CN101464413A - Method for measuring ferrous iron and ferric iron content in lithium iron phosphate anode material - Google Patents

Method for measuring ferrous iron and ferric iron content in lithium iron phosphate anode material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101464413A
CN101464413A CNA2007101254240A CN200710125424A CN101464413A CN 101464413 A CN101464413 A CN 101464413A CN A2007101254240 A CNA2007101254240 A CN A2007101254240A CN 200710125424 A CN200710125424 A CN 200710125424A CN 101464413 A CN101464413 A CN 101464413A
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China
Prior art keywords
iron
ferrous
ferric
lithium
ferrous iron
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CNA2007101254240A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
欧阳曦
万里城
李启
孙鸿飞
刘玉平
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BIKE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY (HUBEI) Co Ltd
Bak International Tianjin Ltd
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Shenzhen Bak Battery Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring the contents of ferrous iron and ferric iron in a lithium iron phosphate positive pole material. The method comprises the following steps: a sample of the lithium iron phosphate positive pole material is resolved in an acid; then stannous chloride is added to change ferric iron into ferrous iron; ferrous iron is subjected to titration with potassium dichromate, so that the total content of iron can be obtained; the sample of lithium iron phosphate positive pole material is resolved in an acid in a protective atmosphere, and then ferrous iron is subjected to titration with potassium dichromate, so that the content of ferrous iron can be obtained; and based on the titration results, the contents of ferrous iron and ferric iron in the lithium iron phosphate positive pole material can be obtained separately. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, and reliable result, and can provide a direct basis for detecting the performance of a LiFePO4 positive pole material.

Description

The assay method of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material
Technical field
The present invention relates to the detection technique of cell positive material quality, especially the detection technique of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material.
Background technology
Because have monomer battery voltage height, energy density height, characteristics such as safe and reliable, lithium ion battery has been widely used in mobile phone, notebook computer, electronic instrument, UPS, various portable power tools etc.Since cobalt acid lithium battery was released market first, lithium battery was more promoted rapidly because of its electrical property advantage and is come.But to be directed at cobalt acid lithium price higher owing to cobalt resource lacks, and the thermal stability of cobalt acid lithium is relatively poor, and cobalt is harmful to environment, and these unfavorable factors have limited the application of cobalt acid lithium.At present, the lithium ion battery material that is used for electrokinetic cell mainly contains LiMn2O4, ternary material and LiFePO4.Olivine-type LiFePO 4Reversibly Li is taken off in embedding +, nontoxic, environmental friendliness, the starting material source is abundant, specific storage is high and good cycle, is the desirable positive electrode of lithium ion battery.Large-scale portable power source is low to the specific storage density requirements of material, and is strict to material price, security performance and environmental-protecting performance, and these all meet LiFePO 4Characteristics, make LiFePO 4Become the power lithium-ion battery preferred material.
LiFePO 4In the positive electrode, more or less all exist as impurity+iron of 3 valence states, almost can be described as and be difficult to avoid.The existence of the iron of+3 valence states will make LiFePO 4The specific storage of positive electrode descends.The content of the iron of+3 valence states is to weigh LiFePO 4An important indicator of positive electrode performance quality.The assay method of ferric iron content will be for judging LiFePO in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material 4The performance of positive electrode provides direct foundation.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides the assay method of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in a kind of lithium iron phosphate cathode material.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the assay method of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in a kind of lithium iron phosphate cathode material, may further comprise the steps:
The total quantitative determination of iron: the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample with the acid dissolving, is added stannous chloride then so that ferric iron is reduced into ferrous iron, use the dichromate titration ferrous iron again, then
X+Y=T×V 1×0.055845 ①
Formula 1. in,
Ferrous content in the X---1g sample, g
Ferric content in the Y---1g sample, g
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is to ferrous titer, mg/ml
V 1--the total quantitative determination process of-iron consumes the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution, ml;
Ferrous iron assay: in protective atmosphere, the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample is dissolved with acid, use the dichromate titration ferrous iron then, then
X=T×V 2×0.055845 ②
Formula 2. in,
Ferrous content in the X---1g sample, g
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is to ferrous titer, mg/ml
V 2---ferrous iron assay process consumes the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution, ml;
1. 2. can obtain ferric content in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material with formula according to formula.
In the total quantitative determination process of iron, be reduced into ferrous iron fully in order to make ferric iron, the addition of stannous chloride can be excessive, promptly also has remaining stannous chloride after ferric iron is reduced into ferrous iron fully, the Sn that the ionization of residue stannous chloride produces 2+To react with potassium dichromate in follow-up dichromate titration process, this will influence the accuracy of iron total amount measurement result.As the improvement of the inventive method, in the total quantitative determination process of iron, ferric iron is reduced into after the ferrous iron, with before the dichromate titration ferrous iron, also adds mercury bichloride.Remaining like this stannous chloride and mercury bichloride reaction, Sn 2+Oxidized, avoided Sn 2+Adverse effect to iron total amount measurement result accuracy.
The protective atmosphere of ferrous iron assay process can be inert gas atmosphere, vacuum atmosphere or carbon dioxide atmosphere.
The protective atmosphere of ferrous iron assay process produces like this: the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample mixes with acid, sodium bicarbonate, and acid generates carbon dioxide with reaction of sodium bicarbonate, forms carbon-dioxide protecting atmosphere.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: method is simple, and is easy to operate, and reliable results can be for judging LiFePO 4The performance of positive electrode provides direct foundation.
Embodiment
1. the mensuration of iron total amount (dichromate method)
The ultimate principle of the total quantitative determination of iron is in the inventive method: with acid (example hydrochloric acid) sour molten lithium iron phosphate cathode material, add stannous chloride then, if there is Fe 3+, Fe 3+To be chlorinated Ya Xi and be reduced into Fe 2+Use dichromate titration Fe again 2+(comprise LiFePO 4The Fe that the molten back of acid produces 2+And Fe 3+The Fe that obtains after being reduced 2+), the iron of being measured is ferrous iron and ferric summation.Elementary process is as follows:
2Fe 3++Sn 2++6Cl -→2Fe 2++SnCl 6 2-
Sn 2++4Cl -+2HgCl 2→SnCl 6 2-+Hg 2Cl 2
6Fe 2++Cr 2O 7 2-+14H +→6Fe 3++2Cr 3++7H 2O
Analytical procedure:
Take by weighing LiFePO 4/ C sample 1.0000g in the 250ml beaker, wash wall of cup with low amounts of water, add the 20ml concentrated hydrochloric acid, cover surface plate, place on the low-temperature furnace and heat, can't be heated to and boil.After about 20 minutes of the low-temperature heat, take off and be cooled to room temperature, move into again and add the water constant volume in the 100ml volumetric flask.The dried then carbon dust that removes by filter, discard initial filtrate, from do the filtrate of filtering, pipette 20ml in the 250ml conical flask again, heating is closely boiled, take off, drip the 100g/L stannous chloride while hot, to yellow the disappearance, after 1~2 of amount, flowing water is cooled to room temperature, adds 10ml mercury bichloride saturated solution, and mixing to white thread precipitation is separated out, left standstill 3 minutes, add 100ml water again, add 20ml sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture, 4~5 diphenylamine sulfonic acid sodium salt indicator, become bluish violet with potassium dichromate standard solution titration to solution by green, be terminal point.
Agents useful for same:
Institute's water is distilled water
Concentrated hydrochloric acid
Take by weighing 10g SnCl 2Be dissolved in the 10ml hydrochloric acid, be diluted with water to the stannous chloride (SnCl that 100ml obtains 100g/L 2) solution
Stannous chloride (SnCl 2) solution, 100g/L: take by weighing 10g SnCl 2Be dissolved in the 10ml hydrochloric acid, be diluted with water to 100ml
Sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture: 150ml sulfuric acid is added in the 500ml water at leisure, and the cooling back adds 150ml phosphoric acid, is diluted with water to 1 liter, and mixing obtains sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture
Mercury bichloride saturated solution (HgCl 2)
The diphenylamine sulfonic acid sodium salt indicator
Take by weighing 1.7599g in advance at 1 hour K of 150 ℃ of oven dry 2Cr 2O 7(standard reagent) in the 250ml beaker, after the low amounts of water dissolving, moves in 1 liter of volumetric flask, adds the water constant volume, obtains potassium dichromate (K 2Cr 2O 7) standard solution.Consume the Fe that this solution of 1ml is equivalent to contain in the sample 0.002000g in the titration process 2+, i.e. the titer T=2.000mg/ml of this solution
Calculate:
If the LiFePO of 1g weight 4Contained ferrous iron amount is X in the/C positive electrode, and contained ferric iron amount is Y, then
X+Y=T * V 1* 0.055845 * 5 (unit is gram) 1.
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is 2.000mg/ml to ferrous titer herein.
V 1Consume the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution in the---full iron mensuration process, unit is ml.
2. ferrous mensuration (dichromate method)
The ultimate principle that ferrous iron is measured: under inert atmosphere protection,, use the ferrous iron in the potassium dichromate standard solution titration acid solution then with acid (example hydrochloric acid) sour molten lithium iron phosphate cathode material (purpose of inert atmosphere protection is to prevent that ferrous iron is oxidised with air to ferric iron under sour environment).
Analytical procedure:
Take by weighing the LiFePO of 0.2000g 4/ C sample places the 300ml conical flask, with low amounts of water washing bottle wall, add the 20ml concentrated hydrochloric acid, add 0.2g~0.5g sodium bicarbonate again, rapidly with bottleneck on the rubber plug cover that has conduit, in the end insertion saturated sodium bicarbonate solution with conduit, be heated to and boil, and keep little and boiled about 20 minutes, take off, treat that conical flask is cooled to room temperature.Move in the glove box, the filling with inert gas protection is filtered then again, and filter residues such as water flushing carbon dust are noted making the filtrate of collection be no more than 120ml.Take out, add 20ml sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture, add 4~5 diphenylamine sulfonic acid sodium salt indicator, again with the potassium dichromate standard solution titration to bluish violet, be terminal point.
Agents useful for same:
Concentrated hydrochloric acid
Sodium bicarbonate (analyzing pure)
Saturated sodium bicarbonate solution
Institute's water is distilled water
Sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture: 150ml sulfuric acid is added in the 500ml water at leisure, and the cooling back adds 150ml phosphoric acid, is diluted with water to 1 liter, and mixing obtains sulphur-phosphorus nitration mixture
The diphenylamine sulfonic acid sodium salt indicator
Take by weighing 1.7599g in advance at 1 hour K of 150 ℃ of oven dry 2Cr 2O 7(standard reagent) in the 250ml beaker, after the low amounts of water dissolving, moves in 1 liter of volumetric flask, adds the water constant volume, obtains potassium dichromate (K 2Cr 2O 7) standard solution.Consume the Fe that this solution of 1ml is equivalent to contain in the sample 0.002000g in the titration process 2+, i.e. the titer T=2.000mg/ml of this solution
Calculate
If the LiFePO of 1g weight 4Contained ferrous iron amount is X in the/C positive electrode, then
X=T * V 2* 0.055845 * 5 (unit is gram) 2.
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is 2.000mg/ml to ferrous titer herein
V 2--consume the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution in the-ferrous iron mensuration process, unit is ml
2. 1. convolution can get ferrous iron amount X, ferric iron amount Y with formula, can determine ferrous iron and ferric ratio in the sample by ferrous iron amount X, ferric iron amount Y.
Choose our company and generate used LiFePO 4/ C is that sample is measured ferrous iron and ferric ratio according to the inventive method, is that positive electrode is made button cell according to same manufacture craft with each sample simultaneously, the specific storage of test button cell, and the result is as shown in the table:
Sample Ferrous iron (%) Ferric iron (%) Specific storage (mAh/g)
1# 95.09 4.91 163.3
2# 90.04 9.96 158.4
3# 85.06 14.94 147.3
As seen, the specific storage of ferric iron content and LiFePO 4 is inversely proportional to.Adopt the inventive method to measure ferrous iron and ferric ratio, can judge the performance of ferrousphosphate lithium material.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation to further describing that the present invention did, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1, the assay method of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
The total quantitative determination of iron: the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample with the acid dissolving, is added stannous chloride then so that ferric iron is reduced into ferrous iron, use the dichromate titration ferrous iron again, then
X+Y=T×V 1×0.055845 ①
Formula 1. in,
Ferrous content in the X---1g sample, g
Ferric content in the Y---1g sample, g
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is to ferrous titer, mg/ml
V 1The total quantitative determination process of----iron consumes the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution, ml;
Ferrous iron assay: in protective atmosphere, the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample is dissolved with acid, use the dichromate titration ferrous iron then, then
X=T×V 2×0.055845 ②
Formula 2. in,
Ferrous content in the X---1g sample, g
T---potassium dichromate standard solution is to ferrous titer, mg/ml
V 2---ferrous iron assay process consumes the volume of potassium dichromate standard solution, ml;
1. 2. can obtain ferric content in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material with formula according to formula.
2, assay method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the total quantitative determination process of iron, ferric iron is reduced into after the ferrous iron, with before the dichromate titration ferrous iron, also adds mercury bichloride.
3, assay method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the protective atmosphere of ferrous iron assay process can be inert gas atmosphere, vacuum atmosphere or carbon dioxide atmosphere.
4, assay method according to claim 1 and 2; it is characterized in that: the protective atmosphere of ferrous iron assay process produces like this: the lithium iron phosphate cathode material sample mixes with acid, sodium bicarbonate; acid generates carbon dioxide with reaction of sodium bicarbonate, forms carbon-dioxide protecting atmosphere.
CNA2007101254240A 2007-12-21 2007-12-21 Method for measuring ferrous iron and ferric iron content in lithium iron phosphate anode material Pending CN101464413A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101949911A (en) * 2010-08-09 2011-01-19 中钢集团安徽天源科技股份有限公司 Method for measuring ferrous ions in carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate
CN102323133A (en) * 2011-10-09 2012-01-18 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 Method for measuring total iron content in directly-reduced iron
CN102323228A (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-01-18 恒正科技(苏州)有限公司 The assay method of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material
CN102841122A (en) * 2012-08-20 2012-12-26 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Fe<2+> content rapid analysis method for LiFePO4 (lithium iron phosphate)/C (carbon) composite anode material
CN103226099A (en) * 2013-03-25 2013-07-31 常州大学 Method for determining content of ferric iron in lithium iron phosphate
CN105548460A (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-05-04 东旭科技集团有限公司 Method for measuring tin oxide content
CN104483305B (en) * 2014-12-02 2017-01-18 江苏元景锂粉工业有限公司 Method for determining content of carbon in lithium iron phosphate
CN108037238A (en) * 2018-02-11 2018-05-15 中国科学院海洋研究所 A kind of dichromate titration for measuring silicate rock divalence iron content
CN109752375A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-05-14 天津市环境保护科学研究院 A kind of device and method of real-time detection ferrous ion concentration
CN110967444A (en) * 2019-12-19 2020-04-07 新邵辰州锑业有限责任公司 Method for detecting ferric ions in pulp electrolyte sample
CN114563537A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-05-31 瑞浦兰钧能源股份有限公司 Method for rapidly judging cycle life of lithium iron phosphate battery

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101949911B (en) * 2010-08-09 2013-03-20 中钢集团安徽天源科技股份有限公司 Method for measuring ferrous ions in carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate
CN101949911A (en) * 2010-08-09 2011-01-19 中钢集团安徽天源科技股份有限公司 Method for measuring ferrous ions in carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate
CN102323228A (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-01-18 恒正科技(苏州)有限公司 The assay method of ferrous iron and ferric iron content in the lithium iron phosphate cathode material
CN102323133A (en) * 2011-10-09 2012-01-18 武钢集团昆明钢铁股份有限公司 Method for measuring total iron content in directly-reduced iron
CN102841122A (en) * 2012-08-20 2012-12-26 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) Fe<2+> content rapid analysis method for LiFePO4 (lithium iron phosphate)/C (carbon) composite anode material
CN103226099A (en) * 2013-03-25 2013-07-31 常州大学 Method for determining content of ferric iron in lithium iron phosphate
CN104483305B (en) * 2014-12-02 2017-01-18 江苏元景锂粉工业有限公司 Method for determining content of carbon in lithium iron phosphate
CN105548460A (en) * 2015-12-30 2016-05-04 东旭科技集团有限公司 Method for measuring tin oxide content
CN105548460B (en) * 2015-12-30 2018-01-26 东旭科技集团有限公司 A kind of method for determining stannous oxide content
CN108037238A (en) * 2018-02-11 2018-05-15 中国科学院海洋研究所 A kind of dichromate titration for measuring silicate rock divalence iron content
CN109752375A (en) * 2019-03-18 2019-05-14 天津市环境保护科学研究院 A kind of device and method of real-time detection ferrous ion concentration
CN110967444A (en) * 2019-12-19 2020-04-07 新邵辰州锑业有限责任公司 Method for detecting ferric ions in pulp electrolyte sample
CN114563537A (en) * 2022-04-29 2022-05-31 瑞浦兰钧能源股份有限公司 Method for rapidly judging cycle life of lithium iron phosphate battery

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Effective date of registration: 20090925

Address after: Beek Industrial Park, Kwai Chung street, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong

Applicant after: Shenzhen Beek Battery Co., Ltd.

Co-applicant after: Bak International (Tianjin) Limited

Co-applicant after: Bike Environmental Protection and New Material Technology (Hubei) Co., Ltd.

Address before: Buji Industrial Park, Kwai Chung Street, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

Applicant before: Shenzhen BAK Battery Co., Ltd.

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Application publication date: 20090624