CN101460868A - Method and apparatus for determining formation resistivity ahead of the bit and azimuthal at the bit - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for determining formation resistivity ahead of the bit and azimuthal at the bit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101460868A CN101460868A CNA2007800209212A CN200780020921A CN101460868A CN 101460868 A CN101460868 A CN 101460868A CN A2007800209212 A CNA2007800209212 A CN A2007800209212A CN 200780020921 A CN200780020921 A CN 200780020921A CN 101460868 A CN101460868 A CN 101460868A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stratum
- drill bit
- value
- electric current
- concerned
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Abstract
A method and apparatus for obtaining a resistivity measurement of an earth formation surrounding a borehole in an MWD device uses the drillbit and the adjacent portion of the drill collar as a focusing electrode for focusing the measure current from a measure electrode on the face or side of the drillbit. This provides the ability to see ahead of and azimuthally around the drillbit.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to the exploration to hydrocarbon, it comprises the electricity research to the drilling well of earth penetrating.More specifically, the instrument drill bit (instrumented bit) on the instrument that the present invention relates to move along the drilling well in the stratum, it is used for introducing and measuring the independent survey current that is injected into borehole wall.Extra survey sensor can also be provided.
Background technology
Electricity ground auger borehole logging tool (electrical earth borehole logging) is known, and has described various devices and various technology for this purpose.Broadly, in electric logging device, use two class devices.In the first kind that is called " electric current (galvanic) " device, electrode is transmitter current in the stratum, so that determine resistivity.One of current device of the simplest form is so-called " common " device, and wherein to long-range home position transmitter current, and voltage electrode is measured the current potential with respect to this long-range reference position that is produced by this electric current to galvanic electrode by the stratum.In second class is in the measurement of inductance instrument, and the antenna in the surveying instrument goes out electric current at the stratum internal induction and flows.Resistivity is determined in the size or the decay that can cause by the propagation of measuring this electric current by means of the same antenna or the receiver antenna that separates.It is current device that various illustrative examples of the present invention belongs to the first kind, as will be described in more detail.
The general type device extensively has been used in the well logging industry, layer resistivity definitely when higher or resistivity is lower slightly than formation resistivity at drilling fluid.One of earlier device is the device of Doll, wherein uses so-called " miniature common (micronormal) " instrument to be used to measure near the resistivity of borehole wall.
Some current devices are designed to the prospecting current focusing in the stratum that will be determined resistivity.For example, Birdwell (United States Patent (USP) 3,365,658) has instructed the resistivity of using the stratum of the electrode that focuses under being used for definitely.To adjacent stratum, launch survey current from central survey electrode.Utilization is adjacent with survey electrode and be positioned near the focusing current of the focusing electrode emission of its either side from the position, and this survey current outwards is focused into narrow current beam from drilling well.Other current devices focus near the electric current the borehole wall.This is useful during far below formation resistivity when mud resistivity.
Authorize people such as Chemali and instructed the equipment of the resistivity measurement that is used to carry out the stratum in drilling process with the United States Patent (USP) 6,050,068 that the present invention has a common assignee, the content of this patent is comprised in herein by reference.Drill bit is transmitted on the drilling tool of shaft bottom and is used for drilling well.At least one potential electrode of carrying on the outside surface of drill bit, and described at least one potential electrode is used to the measurement electric current is sent in the stratum.One of below the response at least of the device that in the chamber of drill bit, is provided with: (i) this electric current, and the (ii) voltage of described at least one potential electrode.Near the measurement of the resistivity on the stratum the response indication drilling well of this device.The voltage source that is coupled to described at least one electrode provides the voltage of regulation to described at least one electrode.Disclosed device is the device of non-focusing in people's such as Chemali above-mentioned United States Patent (USP).Therefore, because the change of the tight distance (standoff) of electrode during the rotation of instrument has difference in the resistivity of measuring.May wish to reduce the influence of tight distance.Benefiting from of the present invention it will be recognized by those skilled in the art may be owing to beating of drill bit causes the tight distance at drill bit place during drilling well.
Summary of the invention
This disclosed embodiment is a kind of equipment that is used for measuring the stratum during drilling well.This equipment is included in the drill bit that is transmitted on the shaft bottom drilling tool (BHA).Electrode on the drill bit is configured to the measurement electric current is sent in the stratum, described electrode and described drill bit electrical isolation.The allocating power source remains on a current potential with the electric current of generation measurement and with drill bit, and the value of described current potential is substantially equal to the current potential of described electrode.This equipment also comprises processor, and described processor is configured to use the value of described current potential and the value of described electric current, with the value of the parameter estimating to be concerned about, and with estimated value record on suitable medium.The parameter of being concerned about can be the conductance on resistivity, the stratum on stratum, the distance at the interface in the stratum and/or the resistivity image on stratum.This equipment also can comprise attitude sensor on BHA, described electrode is in a side of drill bit, and wherein said processor also is configured to compress the resistivity image on stratum and it is sent to landscape position with remote mode.This processor also can be configured to use the value from the parameter of the definite calibration factor of the measurement the medium of known resistivity being estimated be concerned about.Described attitude sensor can be accelerometer, magnetometer and/or gyroscope.Described power source also can comprise annulus.Described equipment also can comprise current measuring device, and it is configured to provide the value of measuring electric current.Described processor also can be configured to the drilling direction based on the resistivity image control BHA on the distance at determined interface in the stratum and/or stratum.
Another embodiment is a method of measuring the parameter of being concerned about on stratum during drilling well.This method is included in BHA and upward drill bit is sent to drilling well.Utilize on the drill bit and will measure electric current with the electrode of described drill bit electrical isolation and be sent in the stratum.The measurement electric current is focused, and uses the value of current potential of electrode and the value of electric current, and the value of the parameter be concerned about is estimated.The estimated value of the parameter of being concerned about is recorded on the suitable medium.The step that focuses on the electric current of measuring can be undertaken by drill bit being maintained a current potential, and the value of described current potential is substantially equal to the current potential of described electrode.The parameter of being concerned about can be the conductance on resistivity, the stratum on stratum, the distance at the interface in the stratum and/or the resistivity image on stratum.This method also can be included in BHA and go up the measurement attitude, transmits from the drill bit side and measures electric current, and compress the resistivity image on stratum and it is sent to landscape position with remote mode.Also can be to the step that the value of the parameter be concerned about is estimated based on using the calibration factor of determining to the measurement the medium of known resistivity.The step of measuring the attitude of described BHA can be based on utilizing attitude sensor, and described attitude sensor can be accelerometer, magnetometer and/or gyroscope.Described measurement electric current can utilize annulus and be generated.The value of measuring electric current can be provided by using current measuring device.This method also can comprise based on the distance at determined interface in the stratum and/or the resistivity image on stratum, the drilling direction of control BHA.
Another embodiment is a computer-readable medium, and its equipment with the parameter of being concerned about that is used to measure the stratum uses.Described equipment is included in the drill bit that is transmitted on the BHA.Electrode on the drill bit is configured to the measurement electric current is sent in the stratum, described electrode and described drill bit electrical isolation.The allocating power source is measured electric current and drill bit is remained on a current potential to generate, and the value of described current potential is substantially equal to the current potential of described electrode.This medium comprises instruction, and described instruction makes processor can use the value of described current potential and the value of described electric current, with the value of the parameter estimating to be concerned about, and with the estimated value record of the parameter be concerned about on suitable medium.This medium can comprise ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory and/or CD.
Description of drawings
With reference to the following drawings, the present invention obtains best understanding, the similar in the accompanying drawings similar element of Reference numeral indication.
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram that comprises according to the well system of the resistivity logging instrument of various illustrative examples of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention, wherein uses drill bit and focuses on the measurement electric current in this drill bit the place ahead;
Fig. 3 is the diagram of the enforcement to the position angle sensitivity of the present invention, wherein uses drill bit and focuses on this measurement electric current;
Fig. 4 is a drill bit and in the diagram of the model of the potential electrode of drill bit front, is used for emulation is carried out in the response of resistivity logging instrument of the present invention; And
Fig. 5 illustrates resistivity logging instrument of the present invention to the comparison between the response of the logging tool of the electric current of the bed boundary in drill bit the place ahead and prior art.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates the synoptic diagram of well system 10, and described well system 10 has down-hole equipment, and described down-hole equipment comprises sensing system and surface equipment according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, system 10 comprises the conventional derrick 11 that is erected on the rig floor 12, and described rig floor 12 is supported rotating disk 14, and described rotating disk 14 rotates with required velocity of rotation by prime mover (not shown).The drill string 20 that comprises drilling rod portion 22 extends downwardly into the drilling well 26 from rotating disk 14.Attached drill bit 50 on drill string 20 downhole end makes geo-logical terrain cracked when rotating.Drill string 20 via kelly joint 21, turn 28 and circuit 29, be coupled to winch 30 by pulley blocks 29a.During drill-well operation, winch 30 is operating as weight and the transmission rate of drill string 20 in drilling well 26 on the control drill bit.Operating in of winch 30 is known in the art, thereby not in this detailed description.
During drill-well operation, be recycled by drill string 20 under pressure by steam piano 34 from the suitable drilling fluid (being commonly referred to " mud " in the art) 31 in mud pit 32.Drilling fluid 31 enters the drill string 20 via desurger 36, drilling fluid circuit 38 and kelly joint 21 from steam piano 34.Drilling fluid 31 is discharged by the opening in the drill bit 50 in borehole bottom 51.Drilling fluid 31, and is discharged in the mud pit 32 via return line 35 to aboveground circulation by the annular space 27 between drill string 20 and the drilling well 26.Preferably,, suitably dispose various sensor (not shown), so that the information about various parameters relevant with drilling well to be provided, such as the weight on drilling fluid flow rate, the drill bit, hook load etc. on the face of land according to the known method in this area.
Face of land control module 40 is via the sensor 43 that is arranged in the drilling fluid circuit 38, receives the signal from downhole sensor and device, and according to these signals of instruction process of the programming that offers face of land control module 40.Face of land control module 40 shows required drilling parameter and other information on display/monitor 42, these information person of being operated utilizes with the control drill-well operation.Face of land control module 40 comprises computing machine, is used to store memory of data, one or more data logging machine and/or other peripherals.Face of land control module 40 also comprises model, and according to the instruction treatmenting data of programming, and response is by the user command of proper device such as keyboard input.Control module 40 preferably is suitable for exciting alarm 44 when certain dangerous or undesirable operating conditions takes place.Those skilled in the art will approve, if use MTR, then between drill bit and drill string, exist to relatively rotate, and the essential signal transmission of considering between drill bit and the drill string.This transmission can use em telemetry to carry out.
When drilling fluid 31 under pressure when the MTR 55, be coupled to the drill bit motor or MTR 55 rotary drill bits 50 of drill bit 50 via being arranged in drive link (not shown) in the bearing 57.Bearing 57 supports radial and axial power, drill bit motor 55 following of drill bits 50 to dash and from the retroaction that is applied to the weight on the drill bit load that makes progress.The stabilizator 58 that is coupled to bearing 57 serves as the centralizer of the lowermost portion that is used for MTR 55 assemblies.
In an embodiment of this system, the sub-drilling tool 59 in down-hole (being also referred to as shaft bottom drilling tool or " BHA ") is coupling between drill bit 50 and the drilling rod 22, and the sub-drilling tool 59 in described down-hole comprises and is used to provide about the information on stratum and various sensors and the MWD device and the MTR 55 of downhole drill parameter.Down-hole equipment 59 preferably structurally is modular, and promptly various devices all are the parts of interconnection, make single parts to be replaced when needed.Have in the necessary every other device between drill bit and refurn electrode (following discussion) and assemble the cable that is used for bit electrode (also in following discussion).
Still return with reference to figure 1, except the sensor, BHA59 can also comprise sensor and device.These devices comprise and are used to measure near the drill bit 50 and/or the device 64 of the formation resistivity in the place ahead, are used to measure the gamma radiation device 76 of stratum gamma ray intensity and such as being used for determining the inclination of drill string 20 and/or the device azimuthal inclinator 74.Formation resistivity measuring 64 preferred coupled are above bottom deflecting sub-component 62, and described bottom deflecting sub-component 62 provides signal, near the drill bit 50 or the resistivity on the stratum in the place ahead determine from described signal.Use has a pair of or more two propagation resistivity devices (" DPR ") to emitting antenna 66a and 66b, and is described a pair of or more to emitting antenna 66a and 66b and a pair of or more receiving antenna 68a and 68b are separated.Adopted magnetic dipole, described magnetic dipole is worked in intermediate frequency spectrum and lower high frequency spectrum.At work, the electromagnetic wave of being launched multilated when propagating by the stratum around the resistivity test device 64.Receiving antenna 68a and 68b detect the ripple of multilated.Formation resistivity is derived from the phase place and the amplitude of detected signal.Detected signal is by electric circuit in well and/or processor processing in the shell 70 of preferred arrangements above MTR 55, and utilizes suitable telemetry system 72 to be sent to face of land control module 40.
Shaft bottom of the present invention drilling tool (BHA) 59 comprises MWD parts 78, described MWD parts 78 can be included in MTR 55 tops and be arranged in nuclear formation porosity measurement mechanism, cuclear density device and acoustic transducer system in the shell of MWD parts 78, and they are used to provide along drilling well 26 assessments and test subsurface formations Useful Information.The present invention also can utilize any known formation density devices.Can use the density devices that utilizes gamma-ray source of any prior art.In use, the gamma ray of launching from the source enters the stratum, and they interact with the stratum there, and decay.The decay of gamma ray is measured by suitable detecting device, determines the density on stratum from this decay.
Said apparatus sends to downhole telemetry system 72 with data, and the data that described downhole telemetry system 72 then will receive are to the aboveground face of land control module 40 that sends to.Described downhole telemetry system 72 is also from aboveground control module 40 received signals and data, and the signal and the data of these receptions are sent to suitable downhole hardware.The present invention can use mud-pulse telemetry, to communicate by letter from the data of downhole sensor and device during drill-well operation.Be arranged in transducer 43 in the mud supply circuit 38 and detect the mud-pulse of the data that send in response to downhole telemetry system 72.Transducer 43 generates electric signal in response to mud pressure variations, and these signals are sent to face of land control module 40 via lead 45.Other telemetries and/or any other suitable technique such as electromagnetism and acoustic technique can be used to purpose of the present invention.Drilling tool also comprises orientation sensor.Do not limit the scope of the invention, orientation sensor can be the magnetometer of inertial type.
Principle of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2.Appropriate location on drill string 20 provides voltage source 107.In this example, voltage source 107 is illustrated on the drill collar 101 and/or in the drill collar 101, and is the part of BHA59.This is not construed as limiting the invention.For example can generate voltage in the annulus of somewhere installation by utilizing on drill string 20 and/or centering on drill string 20.Electric current on this voltage source 107 generates axially in drill string 20, described electric current flow on the direction of drill bit 106, and return at the opposition side of the voltage source 107 of remote location.If mud conducts electricity, then drill collar can be as returning part.Between voltage source 107 and drill bit 106, provide electrical connection by drill collar 101.For the purposes of the present invention, voltage source 107 also is a power source, because it generates electric current in drill string 20.In drill bit 106 inside, electrode 108 is installed in the bit face place.Electrode 108 is isolated with the remainder of BHA59, and is connected to such as closely around cable 109 or the current measuring device 103 around the annulus of the measurement resistor (not shown) installation of connect with cable 109 by cable 109.108 routes of being got can be arbitrarily to cable 109 from current measuring device 103 to electrode, but cable 109 should for example be isolated with drill collar 101 by suitable electrical isolation.At the other end away from electrode 108 of cable 109, current measuring device 103 is connected to the electronic circuit of the drill collar 101 that is arranged in BHA59.By this layout, the absolute potential of drill bit 106 (and adjacent part of drill collar 101) and the absolute potential of electrode 108 are roughly the same.This keeps the focusing situation for the electric current that is transmitted by electrode 108, as discussed below.
By shown in configuration, the adjacent part of drill bit 106 and drill collar 101 serves as focusing electrode, it is transmitting as Fig. 2 focusing current 105 substantially on the indicated direction.Should be noted that term " transmission " should use its wideest implication, and intention comprises the electric current that enters and leave the stratum.The result of the focusing that is provided as focusing current 105 comes the measurement electric current 111 of self-electrode 108 to refer generally to drill bit 106 the place aheads.This forward direction of measuring electric current 111 just provides the ability in observation drill bit of the present invention the place ahead.
So the apparent resistivity ρ on stratum is provided by following
Wherein U is the voltage of voltage source 107, and I measures electric current 111, and described measurement electric current 111 is for example measured at current measuring device 103 places.The actual resistivity on stratum obtains as follows:
Wherein k is a calibration factor.Calibration factor for example can be by using this instrument chamber of experimentizing measurement or obtaining by modeling in the medium of known resistivity.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is shown in Fig. 3.As among the embodiment of Fig. 2, provide axial voltage source 207.In this example, voltage source 207 is shown on the drill collar 201 and/or in drill collar 201, and is the part of BHA59.This is not construed as limiting the invention.Voltage for example can generate by utilizing around the annulus of drill string 20.This voltage source 207 generate drill strings 20 axially on electric current, described electric current flows on the direction of drill bit 206, and returns at the opposition side of the voltage source 207 of remote location (literary composition sees before).Between voltage source 207 and drill bit 206, provide electrical connection by drill collar 203.In drill bit 206 inside, electrode 208 is installed in a side of drill bit 206.This is opposite with the embodiment of Fig. 2, and in the embodiment of Fig. 2, electrode 108 is positioned at the bit face place.Electrode 208 is isolated with the remainder of BHA59, and is connected to such as closely around cable 209 or the current measuring device 203 around the annulus of the measurement resistor (not shown) installation of connect with cable 209 by cable 209.208 routes of being got can be arbitrarily to cable 209 from current measuring device 203 to electrode, but cable 209 should for example be isolated with drill collar 201 by suitable electrical isolation.At the other end away from electrode 208 of cable 209, current measuring device 203 is connected to the electronic circuit of the drill collar 201 that is arranged in BHA59.
The focusing current of the adjacent part of drill bit 206 and drill collar 201 is by 205 indications.Because electrode 208 is positioned at a side of drill bit 206, therefore measures electric current 211 and on approaching direction radially, flow.This direction of measuring electric current 211 provides the logging tool with azimuthal sensitivity.
Those skilled in the art will know, and the resistivity measurement that the MWD device carries out is measured than wire rope handling (wireline) and provided the formation resistivity better indication of (perhaps being equivalent to conductance).This is because be subjected to the influence of drilling fluid to the stratum invasion in the wire rope handling measurement of having carried out after after a while since drilling well.In this, the resistivity measurement of carrying out at the drill bit place even better.
The performance of " observing drill bit the place ahead " of the present invention in order to prove has been carried out numerical modeling.This modeling comprises the comparison with the prior art instrument, and it is only by its transmitter and receiver time interval.Fig. 4 illustrates the model of employed logging tool 300.This modeling is that carry out in the hole 26 of 12.25 inches (31.12 centimetres) for diameter.Transmitter 303 generates DC voltage, produces the electric current by drill string 301 thus.Electric current turns back to transmitter 303 at Returning part 302 places.Whole drill string 301 is an ideal conducting and loss-free by hypothesis.Therefore, on drill bit 309 directions, equal current potential on the logging tool 300 at the current potential of transmitter below 303.Can determine electric current at the tool surface areas place.In this model, whole well drilling tool (BHA) 59 (except drill bit 309) is all surrounded by the drilling mud 31 of specific mud resistivity, and described specific mud resistivity generally is different from formation resistivity.Emulation is in 304 beginnings of the stratum of 1 Ω-m formation resistivity.Another stratum 306 with different resistivity is offset in vertical direction, so that emulation drill bit and drilling tool penetrate two borders 307 between the stratum.In the process of penetrating, the electric current that record passes through receiver 305 and passes through potential electrode 311.
Fig. 5 illustrates the electric current of comparing the bit electrode place with routine techniques and changes, and in routine techniques, bit current is recorded in the receiver place according to model.Horizontal ordinate is the current-responsive that is expressed as the number percent of peak response.Ordinate is to be the degree of depth of unit with rice (m).For the various illustrative examples of the present invention, the interval between drill bit and receiver is respectively 0m, 0.28m, 0.87m, 2.11m, 4.75m to curve 401 (five curves are arranged).BHA59 moves to the stratum of 100 Ω-m formation resistivity from the stratum of 1 Ω-m formation resistivity.The negative value of the degree of depth means BHA59 fully in 1 Ω-m resistivity earth inside, and 0 value of the degree of depth means that drill bit touches 100 Ω-m resistivity earth border, the degree of depth on the occasion of the expression bit face the position in 100 Ω-m resistivity earth.Electric current according to the electric current (100%) in-1 Ω of 2m place-m resistivity earth by normalization.Curve 403,405,407,409 and 411 is the corresponding current-responsives at the receiver place of the prior-art devices that is used for emulation.
As can be seen, the current-responsive 401 of the various illustrative examples of the present invention almost and the range-independence between drill bit 309 and the receiver 305 in Fig. 5.When the distance between drill bit and the transmitter is extended, can observe little defence effect (guard effect).Yet, bit electrode can be before drill bit contacts new stratum half meter detect 20% electric current and change, only detect 10% change and use the routine techniques of annular receiver under best situation, (to see curve 403).For the present invention, 25 centimeters reach 50% mark before new stratum, and prior art only just illustrates this change after drill bit has penetrated new stratum.When bit face touches new stratum, the end value that the bit electrode indicator current changes, and routine techniques measures this end value greater than 0.5m after new stratigraphic boundary.If increase between drill bit and annular receiver at interval, then all results measure for annular receiver and become poorer, for example by curve 403 such to shown in the deterioration of curve 411.
In practice, the resistivity models on definition stratum.Can use from the previous well that nearby bores or from the resistivity measurement of other information and carry out this operation.Based on this resistivity models, the resistivity that can use logging tool 300 of the present invention to measure is estimated the distance at the interface in the stratum.This interface can be the bed boundary that has between the stratum of different resistivity, and perhaps it can be the drilling fluid interface in the stratum of the drilling fluid with different resistivity of the opposition side at interface.Thereby use the logging tool 300 of various illustrative examples of the present invention, determine the parameter of being concerned about on stratum, such as the resistivity in drill bit the place ahead in the stratum and/or to the distance at interface.
The ability that logging tool 300 of the present invention is observed drill bit the place ahead can be used in the oil reservoir guiding.When using the sensor module that comprises the logging tool 300 that is installed on the BHA59 to measure during drill-well operation, down hole processor can use determined distance to change the drilling direction of drilling well 26.Scheme and/or conduct are additional as an alternative, range information can also be sent to the face of land with remote mode, and surface processor 40 and/or drilling operator can control drilling direction on the face of land.This method can also be used for wireline applications.For wireline applications, detector should be positioned at the bottom of drilling well, to determine the distance from drilling well 26 to bed boundary.This can be useful in the cracked operation of design when being avoided the cracked propagation of overshoot distance for example in completion.If detect oil reservoir in drill bit the place ahead, then can be before penetrating mounting sleeve.
When using attitude sensor to be used for determining the attitude of drill bit 50, this attitude information can with the resistivity information combination that obtains from electric current and voltage measurement, with the estimation of the resistivity position angle difference that obtains the stratum.The general reason of common cause of azimuthal resistivity is the detailed level that has different resistivity in the stratum.When they when drilling well 26 is tilted, will obtain the position angle difference (being typically sinusoidal difference) of the measured resistivity of the device such as logging tool 300 of the present invention.Can use known disposal route from " signal " of band noise, to detect this sinusoidal difference.If use attitude sensor, then suitable attitude sensor can be positioned on the drill string 20 near the drill bit 50, perhaps on the drive link of drill motor 55.This attitude sensor should be set to enough near drill bit 50, makes the attitude of attitude measurement indication drill bit 50, and is not subjected to the influence of the distortion of drill string 20 or motor 55 drive links.Resistivity image can also be used for geosteering by comparing from the image of measuring image that obtains and the modeling of deriving from subsurface model.
The measurement that carry out the down-hole can be recorded on the suitable medium.Can also packed data and send it to landscape position.In the embodiments of the invention shown in Fig. 3, can use people such as Hassan, have the U.S. Patent Application Serial Number 10/892 of common assignee with the present invention, the method of disclosed data compression in 011 (being United States Patent (USP) XXXXXXX now), its content is incorporated into herein as a reference.Disclosed method only is used for the example purpose in the above-mentioned U.S. Patent application of Hassan, can also use additive method.The above-mentioned U.S. Patent Application Publication of Hassan a kind of being used for logged well and obtain the method and apparatus of subsurface information in the stratum, wherein logging tool is transmitted the parameter of being concerned about to obtain in drilling well.The parameter of being concerned about that is obtained can be density, acoustics, magnetic or electrical value, as known in the art.The parameter of being concerned about can use the multi-resolution image compression method to be sent to the face of land according to multiple resolution.The parameter of being concerned about is formed a plurality of cost functions, and from described cost function, the zone of being concerned about is confirmed as the resolution characteristic of the feature of being concerned about in this zone.Feature can be determined time or the depth location and the pitch of holes (Dip Angle) relevant with underground structure with the acquisition bed boundary, and drilling well and subsurface structure orientation.Feature comprises time, the degree of depth and underground geometric properties, such as structural dip, thickness, rock character.At place, the face of land, can make up the image on stratum.Arbitrary embodiment from what has been discussed above or two embodiment, the rate that can have a resistance log.In addition, resistivity measurement also has some known purposes: it comprises determines the stratum hydrocarbons saturation.The knowledge of this saturation degree is exceedingly useful in oil reservoir development.
The processing of data can be undertaken by down hole processor, to provide the measurement of correction basically in real time.Scheme as an alternative, measurement can be retrieved when drill string 20 is pulled out by recorded downhole, and uses surface processor 40 processed.The implicit computer program that makes processor can carry out control and handle that is to use on the suitable machine computer-readable recording medium in the control of data and in handling.Machine readable media can comprise ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory and CD.
Though aforementioned open at the preferred embodiments of the present invention, various modifications will be conspicuous to those skilled in the art.The scope of intention claims and all changes in the essence all are included in the foregoing disclose.
Claims (19)
1. equipment that is used for during the drilling well of stratum measuring the parameter of being concerned about on stratum, this equipment comprises:
(a) be configured to the drill bit that is transmitted on shaft bottom drilling tool (BHA), described drill bit is configured to carry out drilling well;
(b) electrode on the drill bit, it is configured to the measurement electric current is sent in the stratum, described electrode and described drill bit electrical isolation;
(c) power source, it is configured to generate measures electric current, and drill bit is remained on a current potential, and the value of described current potential is substantially equal to the current potential of described electrode; And
(d) processor is configured to
(A) value of using the value of described current potential and described electric current is with the value of the parameter estimating to be concerned about, and
(B) with the estimated value record of the parameter be concerned about on suitable medium.
2. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parameter of being concerned about be following one of at least: (i) resistivity on stratum, (ii) conductance, the (iii) distance and the (iv) resistivity image on stratum at the interface in the stratum on stratum.
3. equipment as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the attitude sensor on the BHA, and wherein said electrode is in a side of drill bit, and wherein said processor also is configured to compress the resistivity image on stratum and it is sent to landscape position with remote mode.
4. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein this processor also is configured to the value of estimating the parameter be concerned about from the calibration factor that the measurement of the medium of known resistivity is determined by using.
5. equipment as claimed in claim 3, wherein said attitude sensor are from by selecting the following group that constitutes: (i) accelerometer, (ii) magnetometer and (iii) gyroscope.
6. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power source also comprises annulus.
7. equipment as claimed in claim 1 also comprises current measuring device, and it is configured to provide the value of measuring electric current.
8. equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein said processor also are configured to the drilling direction based at least one the control BHA in following: (i) distance at determined interface in the stratum and the (ii) resistivity image on stratum.
9. method of in the stratum, measuring the parameter of being concerned about on stratum during the drilling well, this method comprises:
(a) upward drill bit is sent in the drilling well at shaft bottom drilling tool (BHA);
(b) utilize on the drill bit and will measure electric current with the electrode of described drill bit electrical isolation and be sent in the stratum;
(c) focus on the measurement electric current;
(d) value of using the value of current potential of electrode and electric current is estimated the value of the parameter be concerned about, and
(c) with the estimated value record of the parameter be concerned about on suitable medium.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, step that wherein focus on to measure electric current comprise also drill bit are maintained a current potential that the value of described current potential is substantially equal to the current potential of described electrode.
11. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the parameter of being concerned about be in following one of at least: (i) resistivity on stratum, (ii) conductance, (iii) distance, the (iv) resistivity image on stratum at the interface in the stratum on stratum.
12. method as claimed in claim 9 also comprises:
(i) attitude of measurement BHA,
(ii) transmit and measure electric current from drill bit one side, and
(iii) compress the resistivity image on stratum and it is sent to landscape position with remote mode.
13. method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the step that the value of the parameter be concerned about is estimated also comprises the calibration factor of use from the measurement of the medium of known resistivity is determined.
14. method as claimed in claim 12, the step of wherein measuring the attitude of described BHA also comprises utilizes attitude sensor, and described attitude sensor is from by selecting the following group that constitutes: (i) accelerometer, (ii) magnetometer and (iii) gyroscope.
15. method as claimed in claim 9 also comprises and utilizes annulus to generate described measurement electric current.
16. method as claimed in claim 9 also comprises and uses current measuring device that the value of measuring electric current is provided.
17. method as claimed in claim 9 also comprises the distance based on determined interface in the stratum, and sleeve pipe is set in drilling well.
18. a computer-readable medium, it uses with the equipment that is used for the parameter of being concerned about on measurement stratum during the drilling well of stratum, and described equipment comprises:
(a) drill bit that on shaft bottom drilling tool (BHA), is transmitted, described drill bit is configured to carry out drilling well;
(b) electrode on the drill bit, it is configured to the measurement electric current is sent in the stratum, described electrode and described drill bit electrical isolation; And
(c) power source, it is configured to generate measures electric current, and drill bit is remained on a current potential, and the value of described current potential is substantially equal to the current potential of described electrode;
This medium also comprises instruction, described instruction make processor can:
(d) value of using the value of described current potential and described electric current is with the value of the parameter estimating to be concerned about, and
(e) with the estimated value record of the parameter be concerned about on suitable medium.
19. medium as claimed in claim 18, also comprise in following one of at least: (i) ROM, (ii) EPROM, (iii) EEPROM, (iv) flash memory and (v) CD.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US79036306P | 2006-04-07 | 2006-04-07 | |
| US60/790,363 | 2006-04-07 | ||
| US11/687,470 | 2007-03-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101460868A true CN101460868A (en) | 2009-06-17 |
Family
ID=40770669
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800209212A Pending CN101460868A (en) | 2006-04-07 | 2007-04-03 | Method and apparatus for determining formation resistivity ahead of the bit and azimuthal at the bit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101460868A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103291282A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-11 | 江阴中科矿业安全科技有限公司 | Measurement while drilling system for drill carriage |
| CN103603657A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2014-02-26 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司钻井技术服务公司 | Method for measuring formation resistivity at drill place |
| CN105008662A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2015-10-28 | 开拓工程股份有限公司 | Back up directional and inclination sensors and method of operating same |
| CN106761726A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江大学 | Oil base drilling fluid is with brill lateral position well logging apparatus and method |
| CN107709701A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-02-16 | 斯伦贝谢技术有限公司 | Abrasion resistant electrode for underground imaging |
| CN111810116A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for measuring apparent resistivity of logging while drilling resistivity and readable storage medium |
-
2007
- 2007-04-03 CN CNA2007800209212A patent/CN101460868A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103291282A (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-09-11 | 江阴中科矿业安全科技有限公司 | Measurement while drilling system for drill carriage |
| CN105008662A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2015-10-28 | 开拓工程股份有限公司 | Back up directional and inclination sensors and method of operating same |
| CN103603657A (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2014-02-26 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司钻井技术服务公司 | Method for measuring formation resistivity at drill place |
| CN103603657B (en) * | 2013-08-01 | 2016-04-27 | 中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司 | Measure the method for formation resistivity at drill place |
| CN107709701A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-02-16 | 斯伦贝谢技术有限公司 | Abrasion resistant electrode for underground imaging |
| CN107709701B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2021-10-12 | 斯伦贝谢技术有限公司 | Wear resistant electrode for downhole imaging |
| CN106761726A (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江大学 | Oil base drilling fluid is with brill lateral position well logging apparatus and method |
| CN106761726B (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2019-10-15 | 浙江大学 | Oil base drilling fluid is with brill lateral position well logging apparatus and method |
| CN111810116A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-23 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for measuring apparent resistivity of logging while drilling resistivity and readable storage medium |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9963963B1 (en) | Well ranging apparatus, systems, and methods | |
| CA2648698C (en) | Method and apparatus for determining formation resistivity ahead of the bit and azimuthal at the bit | |
| US10353111B2 (en) | Automated leg quality monitoring systems and methods | |
| US7782709B2 (en) | Multi-physics inversion processing to predict pore pressure ahead of the drill bit | |
| US6600321B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for wellbore resistivity determination and imaging using capacitive coupling | |
| US9175559B2 (en) | Identification of casing collars while drilling and post drilling using LWD and wireline measurements | |
| US20050034917A1 (en) | Apparatus and method for acoustic position logging ahead-of-the-bit | |
| US6839000B2 (en) | Integrated, single collar measurement while drilling tool | |
| US20060017442A1 (en) | Error correction and calibration of a deep reading propagation resistivity tool | |
| CN104066928A (en) | Borehole imaging and formation evaluation while drilling | |
| US10041343B2 (en) | Micro-sonic density imaging while drilling systems and methods | |
| CN101460868A (en) | Method and apparatus for determining formation resistivity ahead of the bit and azimuthal at the bit | |
| SA111320813B1 (en) | Formation Sensing and Evaluation Drill | |
| US10921486B2 (en) | Integrated logging tool | |
| EP3724447B1 (en) | Systems and methods for downhole determination of drilling characteristics | |
| US20210270090A1 (en) | Signal-transparent tubular for downhole operations |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Open date: 20090617 |