhesion amount on test determination photographic fog amount and the photoreceptor continuously.After printing 150k opens, use screen cloth that the toner particle is separated from developer with carrier particle.With the solvent cleaning of separated carrier particle with hexafluoroisopropanol or dichloro-benzenes etc., after the drying, once more with separated toner mix particles, thus regenerated developer.Similarly use the developer of being regenerated by printing the carrier particle adhesion amount on test determination photographic fog amount and the photoreceptor continuously.This repeatable operation is opened paper to accumulative total 450k.
Figure 11 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of the photographic fog amount of following cleaning.Carry out cleaning after 150k opens continuous printing test, return to the level at initial stage.Then carry out 150k again and open continuous printing test, the photographic fog amount similarly increases with the test findings of opening from the A-stage to 150k.Similarly clean carrier particle once more, return to the photographic fog level at initial stage.
Figure 12 shows pressure test period (printing number) interdependence of the carrier particle adhesion amount on the photoreceptor of following cleaning.The carrier particle adhesion amount is irrelevant with cleaning, since almost not variation of initial stage.Even the cleaning carrier particle, coating does not break away from yet, and has just removed attachment.
According to these results, as long as clean carrier particle, just can return to the photographic fog level at initial stage, the carrier particle adhesion amount does not change yet, and therefore by cleaning, makes the utilization again of semi-permanent carrier particle become possibility.
(evaluation that cleaner-less is handled)
(recovery ability assessment)
Figure 13 shows the synoptic diagram of the electrophotographic printer of handling based on cleaner-less.On the point that does not have clearer of photoreceptor 131, different with electrophotographic printer shown in Figure 6.The residual toner particle of transfer printing is recovered in the developer 133 that comprises developer roll 132.For the residual toner particle of transfer printing is recovered in the developer 133, make the residual toner particle of transfer printing charged by corona charging device 134, on development section, apply highfield afterwards, developer contacts with photoreceptor 131 and by record mechanically.
The ability that the toner particle is recovered to developer when using such electrophotographic printer evaluation change developer roll and the gap between the photoreceptor.At this moment, with similarly above-mentioned, use the developer of the carrier particle of the toner particle that is mixed with the CCA that in the pulverizing toner of styrene-propene acid resin, has added 0.5wt% and sample 2,6 and comparative example 1 as principal ingredient.
In transfer printing portion, do not apply bias voltage, at 1cm
2About area on, the half tone image of area occupation ratio 50% is remained on the photoreceptor.Remaining image is not eliminated, but directly electronegative by corona charging device 134.Make photoreceptor be-500V, the development bias voltage is-150V, is recovered in the developer 133, extracts the toner particle that remains on the photoreceptor 131 with glueing joint tape afterwards.
The toner particle that extracts is attached on the blank sheet of paper, measures reflection density than thinking reflection of the concentration with Mike.In addition, similarly, the splicing tape monomer is attached on the blank sheet of paper, measures reflection density.With differing from of these reflection densities as reclaiming residual toner concentration.In addition, under the condition that reclaims without developer 133, reclaiming residual toner concentration is 0.7, and reclaiming residual toner concentration when all being reclaimed is 0.The peripheral speed of developer roll 132 and photoreceptor 131 is 2:1 than when equidirectional, is 1:1 when reciprocal.
Figure 14 shows the gap interdependence that reclaims residual toner concentration, and this gap is meant the gap between developer roll and the photoreceptor.Can see and comparing when equidirectional with rotating to be of developer roll and photoreceptor, developer roll and photoreceptor rotate to be in the other direction the time the residual toner concentration of recovery low, the recovery ability height of developer.In any occasion, if the gap greater than 500 μ m about, the ability that then reclaims sharply descends.
Only have the carrier particle of resiniferous coating (comparative example 1) and compare with existing, carrier particle (sample 6) for carrier particle (sample 2) that uses the DLC film and use diamond particle, though few, can see the tendency that the recovery ability increases.
(based on the evaluation of the photosensitive body surface surface roughness of continuous long duration test)
Use same electrophotographic printer, the surfaceness of the photoreceptor when estimating the gap that changes between developer roll and the photoreceptor.Use and reclaim the identical developer of ability assessment, similarly carried out continuous printing test, the surfaceness of the photoreceptor after mensuration printing 10k opens with the evaluation of photographic fog amount.At this moment, use the surfaceness meter (SURFCOAT) of contact, measure 10 surfacenesses (Rz).
Figure 15 shows the gap interdependence of the surfaceness of photoreceptor, and this gap is meant the gap between developer roll and the photoreceptor.Have an only carrier particle of resiniferous coating (comparative example 1) for existing, the gap is when 500 μ m are following, and the surfaceness of photoreceptor sharply raises.Relative therewith, for the carrier particle that has used the DLC film (sample 2) with used the carrier particle (sample 6) of diamond particle, do not see big change.
Observe according to above result, in cleaner-less is handled, in development section, form based on carrier go out fringe (magnetic brush), when the height of fringe is 40 μ m for making part carrier particle diameter about 13 compact arranged 500 μ m of particle.Under the gap was situation below the 500 μ m, the fringe point of magnetic brush became the state of contact photoreceptor.According to mechanical record effect, if the gap below 500 μ m, the recovery ability of toner raises, on the other hand because the fringe of magnetic brush point contact photoreceptor, so photosensitive surface is roughened.
Therefore, used the carrier particle of good DLC film of sliding or diamond particle,, still can reduce stress photoreceptor although developer and photoreceptor are contacted in order in development section, to reclaim the toner on the photoreceptor by application.That is to say, in the cleaner-less that does not use cleaning blade (blade) is handled, when improving the recovery ability, can suppress the roughening of photosensitive surface further.Therefore, can realize the long lifetime of photoreceptor.
Consider instructions of the present invention and practice disclosed herein, other embodiment of the present invention is apparent to one skilled in the art.This instructions and embodiment only are intended to as example, and have explained actual range of the present invention and spirit in claims.
Claims (20)
1. carrier particle for developer comprises:
Core contains magnetic particle; And
Coating is formed on the surface of described core, and exposes diamond particle or diamond like carbon on the surface of described coating.
2. carrier particle for developer according to claim 1, wherein,
The thickness of described coating is 0.3 μ m～5 μ m.
3. carrier particle for developer according to claim 1, wherein,
The thickness of described coating is 0.5 μ m～3 μ m.
4. carrier particle for developer according to claim 1, wherein,
Described coating comprise with diamond particle be dispersed in the resin the layer.
5. carrier particle for developer according to claim 4, wherein,
Described resin comprises any one among acrylic resin, fluorine-type resin, silicon resinoid, melamine resinoid, polyurethanes resin and the polyurethane elastomer.
6. carrier particle for developer according to claim 4, wherein,
The content of described diamond particle in the described resin is 0.1wt%～20wt%.
7. carrier particle for developer according to claim 4, wherein,
On described core, be coated on the dispersion liquid that disperses described diamond particle in the described resin and obtain, form described carrier particle for developer then.
8. carrier particle for developer according to claim 1, wherein,
Described coating comprises the diamond like carbon layer.
9. carrier particle for developer according to claim 8, wherein,
Described diamond like carbon layer forms by the CVD method.
10. carrier particle for developer according to claim 1, wherein,
Described carrier particle is the charged type of negative polarity.
11. carrier particle for developer according to claim 1, wherein,
Described carrier particle is cleaned then and is reused.
12. a developer comprises:
Carrier particle and toner particle,
Wherein, described carrier particle comprises:
Core contains magnetic particle; And
Coating is formed on the surface of described core, and exposes diamond particle or diamond like carbon on the surface of described coating.
13. an image processing system forms image by the toner particle on offset medium, comprising:
Be formed with the image carrier of electrostatic latent image; And
Developer is used for making it charged by stirring described toner particle and carrier particle, and with on the electrostatic latent image of described toner particle attached to described image carrier, develops then,
Wherein, described carrier particle comprises:
Core contains magnetic particle; And
Coating is formed on the surface of described core, and exposes diamond particle or diamond like carbon on the surface of described coating.
14. image processing system according to claim 13, wherein,
The thickness of described coating is 0.3 μ m～5 μ m.
15. image processing system according to claim 13, wherein,
The thickness of described coating is 0.5 μ m～3 μ m.
16. image processing system according to claim 13, wherein,
Described coating comprise with diamond particle be dispersed in the resin the layer.
17. image processing system according to claim 13, wherein,
Described coating comprises the diamond like carbon layer.
18. image processing system according to claim 17, wherein,
Described carrier particle is the described carrier particle that has been used for being cleaned after the described development.
19. image processing system according to claim 13, wherein,
When described development, the described toner particle that uses described carrier particle will remain on the described image carrier is recovered in the described developer.
20. image processing system according to claim 19, wherein,
Described developer has and the opposed developer roll of described image carrier,
Gap between described developer roll and the described image carrier is below the 500 μ m.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US1673507P | 2007-12-26 | 2007-12-26 | |
| US61/016,735 | 2007-12-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101470367A true CN101470367A (en) | 2009-07-01 |
Family
ID=40798622
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101894379A Pending CN101470367A (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2008-12-24 | Carrier particle for developer, developer and image forming apparatus |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090169263A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP4990263B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101470367A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103885308A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Electrostatic image developer and image forming apparatus |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8005402B2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2011-08-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Charging device, image forming apparatus and charging method |
| JP2019061096A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-04-18 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Image forming apparatus, developer set, and image forming method |
| WO2023177520A1 (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-09-21 | Dust Identity, Inc. | Producing identity markers by electrostatic printing |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01245266A (en) * | 1988-03-28 | 1989-09-29 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Carrier for electrostatic latent image developer |
| JP4749939B2 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2011-08-17 | 株式会社リコー | Image forming apparatus, image forming method, and process cartridge |
-
2008
- 2008-12-22 US US12/341,887 patent/US20090169263A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-12-24 CN CNA2008101894379A patent/CN101470367A/en active Pending
- 2008-12-26 JP JP2008334030A patent/JP4990263B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103885308A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-25 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Electrostatic image developer and image forming apparatus |
| CN103885308B (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2018-11-02 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Electrostatic charge image developer and image forming apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4990263B2 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
| JP2009157382A (en) | 2009-07-16 |
| US20090169263A1 (en) | 2009-07-02 |
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