CN101464231B - Deep water water quality measurement multi-point sampler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a deep water type water quality measurement multi-point sampler comprising a power supply, a display instrument, a control switch, an upper-and-lower linkage valve, a liquid level transducer, and a sampler main body consisting of four sampling bottles; the sampling bottles are fixed by fixing rings, and then fixedly connected to the steel cable part at the bottom end of the cable connecting wire; the liquid level transducer at the bottom end of the cable conductor converts a water body signal in the sampling bottles into an electrical signal which is transferred to the display instrument for display through the integrated control switch; and the upper-and-lower linkage valve is merged into the cable conductor through a linkage valve control wire, and then connected to the control switch. The arrangement of the upper-and-lower linkage valve overcomes the technical difficulty in gas discharging in the prior deep water sampling; due to the modularized composition, the sampler is convenient and quick to assemble; the quantificational water sampling can be carried out at definite depth; the problem that the prior single-port water collection causes damage to the flow field is solved; and meanwhile, the valve can be switched on or off instantaneously, and the leak prevention effect is good. Therefore, the efficiency and the accuracy of deep water sampling are improved. With good practicability, the invention is easy to popularize and apply.

Description

Deep water water quality measurement multi-point sampler

technical field

The invention relates to environmental water quality monitoring and hydrological measurement technology, in particular to a deep-water type water quality measurement multi-point novel sampler for monitoring and analyzing water body quality.

Background technique

With the increasing intensity and speed of water resources development and utilization and the increasing awareness of people's ecological environment, water environment issues are gradually being paid attention to at home and abroad. At present, water environment is the focus of domestic environmental protection and project environmental assessment related work. The water quality element as an evaluation index of water environment is an important indicator to measure the degree of damage to water areas and whether drinking water is healthy. Accurate water quality indicators can provide a reliable basis for environmental protection, and water sample collection is an important part of the work. It is not a simple collection of water samples, but water samples for analysis must be representative and can accurately reflect the concentration and indicators of water quality parameters [Chi Jing et al. Quality assurance measures in the process of environmental water sample collection [J]. Environmental Monitoring Management and Technology, 2007, 2: 57-59]. There are many factors that affect water sample collection, such as sampling point, sampling instrument, sampling volume, sampling method and even water sample storage, etc. Changes in any one factor may lead to changes in analysis results [Zhang Jingdong. A step that cannot be underestimated in water quality monitoring- Water sample collection [J]. Yunnan Environmental Science, 1996, 6: 59-60]. Therefore, how to make the collected water samples truly and accurately reflect the water quality is the first problem that must be solved in the monitoring and analysis work. Because the bottom water of oceans and lakes has a decisive influence on the adsorption and release of pollutants [Huang Wendian, Li Jia et al. Effects of sediment content on the degradation and oxygen consumption of aerobic organic pollutants in water bodies [J]. People's Yangtze River, 2005, 4:55 ~57], and the change law of pollutants in the vertical water depth is also an important indicator to reflect the pollution of water bodies [Li Hong, Li Jia, etc. Fractal surface and fractal adsorption model of sediment [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Science, 2003, 3: 14-17], therefore, being able to collect water samples at a fixed depth is the primary problem and technical difficulty in water environment monitoring.

my country has the most hydropower resources in the world, especially the scale of hydropower development in the western region is expanding year by year. Building a power station will form a huge deep-water reservoir, which will bring many environmental problems. Among them, the formation of the reservoir has changed the water temperature distribution of the original river channel. The water temperature in the deep water layer near the bottom of the reservoir is low and the vertical water temperature has obvious changes. This will have a great impact on the growth and reproduction of fish and other aquatic organisms and the irrigation of coastal crops Serious impact [Deng Yun, Li Jia et al. Research on reservoir temperature difference gravity flow model [J]. Journal of Hydraulic Science, 2003, 7: 7 ~ 11]. At the same time, the changes in the diffusion of pollutants caused by the influence of water temperature stratification; the release of pollutants from the sediment near the bottom of the reservoir are very important research topics; have an important impact on the life of the reservoir. Therefore, the change of the diffusion law of the above-mentioned water environment pollutants and the release law of pollutants from the sediment near the bottom of the reservoir are very important research topics; and the movement of sandy and muddy water in the reservoir caused by the sediment in the flood season will have an important impact on the life of the reservoir. . Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned water environment problems, it is necessary to sample and analyze the water body after the reservoir is completed to study the indicators such as temperature, sediment content and pollutant content [Deng Yun, Li Jia et al. Research on the three-dimensional movement characteristics of sandy water discharged into the lake[ J]. Hydrodynamic Research and Progress A, 2001, 9: 295-302]. This also requires sampling and observation of relatively deep water bodies. Traditional sampling methods can only obtain surface water bodies, and there is no reliable means to collect deep water water samples. It will have a negative impact on the subsequent analysis and research of water samples. There are some automatic sampling machines used in oceans in foreign countries, but the cost is expensive, the engineering principles are complicated, and the maintenance cost is high, so it is difficult to promote.

With the development of energy industries such as hydropower and mining in the western mountainous areas of my country, and in order to meet the urgent requirements of environmental protection, there is an urgent need for a collection instrument with reasonable cost and simple working principle, and the implementation of the present invention has practical application significance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects in the prior art, especially to meet the technical requirements for positioning sampling of deep water bodies in water areas, and to provide a new multi-point sampler for deep-water water quality measurement for monitoring and analyzing water quality. The sampler can meet the actual requirements of deep water sample collection in terms of sampling method, positioning accuracy, sampling volume and field operation, and is convenient to carry and store, and can be assembled quickly on site, which can meet the needs of field monitoring work; secondly, it can quickly Accurate positioning depth, quantitative, multi-point, multi-volume sampling; and exhaust the underwater container as quickly as possible; thus it can meet the analysis of water quality parameters such as COD, BOD, total phosphorus and nitrogen, etc., and the working principle is simple and the cost is low .

In order to realize the purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts the technical solution that is formed by the following measures to realize.

The multi-point sampler for deep-water water quality measurement of the present invention includes an external power supply, a depth indicator, a control switch, an upper linkage electric valve and a lower linkage electric valve, a liquid level transmitter and a sampler main body composed of four sampling bottles. The first sampling bottle, the second sampling bottle, the third sampling bottle and the fourth sampling bottle of the main body of the sampler are connected and fixed by a screw-type fixing ring, and then connected to the steel cable part at the bottom end of the cable connection line, external power supply and depth indicator and control The switch is connected to the cable part of the cable connection line. The upper linkage electric valve and the lower linkage electric valve are connected to the cable part of the cable connection line through the linkage valve control connection line and then connected to the control switch. The bottom end of the liquid level transmitter is connected to the bottom of the sampling bottle. The ends are located on the same plane, and the liquid level transmitter is connected to the control switch and the depth indicator through a cable connection.

In the above technical solution, the control switch includes a control switch integrated with a power switch, a liquid level transmitter switch, an upper linkage electric valve switch and a lower linkage electric valve switch.

In the above technical solution, in order to sample when the flow velocity at the bottom of the water body is high, lead fish, or other heavy objects, or related water quality detection probes can be hung on the additional hanging point at the bottom of the linkage electric valve control connection line.

In the above technical solution, the sampling bottle of the main body of the sampler is made of transparent engineering material, and the volume scale is engraved on it.

In the above technical solution, the upper linkage electric valve and the lower linkage electric valve are respectively arranged at the upper port and the lower port of the first sampling bottle.

The working principle of the present invention is: when the sampler is put into the water body, the water depth sensor arranged below as the probe of the liquid level transmitter detects the depth of the water body, and its signal is converted into an electrical signal by the liquid level transmitter, and the electrical signal It is controlled by the control switch and sent to the depth indicator for display.

The advantages that the present invention has and the positive effect that produce are as follows:

1. The sampler of the present invention is composed of modules, which is convenient and quick to assemble, and the length of the cable and the number of sampling bottles can be adjusted in time according to the needs of field observation.

2. The present invention can perform water body sampling at a fixed depth and quantitatively, and minimize measurement errors caused by human factors.

3. The working principle of the present invention is simple, easy to use and carry, and low in cost; it provides a more convenient and scientific sampling instrument for water conservancy, environmental protection and mining departments.

4. The present invention adopts upper and lower linked waterproof electric valves to sample water bodies, which not only solves the existing shortcomings of single-port water intake that destroys the flow field, but more importantly solves the technical difficulty of the sampler’s difficulty in exhausting water, improving sampling efficiency and accuracy. sex.

5. The present invention can adjust multi-point sampling according to needs, has strong adaptability and is easy to popularize.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 structural representation of deep-water type water quality measurement multi-point sampler of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the linkage working state of the upper and lower linkage waterproof electric valves in Figure 1. In the figure, 15 is an elevation view of the closed state of the upper and lower linkage electric valves; 16 is an elevation view of the open state of the upper and lower linkage electric valves; ; 18 Sectional view of the open state of the upper and lower linkage electric valves.

In the figure, 1 external power supply; 2 depth indicator; 3 control switch; 4 cable connecting line; 5 upper linkage electric valve; 6 first sampling bottle; 7 second sampling bottle; 8 third sampling bottle; 9 fourth sampling bottle ; 10 Tighten-type fixed ring; 11 lower linkage electric valve; 12 linkage electric valve control connection line; 13 liquid level transmitter; 14 additional hanging point.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the content described in the embodiments.

In Fig. 1, the multi-point sampler for deep-water water quality measurement of the present invention includes an external power supply 1, a depth indicator 2, a control switch 3, an upper linkage electric valve 5 and a lower linkage electric valve 11, a liquid level transmitter 13, and a sampler Main body; wherein the sampler main body includes a first sampling bottle 6, a second sampling bottle 7, a third sampling bottle 8 and a fourth sampling bottle 9, and the external power supply is connected to the depth display instrument and the control switch through a cable connection line 4 cable part , the four sampling bottles are connected and fixed by the tightening ring 10, and then connected to the steel cable part at the bottom of the cable connection line, the upper linkage electric valve 5 and the lower linkage electric valve 11 are connected to the cable connection line through the linkage electric valve control connection line 12 The cable part is connected with the control switch again, and the bottom end of the liquid level transmitter 13 is located on the same plane as the bottom end of the sampling bottle, and the liquid level transmitter is connected with the control switch 3 and the depth indicator 2 through the cable connecting line. The water depth sensor of the liquid level transmitter probe detects the depth of the water body, and its signal is converted into an electrical signal by the liquid level transmitter. The electrical signal is controlled by the control switch and sent to the depth indicator for display.

The cable connecting line 4 includes cables and steel wires for reinforcement. If the depth of the water body to be measured exceeds 300m, a winch should be added to facilitate the collection of the cable connecting line. Add lead fish or other heavy objects, or related water quality detection probes.

The external power supply part can choose AC or DC power supply according to the time and intensity of field observation, and usually adopts battery packs (2 to 4 pieces) for easy portability.

The liquid level transmitter adopts a domestic water depth sensor, with a measurement range of 250m and an accuracy of about 0.1m, which can meet the measurement requirements. At the same time, the transmitter can simultaneously reflect the water depth to the depth indicator of the surveyor through the cable, and there is no control lag time.

The opening and closing of the upper and lower linkage electric valves 5 and 11 is completed by the operator sending a signal on the control switch 3 through the control connection line 12 connected with the linkage electric valves. The working mechanism of the upper and lower linkage electric valves is shown in Figure 2. The closing and opening of the valve is completed instantly, and the leakage prevention effect is good. The modularized sampling container can be equipped with different numbers and volumes of sampling bottles according to the needs of field observation, and continuous sampling can be realized when sampling water bodies of different depths at the same measuring point.

Example

Before sampling, first connect the external power supply 1 to the cable connecting line 4, install the liquid level transmitter 13, the depth indicator 2 and the control switch 3 on the cable part of the cable connecting line 4, and connect the bottom end of the liquid level transmitter to the sampling line. The bottom of the main body of the device is located on the same plane, and the first sampling bottle 6, the second sampling bottle 7, the third sampling bottle 8 and the fourth sampling bottle 9 are fixed with a tightening ring 10, and connected to the steel cable part of the cable connecting line 4 . The upper linkage electric valve 5 and the lower linkage electric valve 11 are connected to the cable part of the cable connection line 4 through the linkage electric valve connection control line 12, and finally connected to the control switch 3. So far, the assembly of the deep water sampler is completed.

This embodiment is aimed at sampling the water body in the reservoir of a hydropower station with a water depth of 100m for water quality detection. Four water samples are taken respectively at the depth of the water body at 100m, 50m, 25m, and 10m. Since the water body does not contain strong corrosion, the main body of the sampler The material is transparent engineering plastics.

In actual operation, a speedboat is used as a means of transportation during the reservoir inspection process. The power supply 1 uses 2 sets of 12v batteries, the cable connection line 4 uses a length of 150m, and the bottom end of the cable connection line has an additional hanging point 14 and a 5kg lead fish. During the sampling operation, when the speedboat enters the point to be measured in the reservoir, reduce the speed of the boat and try to keep it at the same position. Put the first sampling bottle 6, the second sampling bottle 7, the third sampling bottle 8 and the fourth sampling bottle 9 in the main part of the sampler, the liquid level transmitter 13 and the cable connection line 4 into the water slowly, and turn on the external power supply 1 And the depth display instrument 2, the liquid level transmitter 13 probe is under pressure to feed back the water depth value to the depth display instrument, and when the display instrument shows that the depth of a certain sampling is close to 100m, slow down the speed of the cable connection line, and wait until it is just right. When the depth of 100m is displayed, turn on the upper and lower linkage electric valve switch that controls the first sampling bottle in the control switch 3, so that the upper linkage valve 5 and the lower linkage valve 11 are opened at the same time, after 20s, close the upper and lower linkage electric valve switch, and slowly When the water depth is 50m, open the upper and lower linkage electric valve switch that controls the second sampling bottle to take samples. The same is true, and the third sampling bottle is used for sampling at a depth of 25m, and the fourth sampling bottle is used for sampling at a depth of 10m. Take a sample.

Finally, take back the sampler to obtain water samples at four different water depths, and thus complete the process of obtaining a deep water sample. Provide a reliable guarantee for quantitative and accurate water quality analysis.

Claims (5)

1. deep water type water quality measurement multi-point sampling device, it is characterized in that comprising external power supply (1), degree of depth display instrument (2), gauge tap (3), the last interlock electrically operated valve (5) and the electrically operated valve (11) that links down, fluid level transmitter (13) and four sampler main bodys that sampling jar constitutes, first sampling jar (6) of described sampler main body, second sampling jar (7), the 3rd sampling jar (8) and the 4th sampling jar (9) are connected and fixed the wirerope part that is connected to the cable link bottom by tightening formula set collar (10), external power supply (1), degree of depth display instrument (2) is connected with cable link (4) cable section with gauge tap (3), the last interlock electrically operated valve and the electrically operated valve that links down are connected with gauge tap be connected to the cable section of cable link by interstage valve gate control connecting line (12) after again, fluid level transmitter bottom and sampling jar bottom are positioned at same plane, and fluid level transmitter is connected with degree of depth display instrument with gauge tap by cable link.

2. deep water type water quality measurement multi-point sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that described gauge tap (3) by power switch, the fluid level transmitter switch, on link electrically operated valve switch and down interlock electrically operated valve switch is integrated forms.

3. deep water type water quality measurement multi-point sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that can carrying additionally fish lead on the additional hanging point (14) of described cable link (4) bottom, or the correlation water detection probe.

4. deep water type water quality measurement multi-point sampling device according to claim 1, the sampling jar that it is characterized in that described sampler main body are that transparent construction material is made, and are marked with volume markings on it.

5. deep water type water quality measurement multi-point sampling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the described interlock electrically operated valve (5) of going up is arranged on first sampling jar (6) top port, and following interlock electrically operated valve (11) is arranged on first sampling jar below port.

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