CN101459366A - Permanent-magnet type synchronization motor and method of manufacturing thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

In a combination of, for example, a rotor having eight magnetic poles and a stator having twelve slots and pulsating components of permeance, which generate a sinusoidal cogging torque having maxima of the same number as the number of poles of the rotor, pressurizing parts arranged in predetermined positions applying a force at an outer periphery of the stator directed inwardly to cancel the pulsating components of the cogging torque.

Description

Permanent-magnet type synchronization motor and manufacture method thereof

The application is that international filing date is on August 26th, 2004, and priority date is on September 4th, 2003, and application number is 200480001873.9, and denomination of invention is divided an application for " permanent-magnet type synchronization motor and manufacture method thereof ".

Technical field

The present invention relates to help the method that reduces the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of inserted tooth torque and be used to make this motor.

Background technology

Inserted tooth torque in the inner-rotor type permanent-magnet type synchronization motor comprises the flutter component in the torque, do not send into the moment of winding there being electric current, when the magnet rotor is rotated by external drive, it produces between the tooth of stator core and magnet rotor (rotor), and the exponent number (seeing non-patent document 1) of least common multiple of quantity z of the tooth (groove) of the quantity 2p of magnetic pole of rotor magnet and stator core in theory only occurs.But, this one theory is uniformly in the shape of rotor (mainly being magnet) and stator core and material property, and situation about being made fully symmetrically with respect to number of poles and groove number.

But, because in the motor of reality, number of poles and groove number break away from the performance of symmetry, particularly in the field of producing in batches, occur the component of inserted tooth torque that having of big amplitude is lower than the exponent number of least common multiple in many cases.The increase of inserted tooth torque has big influence for the performance of product, and this is because for servomotor, can cause that the change of positional precision is bad, and for the powered of automobile, can cause the control feel variation to motor.

Get back to the principle that torque produces, the mechanism of production of the flutter component in the torque is explained.Torque is relevant with magnetic flux density, and under the situation that magnetic flux passes through easily, torque increases.The easy degree that magnetic flux passes through is called as magnetic conductance (inverse of magnetic resistance), square being directly proportional of torque and magnetic conductance.Thereby, when magnetic conductance changes, just produce the inserted tooth torque.Relate under uneven distribution and symmetrical performance and the inconsistent situation of number of poles at the magnet as the source that produces magnetic flux, these are detected in stator side, and the pulsation of the quantity component consistent and that have its higher-order of its exponent number and groove occurs.The component of higher-order is made of higher harmonic component, its uneven composition differ tailor-made near sinusoidal change make right.

Because main flux returns magnet from the tooth of stator core by rear magnetic yoke from magnet again by air, the material that is passed through is divided into two.One is the air that exists between rotor and stator, and another is to constitute magnetic body unshakable in one's determination.In recent years, the duplexer that uses rolling flat magnetic links and band in many cases is as this magnetic body, and the rolling flat magnetic links and the magnetic characteristic of band often cause problem.Flux at main flux relates under uneven distribution and symmetry characteristic and the inconsistent situation of groove number, and these are perceived on rotor-side, and occur having the exponent number consistent with number of poles with and the pulsation of the component of higher-order.

For magnetic flux is passed through, the magnetic permeability mu of the easness that the expression magnetic flux passes through is constant in air, therefore appears at the change of airborne magnetic flux quantity owing to the change of gas length.The physical quantity that the main flux that moves by rotor magnet and stator tooth is had influence roughly is divided into two classes, one class is to be illustrated in the external diameter of rotor magnet and the gap (being called air gap) of the shortest distance between the stator tooth, and another kind of is gap (being commonly referred to as A/F) between the adjacent stator tooth.When air gap during by the internal diameter shape decision of the external diameter shape of rotor and stator, the internal diameter shape of stator can cause problem in many cases.

In addition, under situation about handling, use a kind of method to replace by circular basically one manufacturing unshakable in one's determination stator core wherein unshakable in one's determination partly or wholly being segmented between the tooth for the ease of coiling, have small gap, then constitute stand-off distance when divided part is joined together.

In addition, partly cut apart and after coiling under the connected situation,, make a part different in some cases, thereby produced structurally inhomogeneous with remaining part for the convenience of connection processing at iron core.

Also have, because various factors and the uneven distribution in same iron core, the flat magnetic links for example rolling by the magnetic body produces each different permeability in many cases with the iron core that band is made.A factor that produces each difference is as the rolling flat magnetic links of core material and the composition (grade) of band.In addition, a factor that produces difference on same iron core is because the different permeability in the specific part of the iron core that is obtained by the method for the shape of punching out iron core, and this is the difference (magnetic anisotropy) owing to the magnetic characteristic between the rolling direction of for example rolling flat magnetic links and band and vertical with it direction.In addition, when rolling flat magnetic links and band during by means of the sharp sword punching out of metal pattern, the power that is applied by sharp sword causes the deterioration of the permeability on the increment face, and the assembling that is used for fixing the jog of duplexer is handled (being called as joint filling) and caused by the deterioration of the part of joint filling and adjacent part thereof.

In addition, adopt in many cases and fixing a framework on the neighboring of stator core so that iron core is fixed to manufacturing process on the carriage that is supporting bearing, so that stop because the moment that produces between rotor that rotates and stator makes stator movement, but the power on the neighboring of stator core of being applied to by framework is not only to having influence near the neighboring of stator core, there not by so many magnetic flux, and to having influence near the tooth, it constitutes main path, the feasible deterioration of magnetic characteristic and the moving of tooth that causes rolling flat magnetic links and band, thereby change the shape of the internal diameter of stator core.

Unless gap and magnetic characteristic are constituted equably for number of poles and groove number in the ideal case, just produce the inserted tooth torque of lower-order.

As mentioned above, because the sidepiece of magnet is inhomogeneous, produce the inserted tooth torque of counting the consistent exponent number of z with groove, because multiple factor is structure inhomogeneous etc. of uneven distribution, the joint of the stand-off distance of the iron core of distribution, the division of the magnetic characteristic that produces of the local deterioration of the permeability inhomogeneous, that cause about the distribution of the magnetic characteristic of the magnetic anisotropy of rolling flat magnetic links and band, owing to the stress in punching out, joint filling and the framework of inhomogeneous, the stand-off distance of inhomogeneous, the A/F of air gap for example, the consistent inserted tooth torque of quantity 2p that produces its exponent number and the utmost point.

Since in a large amount of production owing to improve the manufacture method of output or because the restriction of machining accuracy in manufacture process, in the motor of reality, the generation of these factors is inevitable.

Notice these manufacture methods, carried out being intended to reduce the test of inserted tooth torque.For example, in order to obtain uniform air gap, JP-A-2001-218429 (seeing patent document 1) has proposed to guarantee the measure of the circularity of internal diameter, wherein by means of in the time will utilizing stator pressure to be assembled in the framework, exerts pressure equably so that it is fixed on the neighboring of iron core and inner rim.In JP-A-09-23687 (seeing patent document 2), move the direction of magnetic anisotropy by means of central angle from tooth, attempt to reduce the inserted tooth torque that causes owing to magnetic anisotropy.

In addition, in JP-A-2001-95199, (see patent document 3), keep even as far as possible by the thickness that makes framework, to keep giving the power of stator equably by framework, and stop the internal diameter shape of stator that change heterogeneous takes place, attempt to stop the increase of inserted tooth torque.In JP-A-2001-258225 (seeing patent document 4) and JP-A-2002-272074 (seeing patent document 5), consider the influence of joint filling, proposed owing to limit by the measure of the quantity of the part of joint filling.In addition, in JP-A-06-52346 (seeing patent document 6), make duplexer like this, make circumferentially seam to be set, so as to attempting to solve the problem of non-uniform of the magnetic flux that causes by seam with the edge, interval that equates basically.

The present inventor has studied the component that has the exponent number identical with number of poles 2p in the middle of the inserted tooth torque with the less pulsation quantity of the least common multiple of counting z than the groove of the quantity 2p of magnetic pole and stator, and clarified: this is in many cases, the product of making in a large amount of production, the stack of the inserted tooth torque waveform that comprises amplitude and phase place that produces owing to two or more at least factors occurs.Thereby, obtained a basic understanding, promptly, as in the prior art, only notice a specific character and take measures to be not enough to sufficiently to reduce the inserted tooth torque, and, for example attempt to make circularity to approach zero and can not accurately realize a complete desirable state for the measure that single characteristic is taked.Particularly, for the motor of the reality of in a large amount of production, making, do not consider that machining accuracy is difficult to unrestrictedly make the inserted tooth torque to approach zero.In other words, need a kind of technology, wherein finally grasp the inserted tooth torque that causes by machining accuracy, and be eliminated and become zero in the inserted tooth torque that the final stage of manufacture process is measured.

Non-patent document 1:Materials of workshop of rotation machinery ofElectric Appliance Society RM-03-152 (2003)

Patent document 1:JP-A-2001-218429

Patent document 2:JP-A-09-23687

Patent document 3:JP-A-2001-95199

Patent document 4:JP-A-2001-258225

Patent document 5:JP-A-2002-272074

Patent document 6:JP-A-06-52346

The problem to be solved in the present invention

In permanent-magnet type synchronization motor, because the comprehensive stack of various factors, for example the structure of the uneven distribution of the stand-off distance of the iron core of the distribution of the magnetic characteristic that produces of the local deterioration of the permeability inhomogeneous, that cause about the distribution of the magnetic characteristic of the magnetic anisotropy of rolling flat magnetic links and band, owing to the stress in punching out, joint filling and the framework of inhomogeneous, the stand-off distance of inhomogeneous, the A/F of air gap, division, joint is inhomogeneous etc., the identical inserted tooth torque of quantity 2p that produces its exponent number and the utmost point.In this case, should be noted that the stack that not only comprises amplitude but also comprise the inserted tooth torque waveform of phase place, thereby remove and take indemnifying measure to separate and correctly to estimate outside each factor, wherein amplitude is negated other characteristic and is reduced significantly, and in order to reduce each amplitude, need take removing measure, make the inserted tooth torque that occurs as the result who superposes therefore approach zero.

Summary of the invention

The present invention finds out in order to address the above problem, its purpose is to provide a kind of synchronous motor of permanent-magnet type, wherein by means of each synthetic factor of separating the inserted tooth torque, and take measure completely, reduce the reason that causes big amplitude in the experiment fabrication stage, and adjusting is to the processing of characteristic, wherein phase control is possible, wherein for easily manufactured, amplitude can not be reduced, so that the elimination amplitude, the inserted tooth torque with the identical flutter component of the number of poles 2p of exponent number and magnet is unrestrictedly reduced to approach zero, and a kind of method that is used to make this synchronous motor is provided.

The present invention includes stator (z is a natural number) with z groove, it is provided with coil, have the permanent magnet of the individual utmost point of 2p (p is a natural number) and be inserted into rotor in the ring-shaped core of described stator, and framework, it utilizes the power bigger than other parts to exert pressure in N position of the neighboring of stator (N is a natural number).Particularly, under the situation of shrinking assembling and mold treatment, can utilize a framework, its external shape is not an anchor ring, and is square basically, so that have a kind of thickness distribution, and the shape at framework is under the situation of anchor ring basically, partly add pressure-producing part, pad etc. for example is to constitute N pressurised zone.Under the profile of framework is not roughly the annulus and the situation of quantity less than N of pressure point, add pressure-producing part, to increase the quantity of pressure point.Under the situation of using pressurization or pressure-producing part, constitute the mechanism of the degree of a kind of zone that can regulate pressurization and pressurization.

In the processing of the installation of framework, act on each tooth of identification stator or the mark of groove in one or several position, be set up a reference position.Comprise under the situation of connected seam that at the iron core that adopts division seam can be used as the reference position.

In the test fabrication stage, inserted tooth torque about the component that has the exponent number identical and cause by stator with number of poles 2p, the state that produces utilizes feature separated, and the inserted tooth torque of in making processing, before framework is installed, passing through to measure frameless stator, perhaps measure the inserted tooth torque of stator and grasped, on described stator, install that its shape has a high precision by experiment and live through the ring-shaped core of the as far as possible little influence of the stress that applies by framework.

In the processing of installation frame on stator, it is characterized in that, position relation between the pressurised zone of the reference position of stator and the position of the N on the framework is fixed the state of its elimination inserted tooth torque before framework is installed after being determined according to quantity N and an angle.Angle between reference position and pressure point is determined according to data, and wherein the inserted tooth torque that produced in making processing before framework is installed is separated by means of feature with the reason that produces the inserted tooth torque.

Advantage of the present invention

According to the present invention, can obtain a kind of permanent-magnet type synchronization motor, wherein by on stator, providing some prepositions, the inserted tooth torque of the displacement of air gap, A/F and stand-off distance on the heterogeneity of the magnetic characteristic that is attributable to the heterogeneity of stator, is caused by stress, the internal diameter that caused by stress is eliminated, so that reduce whole inserted tooth torques.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 represents the cross-sectional view perpendicular to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of stator shaft orientation according to embodiments of the invention 1;

Fig. 2 represents the cross-sectional view perpendicular to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of stator shaft orientation according to embodiments of the invention 2;

Fig. 3 represents the cross-sectional view perpendicular to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of stator shaft orientation according to embodiments of the invention 3;

Fig. 4 represents the cross-sectional view perpendicular to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of stator shaft orientation according to embodiments of the invention 4;

Fig. 5 is illustrated in the thickness distribution along the framework of normal direction in the embodiments of the invention 4;

Fig. 6 is illustrated in the articulated type iron core in the embodiments of the invention 5;

Fig. 7 is illustrated in the adjacent part of the articulated type iron core in the embodiments of the invention 5;

Fig. 8 is illustrated in the result of the actual measurement of the low order component of inserted tooth torque under the situation that positions and make in the embodiments of the invention 5 in the adjacent part of articulated type iron core;

Fig. 9 represents the cross-sectional view perpendicular to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of stator shaft orientation according to embodiments of the invention 6;

Figure 10 is at the result's of the measurement of the angle inserted tooth torque of rotor example in according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiments of the invention 6;

Figure 11 represents perpendicular to the axial cross-sectional view according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiments of the invention 7;

Figure 12 is at the result's of the measurement of the angle inserted tooth torque of rotor example in according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiments of the invention 7;

Figure 13 represents perpendicular to the axial cross-sectional view according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiments of the invention 7;

Figure 14 is the lateral cross figure of expression according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiments of the invention 8; And

Figure 15 represents perpendicular to the axial cross-sectional view according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiments of the invention 7.

The drawing reference numeral explanation

1 stator core

2 teeth

3 grooves

4 frameworks

5 bolts hole that are used for fixing

The minor axis of 6 frameworks

7 tooth center lines

8 groove center lines

9 square diagonal

10 hinges

11 adjacent parts (welding)

12 rotors

The 12a axle

The 12b rotor yoke

The 12c magnet

13 stators

14 pressure-producing parts

15 armouring frameworks

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Fig. 1 is illustrated in the method that is used to assemble rotor that is used for implementing embodiments of the invention 1.In Fig. 1, stator core 1 constitutes by stacked rolling flat magnetic links and band, wherein is formed with 12 teeth 2 and 12 grooves 3.Framework 4 (below be called circular frame) is determined in advance as annular in this example, has the cross section perpendicular to the annular of rotor shaft (not shown).Angle with 180 degree provides bolt hole relative to one another, is used to assemble rotor and stator.Because framework 4 is processed to consistent with mould, its form accuracy is identical with grinding tool basically, the circularity (maximum gauge/minimum diameter of interior warp poor) of shape in hole of wherein holding the framework 4 of stator core 1 is not so high, make for certain serial product to have the shape of for example about 120 microns ellipse.

Fig. 1 shows straight line 6, and it represents oval-shaped minor axis.In addition, the external diameter shape of framework 4 is similar with the internal diameter shape basically, ovalize.Thereby framework 4 is constant along circumferential thickness basically, and finds, as the result of shape measure, the bolt hole 5 that is used for fixing is positioned at oval major axes orientation really.Thereby, be reduced a quantity that equals the diameter of bolt hole at the thickness of main shaft upper frame.

On the other hand, stator core 1 is generally made its joint filling simultaneously by the stacked rolling flat magnetic links and the cutting part of band, and the external diameter of stator core 1 for example has 50 microns or littler circularity, thereby in many cases, compare with the shape of framework 4, be considered to basically circular.

In general, when stator core 1 will be inserted into and be fixed in the hole of framework 4, do not consider framework 4 and stator core 1 along position relation around the rotation direction of rotor rotation axis, but stator core 1 utilize with the position of selecting for example shrink assembling, press fit, method such as molded is fixed on the framework 4.

Notice such fact, in most of the cases, the hole of framework 4 is not so good as the external shape of stator core 1 on circularity, as mentioned above, the present invention has noticed the serviceability in control position relation in rotational direction in fixing the processing, and its middle frame 4 and stator core are assembled in together in manufacture process.

For example, utilizing the contraction assembling that stator core is fixed under the situation of framework, make the stator core under the normal temperature state meet the framework that its shape has expanded, and be placed under the normal temperature, meanwhile, the shape of framework is shunk, so that step up stator core, framework is to the maximum gauge side stress application of stator core at this moment.That is, have the framework 4 of oval-shaped cross section and have the stator core 1 of circular cross-section basically for wherein hole, the direction along the minor axis of ellipse contacts with each other in the fixing starting stage of handling for framework 4 and stator core 1.

In addition, can be in general, the thickness of framework is big more, and the distortion when expanding and shrink is also big more, and the thickness of framework is big more, and the power that is applied directly to by framework on the maximum outside diameter of stator core side is big more.Thereby in this case, in fixing, the stress of stator core 1 becomes the position of extreme value (being maximum in this case) corresponding to the crossing position of the external diameter of straight line consistent with minor axis 6 and stator core 1.In this embodiment, it is nearest from the tooth 2 of stator core 1 to make the stress of stator core 1 become the position of extreme value.Wherein because tooth 2 is even numbers, in order to realize this structure, make the straight line consistent with minor axis 6 consistent just enough with tooth center line 7, tooth center line 7 connects between the tooth 2 at the antipode of stator core 1, perhaps makes the nearest of them.

Though can be arranged on quantitatively tooth center line 7 corresponding to half of the sum of tooth, promptly a plurality of tooth center lines, on the position and the tooth center line 7 aimed at of straight line 6 can be in a plurality of tooth center lines 7 one.After locating in this way, when keeping mutual position to concern, two elements are fixed.As the example that shrinks assembling, the hole of framework 4 is at first measured with its shape under ambient temperature T0 with the external shape of stator core 1.In general, needn't measure each framework and each stator core 1, only need to measure typical sample and get final product.

Then, framework 4 is lifted to a specified temp T1.Under the condition of the material of given stator core 1 and shape, T1 can be used as such temperature and estimates to obtain by calculating in advance: promptly make it possible to temperature that stator core 1 is inserted in the hole up to the hole of framework 4 because thermal expansion increases.

In this way, stator core 1 is inserted in the framework 4 that is heated to temperature T 1.Then, stator core 1 is rotated or carries out similar operations, so that be so positioned with respect to framework 4, makes that the tooth center line 7 corresponding to the straight line 6 of the minor axis in the hole of framework 4 and stator core 1 obtained is consistent.After locating in this way, framework 4 is cooled to normal temperature T0, so that by the contraction when cooling off stator core 1 is fixed on the framework 4.

As mentioned above, be positioned and fixed together, so as to making and carrying out the immobile phase ratio in other position and can reduce the inserted tooth torque corresponding to the straight line 6 of the minor axis of framework 4 and the tooth center line 7 of stator core 1.The reason that it is believed that such work is, because stator core 1 is owing to tooth 2 is thicker than other position, so that have big mechanical strength, have being little for the zone of magnetic flux by the influence of the path of the inside of stator core, and when magnetic flux by the time be difficult to be subjected to stress influence.

For the permanent-magnet type motor, suppose that the stator and the rotor that comprise magnet get theoretical value, when rotor rotation one circle, the number of times of inserted tooth torque pulsation is corresponding to the least common multiple of the groove number of the number of poles of magnet and stator, as described in the p2-p4 of non-patent document 1.But in the product of reality, existence is less than the pulsation number of times of the least common multiple of the number of poles of magnet and number of stator slots, this generally occurs in the flutter component identical with the groove number of stator and integral multiple thereof, in perhaps identical with the number of poles of magnet and integral multiple thereof the flutter component.

Wherein, formula 19 expressions on the p4 of non-patent document 1, the occurrence condition of the flutter component of the inserted tooth torque that the number of poles of quantity and magnet is identical is such situation, wherein the permeability distribution function that is formed by stator has N time flutter component at the revolution of rotor, it has a predetermined condition, and N predetermined condition of expression.That is, the flutter component of the permeability that is made of stator side constitutes one of reason of the flutter component that produces the inserted tooth torque, and the number of poles of its number of times and magnet is identical.Under the situation of 8 utmost points and 12 grooves, N=4 in stator core, and conduct is also become the reason of the flutter component of lower-order by the N=4 of the component of the higher-order of N=2 generation.

Take place the mechanism of the influence of inserted tooth torque roughly is divided into two classes owing in stator core, applying power by framework when the fixed frame.One class is a problem on deformation unshakable in one's determination.Promptly, when power is propagated in unshakable in one's determination, problem is, the position of crown end and A/F (these have influence to the air gap as flux paths) be fixed to framework before compare what kind of change taken place, and when framework and iron core in the end under the state and during balance with respect to rigidity (hardness or similar performance), from each tooth, what kind of uneven distribution they have.

Second class is, finally can not produce distortion thereby stay inner energy unshakable in one's determination and partly change magnetic characteristic (the easy degree that magnetic flux passes through unshakable in one's determination as residual stress, thereby how the mode that magnetic flux passes through changes and produce what kind of uneven distribution permeability).

Change for these, structural analysis makes it possible to calculate the state of final distortion and the state that residual stress distributes.Especially, the distribution of residual stress points out to know how the path that magnetic flux passes through changes, and it seems from each tooth, and the prompting of this change takes place in which zone.

As an example, be retracted in fully circular stator core and carry out structural analysis under the situation about being assembled in the framework, the internal diameter of described framework is circular, external diameter is oval-shaped, the result is, under the maximum point of the stress situation consistent with groove center than the maximum point that makes stress under the situation consistent with the tooth center, the amplitude of the disymmetry pulsation of residual stress becomes bigger.Think that because residual stress changes the rolling flat magnetic links and the magnetic characteristic of band, the rolling flat magnetic links and the magnetic characteristic of band also become amplitude with disymmetry pulsation, and the inserted tooth torque with flutter component of lower-order number is increased.That is, consistent with the tooth center to compare the maximum point that makes stress consistent with groove center more effective in order to reduce the flutter component with lower-order number, think the maximum point that makes stress.

But, replace the maximum point of location stress nearest apart from tooth 2, in some cases, being located the center that makes apart from groove 3 also is effective recently.That is, make the groove center line 8 that between center, connects consistent with straight line 6 at the groove 3 of antipode.In this case, the effect that reduces the inserted tooth torque is identified, unless in situation about positioning according to tooth center line 7.Because in this position, the thickness of stator core 1 is more less than other position, but the improvement of inserted tooth torque is identified, the direction that stress applies be not on the circular cross-section of stator core 1 radially, but with respect to radially an angle, and residual stress itself is disperseed and is diminished on amplitude, and this is reducing aspect the inserted tooth torque seemingly effectively, shows as analysis of mechanism.

This be because, the inserted tooth torque not only occurs as the change of the magnetic characteristic that is caused by residual stress, and as this change and when carrying out actual electric motor operated the combined result that flows of magnetic flux and final the appearance, and think, make the maximum point of which and stress of tooth center and groove center consistent best, for example the concrete shape, the direction of magnetization, the amplitude of magnetic flux etc. of permanent magnet on rotor-side of stator core change according to condition, therefore need utilize structural analysis to determine the optimum position, shown in embodiment 2.

In addition, because think under the number of poles situation different with present embodiment with the combination of groove number, the flutter component that occurs in the inserted tooth torque is to be applied to the groove side of stator core or to be applied to flank to change according to the stress that is applied in the stator core by framework, a kind of mode is remained unchanged, wherein stress is applied in the stator core from framework, so that suppress the distribution of inserted tooth torque.Therefore, should be noted that more like this that it is maximum or minimum being applied to stress in the stator core at this by framework, so that with respect to the tooth center or the groove center of this point location stator core.

In this way, in both cases, compare with the situation of fixing in other position, the inserted tooth torque is reduced, if and framework 4 and stator core 1 are fixed together under controlled state, the position relation that wherein remains unchanged in this way makes that the inserted tooth torque is uniform with regard to same class device on amplitude.Because thisly be used to control that this mutual alignment closes is that constant method is not easy to be used, inserted tooth torque in the product of routine relates to big dispersiveness on amplitude, and the average central value that relates to the statistics of inserted tooth torque increases, and become in the size that makes the inserted tooth torque under the situation of index of the control of product, the output of product is reduced.According to the present invention, the dispersiveness of the size of inserted tooth torque is improved, and in conjunction with the effect that the inserted tooth torque reduces, makes the output of product increase.

This effect only by simple location and fixing the acquisition, does not need complicated manufacturing process, wherein makes the aliform thing relevant with patent document 3, thereby it can simplified manufacturing technique, also is effective being reduced to this aspect.In addition, according to the invention that patent document 3 discloses, the effective thickness of framework is greatly reduced, thereby worries mechanical strength, but the invention enables the minimizing of effective thickness less, thereby is excellent in this respect.

Embodiment 2

Fig. 2 is illustrated in the method that is used for assembling motor in the embodiments of the invention 2, among the figure being example with the identical annular frame of framework among the embodiment 1.Label is identical with label shown in Figure 1.

In embodiment 2, show the position that puts on the maximum point of the stress in the stator core 1 by framework 4 does not see Chu from its shape situation.For example be assembled into example with contraction and describe, the profile of the hole of framework 4 and stator core 1 all is oval, under the situation that framework 4 is cooled, does not know which position of stator core 1 at first contacts with framework.Thereby, do not know the maximum point of stress.

For the position of the maximum point of determining stress in this case, the structural analysis program that for example is used for definite distribution that is put on the stress in the stator core 1 by framework 4 is just enough.

When the shape of the shape of framework 4 and material, stator core 1 and material, the condition of arranging mutually and temperature conditions are transfused to, can use structural analysis program to calculate for example by shrinking the distribution of the stress that in stator core, applies under the situation that assembling fixes.Can be by the result of calculation of basis for the condition (for example particularly change of corner) of a plurality of layouts of framework 4 and stator core 1, find a kind of layout to determine a kind of predetermined layout, wherein the maximum of stress appears at the position corresponding to tooth center line 7 or groove center line 8.

In addition, because stress is from being applied to a side of stator core from framework, make to internal communication, produce strain simultaneously, last distribution and the direction that obtains residual stress in this way, is under the best situation In the view of some from reducing the inserted tooth torque, near near or the groove that the position that preferably appears at other according to the maximum of this information stress replaces making maximum appear at tooth.This guiding is judged according to the direction of stress and along the thickness of described direction stator core 1.

In addition, when the position of determining for the type of the device that is used for framework 4 and stator core 1 are secured together positions, remove outside the effect that reduces the inserted tooth torque as described in example 1 above, also produce and reduce the effect of scattering.Thereby, compare with conventional manufacture method, wherein do not fix with fixing position relation, combine for the improvement of the dispersion of the amplitude of inserted tooth torque and the effect that reduces the inserted tooth torque, thereby improve the output of product.

Even when the external shape of framework 4 or other shape, foregoing is determined equally, and can obtain same effect.

Embodiment 3

Fig. 3 is illustrated in the method that is used for assembling motor in the embodiments of the invention 3.Use the label declaration identical parts identical with Fig. 1.Framework 4 is square, and the cross section perpendicular to the rotating shaft of rotor in the hole of framework 4 is circular basically, and the external shape of stator core 1 also is circular basically.

In this case, because having clearly vertically, the thickness of framework 4 distributes, the stress that is put on by framework 4 on the side of stator core 1 depends on the thickness of framework 4, and thinks big more along the thickness of normal direction framework, and the stress that applies on this side is big more.That is, the stress that is put in the stator core 1 by framework 4 increases along diagonal, compares with other situation, and the thickness of framework 4 is increased in the direction.

By means of positioning like this, make that any one of two diagonal 9 of the tooth center line 7 of stator core 1 and framework 4 is consistent, so that the tooth center line is arranged on the maximum point of stress, and stator core 1 is fixed on the framework 4, can obtain the effect that 1 described inserted tooth torque reduces as embodiment.In addition, thickness at framework has clearly distribution in normal direction, and the stress that depends on thickness is applied under the situation in the stator core, and are 4 symmetries with respect to the mechanical angles of 360 degree in the distribution of stress, the groove number be 12 and the groove number be used as 4 of symmetry characteristic and remove and obtain 3 under the situation of odd number, needn't notice that stress becomes maximum any point, even notice when stress becomes minimum point, the groove center line that makes stator core is with consistent as the center line of a side of framework that is the stress smallest point, and it is consistent that the result makes that tooth center and stress become maximum point.

In this way, we can say, according to the shape and the groove number of framework, do not need only to note that stress becomes maximum point, become the reference point that minimum point is identified for locating if notice stress, then it is inessential.Remove outside the localization method, the details of this manufacture method is identical with embodiment's 1.

In addition, though carry out by means of shrinking assembling at the fixing of embodiment 1-embodiment 3 middle frames and stator core, this fixing also can the assembling by means of pressure be carried out, and perhaps utilize binder to carry out, thereby fixed form is not particularly limited.

In addition, though the present invention is an example with the stator with 12 grooves, the situation with other utmost point groove is suitable for too, is not limited in this respect.

In addition, in each embodiment, have annular or square cross section is an example with the external shape of framework, but can have triangle or pentagonal cross section, be not limited in this respect.

Embodiment 4

Fig. 4 is illustrated in the method that is used for assembling motor in the embodiments of the invention 4.Use the label identical to represent identical parts with Fig. 1.Framework 4 is square basically, comprises circular basically breach in diagonal.In addition, though not shown, above framework, be equipped with in some cases connector box or or its analog, thereby the thickness of framework 4 is had influence.

In this case, because the thickness of framework 4 can not easily know, tried to achieve as shown in Figure 5 along the angle-dependence of normal direction frame thickness.

Found that, thickness distribution thick and put on stress in the stator core 1 by framework 4 to become maximum zone be precipitous, and the thickness distribution minimum, putting on stress in the stator core, to become minimum zone be slowly to change.

As mentioned above because utilize the framework of four symmetries, the groove number be 12 and the groove number divided by obtaining odd number 3, even when considering that stress becomes minimum point and positions, also obtain the layout that is equal to as 4 of symmetrical feature.

Especially, becoming maximum point at stress has under the situation of precipitous rate of change, frame structure as present embodiment, it seems from the viewpoint of manufacturing process, certainly exist limited positioning accuracy, therefore the location in this structure, wherein rate of change becomes minimum, is difficult to be subjected to the affect positioning when a large amount of production.

Therefore, according to present embodiment, for mass-produced motor, stator core 1 and framework 4 are positioned in the scope of a positioning accuracy, with stress become angle with smallest be the center ± 10 degree, and framework 4 is fixed.By means of such work, can obtain the inserted tooth torque minimizing effect same with embodiment 1 described effect, be under the condition of limited from the processing view positioning accuracy, can position under the state of error effect being difficult to be subjected to, and in a large amount of production, can keep little inserted tooth torque and do not disperse.

Embodiment 5

In the present embodiment, use the framework identical with embodiment 4, but the iron core of stator core employing articulated type.This can be designed like this, make and replace by rolling flat magnetic links and the circular basically seamless iron core of band, one or several otch is provided, and on groove, provide flexible linkage (hinged 10), as shown in Figure 6, so that it is straight making stator core, makes and in the processing of tooth coiling winding, carrying out coiling easily.

Because stator core comprises otch, need after coiling, put otch together, so that carry out attended operation, for example weld etc. in a side of iron core.These parts are called as adjacent part.Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of clearly representing the stator core of adjacent part 11.The adjacent part 11 of stator core has the characteristic different with other slot part on structure and internal state, for example the residual stress that stays when welding.Therefore, under the situation of hinge type iron core, wherein there is adjacent part 11, thinks that the stress that need be applied on the adjacent part by framework is little.

Therefore, according to the present invention, replace the groove center line, the center line that makes adjacent part 11 is as the reference point of location, and the impact point of location is provided with like this, makes adjacent part 11 meet a kind of structure, wherein the stress that is applied in the stator core by framework becomes minimum really, that is, wherein thickness becomes minimum, and its rate of change along the thickness distribution of the normal direction of framework also becomes minimum.Positioning accuracy is identical with embodiment's 4, promptly ± 10 degree.

Fig. 8 is illustrated in the summary according to the result of the actual measurement of the inserted tooth torque component of lower-order under the above-mentioned situation that positions and make.Even when orientation angle be dispersed in ± scopes of 10 degree in the time, described component is 0.05[arbitrary unit (arb.unit)] or littler, this is a desired value.In addition, closed square is illustrated in orientation angle and specially is dispersed in data under 22 the situations when spending.From the measurement result of reality as can be seen, compare with situation about not positioning, under the situation of location, the inserted tooth torque has been reduced really.

In this way, even under the situation of using the hinge type iron core, wherein there is adjacent part 11, consistent by positioning the adjacent part that makes stator core with impact point, also can reach the effect that the inserted tooth torque the same with embodiment 1 described effect reduces, on described impact point, put on stress in the stator core by framework, promptly the thickness distribution along the normal direction of framework becomes minimum, and the rate of change of thickness distribution becomes minimum, and it seems under positioning accuracy is condition of limited from the viewpoint of processed, can handle under the state of error effect being difficult to be subjected to, make and in a large amount of production, to keep the inserted tooth torque not have dispersion for little value.

In addition, obviously, this method is not limited to the hinge type iron core, but can be used for thin-walled connecting-type iron core, and wherein the connection of tooth is realized by thin-walled.

Embodiment 6

Will be at permanent-magnet type synchronization motor explanation embodiment 6 with 8 utmost points and 12 grooves, it can reduce the inserted tooth torque by utilizing press member to exert pressure in the precalculated position.Fig. 9 is the figure of expression according to the cross section of the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiment 6.In the present embodiment, will describe at the situation of 8 utmost points and 12 grooves.

Rotor 12 comprises a 12a, rotor yoke 12b and be the magnet 12c of permanent magnet.Axle is fixed with rotor yoke 12b on the 12a, and it comprises that external shape is the magnetic body of 8 limit shapes, and magnet 12c is fixed on each flat part of profile of 8 limit shapes of rotor yoke 12b.The adjacent utmost point of magnet 12c is configured to opposite each other.Stator core 13 mainly is made of tooth 13a on circular pipe and rear magnetic yoke 13b, and the arcuate side of the magnet 12c of the interior annulus side of the tooth 13a of stator 13 and rotor 12 is set for air-gap of qualification.In addition, the coil in tooth 13a normal coiling on every side has been omitted in Fig. 1.

In addition, provide pressure-producing part 14 in the outside of stator 13, inwardly pressurizeing to stator 13 in its precalculated position at the excircle of stator, and provides armouring parts 15 on the excircle of pressure-producing part 14, is used for pressure-producing part 14 is inwardly pressurizeed.In addition, though not shown, rotor 2 is being supported rotationally, and magnet 12c in the present embodiment is provided with ideally, and making provides uniform and symmetrical magnetic flux distribution.On the other hand, with regard to manufacturing, be part heterogeneous, on performance, comprise flutter component because stator 13 comprises.The influence that flutter component produces product is described after a while.

The following describes operation.Rotor 12 and stator 13 are assembled in together, do not make electric current flow through tooth 13a around the state of coil (not shown) under, rotor 12 is with low constant speed rotation, it is measured in each angle that be used to rotate required torque this moment.This torque is called as the loss torque.The loss torque is the specific part of representative by the slip torque of the bearing that is supporting rotor 12 rotationally and constitutes according to the flutter component of the change of each angle rotor 12 in total magnetic energy of the magnetic circuit that is made of rotor 12 and stator 13.In addition, flutter component is called as the inserted tooth torque.

Figure 10 is illustrated in the result's of the inserted tooth torque measurement of carrying out according to an angle of the rotor of the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiment 6 example.Spend in the scopes of 90 degree 0 and to show the angle of rotor.In the drawings, transverse axis is represented rotor angle, and the longitudinal axis is represented the inserted tooth torque, curve a be during fabrication pressure-producing part 14 in the precalculated position on the excircle of stator to the measurement result before stator 13 pressurization.The angle position of rotor 12 and stator 13 relation is being placed under the situation of layout shown in Figure 9, and the supposition of the reference point of rotor angle is 0 degree.That is, the reference angle of rotor 12 is under the situation of the median between the magnetic pole, and the center of the position of the reference angle of rotor 12 and the tooth 13a of stator 13 is set up point-blank.

Curve a among Figure 10 comprises when rotor 12 turns around the stack of the flutter component of 24 times flutter component and 8 times.Even 24 times flutter component is called as the flutter component that also can produce when stator 14 and rotor 12 have theoretical shape, because the number of poles of rotor 12 is 8 in the present embodiment, the groove number of stator 13 is that 12,24 times flutter component is consistent with 24, and it is 8 and 12 least common multiple.8 times flutter component is identical with the number of poles of rotor 12.

Shown in the formula on the p4 of non-patent document 1 19, its expression rotor 12 whenever turns around under the magnetic conductance distribution function that is formed by stator has N time situation, and rotor 1 whenever turns around and can produce the inserted tooth torque of (2p) flutter component with 8 times.In the formula below its expression N satisfies any one:

N＝p (1)

Or

N＝±2P-i1×z (2)

Or

N＝i1×z±2p (3)

Wherein p represents number of pole-pairs, gets half value of number of poles, and z represents the groove number, and i1 represents when the space exponent number of magnetic conductance distribution function during with the Fu Shi series expansion.

Because having the exponent number i1 of maximum effect is 1, if i1=1 then unimportant.Be used to have among the embodiment 6 under the situation of permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of 8 utmost points and 12 grooves at it, the lowest numeric in N answer is 4.Obtain N=4 from p=4, and work as i1=1, z=12, p=4, N=1 * 12-8=4 result.The Xie Yuexiao of N, it is easy more that it occurs as the inserted tooth torque.Promptly, whenever turn around flutter component that the inserted tooth torque has this true expression of flutter component (along positive direction 8 times with along negative direction 8 times) N=4 time of 8 times of rotor 1 is comprised in possibility in the magnetic conductance distribution function of stator 13, because stator 13 is heterogeneous according to manufacturing.

But, the residual stress that its reason belongs to the anisotropy of the permeability of the steel plate that stator 13 uses, produced by during fabrication processing, because the shape of stress that the pressure assembling of stator 13 produces etc. and stator 13, and be difficult to standard and remove these reasons at manufacture view.For reduce to have 8 flutter components that rotor 12 whenever turns around the inserted tooth torque, think that effective method is the component that has opposite phase for 4 times flutter component in the magnetic conductance distribution function that is formed by stator 13 on the contrary, and in the magnetic conductance distribution function, offset 4 times flutter component.

Wherein, 8 times the flutter component that comprises in the inserted tooth torque has under the situation of waveform of phase place as shown in figure 10, give stator 13 predetermined stress and displacement by preparation corresponding to 4 pressure-producing parts 14 of 4 times flutter component in the magnetic conductance distribution function that is included in stator shown in Figure 9 13, and assemble described parts with the intervals of 90 degree at 4 position pressure from being arranged on by the center of the tooth on the straight line of a position of the reference angle between armouring parts 15 and the stator 13.Stress changes the relative permeability of stator 13 partly.Whenever the turn around change of the relative permeability that caused by the displacement of stator 13 and stress of rotor 12 produces 4 times flutter component, because because the stress of the rear magnetic yoke of stator 13, gas length and relative permeability that rotor 12 whenever turns around between stator 13 and rotor 12 also cause 4 times flutter component.Therefore, give in the magnetic conductance distribution function, to have the component with the phase place opposite phases of 4 times flutter component, so that can offset 4 flutter components in the magnetic conductance distribution function of stator 13.

The curve b of Figure 10 is utilizing suitable interference stator 13 pressure to be assembled to the inserted tooth torque of measuring afterwards in the pressure-producing part.A compares with curve, find that 8 flutter components that comprise in the inserted tooth torque of each circle have been cancelled, thereby the inserted tooth torque has reduced at large.

In addition, under the situation of the phase shifting α degree of 8 times flutter component that in the inserted tooth torque, comprises and the curve a of Figure 10, can make its adaptation by means of the position of correspondingly rotating pressurization.The quantity that is staggered in the position of pressurization generally is tending towards proportional with the α degree, proportionally can not take place by accident, and this is because this trend depends on the interference degrees under the situation of pressure assembling.Thereby, need to grasp this quantity according to the condition of each product by experiment.

The quantity of pressing position by means of the N that tries to achieve by N=p or N=± 2 * P-z or N=z ± 2 * p on the occasion of determining, i1=1 in formula (1)-(3) wherein, and the position of pressurization is determined like this, make that the inserted tooth torque is zero point or its contiguous primary importance that becomes pressurization in the inserted tooth torque measurement, the primary importance that makes pressurization is as the reference angle among Fig. 9, and the rest position of pressurization is set up at interval with angle same.

As mentioned above, because present embodiment comprises the stator 13 with 12 grooves, it is provided with coil, has the rotor 12 in ring-shaped core permanent magnet and that be inserted into stator 13 of 8 utmost points, and pressure-producing part 14, inwardly exert pressure in its N position in the neighboring of stator, N is by N=4, N=± 2 * 4-12, or the positive minimum value among the N=12 ± 2 * 4 calculate 4, the stress and the displacement that are produced by this stress are given stator 13 in the precalculated position, so that cancel 4 times flutter component in the magnetic conductance that is formed by stator 13, so as to reducing the inserted tooth torque of the flutter component with number of times identical with the number of poles of rotor 12.

In addition, though present embodiment adopts a kind of like this structure, wherein between stator 13 and armouring parts 15, be provided with arc pressure-producing part 14, but also can adopt a kind of like this structure, wherein stress can be applied in the inside of the neighboring of stator 13 in 4 precalculated positions, therefore when for example being applied to bulk article, can be by the molded direction and the shape of designing mould, as increasing outside thickness when the molded armouring, under the situation that each product is all identical basically of the precalculated position of stress application.

In addition, according to present embodiment, the ratio of the groove number of the number of poles of rotor 12 and stator 13 is 2: 3, and the typical example of the ratio identical with this quantity comprises 4 utmost points and 6 grooves and 6 utmost points and 9 grooves.Minimum in the middle of these of the N relevant with N time flutter component in the magnetic conductance distribution function of stator 13 are separated, it may produce the flutter component of the number of times identical with number of poles rotor in the inserted tooth torque, under the situation of 4 utmost points and 6 grooves is N=2, is N=3 under the situation of 6 utmost points and 9 grooves.These produce identical effect, as long as the pressure-producing part 14 of respective numbers is set respectively, this is that the groove number of stator 13 and the number of poles of rotor 12 are identical according to angular relationship and electrical degree because when the angle of rotor 12 is considered to electrical degree.In addition, though be taken at by N=4 according to present embodiment N, N=± 2 * 4-12, the positive minimum value in the value that calculate or N=12 ± 2 * 4, N is not limited to minimum value, but can get on the occasion of in any one.

Embodiment 7

At permanent-magnet type synchronization motor explanation embodiment 7, wherein can reduce the inserted tooth torque below by utilizing pressure-producing part to exert pressure in the precalculated position with 10 utmost points and 12 grooves.

Figure 11 is the cross-sectional view of expression according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiment 7.Compare with embodiment 6, rotor has 10 utmost points in the present embodiment, and stator has 12 grooves.But, though in embodiment 6, be provided with pressure-producing part 14, only pressure-producing part is set in the present embodiment two positions 4 positions.

In addition, magnet 12c in the present embodiment is provided for producing the close distribution of magnetic of uniform symmetry ideally.On the other hand, because stator 13 comprises the non-homogeneous part according to manufacturing, in magnetic conductance, comprise flutter component.The influence that product is produced by flutter component is described after a while.

Figure 12 is illustrated in the result according to the angle inserted tooth torque measurement of the rotor 12 of the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiment 7.Show the angle of rotor spending in the scopes of 360 degree from 0.Figure 12 a represents during fabrication the measurement before being exerted pressure by pressure-producing part 3 in the precalculated position of the neighboring of stator 3.

Inserted tooth torque among Figure 12 a comprises when rotor 12 turns around by stack and equals 12 flutter components of number of stator slots and equal 10 flutter components of rotor number of poles and the component that obtains.10 times flutter component about the number of poles that equals rotor 12, with with the theoretical identical mode shown in the embodiment 6, the condition of the N relevant with N flutter component in the magnetic conductance distribution function that forms by stator, rotor 12 whenever turns around, and it may produce the inserted tooth torque of the flutter component with 10 times (2p), be to satisfy N=p, or N=± 2p-i1 * z, or among N=i1 * z ± 2p any one.Therefore, according to embodiment 7, under the situation of the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor that is applied to have 10 utmost points and 12 grooves, the minimum value in the middle of the separating of N is 2.This is i1=1, z=12, the situation of 2p=10, wherein N=1 * 12-10.

Promptly, the rotor 12 inserted tooth torque of whenever turning around has this fact table of flutter component (positive direction 10 times and negative direction 10 times) of 10 times and is shown in the possibility that comprises 2 flutter components in the magnetic conductance distribution function of stator 13, and this is because stator 13 is heterogeneous by manufacturing.As described in embodiment 6, its reason remove also have the anisotropy of the permeability of steel plate outside the shape of stator 13, the local residual pressure that produces by processing during fabrication, because the pressure of stator assembles the stress that produces etc.

Particularly, about 2 times the flutter component that in the magnetic conductance distribution function, comprises, when making because during the steel plate of stator 13 itself, after the rolling mill practice in finishing the steel plate manufacturing, remaining internal stress is different along rolling direction with perpendicular direction, so the permeability of steel plate has anisotropy.Under the situation of being reeled along the direction that forms stator 13 by the stacked while by drawn-steel iron core, the relative permeability of the rear magnetic yoke 13b of rotor 12 revolutions one delineation 13 has flutter component 2 times.In order to reduce 10 flutter components that rotor 12 whenever turns around, it is just enough oppositely to provide the component opposite with the phase place of 2 times flutter component in the magnetic conductance distribution function that is formed by stator 13.

Here, 8 times the flutter component that comprises in the inserted tooth torque presents under the situation of phase place of the curve a that has among Fig. 2, two pressure-producing parts 3 that equal 2 flutter components in the magnetic conductance distribution function of stator 13 shown in Figure 11 by preparation give stator 13 predetermined stress and displacement, so as between armouring parts 15 and stator 13 at relative position pressure assembling stator.Stress changes the relative permeability of stator 13 partly.Whenever the turn around change of the relative permeability that caused by the displacement of stator 13 and stress of rotor 12 produces 2 pulsation, because because the stress of the rear magnetic yoke 13b of stator 13, rotor 12 whenever turns around, and gas length between stator 13 and the rotor 12 and relative permeability also cause 2 pulsation.Therefore, when the position of rotor 12 and stator 13 relation was organized, the magnetic conductance distribution function also provided the component that has with the phase place opposite phases of 2 flutter components.

Figure 12 b is illustrated in and utilizes suitable interference pressure-producing part 14 to be assembled to the inserted tooth torque of measuring afterwards on the stator 13.With Figure 12 a relatively, can find that rotor 10 times the flutter component that comprises that whenever turns around has been cancelled, thereby the inserted tooth torque has been reduced at large in the inserted tooth torque.

As mentioned above, because present embodiment comprises the stator 13 with 12 grooves, it is provided with coil, have 10 utmost points permanent magnet 12c's and be inserted into rotor 12 in the ring-shaped core of stator 13, and and=pressure-producing part 14, be used for N position inwardly being pressurizeed in the neighboring of stator 13, N is from N=5, N=± 2 * 5-12, or 2 the positive minimum value calculated of N=12 ± 2 * 5, the stress and the displacement that are produced by stress are given stator 13 on the precalculated position, so that eliminate 2 flutter components in the magnetic conductance that is formed by stator 13, so as to making it possible to reduce the inserted tooth torque of the flutter component with number of times identical with the number of poles of rotor 12.

Embodiment 8

Figure 13 is the cross-sectional view according to the embodiment 8 of permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of the present invention.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 6 is, replaces pressure-producing part 14 and armouring parts 15, and stator 13 is assemblied in the framework 5 by pressure.In addition, Figure 14 is the horizontal sectional view of expression according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiment 8.Framework 15 comprises pressures partially 14a, is used for stator 13 being pressurizeed in 4 precalculated positions, and bearing portions 14b, be used to supporting the outer toroid of the bearing 17 that is mounted on the rotor 12, thereby supporting the end of rotor 12 so that it can rotate.In structure chart, the bearing portions 14b and the pressures partially 14a of framework 15 are provided on the same axis.

During fabrication, stator 13 is assembled on the framework 15 by pressure, makes that the precalculated position on the neighboring of the pressures partially 14a of framework 15 and stator 13 is consistent.At this moment, inwardly exert pressure in the precalculated position of the neighboring of 15 pairs of stators 13 of framework.Therefore, the identical effect of effect by means of giving with the pressures partially 14 of embodiment 6 can reduce the inserted tooth torque.Thereby parts can be simplified, and this is because a kind of like this structure, wherein remove to make embodiment 8 can produce outside the effect identical with embodiment 6, and framework 15 can inwardly directly be exerted pressure to stator in the precalculated position on the neighboring of stator 13.

In addition,, framework 15 is fixed stator 13 and stator is exerted pressure, also can shrink assembling as assembly method by means of the pressure assembling though present embodiment is illustrated at the situation of carrying out pressure assembling as consistent method.

In addition, though be illustrated,, just can produce identical effect under the situation of 10 utmost points of embodiment 7 and 12 grooves as long as the pressures partially of framework 15 is provided on two positions at the situation of 8 utmost points and 12 grooves.

Embodiment 9

At a kind of manufacture method explanation embodiment 9, wherein can reduce inserted tooth torque below according to permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of the present invention.

In general, for stabilised quality when making permanent-magnet type synchronization motor, carry out inserted tooth torque check usually during fabrication.But, after all elements are assembled, carry out the processing of inserted tooth torque check at the last testing stage of finished product.Therefore, requiring under the situation of little inserted tooth torque according to product specification, these products of Sheng Chaning can not satisfy code requirement and be scrapped during fabrication, perhaps are disassembled and readjust or similarly handle.In addition, under the situation of permanent-magnet type synchronization motor, it needs the pressure assembly technology of the external shape of stator 13, and the processing of pressure assembling can increase the inserted tooth torque greatly in some cases.

Present embodiment describes at the situation of 8 utmost points among the embodiment 6 and 12 grooves.At first,, rotor 12 and stator 13 measure the inserted tooth torque, wherein stator 13 pressurized part 14 pressurizations in the position of a stage after assembling by being set.At this moment, need measure under a kind of like this state, wherein coil is by coiling.This is because the tension force in the coil 18 produces stress at the tooth or the similar position of stator 13 in some cases when coiling.

In addition, under the substantially invariable situation of phase place of the inserted tooth torque when each product in bulk article is measured in the mill, do not need to check each product, but can in the check of not notifying, measure.

Then, determine the quantity N of the position that stator 13 is pressurized by the data of the inserted tooth torque of each angle rotor 12.By the Data Detection of inserted tooth torque to the number of times identical promptly under 8 times the situation of flutter component with the number of poles of rotor 12, according to the formula on the p4 of non-patent document 1 19, have the magnetic conductance distribution function that forms by stator and have whenever the turn around possibility of N flutter component of rotor.Its expression N satisfies N=p, or any one of N=± 2p-i1 * z or N=i1 * z ± 2p, and wherein p represents number of pole-pairs, is half of number of poles, and z is the groove number, and i1 represents the spatial order when magnetic conductance distribution function usefulness Fu Shi series expansion.

Equal 4 in the central positive minimum value of separating of N, shown in embodiment 6.Therefore, have whenever turn around 8 times the inserted tooth torque of flutter component of rotor 12, need in the magnetic conductance distribution function that forms by stator 13, have the component with the phase place opposite phases of 4 flutter components on the contrary, make N be determined and equal 4 in order to reduce.

Then, determine those positions that stator 2 is pressurized by the data of the inserted tooth torque of each angle rotor 12.Specifically, from the component of the inserted tooth torque extraction number of times identical, and be that the phase place of component sine waves is determined those positions that stator 13 is pressurized basically according to such extraction with the number of poles of rotor 12.For example, the inserted tooth torque as embodiment 6 under the situation shown in the curve a of Figure 10, the quantity of pressing position is 4, is 90 degree at interval, the center of the tooth that is provided with from the straight line of the position by reference angle shown in Figure 9.

In addition, under the situation of the phase shifting α degree of 8 flutter components that in the inserted tooth torque, comprise and the curve a of Figure 10, need to grasp these positions with experiment, shown in embodiment 6, therefore need take into account some conditions for example disturbs etc. and to carry out conversion in advance, so that when producing, from described conversion, obtain information, be used for determining position corresponding to the pressurized position of stator 13.

At last, the pressurization of the precalculated position on the neighboring of stator 13.4 precalculated positions that make pressures partially 14 and will carry out between armouring parts 15 and stator on the neighboring of stator 13 of pressure assembling are consistent.

Thereby, embodiment 9 is characterised in that, its be included in be formed annular and the stator that coil is set thereon 13 with 12 grooves in insert and assembling has the step of rotor 12 of the permanent magnet of 8 utmost points (p is a natural number), the step of rotary rotor 12 under a kind of state, under this state, do not make electric current flow through the coil of stator 13, so that measure the inserted tooth torque of each angle, determine the step of the position that the neighboring of stator 13 is pressurized according to the measurement of inserted tooth torque, and the step of assembling pressure-producing part, described pressure-producing part pressurizes to the neighboring of stator in the outside to stator 4 positions, the 4th, from N=4, N=± 2 * 4-12, or the positive minimum value of N=12 ± 2 * 4 calculating.

Therefore, the state of the inserted tooth torque before the precalculated position of the neighboring of stator 13 is pressurized is utilized, can be used as black box and treat the reason that the inserted tooth torque produces, the component that is caused by the heterogeneity of the inserted tooth torque of each groove all can be reduced under any reason, makes it possible to reduce the inserted tooth torque and the reason of not probing into the inserted tooth torque.

In addition, in the step of measuring the inserted tooth torque, do not produce under the situation of inserted tooth torque of the number of times identical with the number of poles of rotor 12, can use the parts fixed stator 13 of common tubular, and not use pressures partially 14 and framework 15 with the structure that is used to pressurize.In addition, be equally applicable to framework 15 according to the manufacture method of present embodiment according to embodiment 8.

Embodiment 10

Not to reduce the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor explanation embodiment 10 of inserted tooth torque under the situation of the minimum value in the middle of the separating of condition N at quantity below in the position of the pressurized parts of stator pressurization.

Figure 15 is the cross-sectional view of expression according to the permanent-magnet type synchronization motor of embodiment 10.Compare with embodiment 6, rotor has 4 utmost points in the present embodiment, and stator has 12 grooves.In addition, magnet 12c in the present embodiment is provided for providing the magnetic flux distribution of uniform symmetry ideally.On the other hand, because stator 13 comprises part heterogeneous with regard to manufacturing, in magnetic conductance, comprise flutter component.The influence of flutter component to product will be described after a while.

In addition, according to embodiment 10, when the measurement of the inserted tooth torque of carrying out permanent-magnet type synchronization motor, it has 4 utmost points and 12 grooves, and in some cases, rotor 1 whenever turns around and comprises 4 component of degree n ns with the number of poles same number of rotor 1.

Though the situation at the positive minimum value in the middle of the separating of the calculating of N has illustrated embodiment 6 to 9, but in some cases, even be not separating of N under the situation of minimum value, when the component that in the magnetic conductance distribution function that forms by stator 13, has with the phase place opposite phase of N flutter component, also can reduce the inserted tooth torque.In 4 utmost points and 12 grooves of embodiment 10, supposing i1=0 in about the formula of the times N of flutter component, is by N=2 at N=4, N=± 2 * 2-12 * 0, or N=12 * 0 ± 2 * 2 calculate worthwhile on the occasion of situation under, in the magnetic conductance distribution function, produce N time flutter component.

In addition, though in non-patent document 1 at i1 0 situation is illustrated, even i1 〉=0 is established in theory because i1 is when the spatial order of magnetic conductance distribution function during with the Fu Shi series expansion.When setting up formula (2), when (3), i1 is more little, and the amplitude of inserted tooth torque is big more.

As shown in figure 15, prepare 4 pressure-producing parts 14,4 equal the number of times 4 of the flutter component that comprises in the magnetic conductance distribution function of stator 13, be inserted tooth torque when measuring the inserted tooth torque that 0 point or its are contiguous as the primary importance of pressurizeing, and remaining pressing position is provided with at interval with angle same.By being assemblied in, pressure-producing part stress gives stress and the displacement that stator 13 is scheduled between armouring frame 14 and the stator 13.This stress changes the permeability of stator 13 partly.

The change of the relative permeability that is caused by the displacement and the stress of stator 3 is whenever turned around at rotor 12 and is caused 4 times flutter component, because because the stress of the rear magnetic yoke of stator 13, gas length between stator 13 and rotor 12 and relative permeability rotor 12 whenever turn around and also cause 4 times pulsation.Therefore, when the position of stator 13 and rotor 12 relation was adjusted, the magnetic conductance distribution function also provided the component that has with the phase place opposite phases of 4 flutter components.

In this case, verified, in the front and back by pressure-producing part 14 pressurizations, the inserted tooth torque all is reduced.Thereby the magnetic conductance distribution function also produces 4 times flutter component, and the pressurization of being undertaken by pressure-producing part 14 makes it possible to have and the component of the phase place opposite phases of this flutter component.

As mentioned above, because present embodiment comprises the stator 13 with 12 grooves, it is provided with coil, has the rotor 12 in the ring-shaped core that is inserted into stator 13 of permanent magnet of 4 utmost points, and the pressure-producing part 14 that inwardly pressurizes in the neighboring of stator 13 N position, wherein N is by formula (1) N=P, or formula (2) N=± 2p-i1 * z, or the positive minimum value that formula (3) N=i1 * z ± 2p obtains, the stress and the displacement that are produced by this stress are added on stator 13 in the precalculated position, so that offset 4 flutter components in the magnetic conductance that forms by stator 13, so as to the inserted tooth torque of the flutter component that makes it possible to reduce the number of times identical with the number of poles of rotor 12.

In the present embodiment, obtain N=2, obtain N=± 2 * 2-12 * 0=4, or obtain N=12 * 0 ± 2 * 2=4 by formula (3) by formula (2) from formula (1).In these N worthwhile, adopt as on the occasion of 4, and 4 positions pressurizations.

In addition,, framework 15 pressure are assembled under the situation in the stator 13, also can obtain identical effect in the mode identical with embodiment 8 even replacing pressure-producing part 14 and armouring parts 15.

Embodiment 11

The following describes embodiment 11, its at be that permanent-magnet type synchronization motor according to embodiment 10 is applied to the situation according to the manufacture method of embodiment 9.

Only the difference in the processing between present embodiment and the embodiment 9 is described.In the processing of the quantity of those positions of determining by the data of the inserted tooth torque of the rotor 12 of each angle stator 13 is pressurizeed, utilize the central positive minimum value of separating of N to determine, it satisfies N=P in embodiment 9, N=± 2p-i1 * z, any one of N=i1 * z ± 2p, and the difference of embodiment 11 and embodiment 9 is, according in the magnetic conductance distribution function, produce as on the occasion of the flutter component of N=4, determine N=4.By carrying out subsequently the processing identical, can make permanent-magnet type synchronization motor with embodiment 9.

Thereby, because embodiment 11 is included in to be formed annular and to have and inserts in the stator 13 of 12 grooves and assembling has the step of system rotor 12 of the permanent magnet of 4 utmost points (p is a natural number), described stator is provided with coil, the step of rotary rotor 12 under a kind of state, described state is, do not make electric current flow through coil 18, so that measure the inserted tooth torque of each angle, determine the step of those positions of on the neighboring of stator 13, pressurizeing according to the measurement of inserted tooth torque, and in the step of 4 positions assembling pressure-producing parts 14 in the outside of stator 13, described pressure-producing part pressurizes on the neighboring of stator 13, the 4th, by N=2, N=± 2 * 2-12 * 0, or the positive minimum value of N=12 * 0 ± 2 * 2 calculating, the state of the inserted tooth torque of utilization before the pressurization of the precalculated position of the neighboring of stator 13, make that can be used as black box treats the reason that the inserted tooth torque produces, the component that is caused by the heterogeneity of the inserted tooth torque of each groove all can be reduced under any reason, makes it possible to reduce the inserted tooth torque and the reason of not probing into the inserted tooth torque.

In addition, in the step of measuring the inserted tooth torque, do not produce under the situation of inserted tooth torque of the number of times identical with the number of poles of rotor 12, can use the parts fixed stator 13 of common tubular, and not use pressures partially 14 and framework 15 with the structure that is used to pressurize.

Claims (4)

1. permanent-magnet type synchronization motor comprises the stator core of (z is a natural number) the individual groove that has z, and it is provided with coil; Have the permanent magnet of the individual utmost point of 2 * p (p is a natural number) and be inserted into rotor in the ring-shaped core of stator core; And in N position of the neighboring of stator core the inside pressure-producing part of pressurization, N is by N=p, N=± 2 * p-z * i1 (i1 is at least 0 integer), or N=z * i1 ± 2 * p calculate worthwhile on the occasion of in any one.

2. permanent-magnet type synchronization motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein N is by N=p, N=± 2 * p-z * i1 (i1 is at least 0 integer), or N=z * i1 ± 2 * p calculate worthwhile in positive minimum value.

3. permanent-magnet type synchronization motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pressure-producing part comprise and are used for fixing the stator core and the framework of an end of support rotor rotationally.

4. method of making permanent-magnet type synchronization motor, described method are included in it and are provided with and insert in ring-shaped core coil, that be made into stator core annular and that have the individual groove of z (z is a natural number) and assembling has the step of rotor of the permanent magnet of the individual utmost point of 2 * p (p is a natural number); The step of rotary rotor under a kind of state does not make electric current flow through coil under described state, so that measure the inserted tooth torque of each angle; Be used for determining the step of those pressurized on the neighboring of stator core positions according to the measurement of inserted tooth torque; And the step of N position that pressure-producing part is assembled to the outside of stator core, the neighboring of described pressure-producing part pressurization stator core, N is by N=p, N=± 2 * p-z * i1 (i1 is at least 0 integer), or N=z * i1 ± 2 * p calculate worthwhile in any one on the occasion of.

Images