CN101454633A - Improved ceramic ballistic panel construction - Google Patents
Improved ceramic ballistic panel construction Download PDFInfo
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- CN101454633A CN101454633A CNA2007800190451A CN200780019045A CN101454633A CN 101454633 A CN101454633 A CN 101454633A CN A2007800190451 A CNA2007800190451 A CN A2007800190451A CN 200780019045 A CN200780019045 A CN 200780019045A CN 101454633 A CN101454633 A CN 101454633A
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- ceramic layer
- mask surface
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- fibrage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0428—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics
- F41H5/0435—Ceramic layers in combination with additional layers made of fibres, fabrics or plastics the additional layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
A ballistic resistant panel which is formed from a plurality of relatively thin ceramic layers and at least one fibrous backing layer of high tenacity fibers. The two relatively thin ceramic layers are adjacent each other, but may be separated by an additional fibrous backing layer of high tenacity fibers. The ceramic faced panel provides a desired protection level against ballistic projectiles. Different threat levels can be protected against by choosing the number of ceramic layers to be used in the panel. The relatively thin ceramic layers are simpler to manufacture than thick ceramic panels of the same overall thickness as the combined thickness of the multiple ceramic faced layers. The panels of this invention having a multiple number of ceramic layers provides substantially the same or better ballistic resistance than does a monolithic panel of substantially the same thickness and composition. Protection against various threat levels can be provided by using a desired number of performs of the relatively thin ceramic layer and the fibrous backing. This permits greater manufacturing flexibility and can reduce the inventory of panel constructions that need to be stored in order to provide protection against different threat levels.
Description
Background of invention
Invention field
The present invention relates to comprise the ballistic armor of ceramic wafer.
Description of Related Art
Having proposed various ballistic armors constructs and is used in the different application.These comprise land vehicle with armoring, airframe is armoring, fixed object etc.In a kind of known ballistic armor structure that is used in for example land vehicle and aircraft, ceramic wafer is adhered on the high-tenacity fiber layer.The design ceramic wafer in structure towards outer as the primary layer that the trajectory projectile is protected at first is provided.These structures are called as ceramic thick china.These plates can effectively absorb and disperse the kinetic energy from projectile and projectile fragment usually.
Attention designs the plate of these types at concrete threat level.When threat level increases, need to increase the thickness of ceramic wafer.But, being difficult to make thick relatively bulletproof ceramic plate, it has increased the cost and the complexity of manufacturing process.
In addition, use the threat level of ceramic wafer opposing may and not know when mounted.In order to satisfy the specific threat grade, the manufacturer of ballistic armor plate or setter must keep having the stock of the various ceramic wafers of different-thickness, threaten thereby specific ceramic wafer can be used for installing the particular type of opposing prediction.
Need provide a kind of can satisfy necessary trajectory requirement but can satisfy the improved ceramic veneer armour of above-mentioned needs.
Summary of the invention
According to the present invention, a kind of armour is provided, this plate comprises:
The first relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface;
Comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and have first fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the first fibrolaminar outer mask surface is against the interior mask surface of ceramic layer; With
The second relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the outer mask surface of second ceramic layer is against the first fibrolaminar interior mask surface.
Preferred plate has to compare with the bullet-proof of comparable ceramic wafer structure and equates substantially or higher bullet-proof, comparable ceramic wafer structure only has the single ceramic layer that fiberfill layer is made backing, and this plate has and first ceramic layer, first fibrage, second ceramic layer and the essentially identical gross thickness of the second fibrolaminar aggregate thickness.
Second fibrage that comprises the high-tenacity fiber network and have outer mask surface and interior mask surface also can be provided, the second fibrolaminar outer mask surface is against the interior mask surface of second ceramic layer, and the second fibrolaminar interior mask surface is against the outer mask surface of first ceramic layer.
Still according to the present invention, provide a kind of armour, this plate comprises:
The first relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface;
Comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and have first fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the first fibrolaminar outer mask surface is against the interior mask surface of ceramic layer;
The second relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the outer mask surface of second ceramic layer is against the first fibrolaminar interior mask surface; With
Comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and have second fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, second fibrage is inserted between first ceramic layer and second ceramic layer, and the second fibrolaminar outer mask surface is against the interior mask surface of second ceramic layer.
According to the present invention, provide a kind of ceramic veneer armour that is designed to resist certain trajectory projectile threat level again, improvement comprises by comprising that following structure forms plate:
The first relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface;
Comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and have first fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the first fibrolaminar outer mask surface is against the interior mask surface of ceramic layer; With
Have the second relative thin ceramic layer on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the interior mask surface of second ceramic layer is against the outer mask surface of first ceramic layer.
The invention provides and a kind ofly have a plurality of ceramic layers and at least one (and preferred two) fiber lining so that the armour of the ceramic thick china with required degree of protection is provided.For example, need higher degree of protection to resist armor-piercing head rather than rifle bullet usually.By forming plate as the relative thin ceramic layer of backing, utilize the ceramic material number of plies of in plate, selecting to use to resist different threat levels by a plurality of fibrous backing of preferably using separately.The thick ceramic board manufacturing that the ceramic layer of relative thin is more identical with the aggregate thickness of a plurality of ceramic overlay coatings than gross thickness is simpler.Be that the plate of the present invention with a plurality of ceramic layers provides and the basic identical or better bullet-proof of the integral slab with basic identical thickness and composition astoundingly.
In addition, by the relative thin ceramic wafer that manufacturing has fibrous backing, the manufacturer of ballistic protective product or setter only need have a kind of ceramic wafer or a kind of ceramic thick china.Relative thin ceramic wafer by using requirement or ceramic thick china can provide the protection to various ballistic threats.If desired, make and assemble this many plates in the relative simple process that can be used in the art.This allows bigger manufacturing elasticity and reduces total infrastructure cost.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
As mentioned above, ballistic panels of the present invention is formed with at least one and preferred a plurality of high tenacity fibers layers by the ceramic layer of a plurality of relative thin.Ceramic material can be overall structure form, or is the form of the less Ceramic Tiles of independence that connects together with suitable method (for example adhering on the supporting layer or on the fibrage).This class ceramic layer that is used in the trajectory application is well known in the art.
Be used in typical ceramic material in the plate of the present invention and comprise metal and non-metal nitride, boride, carbide, oxide etc. and their mixture.Concrete material comprises carborundum, silica, silicon nitride, boron carbide, boron nitride, titanium diboride, aluminium oxide, magnesia etc. and their mixture.Preferred ceramic material comprises aluminium oxide, carborundum, boron carbide and their mixture.
Ceramic layer relative thin of the present invention.Term used herein " relative thin " refer to ceramic layer have usually be no more than about 0.6 inch (15.2mm), more preferably no more than about 0.5 inch (12.7mm) be most preferably not exceeding the thickness of about 0.4 inch (10.2mm).The thickness of ceramic layer can be for example about 0.05 to about 0.6 inch (1.3-15.2mm), more preferably from about 0.1 arrives about 0.5 inch (2.5-12.5mm) and most preferably from about 0.1 arrives about 0.4 inch (2.5-10.2mm).
Ceramic layer can not be enhanced, or strengthens with for example fibrous material, and can obtain from a large amount of sources.For example, ceramic layer can be glued to above glass fibre, the graphite fibre etc. or with them and wrap up.
Ceramic layer can have arbitrary face density, 0.5 arrives about 15psf (2.44-73.24ksm) according to appointment, more preferably from about 1 to about 10psf (4.88-48.83ksm) and most preferably from about 2 arrives about 5psf (9.77-24.41ksm).For example, thickness is that the aluminium oxide ceramics layer of about 0.110 inch (2.8mm) generally can have the surface density of about 2.30psf (11.23ksm).
Various layer of the present invention has rectangle or square configuration usually, but can use other shape, as flex layers.Ceramic layer has outer surface and inner surface.
The invention provides the first relative thin ceramic layer.First ceramic layer uses first fibrage that preferably is adhered on it as backing.Comprise at least one other relative thin ceramic layer in the ceramic wafer structure.The second relative thin ceramic layer is outside armour layer (any additional ceramic layer all like this).The second relative thin ceramic layer and any follow-up ceramic layer preferably have and the first ceramic layer identical construction.Second ceramic layer can be against also preferably being adhered on the outer mask surface of first ceramic layer.In one embodiment, second ceramic layer directly is adhered on first ceramic layer.In another kind of preferred embodiment, second ceramic layer also uses preferred identical with fibrage in first fibrage fibrage (second fibrage) as backing.But perhaps the fiber in second fibrage can be different with those fibers in first fibrage.When using second fibrage, be inserted between the first and second relative thin ceramic layers, the second fibrolaminar outer mask surface is against the interior mask surface of second ceramic layer, and the second fibrolaminar interior mask surface is against the outer mask surface of first ceramic layer.Preferably, the layer of all in the plate all is adhered to together.
If desired, can in plate of the present invention, use additional ceramic layer and/or additional fibre layers.These extra plays can against therefore second ceramic layer (and in structure, stretch out) or can against first fibrage (and therefore structure to the inside on extend).Preferably, these extra plays are relative thin ceramic layer and another fibrolaminar combination layer.For example, can use third phase to thin ceramic layer with outer surface and inner surface.The inner surface of the 3rd ceramic layer is preferably against also preferably being adhered on the outer surface of second ceramic layer.Also can use the 3rd fibrage, it has outer surface and inner surface equally.The outer surface of the 3rd ceramic layer is on the inner surface that also preferably is adhered to the 3rd ceramic layer and on the outer surface of second ceramic wafer.Additional ceramic layer (for example the 3rd layer, the 4th layer etc.) is preferably the type identical with first and second ceramic layers (but if desired, they can be different).Additional fibre layers (for example the 3rd fibrage, the 4th fibrage etc.) preferably identical (but if desired, they can be different) with first and second fibrages.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, first ceramic layer and first fibrage are prefabricated into single unit.Equally, second ceramic layer and second fibrage preferably are prefabricated into single unit.This also preferred development to any the 3rd or the 4th or more multi-layered pottery and fibrous backing.Preferably preformed layer is adhered on another by suitable adhesive means.In another kind of preferred embodiment, each layer all is layer separately, is merged into final structure then.
Any one of ceramic layer all can be overall structure form or a plurality of less brick form that is separated by seam.If two ceramic layers are by forming than calculon, then in preferred embodiments, they are made the seam skew of brick in the seam of brick in the layer and the second layer by vertical stacking in structure.The result is that the seam of a layer is covered by the ceramic layer solid section of another layer.Perhaps, a ceramic layer can be overall structure form, and another ceramic layer is a plurality of less brick forms, or two ceramic layers all are overall structure form.If there is more ceramic layer, then can arrange them by any required structure.
According to the present invention, first and second fibrolaminar each all comprise high-tenacity fiber.Term used herein " high-tenacity fiber " refers to that toughness is equal to or greater than the fiber of about 7g/d.Preferably, these fibers have at least about the initial tensile modulus of 150g/d and the energy to failure of measuring by ASTM D2256 at least about 8J/g.The elastic modelling quantity that term used herein " initial tensile modulus ", " stretch modulus " and " modulus " refer to the elastic modelling quantity measured by ASTM 2256 for yarn and refer to for elastomer or host material to measure by ASTM D638.
If preferably use the 3rd fibrage or additional fibre layers, then they comprise high-tenacity fiber equally.
Preferably, high-tenacity fiber has the toughness that is equal to or greater than about 10g/d, more preferably is equal to or greater than about 16g/d, even more preferably is equal to or greater than about 22g/d and most preferably is equal to or greater than about 28g/d.
For the present invention, fiber is far longer than the prolate body of width and thickness lateral dimension for its length dimension.Therefore, the term fiber comprises monofilament, multifilament, silk ribbon, band, short fiber and has other forms such as chopping, cut-out or discontinuous fibre of rule or irregular cross section.Term " fiber " comprises a large amount of above-mentioned any one or its combinations.Yarn is the continuous tow of being made up of many fibers or fibril.
The cross section of useful herein fiber can extensively change.They can be circle, flat or oval cross section.They also can be has from the outstanding one or more rules of the straight line of fiber or longitudinal axis or irregular or regular many convex cross section of irregular projection.Optimum fiber should have circular, flat or oval cross section, most preferably circular.
Each of first and second fibrages (with preferably also having any additional fibre layers) all comprises network of fibers.Fiber can be and weaves, braiding or supatex fabric form.Preferably, in the fabric at least the fiber of 50wt% be high-tenacity fiber, more preferably in the fabric at least about the fiber of 75wt% be high-tenacity fiber and most preferably in the fabric basic all fibers be high-tenacity fiber.
Yarn used herein can be made up of one or more different high strength fibres with fabric.But the yarn parallel array, or yarn can be by twisted, outer wrap or winding.Fabric used herein can be and is used on warp-wise and the broadwise or has the yarn weaving of different fibers on other direction.
The high-tenacity fiber that uses in yarn of the present invention and the fabric comprises height-oriented high molecular polyolefine fiber, especially high-modulus polyethylene fibres, aramid fibre, polybenzazole fiber such as polybenzoxazole (PBO) and polybenzothiozole (PBT), vinal, polyacrylonitrile fibre, liquid crystal copolyester fiber, glass fibre, carbon fiber or basalt or other mineral fibres, and rigid rod polymer fiber and their mixture and admixture.The preferred high strength fiber that uses among the present invention comprises polyolefine fiber, aramid fibre, polybenzoxazole fibers and their admixture.Most preferred is high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, aramid fibre, polybenzoxazole fibers and wherein two kinds or multiple admixture.
United States Patent (USP) 4457985 has been discussed this family macromolecule weight northylen and polypropylene fibre generally, and this paper introduces the disclosure of this patent as a reference to the degree consistent with this paper.Under poly situation, suitable fiber be weight average molecular weight be at least about 150000, preferably at least about 100 ten thousand and more preferably those between about 200 ten thousand and about 500 ten thousand.This family macromolecule weight polyethylene fiber can be spun into (referring to United States Patent (USP) 4137394 and United States Patent (USP) 4356138) in solution, or be to be spun into the fibril of formation gel structure (referring to United States Patent (USP) 4413110 from solution, Germany Off.No.3004699 and GB2051667), or polyethylene fibre can produce (referring to United States Patent (USP) 5702657) by roll-in and drawing process.Term polyethylene used herein refers to comprise the main straight linear polyethylene material of a small amount of chain component or the comonomer that per 100 backbone c atoms are no more than 5 modification unit, and they also can comprise and are mixed with one or more polymeric additives that are no more than about 50wt%, as alkene-polymer, especially low density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene or polybutene, comprise the copolymer of monoolefine as principal monomer, graft polyolefin copolymer and first polyacetals, or the low molecular weight additives that often mixes, as antioxidant, lubricant, ultraviolet screener, colouring agent etc.
High tenacity polyethylene fibers (being also referred to as HMW or extended chain fiber) is preferably as one of fiber that uses in the fibrage of the present invention.This fibrid by the Honeywell International Inc. in New Jersey Morrison city with trade mark
Sell.
Depend on formation technology, draw ratio and temperature and other condition, can be these fibers and give various character.The toughness of fiber is at least about 7g/d, preferably at least about 15g/d, more preferably at least about 20g/d, also more preferably at least about 25g/d with most preferably at least about 30g/d.Similarly, the fiber initial tensile modulus of measuring by the Instron stretching testing machine is preferably at least about 300g/d, more preferably at least about 500g/d, also more preferably at least about 1000g/d with most preferably at least about 1200g/d.These peaks of initial tensile modulus and toughness have only usually by using solution growth or gel spinning process to obtain.Many fibrils have the high fusing point of fusing point than the polymer that forms them.Therefore, for example, about 150000, about 100 ten thousand and the High molecular weight polyethylene of about 200 ten thousand molecular weight to have size usually be 138 ℃ fusing point.By the height-oriented polyethylene fibril of these material manufacturings have high about 7 ℃ to about 13 ℃ fusing point.Therefore, the slight increase of fusing point has reflected and has compared the crystalline perfection of fibril and the crystalline orientation of Geng Gao with bulk polymer.
Similarly, can use weight average molecular weight at least about 200000, preferably at least about 100 ten thousand with more preferably at least about 200 ten thousand height-oriented high molecular weight polypropylene fiber.Can especially this class be extended the polypropylene molded fibril for reasonable good orientation of chain by the technology of describing in the various documents of above mentioning by the technology of United States Patent (USP) 4413110.Because polypropylene is the material than polyethylene crystallization much less, and comprises pending methyl group, therefore utilize the obtainable toughness value of polypropylene to be significantly less than poly analog value usually.Therefore, suitable toughness is preferably at least about 8g/d, more preferably at least about 11g/d.Polyacrylic initial tensile modulus is preferably at least about 160g/d, more preferably at least about 200g/d.The process that polyacrylic fusing point is oriented usually improves the several years, thereby polypropylene filaments preferably has at least about 168 ℃, more preferably at least 170 ℃ main fusing point.The especially preferred scope of above-mentioned parameter can advantageously provide improved performance in end article.The weight average molecular weight that use is combined with above-mentioned parameter (modulus and toughness) preferable range can advantageously provide improved performance at least about 200000 fiber in end article.
Under the aramid fibre situation, the suitable fibers that is formed by aromatic polyamides is described in the United States Patent (USP) 3671542, and this paper introduces it and reaches the degree consistent with this paper as a reference.Preferred aramid fibre has the toughness at least about 20g/d, and at least about the initial tensile modulus of 400g/d with at least about the energy to failure of 8J/g, especially preferred aramid fibre has at least about the toughness of 20g/d with at least about the energy to failure of 20J/g.Most preferred aramid fibre has the toughness at least about 23g/d, at least about the modulus of 500g/d with at least about the energy to failure of 30J/g.For example, poly-(right-phenylene terephthalate amine) fibril with medium high-modulus and toughness value is particularly useful for forming ballistic composite.Example is Teijin's
T2000, it has 1000 Denier.Other example has
29, it has the value that initial tensile modulus and toughness are respectively 500g/d and 22g/d, and
129 and KM2, they can obtain with 400,640 and 840 Denier from du Pont.Also can use the aramid fibre of other manufacturer among the present invention.Also can use the copolymer of poly-(right-phenylene terephthalate amine), as copolymerization (right-phenylene terephthalate amine 3,4 '-oxygen diphenylene terephthalate amine).In the invention process also usefully du Pont with trade mark
Poly-(-phenylene isophthaloyl amine) who sells.
High molecular weight polyvinyl alcohol (PV-OH) fiber with high stretch modulus is described in the United States Patent (USP) 4440711 of Kwon etc., and this paper introduces it and reaches the degree consistent with this paper as a reference.HMW PV-OH fiber should have the weight average molecular weight at least about 200000.The PV-OH fiber that is particularly useful should have the modulus at least about 300g/d, preferably at least about 10g/d, more preferably at least about 14g/d with most preferably at least about the toughness of 17g/d with at least about the energy to failure of 8J/g.PV-OH fiber with this class character can be by disclosed method production in the United States Patent (USP) 4599267 for example.
Under polyacrylonitrile (PAN) situation, the PAN fiber should have the weight average molecular weight at least about 400000.The PAN fiber that is particularly useful should have preferably at least about the toughness of 10g/d with at least about the energy to failure of 8J/g.Have molecular weight, be the most useful at least about the toughness of 15-20g/d with at least about the PAN fiber of the energy to failure of 8J/g at least about 400000; This fibrid for example is disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) 4535027.
Be used for suitable liquid crystal copolyester fiber of the invention process and be disclosed in for example United States Patent (USP) 3975487,4118372 and 4161470.
Be used for suitable polybenzazole fiber of the invention process and be disclosed in for example United States Patent (USP) 5286833,5296185,5356584,5534205 and 6040050.Preferably, polybenzazole fiber is Toyobo Co.'s
The board polybenzoxazole fibers.
Rigid rod fibers for example is disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) 5674969,5939553,5945537 and 6040478.This fibrid can the trade mark
Fiber obtains from Magellan SystemsInternational.
Fibrage can be in different layers and weaves, the form of braiding or supatex fabric, or their various combinations.If fabric is a Woven fabric, it can have any required weavy grain, as thin weave pattern.
In a kind of preferred embodiment, fibrage is the form of nonwoven, and as the lamination of one-way orientation fiber, or with the fiber of random orientation bonding, it is embedded in the appropriate resin matrix, and this is well known in the art.Generally has one deck fiber that is arranged in parallel with each other along public machine direction by the fibroplastic fabric of one-way orientation, with the second layer one-way orientation fiber that is arranged in parallel with each other along the public machine direction that becomes 90 degree with first machine direction.When independent lamination was the one-way orientation fiber, continuously lamination is preferred for example was rotated with the angle of 0 °/90 °, 0 °/90 °/0 °/90 ° or 0 °/45 °/90 °/45 °/0 ° or with other angle toward each other.The unidirectional array of this class rotation for example is described in the United States Patent (USP) 4623574,4737402,4748064 and 4916000.
Fibrage is preferably in resinous substrates.The resinous substrates that is used for superimposed fiber can be formed by various elastomeric materials with desirable characteristics.In one embodiment, the elastomeric material that uses in this class matrix has the initial tensile modulus (elastic modelling quantity) that is equal to or less than about 6000psi (41.4MPa) by ASTM D638 measurement.More preferably, elastomer has the initial tensile modulus that is equal to or less than about 2400psi (16.5MPa).Most preferably, elastomeric material has the initial tensile modulus that is equal to or less than about 1200psi (8.23MPa).These resin materials are generally thermoplastic in nature, but thermosets also is useful.
Perhaps, can select resinous substrates when being cured, to have at least about 1 x 10
6The high stretch modulus of psi (6895MPa).This class examples of material for example is disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) 6642159, and this paper specially introduces its disclosure as a reference to the degree consistent with this paper.
Resin matrix material can extensively change according to final use the ratio of fiber in the composite bed.Resin matrix material preferably account for fiber and resinous substrates gross weight about 1 to about 98wt%, more preferably account for about 5 to about 95wt% and most preferably account for about 5 to about 40wt%.
Multiple material can be used as resinous substrates, comprises thermoplasticity and thermosetting resin.For example, can use any in the material beneath: polybutadiene, polyisoprene, natural rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-propylene-diene trimer, polysulfide polymer, thermoplastic polyurethane, polyurethane elastomer, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, polychlorobutadiene, use the polyvinyl chloride of dioctyl phthalate or other plasticizer plasticizing well known in the art, the butadiene acrylonitrile elastomer, poly-(isobutene-altogether-isoprene), polyacrylate, polyester, polyethers, fluoroelastomer, silicone elastomer, the copolymer of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) and ethene.The example of thermosetting resin comprises and dissolves in the carbon-to-carbon saturated solvent those, solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, ethanol, methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, cyclohexane, ethyl acetone and their combination.Especially disclosed thermosetting resin in the above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) 6642159 is vinylite, styrene-butadiene block copolymer, diallyl phthalate, phenol formaldehyde (PF), polyvinylbutyral and their mixture.The preferred thermosetting resin that is used for polyethylene fiber fabrics comprises at least a vinyl esters, diallyl phthalate and randomly comprises the catalyst that is used to solidify vinyl ester resin.
Preferred one group of block copolymer that material is conjugated diene and vinyl aromatic copolymers.Butadiene and isoprene are preferred conjugated diene elastomers.Styrene, vinyltoluene and t-butyl styrene are preferred conjugated aromatic monomers.The block copolymer of introducing polyisoprene can be hydrogenated and produce the thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with saturated hydrocarbons elastomeric segments.Polymer can be simple R-(BA) x (x=3-150) type triblock copolymer, and wherein A is the block from the polyethylene aromatic monomer, and B is the block from conjugated diene elastomers.Preferred resinous substrates is isoprene-styrene-isoprene block copolymer, as obtaining from Kraton Polymer LLC
D1107 isoprene-styrene-isoprene block copolymer.Another kind of preferred resinous substrates is a thermoplastic polyurethane, as the copolymer mixture of polyurethane resin in water.
Resin material can be mixed with filler such as carbon black, silica etc., and usable oils increase-volume and the method for using the rubber technology personnel to know are vulcanized with sulphur, peroxide, metal oxide or radiation curing system.Also can use the blend of different resins.
Usually, fibrage of the present invention is preferably by beginning to construct network of fibers and forming with base composition coating network then.Term used herein " coating " is used to describe network of fibers with wide in range implication, and wherein individual fibers has the continuous base composition layer of encirclement fiber or the discontinuous base composition layer on fiber surface.Under former instance, can think that fiber is embedded in the base composition fully.Term applies and is immersed in herein and is used interchangeably.Can construct network of fibers by the whole bag of tricks.Under the preferable case of unidirectional array network of fibers, before with the host material coating, provide the yarn beam of high tenacity fibril and guiding to enter into the calibration comb by guide rail and one or more spreader bar from creel.The calibration comb is arranged the fibril coplane with basic one way system.
Can apply the matrix resin composition to the preferred unidirectional fibre network of fibrage as solution, dispersion or emulsion in any suitable manner.The network of fibers of dry matrices coating then.Solution, dispersion or the emulsion of matrix resin can be sprayed onto on the fibril.Perhaps, can be by dip-coating or by the usefulness aqueous solution such as roll coater, dispersion or emulsion coating filament structure.After the coating, can make the fibrage that applied carry out drying by baking oven then, wherein Tu Fu fiber network layer (raw material band) stands to be enough to evaporate the heat of water in the base composition or other liquid.The network of fibers of coating can be placed on the bearer network then, bearer network can be paper or film substrate, or at first fiber is placed on the bearer network before with the matrix resin coating.Can in known manner substrate be had mercy on into continuous volume with the raw material roll coil of strip then.
The yarn that is used in the fibrage can have any suitable Denier, and 50 Denier are to about 3000 Denier according to appointment.By considering required character and becoming original control to select.Thinner yarn manufacturing and braiding are more expensive, but can produce more performance (rendeing a service as bigger per unit weight trajectory).Yarn is preferably about 200 Denier to about 3000 Denier.More preferably, yarn is that about 650 Denier are to about 1500 Denier.Most preferably, yarn is that about 800 Denier are to about 1300 Denier.
In first, second and any additional fibre layers each all can be formed by the fiber with same composition, or they can be the form of the mixed layer of the fibers with two kinds or multiple different compositions.That is to say that one or more fibrages can be formed by two different fibrous material layers that are adhered to together at least, or in one deck, form by the mixture of different fibrous materials.
Each fibrolaminar thickness is preferably identical, but can be different, and can be according to concrete application and weight and cost restriction variation.The typical thickness of this fibrid layer can be about 0.1 to about 0.8 inch (2.54-20.32mm), more preferably from about 0.2 arrives about 0.6 inch (5.08-15.24mm) and most preferably from about 0.3 arrives about 0.5 inch (7.62-12.70mm).
In a kind of preferred embodiment, first fibrage is formed by polyethylene fibre, aramid fibre and/or the polybenzoxazole fibers of unidirectional nonwoven of HMW or woven cloths form, and second fibrage is formed by the fiber identical with first fibrage of woven cloths or unidirectional nonwoven form.In another kind of preferred embodiment, first fibrage is formed by the high molecular weight polyethylene fiber or the aramid fibre of woven cloths form or unidirectional nonwoven form, and second fibrage is formed by the fiber identical with first fibrage of unidirectional nonwoven or woven cloths form.
In addition, preferred first and second fibrages (and any additional fibre layers) are formed by a plurality of laminations that are in turn laminated to together.The number of lamination depends on required surface density, thickness, protection class etc. in each layer.For example, when forming fibrage by high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, aramid fibre or polybenzoxazole fibers, the number of independent lamination can be about 2 to about 200, and more preferably from about 10 to about 150, and most preferably from about 50 to about 100.It should be understood that independent lamination can be prefabricated into a plurality of prepreg.For example, if prepreg is formed by 4 laminations, then the number of above-mentioned lamination will be reduced to 1/4th of specified quantity.
Independent lamination also is preferably the form of the sub-portfolio of 2 or 4 unit, and it comprises preferably being intersected with 0 °/90 ° for 2 lamination unit and piles up and pile up with 0 °/90 °/0 °/90 ° intersections for 4 lamination unit.Fibrage can be formed by the unit that a plurality of these classes intersections are piled up.
The laminate that forms fibrolaminar two or more laminations of the present invention preferably uses continuous crossing stack operation to be produced by the continuous volume of unidirectional pre-immersion material base.A kind of these class methods are described in United States Patent (USP) 5173138 and 5766725, and this paper is incorporated herein by reference to the degree consistent with this paper.Perhaps, available hand or arrange lamination by any other appropriate means.By in the crossing stack process, applying heat and pressure lamination (for example two laminations) is merged.Temperature can be about 90 ℃ to about 160 ℃, and pressure can be about 100 to about 2500psi (69-170000kPa), depends on the fiber type and the substrate tablet of use.Term " merging " refers to that host material and superimposed fiber are combined into single integral layer.Can merge by drying, cooling, heating, pressure or their combination.
The combination that constitutes fibrolaminar various laminations of the present invention can comprise stiff assembly or flexible combination.Stiff assembly is usually by in forcing press as form by piling up and merging lamination under these conditions; Flexible combination can form by the loose lamination that piles up, and wherein lamination does not link to each other or only connects by for example sewing up in one or more edges.
One or more plastic sheetings can be included in the fibrage, for example to allow different layers to slide on each other and to be easy to be configured as required form.These plastic sheetings can generally be adhered to each fibrage form the prepreg two of fibrolaminar each merging or one of four laminations or two surfaces on.Can use any suitable plastic film, as the film of making by polyolefin, for example LLDPE (LLDPE) film and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) film, and polyester film, nylon film, polycarbonate film etc.These films can have any required thickness.Typical thickness is about 0.1 to about 1.2 mils (2.5-30 μ m), and more preferably from about 0.2 to about 1 mil (5-25 μ m), and most preferably from about 0.3 to about 0.5 mil (7.5-12.5 μ m).Most preferred is the LLDPE film.
The high tenacity fibers layer that in composite of the present invention, exists, also can use other layer.For example, can between two ceramic layers, insert fibrous glass composite and/or graphite composite material.Available required resin such as these composites of thermosetting epoxy resin moulding.Perhaps, this class composite can be present in other position in the goods of the present invention.
In a kind of especially preferred embodiment of the present invention, ceramic layer is formed by aluminium oxide, and fibrage is formed by aramid fibre or high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
In one embodiment, first ceramic layer and first fibrage are adhered to and form prefabricated unit together.Can use any suitable means that layer is connected together, as solid adhesion agent film, liquid adhesive etc.Adhesive films is preferred, as polyurethane binder, epoxy adhesive, polyethylene adhesive etc.Can be as mating in molding pressure machine or the autoclave that these layers are bonded to one another at suitable forcing press.Amalgamation layer under suitable temperature and pressure.For example, if use liquid adhesive, then can at ambient temperature layer be bonded to together.Perhaps, can under suitable pressure and temperature, use adhesive films or liquid that layer is bonded to together.If the heat of use and pressure bonding layer arrive together, the temperature of use was hanged down about 30 ℉ of about 20-(11.1-16.7 ℃) during then the temperature of preferably using preferably merged than above-mentioned fibrage, or hanged down about 30 ℉ of about 20-(11.1-16.7 ℃) than the fusing point of the fiber that uses in the fibrous backing layer.Pressure can be lower than those that use in the fibrage merging, the about 500psi of 20-(0.14-3.4MPa) according to appointment.If the use autoclave, then pressure can be for example about 50 to about 250psi (0.34-1.7MPa).
Equally, available similar adhesive is adhered to second ceramic layer and second fibrage (if present) together in a similar manner.If use additional pottery and fibrage, then also preferably they be adhered to together by adhesive means.
First ceramic layer and first fibrage and second ceramic layer and second fibrage (with any additional pottery and/or fibrage) can be stacked in suitable forcing press, and intersection has the adhesive films layer.Forcing press can be autoclave or coupling mould high-pressure machine.Adhesive can be identical or different with the fibrolaminar adhesive of first ceramic layer to the first that is used to bond.The preformed layer that piles up is merged into the merging goods, preferably under heat and pressure.Can use the pressure and temperature identical to form whole plate of the present invention, maybe can use other pressure and temperature with the pressure and temperature that is used to form each preformed layer.
Perhaps, all layers be in one step by independent stratum form bonded to one another (ceramic layer, fibrage, ceramic layer, fibrage etc.), one step is as being stacked in forcing press and bonded under suitable heat and pressure.
Provide following non-limiting example so that more complete understanding of the present invention to be provided.Concrete technology, condition, material, ratio and the record data described for the explanation principle of the invention are exemplary, should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 (contrast)
Prepare ceramic thick china by Ceramic Tiles.Brick is for having the size of 4x4 inch (101.6 x 101.6mm) and the aluminium oxide ceramics (AD-90 of Coors Tek) of 0.4 inch (10.16mm) thickness.Ceramic layer has the surface density of 7.41psf (36.17ksm).With molded SPECTRA
PCR is as ceramic backing, SPECTRA
PCR is the two laminated nonwoven composites that formed by high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (from Honeywell International Inc.).This material is non-woven one-way orientation structure, have matrix resin (20wt%'s
D1107 isoprene-styrene-isoprene block copolymer can obtain from Kraton PolymerLLC).The 2-laminated construction comprises cross layered 0 °/90 ° independent lamination.
Polyethylene fibre has the toughness of 30g/d, the stretch modulus of 850g/d and the energy to failure of 45g/d.
Fibrage comprises 148 layers of SPECTRA
Product also has the surface density of 4psf (19.5ksm).By stack layer in 200 t hydraulic press and 240 ℉ (116 ℃) down preheating 10 minutes molded, then under the pressure of 1500psi (10.3MPa) 240 ℉ (116 ℃) lower mould 10 minutes, be cooled to 150 ℉ (66 ℃) at pressure then these layers formed independently amalgamation layer.Fibrage is the form of 12 inches of 12 x (30.5 x 30.5cm) sheet.
Use spraying binder (HI-9 of 3M company) ceramic layer to be adhered on the prefabricated high molecular weight polyethylene fiber layer at ambient temperature.Ceramic layer is placed on the fibrage center, between ceramic layer and fibrage, has adhesive films (having the area roughly the same) with ceramic layer.The plate that obtains has the total areal density of 11.41psf (55.7ksm).
Ballistic performance according to the armoring test board of 0101.04 grade of IV of National Institute of Justice (NIJ) standard.The projectile is armour-piercing 0.50 bore, 710 APM2 bullets, has box hat and steel core.The result shows in the following Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Repeat embodiment 1, except using compound ceramic-fiberboard of 2 embodiment 1.Each plate is all pressed embodiment 1 preparation.Then by the mode identical with embodiment 1 independently plate be adhered to together.
Plate has two ceramic layers and two high molecular weight polyethylene fiber SPECTRA
The PCR nonwoven layer.Press the ballistic performance of embodiment 1 test board.The result shows in the following Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Total areal density p/f 2(kg/m 2) | Impact velocity fps (mps) | Residual velocity fps (mps) | The result |
| 1* | 11.41(55.7) | 2933(894) | 2154(657) | Bullet sees through |
| 2 | 22.42 (109.4) | 2885(879) | 0(0) | Bullet stops |
* contrast
Comparing embodiment 1 and 2 can be found out, single layer the failure of an experiment of compound ceramic and merging non woven fibre, and bullet penetrates plate armour with the rate of departure of indication.On the contrary, when using two ceramic layers and two merging fibrous nonwoven layer, plate armour has been passed through experiment, and bullet is prevented from.Therefore, can defeat the threat speed of increase, not need to change whole pottery and add composite backing system and replace it with thicker pottery and composite backing system by increasing ceramic layer.
Embodiment 3
Prepare ceramic thick china.Ceramic layer is formed by the alumina plate (AD-96 of CoorsTek) of the size with 3.985 inches of 3.985 x (101.219 x101.219mm) and 0.110 inch (2.794mm) thickness.The surface density of each ceramic layer is 2.30psf (11.23ksm).
The fibrous backing material is SPECTRA
PCRw, it is the 4-laminated nonwoven composite that is formed by high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (from Honeywell International Inc.).This material is non-woven one-way orientation structure, have matrix resin (16wt%'s
D1107 isoprene-styrene-isoprene block copolymer can obtain from Kraton Polymer LLC).The 4-laminated construction comprises by cross layered 0 °/90 °/0 °/90 ° independent lamination.Fiber has the character identical with embodiment 1.The fibrous backing material is by 40 layers of SPECTRA
Product forms, and merges under heat identical with embodiment 1 condition and pressure.The fibrage that merges is the form of 12 inches of 12 x (30.5 x 30.5cm) sheet.The surface density of this layer is 2.00psf (9.76ksm).
Use adhesive films that ceramic layer is adhered on the fibrage.The polyethers aliphatic polyurethane of adhesive films for obtaining from Stevens Urethane, it has 120-140 ℃ melting range, the proportion that 450% elongation at break closes 1.07g/cc.Ceramic layer is placed in the middle of the fibrage.
Use second ceramic layer that identical adhesive films will be identical with the ground floor type to be adhered on the outer surface of ground floor.Three layers of combination are bonded to one another under the following conditions in autoclave: the vacuum of 14.7psf (71.7ksm), the pressure of 250psi (1.72MPa), the temperature of 240 ℉ (116 ℃), 2 hours process duration is cooled to 150 ℉ (66 ℃) then.
Ballistic performance according to the armoring test board of 0101.04 grade of IV of National Institute of Justice (NIJ) standard.The projectile is armour-piercing 0.30 bore, 162 M2AP bullets, has box hat and steel core.The result shows in the following Table 2.
Embodiment 4 (contrast)
Repeat embodiment 3, except not using second ceramic layer.The surface density of ceramic layer is 2.8psf (13.67ksm) separately, and the total areal density of structure is 4.8psf (23.43ksm).
Press the ballistic performance of embodiment 1 test board.The minimum speed bullet of being shot is 1580fps (482mps).The complete take-through plate of bullet.
Embodiment 5
The ceramic layer that use is glued to three embodiment 3 together repeats embodiment 3.The fibrous backing layer is formed by the 4-laminated material of 42 layers of embodiment 3.Fibrolaminar surface density is 2.15psf (10.49ksm).
Under the condition identical with embodiment 3 with construction bonds to together.
Press the ballistic performance of embodiment 3 test boards.The result shows in the following Table 2.
Embodiment 6
Use four ceramic layers of embodiment 3 to repeat embodiment 4.The fibrous backing layer is identical with embodiment 4.
Press the ballistic performance of embodiment 3 test boards.The result shows in the following Table 2.
Table 2
| Embodiment | Total areal density p/f 2(kg/m 2) | V50，fps(mps) | Distortion (mm) |
| 3 | 6.60(32.2) | 1761(537) | 30 |
| 4* | 4.8(23.42) | ## | -- |
| 5 | 8.90(43.4) | 2276(693) | 26 |
| 6 | 11.20(54.6) | 2777(846) | 27 |
* contrast
The ## bullet penetrates fully
When comparing embodiment 3 and 4, can find out that the use of additional relative thin ceramic layer provides the requirement of satisfying threat level, and single layer structure there is not stopping resistance to used bullet type.Also can be as seen from Table 2, the front that the ceramic layer of additional relative thin can be added to plate is to provide even higher degree of protection and do not need to replace plate with thicker pottery/fibrous backing plate of material.
Therefore, can find out and the invention provides (and preferred two) the fibrous backing layer that has a plurality of ceramic layers and at least one armour with ceramic thick china that required degree of protection is provided.Form plate by ceramic layer and at least one fibrous backing by a plurality of relative thin, can be by the different threat level of ceramic material number of plies opposing that will use in the option board.The thick ceramic board manufacturing that the ceramic layer of relative thin is more identical with the aggregate thickness of a plurality of ceramic overlay coatings than gross thickness is simpler.Astoundingly, the plate with a plurality of ceramic layers of the present invention provides with thickness and has formed the basic identical or better bullet-proof of essentially identical integral slab.
The relative thin ceramic layer by using requirement and the precast body of fibrous backing can provide the protection to the full spectrum of threats grade.This allows bigger manufacturing flexibility, and can reduce the need to be stored so that plate structure stock to the protection of different threat levels is provided.
Plate of the present invention is particularly useful for the ballistic protection of land vehicle and aircraft.They also can be used as the armoring insert as the vest and the helmet of health in the Secure Application in fixture and home.
So far quite describe the present invention in detail, it should be understood that this class details does not need to strictly observe, but those skilled in the art can advise more changes and improvements, they all drop in the scope of the present invention of accessory claim qualification.
Claims (34)
1. armour, described plate comprises:
The first relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface;
Comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and have first fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the described first fibrolaminar described outer mask surface is against the described interior mask surface of described ceramic layer; With
The second relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the described interior mask surface of described second ceramic layer is the mask surface outside described first ceramic layer described, and described second ceramic layer is outside described plate.
2. the plate of claim 1, also comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and had second fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, described second fibrage is inserted between described first ceramic layer and the described ceramic layer, the described second fibrolaminar described outer mask surface in described ceramic layer described the mask surface and described second fibrolaminar described in mask surface outside described first ceramic layer described, mask surface.
3. the plate of claim 1, wherein said plate has to compare with the bullet-proof of comparable ceramic wafer structure and equates substantially or higher bullet-proof, comparable ceramic wafer structure only has the single ceramic layer that fiberfill layer is made backing, and this single ceramic layer has the essentially identical gross thickness of aggregate thickness with described first ceramic layer and second ceramic layer.
4. the plate of claim 3, wherein said high-tenacity fiber is selected from High molecular weight polyethylene, high molecular weight polypropylene, aromatic polyamides, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, poly-indoles, polyester and rigid rod fibers, and the described second class high-tenacity fiber is selected from High molecular weight polyethylene, high molecular weight polypropylene, aromatic polyamides, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, poly-indoles, polyester and rigid rod fibers and two kinds or multiple mixture in them.
5. the plate of claim 4, wherein said high-tenacity fiber has the toughness at least about 22g/d.
6. the plate of claim 4, wherein said high-tenacity fiber has the toughness at least about 28g/d.
7. the plate of claim 4, wherein said first fibrage is the non-woven one-way orientation network of fibers form with resinous substrates.
8. the plate of claim 7, wherein said resin account for described first fibrolaminar about 5wt% to about 40wt%.
9. the plate of claim 7, wherein said first fibrage comprise a plurality of relative to each other independent laminations of orientation.
10. the plate of claim 9, wherein said lamination is with respect to the angular orientation of contiguous lamination with 90 °.
11. the plate of claim 10, wherein said first fibrage comprises a plurality of prepreg, and prepreg comprises a plurality of relative to each other superimposed fibers of orientation.
12. the plate of claim 4, wherein said first fibrage are the woven cloths form with resinous substrates.
13. the plate of claim 4, wherein said ground floor comprise a plurality of relative to each other independent laminations of orientation, and the number of lamination is about 2 to about 200.
14. the plate of claim 4, wherein said first fibrage comprises the fiber that is selected from high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, aramid fibre, polybenzoxazole fibers and its mixture.
15. the plate of claim 14, wherein said first fibrage comprises high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
16. the plate of claim 1, wherein said ceramic layer comprise the ceramic material that is selected from metal and non-metal nitride, boride, carbide and oxide and composition thereof.
17. the plate of claim 1, wherein said ceramic layer comprise the ceramic material that is selected from carborundum, silica, silicon nitride, boron carbide, boron nitride, titanium diboride, aluminium oxide and magnesia and their mixture.
18. the plate of claim 1, wherein said ceramic layer comprise the ceramic material that is selected from aluminium oxide, carborundum, boron carbide and their mixture.
19. the plate of claim 3, wherein said ceramic layer comprises aluminium oxide.
20. the plate of claim 1, wherein said first and described second ceramic layer thickness separately be about 0.05 to about 0.6 inch (1.3-15.2mm).
21. the plate of claim 1, wherein said first and described second ceramic layer thickness separately be about 0.1 to about 0.5 inch (2.5-12.5mm).
22. the plate of claim 2, wherein said first ceramic layer have and the identical composition of described second ceramic layer, the described fiber in described first fibrage is identical with fiber in described second fibrage.
23. the plate of claim 1, wherein said first ceramic layer and described second ceramic layer are glued to together.
24. the plate of claim 23, wherein said first ceramic layer and described first fibrage are glued to together.
25. the plate of claim 1, comprise that also the third phase with outer mask surface and interior mask surface is to thin ceramic layer, mask surface outside described second ceramic layer described, mask surface in described the 3rd ceramic layer described, described the 3rd ceramic layer is outside described plate.
26. an armour, described plate comprises:
The first relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface;
Comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and have first fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the described first fibrolaminar described outer mask surface is against the described interior mask surface of described ceramic layer;
The second relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the described interior mask surface of described second ceramic layer is the mask surface outside described first ceramic layer described, and described second ceramic layer is outside described plate; With
Comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and have second fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, described second fibrage is inserted between described first ceramic layer and described second ceramic layer, and the described second fibrolaminar described outer mask surface is against the described interior mask surface of described second ceramic layer.
27. the plate of claim 26, each of wherein said first ceramic layer and described second ceramic layer all comprises aluminium oxide.
28. the plate of claim 26, wherein said first and described second fibrolaminar each all comprise a plurality of prepreg, prepreg comprise a plurality of relative to each other the orientation superimposed fibers.
29. the plate of claim 28, wherein said first and second fibrolaminar each all comprise the fiber that is selected from high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, aramid fibre, polybenzoxazole fibers and its mixture.
30. the plate of claim 29, wherein said first and second fibrolaminar each all comprise high-tenacity fiber network and resinous substrates, described resinous substrates comprises SIS.
31. at a kind of ceramic veneer armour that is designed to resist certain trajectory projectile threat level, improvement comprises by comprising that following structure forms plate:
The first relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface;
Comprise the high-tenacity fiber network and have first fibrage on outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the described first fibrolaminar described outer mask surface is against the described interior mask surface of described first ceramic layer; With
The second relative thin ceramic layer with outer mask surface and interior mask surface, the described interior mask surface of described second ceramic layer is the mask surface outside described first ceramic layer described.
32. the plate of claim 31, wherein said plate has to compare with the bullet-proof of comparable ceramic wafer structure and equates substantially or higher bullet-proof, comparable ceramic wafer structure only has the single ceramic layer that fiberfill layer is made backing, and this single ceramic layer has the essentially identical gross thickness of aggregate thickness with described first ceramic layer and second ceramic layer.
33. the plate of claim 32, wherein said first fibrage comprises a plurality of prepreg, prepreg comprises a plurality of relative to each other superimposed fibers of orientation, each of described superimposed fiber all comprises the fiber that is selected from high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, aramid fibre, polybenzoxazole fibers and its mixture, and each of described ceramic layer all comprises the pottery that is selected from aluminium oxide, carborundum, boron carbide and their mixture.
34. the plate of claim 33, wherein said first fibrage comprises high-tenacity fiber network and resinous substrates, each of described ceramic layer all has about 0.1 thickness to about 0.5 inch (2.5-12.5mm), and each of wherein said layer all is glued on the described adjacent layer.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38842206A | 2006-03-24 | 2006-03-24 | |
| US11/388,422 | 2006-03-24 |
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|---|---|
| CN101454633A true CN101454633A (en) | 2009-06-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007800190451A Pending CN101454633A (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2007-03-22 | Improved ceramic ballistic panel construction |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1999428A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2009543010A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101454633A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2008012131A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008054843A2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102401612A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-04-04 | 刘书锋 | Superhard bulletproof guard board |
| CN103261832A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2013-08-21 | 波音公司 | Sandwiched fiber composites for ballistic applications |
| CN104132588A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-05 | 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 | Two-section combined bulletproof ceramic unit |
| CN104132589A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-05 | 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 | Passive bulletproof ceramic unit |
| CN112066805A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 北京理工大学 | Lightweight fiber/ceramic matrix composite bulletproof structure |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8887312B2 (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2014-11-18 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Helmets comprising ceramic for protection against high energy fragments and rifle bullets |
| US9696122B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2017-07-04 | Imi Systems Ltd. | Antiballistic article and method of producing same |
| IL213865A (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2017-02-28 | Bergman Ron | Antiballistic article and method of producing same |
| IL230775B (en) | 2014-02-02 | 2018-12-31 | Imi Systems Ltd | Pre-stressed curved ceramic plates/tiles and method of producing same |
| WO2020113328A1 (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2020-06-11 | Global Metallix Canada Inc. | A reinforced armor and a process for reinforcing an armor by composite layering |
| CN114993111B (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2023-10-31 | 武汉美琪林新材料有限公司 | Composite bulletproof ceramic and preparation process thereof |
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| NL7605370A (en) | 1976-05-20 | 1977-11-22 | Stamicarbon | PROCESS FOR THE CONTINUOUS MANUFACTURE OF FIBER POLYMER CRYSTALS. |
| NL177840C (en) | 1979-02-08 | 1989-10-16 | Stamicarbon | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A POLYTHENE THREAD |
| NL177759B (en) | 1979-06-27 | 1985-06-17 | Stamicarbon | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A POLYTHYTHREAD, AND POLYTHYTHREAD THEREFORE OBTAINED |
| US4356138A (en) | 1981-01-15 | 1982-10-26 | Allied Corporation | Production of high strength polyethylene filaments |
| US4413110A (en) | 1981-04-30 | 1983-11-01 | Allied Corporation | High tenacity, high modulus polyethylene and polypropylene fibers and intermediates therefore |
| US4457985A (en) | 1982-03-19 | 1984-07-03 | Allied Corporation | Ballistic-resistant article |
| US5702657A (en) | 1994-12-27 | 1997-12-30 | Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. | Method for the continuous production of a polyethylene material having high strength and high modulus of elasticity |
| US5970843A (en) * | 1997-05-12 | 1999-10-26 | Northtrop Grumman Corporation | Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite armor |
| GB2336807A (en) * | 1998-04-27 | 1999-11-03 | David Adie | Ceramic sandwich material for ballistic protection |
| GB2364956A (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-02-13 | David Adie | Ballistic protection shield |
| US20050188831A1 (en) * | 2003-07-11 | 2005-09-01 | Us Global Nanospace, Inc. | Ballistic resistant turret and method of making same |
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2007
- 2007-03-22 WO PCT/US2007/064586 patent/WO2008054843A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-03-22 MX MX2008012131A patent/MX2008012131A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-03-22 JP JP2009503157A patent/JP2009543010A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-03-22 EP EP07868189A patent/EP1999428A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-03-22 CN CNA2007800190451A patent/CN101454633A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102401612A (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-04-04 | 刘书锋 | Superhard bulletproof guard board |
| CN103261832A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2013-08-21 | 波音公司 | Sandwiched fiber composites for ballistic applications |
| CN103261832B (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2016-03-02 | 波音公司 | For the laminated fibrous composite of trajectory application |
| KR101934126B1 (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2018-12-31 | 더 보잉 컴파니 | Sandwiched fiber composites for ballistic applications |
| CN104132588A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-05 | 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 | Two-section combined bulletproof ceramic unit |
| CN104132589A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2014-11-05 | 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 | Passive bulletproof ceramic unit |
| CN112066805A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-11 | 北京理工大学 | Lightweight fiber/ceramic matrix composite bulletproof structure |
| CN112066805B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-11-09 | 北京理工大学 | Lightweight fiber/ceramic matrix composite bulletproof structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1999428A2 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
| MX2008012131A (en) | 2008-11-28 |
| WO2008054843A3 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
| WO2008054843A2 (en) | 2008-05-08 |
| JP2009543010A (en) | 2009-12-03 |
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Application publication date: 20090610 |