Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides the assay method of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in a kind of lithium iron phosphate cathode material.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the assay method of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in a kind of lithium iron phosphate cathode material, may further comprise the steps:
The total quantitative determination of iron: the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample with the acid dissolving, is added stannous chloride then so that ferric iron is reduced into ferrous iron, use the dichromate titration ferrous iron again, then
X+Y=T×V
1×0.055845 ①
Formula 1. in,
Ferrous content in the X---1g sample, g
Ferric content in the Y---1g sample, g
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is to ferrous titer, mg/ml
V
1--the total quantitative determination process of-iron consumes the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution, ml;
Ferrous iron assay: in protective atmosphere, the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample is dissolved with acid, use the dichromate titration ferrous iron then, then
X=T×V
2×0.055845 ②
Formula 2. in,
Ferrous content in the X---1g sample, g
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is to ferrous titer, mg/ml
V
2---ferrous iron assay process consumes the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution, ml;
1. 2. can obtain ferric content in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material with formula according to formula.
In the total quantitative determination process of iron, be reduced into ferrous iron fully in order to make ferric iron, the addition of stannous chloride can be excessive, promptly also has remaining stannous chloride after ferric iron is reduced into ferrous iron fully, the Sn that the ionization of residue stannous chloride produces
2+To react with potassium dichromate in follow-up dichromate titration process, this will influence the accuracy of iron total amount measurement result.As the improvement of the inventive method, in the total quantitative determination process of iron, ferric iron is reduced into after the ferrous iron, with before the dichromate titration ferrous iron, also adds mercury bichloride.Remaining like this stannous chloride and mercury bichloride reaction, Sn
2+Oxidized, avoided Sn
2+Adverse effect to iron total amount measurement result accuracy.
The protective atmosphere of ferrous iron assay process can be inert gas atmosphere, vacuum atmosphere or carbon dioxide atmosphere.
The protective atmosphere of ferrous iron assay process produces like this: the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample mixes with acid, sodium bicarbonate, and acid generates carbon dioxide with reaction of sodium bicarbonate, forms carbon-dioxide protecting atmosphere.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: method is simple, and is easy to operate, and reliable results can be for judging LiFePO
4The performance of positive electrode provides direct foundation.
Embodiment
1. the mensuration of iron total amount (dichromate method)
The ultimate principle of the total quantitative determination of iron is in the inventive method: with acid (example hydrochloric acid) sour molten lithium iron phosphate cathode material, add stannous chloride then, if there is Fe
3+, Fe
3+To be chlorinated Ya Xi and be reduced into Fe
2+Use dichromate titration Fe again
2+(comprise LiFePO
4The Fe that the molten back of acid produces
2+And Fe
3+The Fe that obtains after being reduced
2+), the iron of being measured is ferrous iron and ferric summation.Elementary process is as follows:
2Fe
3++Sn
2++6Cl
-→2Fe
2++SnCl
6 2-
Sn
2++4Cl
-+2HgCl
2→SnCl
6 2-+Hg
2Cl
2↓
6Fe
2++Cr
2O
7 2-+14H
+→6Fe
3++2Cr
3++7H
2O
Analytical procedure:
Take by weighing LiFePO
4/ C sample 1.0000g in the 250ml beaker, wash wall of cup with low amounts of water, add the 20ml concentrated hydrochloric acid, cover surface plate, place on the low-temperature furnace and heat, can't be heated to and boil.After about 20 minutes of the low-temperature heat, take off and be cooled to room temperature, move into again and add the water constant volume in the 100ml volumetric flask.The dried then carbon dust that removes by filter, discard initial filtrate, from do the filtrate of filtering, pipette 20ml in the 250ml conical flask again, heating is closely boiled, take off, drip the 100g/L stannous chloride while hot, to yellow the disappearance, after 1~2 of amount, flowing water is cooled to room temperature, adds 10ml mercury bichloride saturated solution, and mixing to white thread precipitation is separated out, left standstill 3 minutes, add 100ml water again, add 20ml sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture, 4~5 diphenylamine sulfonic acid sodium salt indicator, become bluish violet with potassium dichromate standard solution titration to solution by green, be terminal point.
Agents useful for same:
Institute's water is distilled water
Concentrated hydrochloric acid
Take by weighing 10g SnCl
2Be dissolved in the 10ml hydrochloric acid, be diluted with water to the stannous chloride (SnCl that 100ml obtains 100g/L
2) solution
Stannous chloride (SnCl
2) solution, 100g/L: take by weighing 10g SnCl
2Be dissolved in the 10ml hydrochloric acid, be diluted with water to 100ml
Sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture: 150ml sulfuric acid is added in the 500ml water at leisure, and the cooling back adds 150ml phosphoric acid, is diluted with water to 1 liter, and mixing obtains sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture
Mercury bichloride saturated solution (HgCl
2)
The diphenylamine sulfonic acid sodium salt indicator
Take by weighing 1.7599g in advance at 1 hour K of 150 ℃ of oven dry
2Cr
2O
7(standard reagent) in the 250ml beaker, after the low amounts of water dissolving, moves in 1 liter of volumetric flask, adds the water constant volume, obtains potassium dichromate (K
2Cr
2O
7) standard solution.Consume the Fe that this solution of 1ml is equivalent to contain in the sample 0.002000g in the titration process
2+, i.e. the titer T=2.000mg/ml of this solution
Calculate:
If the LiFePO of 1g weight
4Contained ferrous iron amount is X in the/C positive electrode, and contained ferric iron amount is Y, then
X+Y=T * V
1* 0.055845 * 5 (unit is gram) 1.
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is 2.000mg/ml to ferrous titer herein.
V
1Consume the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution in the---full iron mensuration process, unit is ml.
2. ferrous mensuration (dichromate method)
The ultimate principle that ferrous iron is measured: under inert atmosphere protection,, use the ferrous iron in the potassium dichromate standard solution titration acid solution then with acid (example hydrochloric acid) sour molten lithium iron phosphate cathode material (purpose of inert atmosphere protection is to prevent that ferrous iron is oxidised with air to ferric iron under sour environment).
Analytical procedure:
Take by weighing the LiFePO of 0.2000g
4/ C sample places the 300ml conical flask, with low amounts of water washing bottle wall, add the 20ml concentrated hydrochloric acid, add 0.2g~0.5g sodium bicarbonate again, rapidly with bottleneck on the rubber plug cover that has conduit, in the end insertion saturated sodium bicarbonate solution with conduit, be heated to and boil, and keep little and boiled about 20 minutes, take off, treat that conical flask is cooled to room temperature.Move in the glove box, the filling with inert gas protection is filtered then again, and filter residues such as water flushing carbon dust are noted making the filtrate of collection be no more than 120ml.Take out, add 20ml sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture, add 4~5 diphenylamine sulfonic acid sodium salt indicator, again with the potassium dichromate standard solution titration to bluish violet, be terminal point.
Agents useful for same:
Concentrated hydrochloric acid
Sodium bicarbonate (analyzing pure)
Saturated sodium bicarbonate solution
Institute's water is distilled water
Sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture: 150ml sulfuric acid is added in the 500ml water at leisure, and the cooling back adds 150ml phosphoric acid, is diluted with water to 1 liter, and mixing obtains sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture
The diphenylamine sulfonic acid sodium salt indicator
Take by weighing 1.7599g in advance at 1 hour K of 150 ℃ of oven dry
2Cr
2O
7(standard reagent) in the 250ml beaker, after the low amounts of water dissolving, moves in 1 liter of volumetric flask, adds the water constant volume, obtains potassium dichromate (K
2Cr
2O
7) standard solution.Consume the Fe that this solution of 1ml is equivalent to contain in the sample 0.002000g in the titration process
2+, i.e. the titer T=2.000mg/ml of this solution
Calculate
If the LiFePO of 1g weight
4Contained ferrous iron amount is X in the/C positive electrode, then
X=T * V
2* 0.055845 * 5 (unit is gram) 2.
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is 2.000mg/ml to ferrous titer herein
V
2--consume the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution in the-ferrous iron mensuration process, unit is ml
2. 1. convolution can get ferrous iron amount X, ferric iron amount Y with formula, can determine ferrous iron and ferric ratio in the sample by ferrous iron amount X, ferric iron amount Y.
Choose our company and generate used LiFePO
4/ C is that sample is measured ferrous iron and ferric ratio according to the inventive method, is that positive electrode is made button cell according to same manufacture craft with each sample simultaneously, the specific storage of test button cell, and the result is as shown in the table:
Sample |
Ferrous iron (%) |
Ferric iron (%) |
Specific storage (mAh/g) |
1# |
95.09 |
4.91 |
163.3 |
2# |
90.04 |
9.96 |
158.4 |
3# |
85.06 |
14.94 |
147.3 |
As seen, the specific storage of ferric iron content and LiFePO 4 is inversely proportional to.Adopt the inventive method to measure ferrous iron and ferric ratio, can judge the performance of ferrousphosphate lithium material.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation to further describing that the present invention did, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.