CN101465889B - Network address translation equipment and request method of response address analysis protocol - Google Patents
Network address translation equipment and request method of response address analysis protocol Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a network address translation(NAT) device and a method thereof for responding to an address resolution protocol request. The method includes the following steps: according to the number of the network interface which receives the address resolution protocol request message, searching for a public network IP address which is the same with the target IP address in the address resolution protocol request message in a local address list used for enquiring the target IP address, wherein the local address list is triggered and established by the IP address of a configure network interface, and all the public network IP addresses, the relevant network interface numbers and media access control addresses on a network address switching device are all saved in the local address list; after the same public network addresses are found out, sending an address resolution protocol response message to the sender of the address resolution protocol request message according to the media access control addresses relevant to the same public network addresses. The device comprises an establishing unit, a receiving unit, a searching unit and a responding unit. The device and the method solve the problem that since an NAT device establishes no address conversion relation, no ARP response can be given.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to network communications technology field, relate in particular to a kind of network address translation (NetworkAddress Translation, NAT) equipment and response address analysis protocol thereof (Address ResolveProtocol, ARP) Qing Qiu method.
Background technology
NAT is that (Internet Protocol, IP) change mutually the address, thereby reach the address multiplex technology of the shared public network IP address online of a plurality of users for the privately owned address of a kind of permission and public network Internet Protocol.Usually,, do not need through application in enterprise network inside, just can random as required self-defined IP address.Communication is carried out in IP address by inside between each computer.When the computer of inside need carry out communication with external the Internet (Internet), the equipment with nat feature was that the IP address transition that NAT device is responsible for its internal network is legal public network IP address.
Among the application, public network IP address refers to that (Internet Service Provider ISP) distributes to the globally unique legitimate ip address of enterprise, has one or more such address on the NAT device by the ISP.
Realize that by NAT device a plurality of users' shared public network IP address of while and exterior I nternet communicate, and can reach the purpose of saving the IP address.And, by NAT device internal network and exterior I nternet are kept apart, make Intranet safer.
In the prior art, a typical NAT applied environment topology as shown in Figure 1.Intranet inserts Internet by NAT device.The IP address of All hosts is in the 192.168.1.0/24 network segment in the Intranet, and the IP address of NAT device 11 network interfaces 1 is 192.168.1.1.The IP address of the router adjacent with NAT device is 211.1.2.1 among the Internet.ISP for this reason Intranet to have distributed 199 public network IP address be 211.1.2.2 to 211.1.2.200.Wherein 211.1.2.2 is configured to the IP address of NAT device network interface 2, and 211.1.2.3 is used to shine upon the IP address of Intranet to 211.1.2.200.
Use topology shown in Figure 1, two kinds of application scenarioss can be arranged: scene one is the outer network server of intranet host visit; Scene two is network servers in the outer net host access.
Scene one: suppose that intranet host 192.168.1.5 initiatively initiates to connect, visit outer network server 202.3.1.22.Its communication process is as follows:
Steps A, intranet host IP192.168.1.5 send IP message (source IP:192.168.1.5, Target IP: 202.3.1.22) to NAT device.
After step B, NAT device 11 are received the IP message,, from the available address tabulation, select 211.1.2.10 to replace the source IP address of message, and note this transformational relation (192.168.1.5---〉211.1.2.10) according to address translation rule.At this moment NAT device 11 is with the IP message after the address transition (source IP:211.1.2.10, Target IP: 202.3.1.22) send to ISP router one 2.
Step C, ISP router one 2 and later router finally consign to destination server 202.3.1.22 with the IP message.After destination server is received message, back message using, and, obtain " source IP:202.3.1.22, Target IP: 211.1.2.10 " with source IP address and target ip address exchange.
Step D, after back message using arrives ISP router one 2, routing in ISP router one 2 is found Target IP 211.1.2.10 in directly connected subnet, sends ARP request (source IP:211.1.2.1, Target IP: 211.1.2.10).
Step e, NAT device 11 are responded arp reply message (source IP:211.1.2.10, Target IP: 211.1.2.1).
After step F, ISP router one 2 are received arp reply, transmit IP message (source IP:202.3.1.22, Target IP: 211.1.2.10).
After step G, NAT device 11 are received the IP message that outer net sends, inquiry NAT conversion record, according to the result who inquires (192.168.1.5---〉211.1.2.10) carry out the NAT conversion, routing is forwarded to Intranet (source IP:202.3.1.22, Target IP: 192.168.1.5) then.Final message reaches intranet host 192.168.1.5.
Scene two: network server 211.1.2.10 in the outer net main frame 208.1.1.4 visit.
The process of scene two and scene one are similar, and difference is: the Target IP of a main frame 218.1.1.4 visit of outer net is 211.1.2.10.Target IP 211.1.2.10 is the mapping public network IP address of interior network server 192.168.1.5 on NAT device 11.The communication process of extranet access Intranet is as follows:
Steps A, outer net main frame send the message that Target IP is 211.1.2.10, arrive ISP router one 2.At this moment, if ISP router one 2 finds oneself not have the ARP list item of 211.1.2.10, then can send the ARP request.
Step B, user's NAT device 11 can provide the arp reply of 211.1.2.10.
Step C, ISP router one 2 are the IP message of 211.1.2.10 with purpose, issue user's NAT device 11.
Step D, NAT device 11 according to the NAT mapping ruler, are set up NAT list item in succession, and the purpose IP211.1.2.10 with message is modified as 192.168.1.5 then.Then issue inner real server 192.168.1.5.
Step e, internal server 192.168.1.5 send back message using to user's NAT device 11, and the NAT that NAT device 11 has been set up according to the front connects list item, and the source IP that revises message is 211.1.2.10.Issue ISP router one 2 then.
After step F, ISP router one 2 are received message, return, issue initial outer net main frame 218.1.1.4 by former road.
Wherein, ARP is used for obtaining hardware address (hardware address) according to protocol address (protocol address).
Hardware address is one or more physical address (generally being to be distributed jointly by global address distributor gear and manufacturer) that distributes when producing the network equipment, and form may have difference according to the difference of the type of hardware.Current the most popular hardware address is that (Media Access Control MAC) can use hardware address to visit mutually between the network equipment of address same type, but can't mutual communication between the dissimilar equipment in media interviews control.In order to make the dissimilar equipment also can mutual communication, have introduced protocol address.
Protocol address is the logical address (generally being by network manager or agreement global address distributor gear the address to be distributed) of appointment for the difference that shields distinct device in the network, and form has uniformity.Current the most popular protocol address is the IP address.
ARP has defined how to utilize the IP address to get access to the method for MAC Address.Suppose that 192.168.1.5,192.168.1.6, three equipment of 192.168.1.7 are in the same local area network (LAN).192.168.1.5 desire sends the IP data to 192.168.1.7, its course of work is as follows:
At first, broadcasting (MAC Address is that the address of binary system complete 1 is defined as broadcast address) ARP request message in local area network (LAN), the MAC Address of inquiry 192.168.1.7;
192.168.1.6 and 192.168.1.7 receives this ARP request message.192.168.1.6 find it is not request oneself, do not respond.192.168.1.7 finding this ARP request message is the MAC Address of request oneself, so send the arp reply message to 192.168.1.5, the MAC Address of announcement.
Then, 192.168.1.5 with the MAC Address buffer memory of learning, utilizes the MAC Address of 192.168.1.7 after receiving the arp reply message that 192.168.1.7 sends, and the IP data are sent on the 192.168.1.7.
In the scene two, when the ARP request arrives " user's NAT device ", because NAT device 11 is not received the IP message that 192.168.1.5 sends, thereby (192.168.1.5---211.1.2.10), NAT device 11 can't be made arp reply not set up the address transition relation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose the method for a kind of network address translation apparatus and response address analysis protocol request thereof, when initiatively visiting intranet host, because NAT device is not set up the problem that can't make arp reply that the address transition relation causes to solve outer net.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides the method for a kind of network address translation apparatus response address analysis protocol request, comprising:
According to the numbering of receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface, search the numbering of described network interface and the list item at the target ip address place in the described arp request message from this machine address table that is used for query aim IP address; Described machine address table triggered by the IP address of configuration public network IP address and diverse network interface to be set up; Network interface numbering and media access control address that each list item of described machine address table is preserved all public network IP address on the network address translation apparatus and is associated;
After finding the list item at the numbering of described receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface and the target ip address place in the described arp request message, send the address resolution protocol response message to the transmit leg of described arp request message according to the media access control address in the list item that is found.
The present invention also provides a kind of network address translation apparatus, comprising:
Set up the unit, be used for triggering this machine address table that foundation is used for query aim IP address by the IP address of configuration public network IP address and diverse network interface; Network interface numbering and media access control address that each list item of described machine address table is preserved all public network IP address on the network address translation apparatus and is associated;
Receiving element is used for receiver address analysis protocol request message;
Search the unit, be used for numbering, from described machine address table, search the numbering of described receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface and the list item at the target ip address place in the described arp request message according to receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface;
Response unit, be used for described search the list item at target ip address place that the unit finds the numbering of described receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface and described arp request message after, send the address resolution protocol response message according to the media access control address in the list item that is found to the transmit leg of described arp request message.
In the technique scheme, NAT device is set up this machine address table by being triggered by the IP address of configuring network interface, make NAT device under the situation of not receiving the IP message that Intranet sends, also can obtain the relevant information of the public network IP address that intranet host is mapped to, thereby when having solved outer net and initiatively visiting intranet host, because NAT device is set up the problem that can't make arp reply that the address transition relation causes.Guaranteed that NAT device makes the influence that arp reply is not subjected to whether to set up the address transition relation, improved the performance of NAT device response ARP request.
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is typical NAT applied environment topology schematic diagram in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method embodiment of network address translation apparatus response address analysis protocol of the present invention request;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of this machine address table among the method embodiment of network address translation apparatus response address analysis protocol of the present invention request;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of network address translation apparatus embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the method embodiment of network address translation apparatus response address analysis protocol of the present invention request, comprising:
Step 21, NAT device be according to the numbering that receives ARP request message network interface, from this machine address table that is used for query aim IP address search with described ARP request message in the identical public network IP address of target ip address; Described machine address table triggers NAT device by the IP address of configuring network interface and sets up; Described network interface numbering and the MAC Address that the machine address table is preserved all public network IP address on the described NAT device and is associated;
After step 22, NAT device find described identical public network IP address, send the arp reply message to the transmit leg of described ARP request message according to the MAC Address that described identical public network IP address is associated.
The network interface address comprises Intranet interface IP address and outer net interface IP address.The Intranet interface IP address generally is the privately owned address of this form of 192.168.x.x, and outer network interface (interface that connects the ISP router) address generally is a public network address, and at the ARP request of these two kinds of addresses, equipment all needs to send to reply.Because network interface address, NAT public network IP address all need to respond the ARP request, therefore, all public network address organizations of unity that the address and the ISP of all-network interface distributed to enterprise are regarded this machine address as together.Judge whether that like this logic that respond arp reply just becomes concisely, only need to judge whether target ip address is that this machine address that receives message interface gets final product.As long as this machine address is stored in a table is in this machine address table, receive the ARP request message after, inquire about this table and just can do corresponding judgment.
In the present embodiment, NAT device is set up this machine address table by being triggered by the IP address of configuring network interface, make NAT device under the situation of not receiving the IP message that Intranet sends, also can obtain the relevant information of the public network IP address that intranet host is mapped to, thereby when having solved outer net and initiatively visiting intranet host, because NAT device is set up the problem that can't make arp reply that the address transition relation causes.Guaranteed that NAT device makes the influence that arp reply is not subjected to whether to set up the address transition relation, improved the performance of NAT device response ARP request.
In the above-mentioned steps 21, after the NAT device start, this machine address table is empty.The IP address of configuration public network IP address and diverse network interface is all triggered and is set up this machine address table that is used for query aim IP address and can comprise:
When configuration public network IP address on network interface, public network IP address, network interface numbering, the network interface of configuration are numbered pairing MAC Address and added this machine address table;
When configuration NAT public network IP address,, then these information are deposited in this machine address table at each public network IP address inquiry network interface numbering and the corresponding mac address information related with it.
When deletion public network IP address configuration on network interface, said method also comprises: with list item deletion corresponding in this machine address table.When deletion NAT public network IP address, delete pairing each this machine address list item of this public network IP address.
In the above-mentioned steps 21, this machine address table can the hash table form be stored, to improve inquiry velocity.As shown in Figure 3, the Position Number of this machine address table is classified in left side one as, and this Position Number calculates according to general hash function, and its parameter is the interface index at this machine address and its place.The right side is the network interface IP address of storage and network interface numbering and the MAC Address that is associated.Wherein, IP1, IP2 and IP3 represent the IP address of different network interfaces; Network interface 1, network interface 2 are the network interface numbering on the NAT device; MAC1, MAC2 are the corresponding router physical address that is connected on NAT device network interface 1, the network interface 2.The router that is connected on NAT device network interface 1, the network interface 2 links to each other with outer net.Store this machine address table with respect to storage of linked list with the form of hash table, inquiry velocity is faster, can respond the ARP request more quickly.
When NAT device when a certain network interface receives an ARP request message, inquire about this machine address table according to the network interface numbering that receives message and the target ip address of message.If inquire corresponding list item,, respond to ARP request sender by list item information assembling arp reply message.The source IP address of this arp reply message is the target ip address of former message, and the source MAC of message is the MAC Address in the list item.If inquiry then abandons the ARP message request less than corresponding list item, do not reply.
With topological network applied scene two shown in Figure 1 is example, and the process of NAT device response ARP request is as follows:
When the network interface IP address of administrator configurations NAT device 11 and Internet was 211.1.2.2, NAT device 11 joined 211.1.2.2 this machine address table automatically;
When network server 192.168.1.5 was mapped to public network IP address 211.1.2.10 in the administrator configurations NAT device 11, NAT device 11 joined this machine address table with public network IP address 211.1.2.10 automatically, and Unsupervised member manually adds; So far, comprise two public network IP address of 211.1.2.2 and 211.1.2.10 in this machine address table; At this moment, because the main frame of outer net does not also have the connection of initiation to public network IP address 211.1.2.10, so do not have NAT switching motion or nat translation table item;
When the outer net main frame initiates to connect, can send the ARP request as the ISP router one 2 among Fig. 1 and arrive NAT device 11, the target ip address of ARP request is 211.1.2.10;
NAT device 11 is searched this machine address table after receiving the ARP request, finds to have " 211.1.2.10 ", so provide arp reply.Thereby do not need can accomplish the NAT conversion, can provide arp reply.
And, adopt this machine address table to adopt the hash table storage, responded all ARP requests that NAT device is received from outer network interface more quickly.NAT device is safeguarded this machine address table automatically, has significantly reduced network device management person's maintenance workload.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of network address translation apparatus embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 4, NAT device comprises: set up unit 41, receiving element 42, search unit 43 and response unit 44.Setting up unit 41 is used for setting up this machine address table that is used for query aim IP address by the IP address of configuring network interface by triggering; Described network interface numbering and the media access control address that the machine address table is preserved all public network IP address on the described network address translation apparatus and is associated; Receiving element 42 is used for receiver address analysis protocol request message; Searching unit 43 is used for searching target ip address the described arp request message and the media access control address that is associated according to the numbering of receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface from described machine address table; Response unit 44 be used for described search unit 43 and find described target ip address after, send the address resolution protocol response message to the media access control address that is associated that finds.
NAT device also can comprise memory cell, and memory cell is used for described this machine address table of setting up unit foundation of hash table form storage.
NAT device also can comprise adding device, and adding device is used for adding the public network IP address that the configuration intranet host is mapped to described machine address table automatically.
NAT device also can comprise delete cells, delete cells is used for deleting the public network IP address of described machine address table from the network interface deletion configuration of described network address translation apparatus, and deletes network interface numbering and the media access control address that this public network IP address is associated.
In said method and the equipment present embodiment, NAT device is set up this machine address table by being triggered by the IP address of configuring network interface, make NAT device under the situation of not receiving the IP message that Intranet sends, also can obtain the relevant information of the public network IP address that intranet host is mapped to, thereby when having solved outer net and initiatively visiting intranet host, because NAT device is set up the problem that can't make arp reply that the address transition relation causes.Guaranteed that NAT device makes the influence that arp reply is not subjected to whether to set up the address transition relation, improved the performance of NAT device response ARP request.And store this machine address table with hash table, accelerated the inquiry velocity of NAT device, further improved the performance of NAT device response ARP request.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of step that realizes said method embodiment can be finished by the relevant hardware of program command, aforesaid program can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium, this program is carried out the step that comprises said method embodiment when carrying out; And aforesaid storage medium comprises: various media that can be program code stored such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CD.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (8)
1. the method for network address translation apparatus response address analysis protocol request is characterized in that, comprising:
According to the numbering of receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface, search the numbering of described network interface and the list item at the target ip address place in the described arp request message from this machine address table that is used for query aim IP address; Described machine address table triggered by the IP address of configuration public network IP address and diverse network interface to be set up; Network interface numbering and media access control address that each list item of described machine address table is preserved all public network IP address on the network address translation apparatus and is associated;
After finding the list item at the numbering of described receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface and the target ip address place in the described arp request message, send the address resolution protocol response message to the transmit leg of described arp request message according to the media access control address in the list item that is found.
2. the method for network address translation apparatus response address analysis protocol according to claim 1 request is characterized in that, described machine address table stored with the hash table form.
3. the method for network address translation apparatus response address analysis protocol according to claim 1 and 2 request is characterized in that, described machine address table triggered to set up by the IP address of configuration public network IP address and diverse network interface and comprise:
The public network IP address that the configuration intranet host is mapped to adds described machine address table automatically to.
4. the method for network address translation apparatus response address analysis protocol according to claim 1 and 2 request is characterized in that, also comprises:
Delete the public network IP address that disposes from the network interface deletion of described network address translation apparatus in described the machine address table, and delete network interface numbering and media access control address that this public network IP address is associated.
5. a network address translation apparatus is characterized in that, comprising:
Set up the unit, be used for triggering this machine address table that foundation is used for query aim IP address by the IP address of configuration public network IP address and diverse network interface; Network interface numbering and media access control address that each list item of described machine address table is preserved all public network IP address on the network address translation apparatus and is associated;
Receiving element is used for receiver address analysis protocol request message;
Search the unit, be used for numbering, from described machine address table, search the numbering of described receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface and the list item at the target ip address place in the described arp request message according to receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface;
Response unit, be used for described search the list item at target ip address place that the unit finds the numbering of described receiver address analysis protocol request message network interface and described arp request message after, send the address resolution protocol response message according to the media access control address in the list item that is found to the transmit leg of described arp request message.
6. network address translation apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Memory cell is used for described this machine address table of setting up unit foundation of hash table form storage.
7. according to claim 5 or 6 described network address translation apparatus, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Adding device is used for adding the public network IP address that the configuration intranet host is mapped to described machine address table automatically.
8. according to claim 5 or 6 described network address translation apparatus, it is characterized in that, also comprise:
Delete cells is used for deleting the public network IP address of described machine address table from the network interface deletion configuration of described network address translation apparatus, and deletes network interface numbering and the media access control address that this deleted public network IP address is associated.
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