The efficient pipe external evaporation heat exchanger that has disturbance and safe oil return
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of interior refrigeration working medium of cooling condensation pipe in the refrigeration system, pipe external evaporation heat exchanger that cooling tube contains cold working medium of being applied to.
Background technology
At industry and commercial field, mainly there is following shortcoming in the package type pipe external evaporation heat exchanger that uses in the existing refrigeration system:
1. charge refrigeration working medium according to certain liquid level between the package outside the evaporation and heat-exchange organ pipe, form vaporific owing to disturbance in the housing, because gas directly flows out from evaporating heat exchanger by gas working medium outlet, easy entrained drip when steam is drawn causes the liquid hammer accident of compressor.
2. the working medium of heat absorption evaporation in the large space between package, lubricating oil or be suspended in liquid surface or be deposited on below the liquid relies on compressor suction gas band oil, and lubricating oil can not in time be got back to compressor swimmingly, can not guarantee the lubricants capacity of compressor.
3. if the heat exchanger tube of evaporating heat exchanger employing is longer, gripper shoe need be set, heat exchange area is reduced, be to guarantee heat exchange area, the length of evaporating heat exchanger increases, and size increases, and occupation of land increases, and consumable material increases, and weight increases.
4. evaporating heat exchanger adopts the structure of circular heat exchanger tube interlaced arrangement, is unfavorable for the rising of bubble, influences the heat exchange effect.
In the fresh-keeping cascade refrigeration system of Food Freezing and Cold Storage such as supermarket, carry the heat exchanger of cold working medium, the outer evaporation and heat-exchange of high temperature circulation refrigeration working medium pipe for temperature circulation in cooling condensation low temperature circularly cooling working medium, the cooling, should carry the thermal performance characteristics of cold working medium at low temperature circularly cooling working medium, the circulation of middle temperature, as natural refrigerant CO
2, its viscosity is little, flow resistance is little, needs to adopt the pipe external evaporation heat exchanger of minim channel heat exchanger tube, to save metal material, reduces the occupation of land space, weight reduction.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome weak point of the prior art, a kind of generation that can prevent the liquid hammer accident to be provided, enhanced heat exchange effect, minimizing heat exchange area, the pipe external evaporation heat exchanger with good oil return performance.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of efficient pipe external evaporation heat exchanger that has disturbance and safe oil return, it is characterized in that, comprise housing cylindraceous, first end socket, first tube sheet, second end socket, second tube sheet, many vertical flat heat exchange pipe of placing side by side, horizontal flat heat exchange pipe, be respectively arranged with a plurality of inner passages in described vertical flat heat exchange pipe and the horizontal flat heat exchange pipe, weld with first tube sheet and second tube sheet respectively at the two ends of described housing, be respectively arranged with horizontal flat heat exchange pipe hole and a plurality of vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole on described first tube sheet and second tube sheet, be connected with sealing gasket by connecting bolt between described first tube sheet and first end socket, be separated into second diffluence room by first dividing plate between described first end socket and first tube sheet, liquid compiles the chamber, and described liquid compiles the outside and is connected with the first worker quality liquid discharge connection; Be connected with sealing gasket by connecting bolt between described second tube sheet and second end socket, be separated into first diffluence room, the 3rd diffluence room by second partition between described second end socket and second tube sheet, described first diffluence room outside is connected with the first Working medium gas entrance sleeve; Many vertical flat heat exchange pipe of placing side by side are arranged on lower space in the housing, the vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole that the vertical flat heat exchange pipe of a part is passed on first tube sheet and second tube sheet is communicated with second diffluence room and first diffluence room, and the vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole that the vertical flat heat exchange pipe of another part is passed on first tube sheet and second tube sheet is communicated with second diffluence room and the 3rd diffluence room; Horizontal flat heat exchange pipe is arranged on housing internal upper part space, and horizontal flat heat exchange pipe is passed the horizontal flat heat exchange pipe hole on first tube sheet and second tube sheet and is communicated with liquid and compiles chamber and the 3rd diffluence room; Every vertical flat heat exchange pipe respectively with first tube sheet and second tube sheet on vertical flat heat exchange pipe eyelet welding connect, horizontal flat heat exchange pipe respectively with first tube sheet and second tube sheet on horizontal flat heat exchange pipe eyelet welding connect; Be connected with the second Working medium gas discharge connection in the upper end of housing, be connected with the second worker quality liquid entrance sleeve in the lower end of housing.
Be connected with the second worker quality liquid tube connector in the lower end of housing, the end of the described second worker quality liquid tube connector is communicated with injecting chamber, anemostat one end of bell mouth shape is communicated with described injecting chamber, the other end is connected with the lower end of housing, the end of the second working medium highly pressurised liquid tube connector places in the described injecting chamber, is provided with the nozzle that is connected with the second working medium highly pressurised liquid tube connector with the corresponding position, trunnion position of anemostat.
Oil return pipe one end is connected with the second Working medium gas discharge connection by the oil return control valve, and the other end places in the housing, the position of the topmost of the extremely vertical flat heat exchange pipe in end, and the end that oil return pipe stretches in the housing is fixed with temperature sensor.
Be provided with a plurality of heat exchange wings in each inner passage of every vertical flat heat exchange pipe, be provided with a plurality of heat exchange wings in each inner passage of described horizontal flat heat exchange pipe.
The housing and the second Working medium gas discharge connection are welded to connect, be welded to connect between the second Working medium gas discharge connection and the oil return pipe, be welded to connect between housing and the oil return pipe, be welded to connect between the second worker quality liquid entrance sleeve and the housing, be welded to connect between anemostat and the housing, be welded to connect between the second worker quality liquid tube connector and the housing.
The present invention has following technique effect:
1. the efficient pipe external evaporation heat exchanger that has disturbance and safe oil return of the present invention, adopt vertical flat heat exchange pipe and horizontal flat heat exchange pipe structure combining, side by side the vertical flat heat exchange pipe of placing obviously increases the space between the pipe of the more original interlaced arrangement of intertubular space, and it is unobstructed, the outer bubble rising resistance that forms of flat heat exchange pipe reduces, be easy to bubble and rise rapidly, strengthened the heat exchange effect.Be placed on the horizontal flat heat exchange pipe in the housing upper space, can block in the housing, avoid the gas entrained drip, prevent the generation of liquid hammer accident because that disturbance forms is vaporific.
2. the second working medium highly pressurised liquid enters the second working medium high-pressure fluid tube connector, and spray at a high speed by nozzle, the interruption-forming vacuum is gone at trunnion position at anemostat, liquid by the next low pressure of the second worker quality liquid tube connector is inhaled into, two fluid streams are mixed the action amount exchange of going forward side by side at the trunnion position, the kinetic energy of the liquid that is transferred is increased, by anemostat most of kinetic energy is converted to the pressure energy at last after, enter in the housing.Because the injection of high-pressure fluid, working medium in the housing is ceaselessly flowed, working medium in the housing has been formed disturbance, the bubble that the flat heat exchange pipe outer surface is formed is taken away fast, has quickened the formation of bubble, has strengthened the heat exchange effect, evaporation and heat-exchange to identical heat exchange amount can reduce heat exchange area, reduce the size of heat exchanger, reduce cost, energy savings.
3. on the second Working medium gas discharge connection, be connected with oil return pipe, oil return pipe stretches to the control liquid level of second working medium in the housing, the end that oil return pipe stretches in the housing is provided with temperature sensor, the liquid, gas that can utilize second working medium is different with the coefficient of heat conduction of lubricating oil, control oil return and feed flow, can accurately control the height of liquid level, avoid liquid to enter compressor effectively, prevent the generation of the liquid hammer accident of compressor.Simultaneously, oil return well can guarantee the reliability service of system.
4. in the inner passage of vertically flat heat exchange pipe and horizontal flat heat exchange pipe, be processed into have various in the structure of wing, can strengthen the heat exchange of interior first working medium of passage.
5. be respectively between the housing and first tube sheet, second tube sheet, the second Working medium gas discharge connection, the second worker quality liquid entrance sleeve, anemostat, the second worker quality liquid tube connector and be welded to connect, can prevent the leakage of second working medium effectively.
6. the people of first working medium and second working medium is fluid interchange, good effect of heat exchange.
7. because the rigidity that flat heat exchange pipe itself has sagging distortion can not take place, so gripper shoe is not set, do not influence heat exchange area, appearance and size is little, and is in light weight.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 has the schematic diagram of the efficient pipe external evaporation heat exchanger of disturbance and safe oil return for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the first end enclosure structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the second end enclosure structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the first tube plate structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the A-A cutaway view;
Fig. 6 is the B-B cutaway view.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 comprises housing 5 cylindraceous, first end socket 2, first tube sheet 4, second end socket 11, second tube sheet 12, many vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8, horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9 of placing side by side for the schematic diagram that the present invention has the efficient pipe external evaporation heat exchanger of disturbance and safe oil return.Vertically flat heat exchange pipe 8 and horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9 form by the aluminium extruding, and in vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8 and a plurality of small inner passages of horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9 inner formation.Weld with first tube sheet 4 and second tube sheet 12 respectively at the two ends of housing 5.The schematic diagram of first tube sheet as shown in Figure 4, on first tube sheet 4, be respectively arranged with connecting bolt hole 27, horizontal flat heat exchange pipe hole 28 and a plurality of vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole 29, second tube sheet 12 is identical with the structure of first tube sheet 4, also is respectively arranged with connecting bolt hole, horizontal flat heat exchange pipe hole and a plurality of vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole on second tube sheet 12.
The schematic diagram of first end socket as shown in Figure 2, the connecting bolt 3 that is evenly distributed with on a plurality of and first tube sheet between corresponding connecting bolt hole 19, the first tube sheets 4 and first end socket 2 by passing the connecting bolt hole 19 on connecting bolt hole 27 and first end socket on first tube sheet at the first end socket upper edge circumference is connected with sealing gasket.Between first end socket 2 and first tube sheet 4 by first dividing plate 21 be separated into second diffluence room 22, liquid compiles chamber 20, liquid compiles 20 outsides, chamber and is connected with the first worker quality liquid discharge connection 1.The schematic diagram of second end socket as shown in Figure 3, the connecting bolt that is evenly distributed with on a plurality of and second tube sheet between corresponding connecting bolt hole 23, the second tube sheets 12 and second end socket 11 by passing the connecting bolt hole on connecting bolt hole and second end socket on second tube sheet at the second end socket upper edge circumference is connected with sealing gasket.Between second end socket 11 and second tube sheet 12 by second partition 25 be separated into first diffluence room 26,24, the first diffluence room of the 3rd diffluence room, 26 outsides are connected with the first Working medium gas entrance sleeve 10.
Many vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8 of placing side by side are arranged in the housing 5 interior lower space, many vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8 of placing side by side are divided into two parts, the vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole that the vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8-1 of a part passes on first tube sheet and second tube sheet is communicated with second diffluence room 22 and first diffluence room 26, and the vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole that the vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8-2 of another part passes on first tube sheet and second tube sheet is communicated with second diffluence room 22 and the 3rd diffluence room 24.Horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9 is arranged on housing internal upper part space, and the horizontal flat heat exchange pipe hole connection liquid that horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9 is passed on first tube sheet and second tube sheet compiles chamber 20 and the 3rd diffluence room 24.Every vertical flat heat exchange pipe respectively with first tube sheet and second tube sheet on vertical flat heat exchange pipe eyelet welding connect, horizontal flat heat exchange pipe respectively with first tube sheet and second tube sheet on horizontal flat heat exchange pipe eyelet welding connect.Be connected with the second Working medium gas discharge connection 6 in the upper end of housing 5, be connected with the second worker quality liquid entrance sleeve 14 in the lower end of housing 5.
In order to form disturbance to the housing inner fluid, be connected with the second worker quality liquid tube connector 13 in the lower end of housing 5, the end of the second worker quality liquid tube connector 13 is communicated with injecting chamber 31, anemostat 16 1 ends of bell mouth shape are communicated with described injecting chamber 31, the other end is connected with the lower end of housing 5, the end of the second working medium highly pressurised liquid tube connector 18 places in the described injecting chamber 31, is provided with the nozzle 15 that is connected with the second working medium highly pressurised liquid tube connector 18 with the 17 corresponding positions, trunnion position of anemostat.
Oil return pipe 7 one ends are connected with the second Working medium gas discharge connection 6 by oil return control valve 30, and the other end places in the housing 5, the position of the topmost of the extremely vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8 in end, and the end that oil return pipe 7 stretches in the housing is fixed with temperature sensor.
In order to strengthen the heat exchange effect in the passage, be provided with a plurality of heat exchange wings in each inner passage of every vertical flat heat exchange pipe, be provided with a plurality of heat exchange wings in each inner passage of horizontal flat heat exchange pipe.
In order to prevent second refrigerant leakage, the housing and the second Working medium gas discharge connection are welded to connect, be welded to connect between the second Working medium gas discharge connection and the oil return pipe, be welded to connect between housing and the oil return pipe, be welded to connect between the second worker quality liquid entrance sleeve and the housing, be welded to connect between anemostat and the housing, be welded to connect between the second worker quality liquid tube connector and the housing.
During assembling, after the housing 5 and first tube sheet 4 and 12 welding of second tube sheet, horizontal flat heat exchange pipe is inserted by the horizontal flat heat exchange pipe hole on first tube sheet 4 28, and pass horizontal flat heat exchange pipe hole on second tube sheet, be communicated with liquid and compile chamber 20 and the 3rd diffluence room 24, and horizontal flat heat exchange pipe and horizontal flat heat exchange pipe eyelet welding are connect.Vertical flat heat exchange pipe is inserted by the vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole on first tube sheet 4 29, and pass vertical flat heat exchange pipe hole on second tube sheet 12, a part vertically flat heat exchange pipe 8-1 is communicated with second diffluence room 22 and first diffluence room 26, the vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8-2 of another part is communicated with second diffluence room 22 and the 3rd diffluence room 24, and vertical flat heat exchange pipe and vertical flat heat exchange pipe eyelet welding are connect.Afterwards, connecting bolt hole on first tube sheet 4 is aimed at the connecting bolt hole on first end socket, closely connect through connecting bolt, and seal by sealing gasket, connecting bolt hole on second tube sheet 12 is aimed at the connecting bolt hole on second end socket, closely connect through connecting bolt, and seal by sealing gasket.Afterwards, the welding second Working medium gas discharge connection 6, oil return pipe 7, the second worker quality liquid entrance sleeve 14, anemostat 16, the second worker quality liquid tube connector 13 are finished assembling process on the housing 5.
Below with R290/CO
2The cascade refrigeration circulation describes heat transfer process of the present invention for example.For R290/CO
2The cascade refrigeration circulation, first working medium is CO
2, second working medium is R290.During use, the R290 fluid from the R290 expansion valve comes enters in the housing 5 through the second worker quality liquid entrance sleeve 14, and the liquid level of the second working medium R290 liquid is the upper end to horizontal flat heat exchange pipe, and horizontal flat heat exchange pipe is submerged in the R290 liquid.From CO
2The first working medium CO that compressor comes
2Gas, enter first diffluence room 26 of second end socket through the first Working medium gas entrance sleeve 10, enter the passage in the vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8-1, carry out heat exchange with the second working medium R290, after emitting the heat cooling condensation, enter second diffluence room 22 of first end socket, flow out from second diffluence room 22 of first end socket, enter the passage in the vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8-2 that is separated by second partition 25, further after the cooling condensation heat release, enter the 3rd diffluence room 24 of second end socket, enter passage in the horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9 from the 3rd diffluence room 24, further after the heat release, become the liquid that liquid enters first end socket and compile chamber 20, the first working medium CO
2Liquid enters the first working medium CO through the first worker quality liquid discharge connection 1 of first end socket
2Expansion valve.The second working medium R290 absorbs the first working medium CO in vertical flat heat exchange pipe and the horizontal flat heat exchange pipe in housing
2After liberated heat flashes to gas, get back to the R290 compressor from the second Working medium gas discharge connection 6.
The second working medium high-pressure fluid tube connector 18 links to each other with the outlet of the second working medium R290 condenser, by the next part high pressure R290 liquid of R290 condenser, through the second working medium high-pressure fluid tube connector 18, by nozzle 15 ejection at a high speed, because of being swept away by jet, R290 gas on every side forms vacuum in porch, trunnion position, R290 liquid by the low pressure of the second worker quality liquid tube connector 13 is inhaled into, two fluid streams are mixed the action amount exchange of going forward side by side in trunnion, the kinetic energy of the R290 liquid that is transferred is increased, after by anemostat 16 most of kinetic energy being converted to the pressure energy at last, enter in the housing 5, because the injection of high pressure R290 fluid ceaselessly flows the second working medium R290 in the housing, R290 working medium in the housing has been formed disturbance, the bubble that the flat heat exchange pipe outer surface is formed is taken away fast, has quickened the formation of bubble, has strengthened the heat exchange effect, condensation evaporation heat exchange to identical heat exchange amount can reduce heat exchange area, reduce the size of heat exchanger, reduce cost, energy savings.
Oil return pipe 7 stretches on the control liquid level of the second working medium R290 in the housing, the end that oil return pipe 7 stretches in the housing is provided with temperature sensor, utilize the coefficient of heat conduction different of the second working medium R290 liquid, the second working medium R290 gas and lubricating oil, control oil return and feed flow.That temperature sensor is experienced if oily, then open oil return control valve 30 by controller control, lube layer on the liquid level through the R290 gas of oil return control valve 30 with second Working medium gas outlet 6, is sucked back compressor by oil return pipe 7, can avoid R290 liquid to enter the R290 compressor effectively, prevent the generation of the liquid hammer accident of R290 compressor, simultaneously, oil return well, can guarantee the lubricants capacity of R290 compressor, guarantee the reliability service of system.If what temperature sensor was experienced is R290 liquid, then close oil return control valve 30 by controller control, reduce the open degree of R290 expansion valve, reduce the liquid supply rate of R290.If what temperature sensor was experienced is R290 gas, then open oil return control valve 30 by controller control, open the open degree of big R290 expansion valve, increase the liquid supply rate of R290.By the structural design of oil return pipe, temperature sensor and oil return control valve, can accurately control the height of liquid level.
Vertically the structure that has various interior wings can be processed in the inner passage of flat heat exchange pipe 8 and horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9, to strengthen the first working medium CO in the passage
2Heat exchange.The vertical flat heat exchange pipe 8 that is arranged in juxtaposition, the space between the pipe of the more original interlaced arrangement of intertubular space obviously increases, and unobstructed, and the outer bubble rising resistance that forms of flat heat exchange pipe reduces, and is easy to bubble and rises rapidly, has strengthened heat exchange.Be placed on the flat heat exchange pipe 9 of the level in the housing upper space, can block in the housing, cause the gas entrained drip, be sucked back compressor, prevent the generation of liquid hammer accident through the outlet of second Working medium gas because that disturbance forms is vaporific.
The first working medium CO in the embodiment of the invention
2Be three flow processs, can adjust first dividing plate in first end socket, the position of the second partition in second end socket, adjust the quantity of the vertical flat heat exchange pipe that is separated, different flow process numbers can be set according to the size of different heat exchange amounts.By size and the port number that changes horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9, adjust the upper-lower position of horizontal flat heat exchange pipe 9, adjust the heat exchange area of last journey.
The present invention is simple in structure, is convenient to manufacturing, installation and maintenance.Be specially adapted to the R290/CO of big cold
2The characteristics of the condensation evaporation heat exchange of cascade refrigeration circulation, proposition of the present invention is to make R290/CO
2One of key technology of practical application is moved towards in the cascade refrigeration circulation.
Although relate to a kind of efficient pipe external evaporation heat exchanger that has disturbance and safe oil return and carried out special description disclosed with reference to embodiment, embodiment described above is illustrative and not restrictive, under the situation that does not break away from the spirit and scope of the present invention, all variations and modification are all within the scope of the present invention.