CN101466055A - Minitype microphone array device and beam forming method thereof - Google Patents
Minitype microphone array device and beam forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a microphone array device and a beam forming method thereof. The microphone array device can effectively eliminate noise and realize the directive property of a conical beam. Compared with prior art, the invention restrains the noise by controlling the updating of the coefficient of a self-adapting filter with the coefficient a, and the efficiency is pretty high.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to microphone apparatus, relate in particular to small array microphone apparatus and wave beam formation method thereof.
[background technology]
In recent years, in many systems (for example the voice pick device in microphone microphone, the mobile communication equipment, car position system etc.), voice control, phonetic entry and vice activation are used and are become more and more welcome.Yet, in actual environment, because the influence of noise and interference has reduced the usefulness of speech recognition mechanism, and made existing speech recognition technology can't reach optimization.
In order to eliminate the interference of environmental noise, the known technology processing method has single sensing type microphone of employing as the voice pick device, picks up effective sound source by single sensing type microphone in its highly sensitive scope.Yet single sensing type microphone can't suppress noise effectively.Therefore, known technology is handled and is also utilized array microphone to improve the usefulness of speech recognition system in poor environment.For example on July 16th, 2008 disclosed patent CN101222785A, this patent provides the formation method of a kind of small array microphone and conical beam thereof, this device comprises at least three and is arranged in the full sensing type microphone of " L ", by handle this omnidirectional microphone resistance form two virtual bi-directional microphones in conjunction with two-way wave beam kenel to produce the conical beam kenel.But this array microphone complex structure, and noise suppression weak effect.
[summary of the invention]
The technical problem that the present invention need solve provides a kind of array microphone apparatus that can effectively abate the noise and form conical beam directive property.
According to the above-mentioned technical problem that need to solve, the present invention has designed a kind of array microphone apparatus, and this device comprises: a unidirectivity microphone and an omni-directional microphone, two microphones mutually side by side and sound hole all towards same direction; Two energy statistics devices in order to add up the energy of the signal that unidirectivity microphone and omni-directional microphone receive respectively, obtain and export corresponding energy signal X1 and energy signal X2; One comparator in order to compare the size of energy signal X1 and energy signal X2, obtains and output signal coefficient a; One sef-adapting filter, in order to suppress noise signal, the signal that omni-directional microphone receives is as the reference signal of sef-adapting filter, and the signal that the unidirectivity microphone receives is as the offseting signal for the treatment of of sef-adapting filter, and coefficient a controls adaptive filter coefficient updates.
Further improve as the present invention, described comparator also output signal coefficient b, described small array Mike divides device also to comprise a coupling apparatus, the back output so that the signal of the last output of sef-adapting filter and coefficient b multiply each other of this coupling apparatus.
Further improve as the present invention, each device and components and parts all are integrated on the dsp chip processor, and this dsp chip processor comprises input port that connects unidirectivity microphone and omni-directional microphone and the output port of exporting final signal.
Further improve as the present invention, coefficient a is a saltus step amount, as X1〉during X2, coefficient a is 1, the control adaptive filter coefficient stops to upgrade; When X1＜X2, coefficient a is 0, allows adaptive filter coefficient to upgrade.
Further improve as the present invention, coefficient b is for being the variable of variable quantity with 0.1 between 0 and 1, as X1〉during X2, coefficient b is increased to 1 from 0; Otherwise coefficient b reduces to 0.
Another technical problem that the present invention need solve provides a kind of wave beam formation method of array microphone apparatus.
According to the above-mentioned technical problem that needs solution, the present invention has designed a kind of wave beam formation method of array microphone apparatus, and this method comprises:
(1), a unidirectivity microphone and an omni-directional microphone are provided, make its sound hole all towards same direction, the unidirectivity microphone receives voice signal S1, omni-directional microphone receives voice signal S2;
Add up the energy of S1 and S2, correspondingly obtain energy signal X1 and energy signal X2 (2), respectively;
(3), the size of energy signal X1 and energy signal X2 relatively, obtain signal coefficient a;
(4), the work of coefficient a control sef-adapting filter, S2 is as the reference signal of sef-adapting filter, S1 is as the offseting signal for the treatment of of sef-adapting filter.
Further improve as the present invention, when adding up the energy of S1 and S2 respectively, also obtain signal coefficient b, output again after the final output signal of sef-adapting filter and coefficient b multiply each other.
Further improve as the present invention, coefficient a is a saltus step amount, as X1〉during X2, coefficient a is 1, the control adaptive filter coefficient stops to upgrade; When X1＜X2, coefficient a is 0, allows adaptive filter coefficient to upgrade.
Further improve as the present invention, coefficient b is for being the variable of variable quantity with 0.1 between 0 and 1, as X1〉during X2, coefficient b is increased to 1 from 0; Otherwise coefficient b reduces to 0.
Array microphone apparatus of the present invention can abate the noise effectively, and realizes conical beam directive property.Compared with prior art, the present invention suppresses noise by coefficient a control adaptive filter coefficient updates, and efficient is very high.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of sef-adapting filter;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of small array microphone of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the sensitivity polar coordinates schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention sensing type full microphone and single sensing type microphone;
Fig. 4 is the angle schematic diagram on every side of embodiment of the invention small array microphone apparatus;
Fig. 5 is the another kind of schematic diagram of angle on every side of embodiment of the invention small array microphone apparatus.
[embodiment]
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.
The embodiment of the present invention array microphone apparatus comprises a dsp chip processor, a single sensing type microphone and an omni-directional microphone.Computing of the present invention is to realize by hardware dsp chip processor.This dsp chip comprises input port and output port.Single sensing type microphone and full sensing type microphone insert the input port of dsp chip processor, mutual and array apparatus, and its sound hole is towards same direction.
Be integrated with on the dsp chip processor: two energy statistics apparatus modules, comparator module, sef-adapting filter module.DSP can adopt the ADSP-21161 development board of U.S. ADI company.
The energy statistics apparatus module is in order to the energy of the voice signal adding up unidirectivity microphone and omni-directional microphone respectively and receive, and export corresponding two energy signal X1 and energy signal X2, the energy signal that the corresponding omni-directional microphone of energy signal, X2 that the corresponding unidirectivity microphone of X1 receives receives.
Comparator module obtains and output signal coefficient a and coefficient b in order to compare the size of energy signal X1 and energy signal X2.Coefficient a is a saltus step amount, in order to the renewal of control sef-adapting filter module coefficient.As X1〉during X2, coefficient a is 1, the control adaptive filter coefficient stops to upgrade; When X1＜X2, coefficient a is 0, allows adaptive filter coefficient to upgrade.Coefficient b is for being the variable of variable quantity with 0.1 between 0 and 1, as X1〉during X2, coefficient b is increased to 1 from 0; Otherwise coefficient b reduces to 0.
As shown in Figure 1, the operation principle schematic diagram of sef-adapting filter, its most basic function is exactly during to reference signal filtering, make filtered reference signal constantly approach by the continual renovation of sef-adapting filter self coefficient ground and treat offseting signal, then negate with treat the offseting signal addition, last like this output just constantly approaches 0 value, and the added signal that obtains part feedback is used for controlling the coefficient of filtering next time.
The principle of array microphone apparatus of the present invention as shown in Figure 2, the voice signal S2 that omni-directional microphone receives is as the reference signal of sef-adapting filter, the voice signal S1 that the unidirectivity microphone receives is as the offseting signal for the treatment of of sef-adapting filter.The energy of energy statistics apparatus module statistics voice signal S1 and S2, and through comparator module relatively, obtain coefficient a and coefficient b.When coefficient a is 0, be X1＜X2, the voice signal S1 energy that the unidirectivity microphone receives is less than the S2 of omni-directional microphone, the coefficient update of sef-adapting filter module, voice signal S2 is carried out filtering, and filtered voice signal S2 negate and voice signal S1 addition are owing to the continual renovation of adaptive filter coefficient makes filtered voice signal S2 constantly approach voice signal S1, so the signal energy of final system output is approached 0 value, promptly realized suppressing the function of noise.When coefficient a is 1, be X1〉X2, the voice signal S1 energy that the unidirectivity microphone receives is greater than omni-directional microphone S2, the coefficient of sef-adapting filter stops to upgrade, filtered omni-directional microphone signal S1 can't constantly approach the unidirectivity microphone, so the signal of final system output can not disappear mutually, the voice signal of this moment is effective voice signal certainly.
The wave beam formation method of array microphone apparatus of the present invention comprises:
(1), a unidirectivity microphone and an omni-directional microphone are provided, make its sound hole all towards same direction, the unidirectivity microphone receives voice signal S1, omni-directional microphone receives voice signal S2;
Add up the energy of voice signal S1 and voice signal S2, correspondingly obtain energy signal X1 and energy signal X2 (2), respectively;
(3), the size of energy signal X1 and energy signal X2 relatively, obtain signal coefficient a and signal coefficient b.Coefficient a is a saltus step amount, as X1〉during X2, coefficient a is 1, when X1＜X2, coefficient a is 0.Coefficient b is for being the variable of variable quantity with 0.1 between 0 and 1, as X1〉during X2, coefficient b is increased to 1 from 0; Otherwise coefficient b reduces to 0.
(4), the work of coefficient a control sef-adapting filter, S2 is as the reference signal of sef-adapting filter, S1 is as the offseting signal for the treatment of of sef-adapting filter.The work of sef-adapting filter is divided into two kinds of situations: when coefficient a is 0, be X1＜X2, the coefficient update of sef-adapting filter module, voice signal S2 is carried out filtering, filtered voice signal S2 negate and voice signal S1 addition, owing to the continual renovation of adaptive filter coefficient makes filtered voice signal S2 constantly approach voice signal S1,, promptly realized the function of inhibition noise so the signal energy of final system output is approached 0 value.When coefficient a is 1, be X1〉X2, the voice signal S1 energy that the unidirectivity microphone receives is greater than omni-directional microphone S2, the coefficient of sef-adapting filter stops to upgrade, filtered omni-directional microphone signal S1 can't constantly approach the unidirectivity microphone, so the signal of final system output can not disappear mutually, the voice signal of this moment is effective voice signal certainly.
(5), making the last output signal S3 of sef-adapting filter multiply by coefficient b exports again.
Getting concrete unidirectivity microphone and omni-directional microphone below sets forth as embodiment.Define two microphone sound holes towards the angle of direction be 0 °.
The sensitivity of unidirectivity microphone and omni-directional microphone as shown in Figure 3, label 1 is the sensitivity curve of unidirectivity microphone, label 2 is the sensitivity curve of omni-directional microphone.45 ° of positions with-45 °, the sensitivity of unidirectivity microphone and full directional microphone equates, in-45 °～45 °, the sensitivity of unidirectivity microphone is greater than the sensitivity of omni-directional microphone, beyond-45 °～45 °, the sensitivity of unidirectivity microphone is less than the sensitivity of omni-directional microphone.Tentative justice is forward with in for-45 °～45 °, and-45 °～45 ° is reverse in addition.Forward is got effective sound source, and noise then is positioned at beyond-45 °～45 °.
As shown in Figure 4, reverse noisy the time when forward does not have signal, promptly-45 °～45 ° do not have a signal with interior, noise is arranged beyond-45 °～45 °.At this moment, beyond-45 °～45 °, the sensitivity of uni-directional microphone is less than the sensitivity of omni-directional microphone, so the acoustic energy that the unidirectivity microphone receives is also less than the acoustic energy of omni-directional microphone.Suppose that the acoustic energy that the unidirectivity microphone receives is 0.1 grade, the acoustic energy that omni-directional microphone receives is 1 grade.Through comparing, signal coefficient a puts 0, and coefficient b is decremented to 0.Coefficient a control sef-adapting filter module coefficient is brought in constant renewal in, make signal that omni-directional microphone receives through equating with signal that the unidirectivity microphone receives after the filtering, like this, after the filtered omni-directional microphone signal process negate addition, and multiply by coefficient b, be output as 0 at last.Illustrate with simple mathematics model: the signal energy (0.1 grade) that the last output of sef-adapting filter equals the unidirectivity microphone deducts { product of signal energy of omni-directional microphone (1 grade) and adaptive filter coefficient }, because of being output as 0 after the addition, be 0.1 so can extrapolate the equivalence value of adaptive filter coefficient.
Shown in 5 figure, when forward has signal, being the present invention picks up effective voice signal at 45 °～45 ° with interior, at this moment, in 45 °～45 °, the sensitivity of uni-directional microphone is greater than the sensitivity of omni-directional microphone, so the acoustic energy that the unidirectivity microphone receives is also greater than the acoustic energy of omni-directional microphone.Suppose that the voice signal energy that the unidirectivity microphone receives is 1.3 grades, the voice signal energy that omni-directional microphone receives is 1 grade, and after relatively, coefficient a puts 1, and coefficient b is incremented to 1.Coefficient a does not during this time allow adaptive filter coefficient to upgrade, the value before still keeping after last renewal the (feedback of the value after just last the renewal), and according to hypothesis before, the adaptive filter coefficient value is 0.1.Sef-adapting filter can be adjusted to the signal energy that omni-directional microphone receives 0.1 energy level, and the signal energy of unidirectivity microphone is 1.3 energy level, clearly, can't balance out with 1.3 grades unidirectivity microphone after negate through being adjusted into 0.1 grade omni-directional microphone signal.Describe with simple mathematics model: the signal energy (1.3 grades) that the last output of sef-adapting filter equals the unidirectivity microphone deducts { product of signal energy of omni-directional microphone (1 grade) and adaptive filter coefficient 0.1 }, the last signal energy that is output as 1.2 grades.Last output be multiply by coefficient b and is exported, and this moment, coefficient b was incremented to 1.
Through such computing, the noises beyond-45 °～45 ° obtain very big inhibition, and-45 °～45 ° kept with interior signal.Be equivalent to form a kind of-45 °～45 ° conical beam directive property.
Certainly, conical beam of the present invention is not limited to-45 °～45 ° scopes, but depends on omni-directional microphone and the angle value of unidirectivity microphone when sensitivity equates.
Array microphone apparatus of the present invention can abate the noise effectively, and realizes conical beam directive property.Compared with prior art, the present invention suppresses noise by coefficient a control adaptive filter coefficient updates, and efficient is very high.
Above-described only is embodiments of the present invention, should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art at this, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the invention design, can also make improvement, but these all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of microphone array device is characterized in that: described device comprises:
An one unidirectivity microphone and an omni-directional microphone, two microphones mutually side by side and sound hole all towards same direction;
Two energy statistics devices in order to add up the energy of the signal that unidirectivity microphone and omni-directional microphone receive respectively, obtain and export corresponding energy signal X1 and energy signal X2;
One comparator in order to compare the size of energy signal X1 and energy signal X2, obtains and output signal coefficient a;
One sef-adapting filter, in order to suppress noise signal, the signal that omni-directional microphone receives is as the reference signal of sef-adapting filter, and the signal that the unidirectivity microphone receives is as the offseting signal for the treatment of of sef-adapting filter, and coefficient a controls adaptive filter coefficient updates.
2, microphone array device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described comparator also output signal coefficient b, described small array Mike divides device also to comprise a coupling apparatus, the back output so that the signal of the last output of sef-adapting filter and coefficient b multiply each other of this coupling apparatus.
3, microphone array device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: each device and components and parts all are integrated on the dsp chip processor, and this dsp chip processor comprises input port that connects unidirectivity microphone and omni-directional microphone and the output port of exporting final signal.
4, microphone array device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: coefficient a is a saltus step amount, as X1〉during X2, coefficient a is 1, the control adaptive filter coefficient stops to upgrade; When X1＜X2, coefficient a is 0, allows adaptive filter coefficient to upgrade.
5, microphone array device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: coefficient b is for being the variable of variable quantity with 0.1 between 0 and 1, as X1〉during X2, coefficient b is increased to 1 from 0; Otherwise coefficient b reduces to 0.
6, a kind of wave beam formation method of microphone array device comprises:
(1), a unidirectivity microphone and an omni-directional microphone are provided, make its sound hole all towards same direction, the unidirectivity microphone receives voice signal S1, omni-directional microphone receives voice signal S2;
Add up the energy of S1 and S2, correspondingly obtain energy signal X1 and energy signal X2 (2), respectively;
(3), the size of energy signal X1 and energy signal X2 relatively, obtain signal coefficient a;
(4), the work of coefficient a control sef-adapting filter, S2 is as the reference signal of sef-adapting filter, S1 is as the offseting signal for the treatment of of sef-adapting filter.
7, the wave beam formation method of minitype microphone array device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: when adding up the energy of S1 and S2 respectively, also obtain signal coefficient b, output again after the final output signal of sef-adapting filter and coefficient b multiply each other.
8, according to the wave beam formation method of claim 6 or 7 described minitype microphone array devices, it is characterized in that: coefficient a is a saltus step amount, as X1〉during X2, coefficient a is 1, the control adaptive filter coefficient stops to upgrade; When X1＜X2, coefficient a is 0, allows adaptive filter coefficient to upgrade.
9, the wave beam formation method of minitype microphone array device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: coefficient b is for being the variable of variable quantity with 0.1 between 0 and 1, as X1〉during X2, coefficient b is increased to 1 from 0; Otherwise coefficient b reduces to 0.
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| WO2012069020A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-31 | 歌尔声学股份有限公司 | Method and device for speech enhancement, and communication headphones with noise reduction |
| CN102543097A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-04 | 华为终端有限公司 | Denoising method and equipment |
| WO2013020380A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2013-02-14 | 歌尔声学股份有限公司 | Communication headset speech enhancement method and device, and noise reduction communication headset |
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| WO2013020380A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2013-02-14 | 歌尔声学股份有限公司 | Communication headset speech enhancement method and device, and noise reduction communication headset |
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| CN104519212A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 华为技术有限公司 | An echo cancellation method and apparatus |
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| CN106878905A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-06-20 | Gn瑞声达A/S | The method for determining the objective perception amount of noisy speech signal |
| US10026391B2 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2018-07-17 | Merry Electronics(Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. | Microphone device with two sounds receiving modules and sound collecting trough |
| CN110419228A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2019-11-05 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Signal processing apparatus |
| CN110419228B (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2020-12-29 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Signal processing device |
| CN107274907A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 北京小鱼在家科技有限公司 | The method and apparatus that directive property pickup is realized in dual microphone equipment |
| CN108806710A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-13 | 会听声学科技（北京）有限公司 | A kind of speech enhancement gain method of adjustment, system and earphone |
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Application publication date: 20090624 |