CN101465849A - 用于同步至少两个流的方法 - Google Patents

用于同步至少两个流的方法 Download PDF

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CN101465849A
CN101465849A CNA2008101772850A CN200810177285A CN101465849A CN 101465849 A CN101465849 A CN 101465849A CN A2008101772850 A CNA2008101772850 A CN A2008101772850A CN 200810177285 A CN200810177285 A CN 200810177285A CN 101465849 A CN101465849 A CN 101465849A
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S·范登贝格
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Alcatel Lucent SAS
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    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
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    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/23424—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving splicing one content stream with another content stream, e.g. for inserting or substituting an advertisement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于从本地源广播本地流的方法，所述本地流适于与从主源广播的、伴随有相关主标记的主流同步，所述方法包括下列步骤：接收来自所述主源的所述主标记；和广播本地流并且同时广播与所述本地流相关的本地标记，其中所述本地标记与所述主标记相关。

Description

用于同步至少两个流的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于从本地源发送本地流的方法，所述本地流适于与伴随有相关主标志的、发送自主源的主流同步。
背景技术
当从网络上的不同位置发送应当被组合的两个流时，难以同步这些流。由于网络上的响应时间，请求之后流到达的时间是不确定的。当来自不同位置的两个流应当被接收时，并不能依赖于两个流同时到达。
当例如广播应当向其添加本地解说的体育赛事时，必须确保在正确的时间将该解说添加至主流以使得解说员解说的是主流的赛事。
另一种应用是这样的情况：广播主赛事并且必须在准确的时间插入本地广告而不会与主流重叠。主流中存在可以插入本地广告的期间。主流和本地流二者必须同步以使得插入在正确的时间进行。
已知解决方案是通过例如网络时间协议(NTP)来同步不同源的时钟。然而，这是非常复杂的方法。
另一种例如从US-A-2006075449获知的解决方案是将标记并入主流中，该标记指示了本地内容可以被插入主流中的哪个部分。这个主流必须由接合器接收，该接合器在检测到指定标记时从本地源请求被插入主流中的本地流。然而，这要求接合器主动请求并且控制被混合到主流中的那些流。这种解决方案并不适合于将本地解说添加至广播世界赛事的主流中。在现有技术中，它会要求捕获主流和本地流，同步这两个流并且重新传送组合的流。
发明内容
目前，本发明的目的是改进两个流的同步。这个目的通过根据本发明的方法而达到，所述方法包括下列步骤：
-从主源接收主标记；以及
-发送本地流并同时发送与该本地流有关的本地标记，其中所述本地标记与所述主标记有关。
如上所述，本地源首先接收主标记并且将本地标记与主标记相关联。通过使用主流的主标记和本地流的本地标记，可以同步两个流并且例如使得世界范围内广播的体育赛事具有本地解说或者在正确的时间将本地广告插入该赛事。
在用于从本地源发送的方法的实施例中，尽早发送本地流从而在同步时不延迟主流。当例如将广告插入主流中时，本地源可以基于主时间标记检测到用于插入本地广告的时隙即将到来。源可以已经发送本地流以使得当同步主流和本地流时，不必等待本地流的到达，这可能会延迟主流。
本发明还涉及用于同步发送自主源的、伴随有相关主标记的主流和发送自本地源的、伴随有本地标记的至少一个本地流的方法，所述方法包括下列步骤：
-接收主流和相关主标记；
-接收至少一个本地流和相关本地标记；以及
-基于主标记和本地标记来同步至少一个本地流和主流。
本地标记通过本地源而与主标记相关，以使得当主流和本地流与其各自的标记一起被接收时，可以容易地同步所述流以便例如将本地解说添加至视频流中而不会造成延迟或者在主视频流的正确时隙插入广告。
在用于同步的方法的实施例中，主流和至少一个本地流中的至少一个被延迟以同步这些流。通过延迟领先于其他流的流，可以对其标记并且确保所有的流被正确地同步。
在前述方法之一的优选实施例中，本地标记是主标记的拷贝。
本发明还涉及一种用于发送适于与本地流同步的主流的方法，所述方法包括下列步骤：
-从主源发送主流；以及
-与主流同时发送与该主流相关的主标记。
通过广播与主流相关的主标记，本地源可以接收所广播的主标记并且将它们的广播内容的定时调整至主流。
在根据本发明的方法之一的实施例中，主流和至少一个本地流包括音频和/或视频。
在根据本发明的方法的另一个实施例中，将标记并入各自的流中。标记也可以利用实时传输协议(RTP)而被发送。在后一情况下，将标记并入发送主流或本地流所使用的数据分组的报头中。RTP分组的序号也可以被看作是标记。
在根据本发明的方法的另一实施例中，不同的网络技术可以被用来发送本地和主流。无线方式接收的广播流可以与陆上连接上的本地流同步。
在根据本发明的方法的另一实施例中，本地流可以代表来自主流的用户的反馈。作为例子，电视投票响应可以通过将电视投票事件流中的标记关联于主流上最后接收的标记而与主流的内容相关。
附图说明
将参考附图说明本发明的所述和其他特征。
图1概略地示出了根据本发明的配置；
图2概略地示出了主流以及标记流；
图3概略地示出了本地流以及本地标记流。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的配置。利用这个配置来广播体育赛事，将该体育赛事与来自不同源的本地广告相组合。可以例如在欧洲广播体育赛事并且通过为指定国家插入广告而为欧洲每个国家提供赛事的本地化版本。
广播源1，即主源，作为主流2来广播体育赛事。主流2例如作为MPEG2流那样包括视频和音频。在图2中，更详细示出了这个主流2。主流2包括时隙3，在该时隙中主流2不包括任何音频或视频，或者在该时隙中包括可被例如本地广告替代的一般的音频和视频。这个时隙3由标记a和标记b来标记。
根据本发明，主流2利用实时传输协议(RTP)来标记。RTP时间标记映射到标记a和标记b。在这个例子中，主流和标记流显示为分离的RTP流，其通过RTP时间标记来关联。
当主流2被广播给本地源5并且同步装置(syncer)6也侦听这个主流并且捕获包含于主流中的标记。该标记将告知本地源5何时可以发送本地化广告，以使得同步装置6可以将主流2和本地流7组合在一起。
在本地源5，接收了主流2的标记流4。在这个标记流4中，时隙3由标记a和b来指示。
本地源具有包含时隙8的本地流7，在时隙8中包含本地广告。这个广告时隙8必须被插入主流2的时隙3中。本地流的时隙8也由标记a和b来定义。
基于所接收的主标记流4而生成本地标记流9，其中指示广告时隙8的标记a和b映射到本地流7的RTP时间标记。本地流7和本地标记流9然后被发送到同步装置6。标记流4和RTP流3的RTP时间标记是相同的。本地源5可以根据标记流4和主流2检测出哪个RTP时间标记属于指示时隙3开始的标记a以及哪个时间标记属于指示时隙3结束的标记b。当这些RTP时间标记被确定时，它们可以被拷贝到本地流7的标记流9，其具有也由标记a和b定义的时隙8。
在同步装置6，主流2和主标记流4以及本地流7和本地标记流9被接收。同步装置6将组合主流2和本地流7，以使得主流2的时隙3被填充以本地流的时隙8中的广告。
从图2和图3可以明显看出，本地流7比主流2要早。同步装置6将相应地延迟本地流7以使得广告时隙8在时刻t与主流2的时隙3一致。当本地流被充分地延迟时，流2和7可以被组合以使得本地广告时隙8与主流2的时隙3完全吻合。
本发明的另一个应用是流的叠加。流的叠加例如意味着向包括视频和音频的主流添加包括本地解说的第二音频流。在这种应用中，再次为主流提供标记来指示流内容的参考。这个主流和标记被广播给本地源和同步装置，这与图1所示的配置类似。在本地源，例如解说员考虑音频和视频并同时进行解说。解说员的解说被记录并且与主流标记相组合。这个标记25确保主流中使用的标记对应于音频流中的标记。
在将标记添加给音频流后，音频流和标记被发送给网络。在那里，同步装置侦听本地源的广播并且接收具有本地化解说的附加音频流。同步装置然后组合主流并且将它与包括本地解说的第二音频流组合。由于主流和第二音频流具有相同的标记，同步装置可以容易地延迟其中一个流以使得它们同步，然后将音频与主流组合并将其递送给终端用户。
在本发明的又一应用中，标记没有被用于下行应用，如上文所述，但是用于上行应用。上行应用例如可以是电视投票系统。在这种情况下，标记与主流一起被发送，其中该标记定义了用户可以进行投票的一个时期。第一标记定义了电视投票时间的开始并且规定了同步。结束标记为用户提供了关于投票时期届满的指示。
当用户的投票进入网络时，第一节点担任本地源并且用最后一个接收自主流的标记来对选票加标签，并且上行发送要注册的事件。当分析选票时，同步装置可以检查该选票是否在电视投票时期内并且因此是有效的。在网络入口点是用于注释选票的可信源这一事实的基础上，这在不同用户具有关于主流的不同延迟时是特别有用的，因为选票将相对于主流而被加标签。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于从本地源广播本地流的方法，所述本地流适于与发送自主源的、伴随有相关主标记的主流同步，所述方法包括下列步骤：
- 接收来自所述主源的所述主标记；和
- 发送本地流并同时发送与所述本地流相关的本地标记，其中所述本地标记与所述主标记相关。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述本地流较早地被发送从而不为了同步而延迟所述主流。
3.一种用于同步从主源广播的、伴随有相关主标记的主流和发送自本地源的、伴随有本地标记的至少一个本地流的方法，所述方法包括下列步骤：
- 接收所述主流和所述相关主标记；
- 接收所述至少一个本地流和所述相关本地标记；和
- 基于所述主标记和所述本地标记来同步所述至少一个本地流和所述主流。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述主流和至少一个本地流中的至少一个被延迟以同步这些流。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述本地标记是所述主标记的拷贝。
6.一种发送适于与本地流同步的主流的方法，所述方法包括下列步骤：
- 从主源发送主流；和
- 与所述主流同步地广播与所述主流相关的主标记。
7.根据前述任一权利要求所述的方法，所述主流和至少一个本地流包括音频和/或视频。
8.根据前述任一权利要求所述的方法，其中，所述标记被并入各自的流中。
9.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述标记是利用实时传输协议来发送的。
CNA2008101772850A 2007-12-17 2008-12-11 用于同步至少两个流的方法 Pending CN101465849A (zh)

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EP07291534.1 2007-12-17
EP08290089.5 2008-02-01

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