CN101469624A - Exhausting system and straddle type vehicle - Google Patents
Exhausting system and straddle type vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN101469624A CN101469624A CNA2008101894218A CN200810189421A CN101469624A CN 101469624 A CN101469624 A CN 101469624A CN A2008101894218 A CNA2008101894218 A CN A2008101894218A CN 200810189421 A CN200810189421 A CN 200810189421A CN 101469624 A CN101469624 A CN 101469624A
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- expansion chamber
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Abstract
The present invention provides an air exhaust system and a bestride type vehicle, wherein the air exhaust system comprises an expansion chamber connected with the exhaust pipe extended from the engine thereby maintaining the required performance and simultaneously restricting the increase of bestride type vehicle. The air exhaust system (100) installed in the motorcycle comprises a recycling pipe (130) communicated with an air exhaust chamber (120). The recycling pipe (130) comprises the following components: a first pipe part (131) extending from the air exhaust chamber (120) to the outside of air exhaust chamber (120), and a second pipe part (132) communicated with the first pipe part (131) and the air exhaust chamber (120). The air exhaust chamber (120) comprises a connecting part (122) which causes the first pipe part (131) and the exhaust pipe (110) to communicate with each other.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vent systems and the Straddle-type vehicle that comprises this vent systems, wherein vent systems comprises and expansion chamber that is connected from the extended outlet pipe of motor and the baffler that is connected with expansion chamber.
Background technique
By convention, have the structure that has been widely adopted such as the Straddle-type vehicle of motorcycle, wherein every kind of structure all motor to installing of baffler midway for example be called as the expansion chamber (as referring to patent documentation 1) of exhaust chamber.Will in exhaust chamber, expand by being connected to the waste gas that the waste pipe road is discharged.
After exhaust chamber has been installed, can reduce exhaust noise.In addition, exhaust chamber is installed in motor to baffler midway, can reduce the size of baffler.More specifically, the entire length that can reduce vent systems behind the exhaust chamber so is set.
Member is set, such as a part and the catalyst member that is used for purifying exhaust air in the exhaust chamber from the extended outlet pipe of motor.
Patent documentation 1: Japanese uncensored patent application gazette No.10-238332 (the 4th page, Fig. 1)
Summary of the invention
Yet above-mentioned conventional exhaust systems is brought the problem of the following stated.Under the vent systems that comprises expansion chamber (exhaust chamber) is set at situation on the less Straddle-type vehicle (engine displacement is 200 cubic centimetres or littler), existence can not be guaranteed the problem of the total length of vent systems abundance, and therefore is difficult to guarantee to improve the performance of vent systems; More specifically, be difficult to guarantee to reduce exhaust noise and improve engine power.
The present invention is In view of the foregoing proposed, and the purpose of this invention is to provide vent systems and the Straddle-type vehicle that comprises this vent systems, wherein vent systems comprises the expansion chamber that is connected with the extended outlet pipe of motor, thus the increase of restriction Straddle-type vehicle size when keeping desired properties.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention has following characteristics.According to feature of the present invention, vent systems comprises: the outlet pipe that is connected with the motor that produces the Straddle-type vehicle driving force, communicate with outlet pipe and expansion chamber, the baffler that communicates with expansion chamber of the waste gas of the engine emission that expands and the recirculation conduit that communicates with expansion chamber.Recirculation conduit comprises first pipe section and second pipe section, and first pipe section extends to the expansion chamber outside from expansion chamber, and second pipe section communicates with first pipe section and expansion chamber; And expansion chamber comprises the connected part that first pipe section and outlet pipe are communicated with each other in expansion chamber.
According to feature of the present invention, vent systems and the Straddle-type vehicle that comprises this vent systems can be provided, wherein vent systems limits the increase of Straddle-type vehicle size when keeping desired properties.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the left side view of the motorcycle 10 of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the right side view of motorcycle 10 under removing the state that comprises some assemblies in covering on as vehicle body of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the overall perspective view of the vent systems 100 of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the exhaust chamber 120 of the embodiment of the invention and the perspective view of recirculation conduit 130;
Fig. 5 is the exhaust chamber 120 of the embodiment of the invention and the plan view of recirculation conduit 130;
Fig. 6 is the schematic representation that the present invention improves the exhaust chamber 120A of example;
Fig. 7 is the schematic representation that the present invention improves the exhaust chamber 120B of example;
Fig. 8 is the schematic representation that the present invention improves the exhaust chamber that is connected to recirculation conduit 130C 120 of example.
Embodiment
The embodiment of Straddle-type vehicle of the present invention is described below with reference to accompanying drawings.More specifically, description will be referred to: the ordinary construction of (1) Straddle-type vehicle integral body, the structure of (2) vent systems, (3) effect and advantage and (4) other embodiment.
In the accompanying drawings, same or analogous label is represented same or analogous part.Yet accompanying drawing is schematically, so it should be understood that for example the ratio of each size is different with the actual size ratio.
Therefore, for example actual size should be determined with reference to following description.Certainly, even between accompanying drawing, also there be for example relative size relation part different with the relative size ratio.
(1) ordinary construction of Straddle-type vehicle integral body
Fig. 1 is the left side view as the motorcycle 10 of embodiment's example of Straddle-type vehicle of the present invention.To be motorcycle 10 removing the right side view that comprises as under the state of some assemblies of vehicle body cover (not shown) to Fig. 2.
See figures.1.and.2, motorcycle 10 comprises front-wheel 20 and trailing wheel 90.Motorcycle 10 drives trailing wheel 90 by the driving force of using motor 40 to produce.
Motor 40 is the single-cylinder four-stroke formula.Simultaneously, motor 40 is air cooling, little displacement.Motor 40 is installed on the vehicle body frame 30 of the framework that forms motorcycle 10.
In addition, vent systems 100 is connected on the motor 40.More specifically, outlet pipe 110 is connected on the cylinder head 40a of motor 40.
The waste gas of discharging from motor 40 by outlet pipe 110 expands exhaust chamber 120, and exhaust chamber 120 is the shape of box like.According to the present invention, exhaust chamber 120 constitutes expansion chamber.
Baffler 190 is positioned at the rearward end of vent systems 100.More specifically, baffler 190 is arranged on the right side of trailing wheel 90.Waste gas discharges from exhaust outlet 190a.
(2) structure of vent systems
The structure of vent systems 100 below will be described.More specifically, the structure of unitary construction, exhaust chamber 120 (expansion chamber) of vent systems 100 and the structure of the recirculation conduit that communicates with exhaust chamber 120 below will be described.
(2.1) unitary construction
Fig. 3 is the overall perspective of vent systems 100.With reference to Fig. 3, vent systems 100 comprises outlet pipe 110, exhaust chamber 120, recirculation conduit 130, connecting tube part 180 and baffler 190.
Connecting tube part 180 communicates with the lateral edge portions 120Rb of exhaust chamber 120.Baffler 190 communicates with connecting tube part 180.More specifically, baffler 190 communicates with exhaust chamber 120 by connecting tube part 180.
(2.2) structure of expansion chamber
Fig. 4 constitutes the exhaust chamber 120 of expansion chamber of the present invention and the perspective view of recirculation conduit 130.The internal structure of exhaust chamber 120 wherein, has been shown among Fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 4, the catalyst member 121 that is used for purifying the waste gas of discharging from motor 40 (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) is arranged on box-like exhaust chamber 120.Catalyst member 121 is connected to outlet pipe 110.Passed the waste gas of outlet pipe 110 inside by catalyst member 121 guiding.
Connected part 122 communicates with catalyst member 121.Connected part 122 also communicates with recirculation conduit 130, more specifically, communicates with first pipe section 131.
Form opening 122a on the connected part 122.More specifically, behind catalyst member 121, form opening 122a immediately.In the present embodiment, opening 122a is formed on the upper surface of connected part 122.In addition, the opening (not shown) identical opening 122a and be formed on the lower surface of connected part 122 relatively with opening 122a.That is, form two openings on the connected part 122.
(2.3) structure of recirculation conduit
As shown in Figure 4, recirculation conduit 130 comprises first pipe section 131, second pipe section 132 and Returning pipe part 133.
Returning pipe part 133 is connected to second pipe section 132 with first pipe section 131.Thereby the waste gas by first pipe section 131 is drawn towards second pipe section 132 by Returning pipe part 133.
Outer peripheral portion around projection 141 forms a plurality of exhaust port 141a.Exhaust port 141a is circle, and forms around the outer peripheral portion of projection 141.Waste gas is discharged in the exhaust chamber 120 by exhaust port 141a.
In the present embodiment, the forward position part of projection 141 is closed.More specifically, cap 142 is installed on the forward position part of projection 141.
Fig. 5 is the planimetric map of exhaust chamber 120 and recirculation conduit 130.As shown in Figure 5, by being arranged on catalyst member 121 and the connected part 122 the exhaust chamber 120, be directed to recirculation conduit 130 from motor 40 (referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) exhaust gas discharged from outlet pipe 110.The waste gas that imports in the recirculation conduit 130 is discharged in the exhaust chamber 120 by the projection 141 that is arranged in the exhaust chamber 120.The waste gas that is discharged into exhaust chamber 120 and expands therein is directed to baffler 190 by connecting tube part 180.
The exhaust passage P that is formed by Returning pipe part 133 is a dome-shaped.The radius of curvature of exhaust passage P (radius of curvature R) is greater than 1/2nd of the distance (width W) between the outboard end 132a (relative with outboard end 131a) of the outboard end 131a of first pipe section 131 and second pipe section 132.
According to the present invention, in order easily to process the Returning pipe part 133 with radius of curvature R, Returning pipe part 133 has adopted two chip architectures that comprise upper and lower part (not shown).More specifically, Returning pipe part 133 is not the bending process formation by tubing, but forms by the welding upper and lower part.
In addition, Returning pipe part 133 along the direction setting of radius of curvature R in one plane.More specifically, from the planimetric map of vent systems 100, observe, Returning pipe part 133 is arranged on by among the formed regional A1 of the two end portions of exhaust chamber 120, or more specifically, by from lateral edge portions 120Lb and 120Rb to the elongation line L1 and the formed regional A1 of L2 that extend motorcycle 10 front sides.
In the present embodiment, the internal diameter φ 3 of connected part 122 is greater than the internal diameter φ 1 of outlet pipe 110.In addition, the internal diameter φ 4 of connecting tube part 180 is greater than the internal diameter φ 3 of connected part 122.That is, satisfy relation: φ 1 (internal diameter)＜φ 3 (internal diameter)＜φ 4 (internal diameter).
In addition, in the present embodiment, the internal diameter φ 3 of connected part 122 is less than the internal diameter φ 2 of catalyst member 121.
(3) effect and advantage
The vent systems of present embodiment (vent systems 100) comprising: the outlet pipe (outlet pipe 110) that is connected with the motor (motor 40) of the driving force that produces Straddle-type vehicle (motorcycle 10), communicate with outlet pipe and make the expansion chamber (exhaust chamber 120) of the waste expansion of engine emission and the baffler (baffler 190) that communicates with expansion chamber.Vent systems 100 comprises the recirculation conduit (recirculation conduit 130) that communicates with expansion chamber.Recirculation conduit comprises from expansion chamber and extends to first pipe section (first pipe section 131) in the expansion chamber outside and second pipe section (second pipe section 132) that communicates with first pipe section and expansion chamber.Expansion chamber comprises the connected part (connected part 122) that first pipe section and outlet pipe are communicated with each other in expansion chamber.
According to vent systems 100, the recirculation conduit 130 that is used for exhaust gas recirculation is returned exhaust chamber 120 is arranged on exhaust chamber 120 outsides.Therefore, can easily ensure exhaust passage P with necessary length.In addition, recirculation conduit 130 is arranged on beyond the exhaust chamber 120.Therefore, compared to being arranged on the situation of 120 li of exhaust chambers, increased the cubical content of exhaust chamber 120 essence with the outlet pipe that recirculation conduit 130 has an equal length.Therefore, improved the performance that reduces exhaust sound.
More specifically, according to vent systems 100, when having guaranteed required performance, can retrain the increase of motorcycle 10 sizes.For example, supposing to have discharge capacity is to be provided with the vent systems that is similar to conventional exhaust systems on 150 cubic centimetres the scooter 10 of motor 40.In this case, because the exhaust chamber with enough cubical contents can not be provided, limited the effect that reduces exhaust sound.In addition, owing to can not guarantee the entire length that exhaust passage P is enough, will reduce engine power, especially low speed torque.
In addition, heavier exhaust chamber 120 is arranged on the intermediate portion of motorcycle 10 fore-and-aft directions, and is in the lowest part of motorcycle 10.Therefore, the center of gravity of motorcycle 10 reduces, and the stability of advancing, operability etc. are improved.
In addition, vent systems 100 is characterised in that: (direction F) extends first pipe section from expansion chamber along predetermined direction, and second pipe section communicates with expansion chamber from predetermined direction.
The feature of vent systems 100 is that also outlet pipe communicates with expansion chamber from predetermined direction.
More specifically, first pipe section 131 extends forward from exhaust chamber 120, and second pipe section 132 communicates with exhaust chamber 120 from the place ahead.In addition, outlet pipe 110 also communicates with exhaust chamber 120 from the place ahead.Therefore, can further reduce the space of arranging exhaust air system 100.Can further retrain the increase of motorcycle 10 sizes.
The feature of vent systems 100 also is: first pipe section and second pipe section are connected to each other by Returning pipe part (Returning pipe part 133), and the exhaust passage (exhaust passage P) that is partly formed by Returning pipe is for dome-shaped.The radius of curvature of exhaust passage (radius of curvature R) is greater than 1/2nd of the distance (width W) between the outer end (outer end 132a) (relative with the first pipe section outer end) of the outer end (outer end 131a) of first pipe section and second pipe section.
The feature of vent systems 100 also is: along on the plane of radius of curvature direction, Returning pipe partly is arranged in two end portions (lateral edge part 120Lb and 120Rb) from expansion chamber along the formed zone of elongation line (elongation line L1 and L2) (regional A1) that predetermined direction extends.
As mentioned above, the radius of curvature R of exhaust passage P is greater than 1/2nd of the distance (width W) between the outer end 132a of the outer end 131a of first pipe section 131 and second pipe section 132.Therefore, the tortuosity of exhaust passage P is milder, thereby can retrain the increase of exhaust resistance in the Returning pipe 133.In addition, Returning pipe part 133 is arranged among the regional A1.Therefore, can further reduce the space of arranging exhaust air system 100.
The feature of vent systems 100 also is: second pipe section comprises the projection (projection 141) that is projected in the expansion chamber, and wherein the outer peripheral portion at projection forms a plurality of exhaust ports (exhaust port 141a).
The feature of vent systems 100 also is: the forward position part of projection is closed.
The feature of vent systems 100 also is: form one or more openings (opening 122a) on connected part.
As mentioned above, the outer peripheral portion at projection 141 forms a lot of exhaust port 141a.The forward position part of projection 141 is sealed by cap 142.In addition, on connected part 122, form opening 122a.Therefore, can easily set suitable exhaust resistance.More specifically, can easily regulate the output characteristics of motor 40.
In the present embodiment, catalyst member 121 is arranged in the exhaust chamber 120.Therefore, can be so that the heat of catalyst member 121 radiation unlikely be delivered to exhaust chamber 120 outsides.In addition, catalyst member 121 can not cooled off by ambient air.More specifically, because catalyst member 121 maintains higher temperature, improved the ability of catalyst member 121 purifying exhaust airs.
The feature of vent systems 100 also is: the internal diameter of connected part (internal diameter φ 3) is less than the internal diameter (internal diameter φ 2) of catalyst member.
The feature of vent systems 100 also is: the internal diameter of connected part is greater than the internal diameter (internal diameter φ 1) of outlet pipe.
The feature of vent systems 100 also is: baffler communicates with expansion chamber by connecting tube part (connecting tube part 180), and wherein the internal diameter (internal diameter φ 4) of connecting tube part is greater than the internal diameter of connected part.
In the present embodiment, the internal diameter φ 3 of connected part 122 is greater than the internal diameter φ 1 of outlet pipe 110.In addition, the internal diameter φ 4 of connecting tube part 180 is greater than the internal diameter φ 3 of connected part 122.More specifically, satisfy relation: φ 1 (internal diameter)＜φ 3 (internal diameter)＜φ 4 (internal diameter).Therefore, the internal diameter of exhaust passage P broadens gradually in the direction towards baffler 190, thereby helps to reduce exhaust sound.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the internal diameter φ 3 of connected part 122 is less than the internal diameter φ 2 of catalyst member 121.Therefore, provide suitable exhaust resistance, correspondingly improved the power (torque) of motor 40.
In addition, in the present embodiment,, can reduce the exhaust sound of the bottom wall vibration generation of exhaust chamber 120 because mesh portion 125 is arranged on the bottom wall of exhaust chamber 120 inboards.
(4) other embodiment
More than content of the present invention is disclosed by one embodiment of the present of invention, partly constitute foregoing description of the present disclosure and accompanying drawing produces restriction to the present invention but should not be construed.According to the disclosure, various replacement embodiments are conspicuous to related domain person skilled.
For example, can make amendment to exhaust chamber 120 and recirculation conduit 130 according to following description.
(4.1) modified example 1
Fig. 6 is the schematic representation of the exhaust chamber 120A of the modified example of the present invention.As shown in Figure 6, compare exhaust chamber 120, catalyst member 121 is not set in exhaust chamber 120A.More specifically, in exhaust chamber 120A, connected part 122 communicates with each other first pipe section 131 and outlet pipe 110.The exhaust gas discharging specified value can be do not reached if catalyst member 121 is not set yet in exhaust chamber 120, exhaust chamber 120A can be used.
(4.2) modified example 2
Fig. 7 is the schematic representation of the exhaust chamber 120B of the modified example of the present invention.As shown in Figure 7, recirculation conduit 130B is connected to exhaust chamber 120B.More specifically, recirculation conduit 130B is connected to forward position part 120a and side along part 120Rb.Waste gas is directed to recirculation conduit 130B from forward position part 120a, and is discharged into the exhaust chamber 120B along part 120Rb from side.
More specifically, for example can according to be installed in other member on the motorcycle 10 change recirculation conduit shape and with the link position of exhaust chamber.
(4.3) modified example 3
Fig. 8 is the schematic representation of the exhaust chamber that is connected to recirculation conduit 130C 120 of the modified example of the present invention.As shown in Figure 8, the radius of curvature of recirculation conduit 130C is less than the radius of curvature of recirculation conduit 130.Based on the required output characteristics of motor 40, can use recirculation conduit 130C to replace recirculation conduit 130.
In addition, in the above-described embodiments, the integral body of connected part 122 is arranged in the exhaust chamber 120.The part of connected part 122 can be arranged on exhaust chamber 120 outsides.More specifically, the rear end of connected part 122 can be positioned at the rear of the rear end of exhaust chamber 120.
In the above-described embodiments, though satisfy relation: φ 1 (internal diameter)＜φ 3 (internal diameter)＜φ 4 (internal diameter), this relation not necessarily must be satisfied.
In the above-described embodiments, though on connected part 122, form a plurality of opening 122a, also can only form an opening 122a.Perhaps, unnecessary formation opening 122a.
In the above-described embodiments, though the forward position part of projection 141 is sealed by cap 142, the forward position part of projection 141 can be opened.In addition, when the forward position of projection 141 partially opens, there is no need to form exhaust port 140a.
In the above-described embodiments, outlet pipe 110, first pipe section 131 and second pipe section 132 are placed side by side along vehicle-width direction.Yet outlet pipe 110, first pipe section 131 and second pipe section 132 there is no need and must place side by side.Perhaps, outlet pipe 110, first pipe section 131 and second pipe section 132 can be placed on the vertical direction of motorcycle 10 side by side.
Therefore, the present invention has comprised multiple other embodiment who does description here certainly.So consistent with foregoing description, the suitable concrete inventive features that technical scope of the present invention is set forth by claims is limited.
Claims (13)
1. vent systems comprises:
Outlet pipe, it is connected on the motor of the driving force that produces Straddle-type vehicle;
Expansion chamber, it communicates with described outlet pipe and makes the waste expansion of described engine emission;
Baffler, it communicates with described expansion chamber; With
Recirculation conduit, it communicates with described expansion chamber;
Wherein,
Described recirculation conduit comprises first pipe section and second pipe section, and described first pipe section extends to the described expansion chamber outside from described expansion chamber, and described second pipe section communicates with described first pipe section and described expansion chamber; And
Described expansion chamber comprises connected part, and it communicates with each other described first pipe section and described outlet pipe in described expansion chamber.
2. according to the described vent systems of claim 1, wherein
Described first pipe section extends along predetermined direction from described expansion chamber; And
Described second pipe section communicates with described expansion chamber from predetermined direction.
3. vent systems according to claim 2, wherein said outlet pipe communicates with described expansion chamber from predetermined direction.
4. vent systems according to claim 2, wherein
Described first pipe section and described second pipe section partly are connected to each other by described Returning pipe;
Described first pipe section and described second pipe section are arranged in juxtaposition each other;
The exhaust passage that is partly formed by described Returning pipe is a dome-shaped; And
The radius of curvature of described exhaust passage is greater than 1/2nd of the distance between the described second pipe section outer end of the described first pipe section outer end and the relative described first pipe section outer end.
5. vent systems according to claim 4, wherein on the plane of extending along the radius of curvature direction, described Returning pipe partly is arranged on two end portions from described expansion chamber along the formed zone of elongation line that predetermined direction extends.
6. vent systems according to claim 1, wherein,
Described second pipe section comprises projection, its be projected in the described expansion chamber and
A plurality of exhaust ports, it is formed on the outer peripheral portion of described projection.
7. vent systems according to claim 6, the forward position part of wherein said projection is closed.
8. vent systems according to claim 7 wherein forms one or more openings on described connected part.
9. vent systems according to claim 1 also comprises the catalyst member of the waste gas that is used to purify described engine emission, and wherein said catalyst member is arranged in the described expansion chamber.
10. vent systems according to claim 9, the internal diameter of wherein said connected part is less than the internal diameter of described catalyst member.
11. vent systems according to claim 1, the internal diameter of wherein said connected part is greater than the internal diameter of described outlet pipe.
12. vent systems according to claim 1, wherein
Described baffler communicates with described expansion chamber by described connecting tube part, and
The internal diameter of described connecting tube part is greater than the internal diameter of described connected part.
13. a Straddle-type vehicle, it comprises as any vent systems that is limited in the claim 1 to 12.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007341439 | 2007-12-28 | ||
| JP2007-341439 | 2007-12-28 | ||
| JP2007341439A JP2009162094A (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2007-12-28 | Exhaust device and saddle type vehicle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101469624A true CN101469624A (en) | 2009-07-01 |
| CN101469624B CN101469624B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
Family
ID=40827396
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101894218A Active CN101469624B (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-12-24 | Exhausting system and straddle type vehicle |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2009162094A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101469624B (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI354057B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014114790A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-26 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | Forcibly air-cooled internal combustion engine, and saddle type vehicle having the same |
| JP6256255B2 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2018-01-10 | スズキ株式会社 | Muffler structure of motorcycle |
| JP6458398B2 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2019-01-30 | スズキ株式会社 | Muffler structure of motorcycle |
-
2007
- 2007-12-28 JP JP2007341439A patent/JP2009162094A/en active Pending
-
2008
- 2008-11-10 TW TW97143385A patent/TWI354057B/en active
- 2008-12-24 CN CN2008101894218A patent/CN101469624B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101469624B (en) | 2011-04-13 |
| JP2009162094A (en) | 2009-07-23 |
| TW200940813A (en) | 2009-10-01 |
| TWI354057B (en) | 2011-12-11 |
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