CN101449189B - Active optical fiber cable with electric connector - Google Patents

Abstract

An active optical fiber cable adopts one or more optical fibers to achieve communication by the majority of the length of the optical fibers, and at least one end of the active optical fiber cable is provided with an integrated electric connector. The active optical fiber cable can be an electric-optical cable, an electric-electric cable or a cable with one of a plurality of other structures.

Description

Active optical fiber cable with electric connector

Technical field

Substantially, embodiments of the invention relate to the connector cable that in optical system, uses.More particularly, at least some embodiment of the present invention relate to the cable that adopts one or more optical fiber to communicate through its most of length, and comprise integrated electric connector at its at least one end.

Background technology

The communication technology has changed our world.Because the quantity of information through network service increases, it is crucial all the more that transmission at a high speed also becomes.High-speed communication depends on the existence of the high-bandwidth capacity link between the network node usually.Solution and the optical solutions based on copper cable when setting up the high-bandwidth capacity link, used are arranged.Link can comprise usually through medium and transmitting to receiver or two-way transmitting to the transmitter of receiver along a direction between two network nodes.For each communication direction, optical link can comprise for example optical transmitter, fiber medium and optical receiver.In duplex mode, optical transceiver play a part through a fiber optics be emitted to another node, the optical transmitter through another optical fiber (usually in same Connectorized fiber optic cabling) receiving optical signals simultaneously.

At present, with very general more than the communication of per second 1 gigabit (also being commonly called 1G) link.Be used for also being established well with the standard of 1G communication.For example, Gigabit Ethernet has entered into force a period of time, and has stipulated the standard of using ethernet technology to communicate with the two-forty of 1G.Under 1G; For link (for example), often use optical link more greater than 100 meters than long span; Yet for connecing than short chain; Often use copper cable more, this is the promulgation owing to the 1000Base-T standard to a great extent, and this standard allows to carry out the communication until the 1G of 100m link through the 5th type of (" Cat-5 ") unshielded twisted pair network cable.

Recently, the high power capacity of per second 10 gigabits link (in industry, being commonly called " 10G ") is by standardization.Implement because the growth of bandwidth demand, possible solution are more difficult, particularly based on the solution of copper cable.A kind of 10G solution based on copper cable is called as 10GBASE-CX4 (referring to IEEE Std802.3ak-2004; " Amendment:Physical Layer and ManagementParameters for 10Gb/s Operation Type 10GBASE-CX4 " on March 1st, 2004); Although the use copper cable, this scheme has realized higher bandwidth.10GBASE-CX4 adopts cable, and the differential lines that this cable is included in 4 shieldings transmitting 1/4th bandwidth on each direction is right, and it is right to amount to 8 differential copper cash.This cable bulky (general diameter about 0.4 " or 10mm) and make expensive and termination (for example can adopt CAT-5) on the spot.In addition, should then be limited to the distance of about 15m based on the 10G solution of copper cash as not doing special effort.The 10G solution based on copper cash that substitutes is developed and standardization, but possibly need a large amount of power consumption equally.Main example is the 10base-T (referring to ieee standard draft 802.3an " Part 3:CarrierSense Multiple Access with CollisionDetection (CSMA/CD) Access Method andPhysical Layer Specifications Amendment:Physical Layer and ManagementParametersfor 10 Gb/s Operation, Type 10GBASE-T " 2006) that in IEEE, is developing.This standard is respectively applied for the distance up to 55m and 100m with CAT5e or CAT6A unshielded twisted pair cable.Yet, can expect that because very complicated signal Processing demand, this standard need have the very circuit of high power consumption, initially up to 8-15 watt (each port and therefore every link be its twice).The lower-wattage variable that on the CAT6A cable, can only obtain 30m also possibly surpass 4 watts of every ports.These high power levels have been represented the phenomenal growth of running cost, possibly the more important thing is, for the restriction of the port density that can provide on the plate in front.For example, the power consumption of 8-15W maybe restrictive ports density be 8 ports or less than the space of 1U Rack Unit representative, yet 1000Base-T and 1G optical interface for example the SFP transceiver can provide up to 48 ports in same space.Yet, because the cost of the optical cable solution of present 10G is still keeping interest to this copper cable solution.

The link of at this stage, setting up high bandwidth will be weighed employing usually based on the solution of copper cable and the pros and cons of optical cable solution.Depend on the result of this decision; If the solution based on copper cable is adopted in decision; Then system will be established the live end mouth, if perhaps the solution based on optical cable is used in decision, then system will be established optical port (retainer and to the connector of receiver more particularly usually; Standard mechanical form factor optics transceiver, for example SFP).

Summary of the invention

Although optional, embodiments of the invention relate to the cable that adopts one or more optical fiber to transmit through its most of length, and comprise integrated electric connector at its at least one end.This summary has been introduced the selection of some notions with the form of simplifying, and in detailed description, is further described after these notions.Should be generally if it were not for the key feature or the essential characteristic of the theme that will confirm to require to protect, neither be used to limit the scope of the theme that requires protection.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is used to explain more specifically embodiments of the invention.Be to be understood that these accompanying drawings have only described typical embodiment of the present invention, rather than be used to limit its scope that embodiment will be described and explain and through using accompanying drawing to detail, wherein through additional characteristic:

Fig. 1 representes full duplex electricity-cable;

Fig. 2 A representes full duplex electricity-cable line;

Fig. 2 B representes the link of three cables, and wherein each end in sequence has electricity-cable line, places full optical cable therebetween;

Fig. 2 C representes electricity-cable line, and wherein optical side is connected with the exterior light transceiver;

Fig. 3 A representes to be connected to two electricity-cables of cable plugs terminals adapter;

The more mechanical profile of cable plugs terminals adapter among Fig. 3 B presentation graphs 3A;

Fig. 4 representes to have two electricity-cables that are connected to the adaptive internal electric source connection of cable plugs terminals;

Fig. 5 A representes electricity-electric negative and positive cable;

Fig. 5 B representes to combine the three cables link of cable instance among several Fig. 5 A;

The structure of Fig. 6 A presentation graphs 3A is when resetting except being combined with;

The structure of Fig. 6 B presentation graphs 4 is when resetting except being combined with;

The structure of Fig. 7 A presentation graphs 7A is when resetting except being combined with;

The structure of Fig. 7 B presentation graphs 5B is when resetting except being combined with;

Fig. 8 A representes passive electrical-electrolytic copper cable, it comprise be configured to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 A in the identical electric connector of electric connector of electricity-electrooptics cable;

The xsect exemplary plot of copper cable among Fig. 8 B presentation graphs 8A;

Fig. 9 representes active electricity-electrolytic copper cable, it comprise be configured to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 A in the identical electric connector of electric connector of electricity-electrooptics cable;

Figure 10 representes to comprise the active electricity-electrolytic copper cable of power transmission line, and it comprises and is configured to connect the identical electric connector of device with the electricity of electricity-electrooptics cable;

Figure 11 representes active electricity-electrolytic copper cable, and it comprises the device of the emissive power that is used for signal carrying line; And comprise and be configured to connect the identical electric connector of device with the electricity of electricity-electrooptics cable;

Figure 12 A representes active copper cable transmitter integrated circuit;

Figure 12 B representes active copper cable receiver integrated circuit;

Figure 13 A representes three cables links, and it is included in the electricity-electrolytic copper cable of end and in the optical cable with electric connector of centre, wherein through special-purpose power transmission line, electric energy is supplied to the electric connector in the optical cable;

Figure 13 B representes three cables links, and it is included in the electricity-electrolytic copper cable of end and in the optical cable with electric connector of centre, wherein through the signal carrying line of copper cable, electric energy is supplied to the electric connector in the optical cable;

Figure 14 A representes that two strands connects electricity-electrooptics cable;

Figure 14 B representes that a two strands connects cable to two a singular link cable;

11 pins of Figure 15 A example singular link cable are arranged;

9 pins of Figure 15 B example singular link cable are arranged;

20 pins of Figure 15 C example singular link cable are arranged;

Figure 15 D example two strands connects 20 pins of cable and arranges;

Figure 15 E example two strands connects 22 pins of cable and arranges;

Figure 16 representes to comprise the inside sketch of an end of the singular link cable of electric connector;

Figure 17 A schematically shows the inside sketch that the two strands that comprises electric connector connects an end of cable;

Another skeleton view of the electric connector end of Figure 17 B presentation graphs 17A;

Another skeleton view again of the electric connector end of Figure 17 C presentation graphs 17A;

Figure 18 representes the skeleton view of the electric terminals of singular link cable in accordance with the principles of the present invention;

Figure 19 representes the electric conversion mapping member of SFP to active cable adapter;

Figure 20 A representes that SFP is to first view of active cable adapter according to an embodiment of the invention;

Another skeleton view of the adapter of Figure 20 B presentation graphs 20A;

Another skeleton view again of the adapter of Figure 20 C presentation graphs 20A;

Last skeleton view of the adapter of Figure 20 D presentation graphs 20A;

Figure 21 representes the electric conversion mapping member of XFP to active cable adapter;

Figure 22 A representes that XFP is to first view of active cable adapter according to an embodiment of the invention;

Another skeleton view of the adapter of Figure 22 B presentation graphs 22A;

Another skeleton view again of the adapter of Figure 22 C presentation graphs 22A;

Last skeleton view of the adapter of Figure 22 D presentation graphs 22A;

Figure 23 representes the electric conversion mapping member of X2 to active cable adapter;

Figure 24 A representes that X2 is to first view of active cable adapter according to an embodiment of the invention;

Another skeleton view of the adapter of Figure 24 B presentation graphs 24A;

The adapter of Figure 24 C presentation graphs 24A at another skeleton view; And

Last skeleton view of the adapter of Figure 24 D presentation graphs 24A.

Embodiment

Embodiments of the invention relate to the use of communication cable, and this communication cable is exposed at its at least one end because of adopting to be electrically connected when adopting optical fiber most of length communicates through it.Therefore, in design or select networking gear or during managing network node, communicate through network and just need not select solution or optical solutions based on copper cable.Substitute, support communication or optical communication based on copper cable thereby network node only need have the electric port of some types.Except that network application, such cable can support point-to-point high speed serialization to connect, for example, serial video data from the source to the transmission of display.Communication through optical fiber can be at a high speed and be applicable to 10G or higher application.Be described below, electric has fully still combined the cable design of Connectorized fiber optic cabling described herein can be comprised the part as total system with machinery and electric mode, in the range of application the most effectively solution to be provided the most widely.

Fig. 1 representes integrated cable 100, and it has electrical connection 111 and 121 at two ends.Each electrical connection is finalized and is configured to be connected to corresponding electric port at each network node.For example, electric connector 111 is constructed to be connected to electric port one 12 at a network node, and electric connector 121 is constructed to be connected to electric port one 22 at another network node.The viewpoint that connects from the outside, this cable is electric cable like integral body.

Yet,, in fact accomplish through optical fiber through the communication of part build-out at least through the cable 100 in the nearer controlling chart 1.Each end of cable 100 has optical device, and it supports the optical communication of duplex mode.Particularly, comprise at the optical device of cable 100 each end and being used for through optical fiber emission optical signal transmitting optical module (TOSA) with from the reception optical module (ROSA) of another optical fiber receiving optical signal.Also comprise and drive transmitting optics device and the integrated circuit that receives signal to be detected.These IC can be outside at TOSA or ROSA, or can be by directly integrated in design.Although cable 100 is represented as the duplex mode of supporting optical communication to appear at arbitrary direction, this cable can be carried out the communicating by letter in a direction that is made up of at one end independent transmitter and independent receiver at the other end equally.

More in detail referring to Fig. 1, cable 100 comprises two optical fiber 131 and 132 that is integrated in cable 100.When electric signal is applied to the suitable connection of electric connector 121 (for example, through electric port one 22), these electric signal are converted into corresponding light signal through laser driver and TOSA 123 (perhaps more specifically through the electrical to optical converter in the TOSA123).It should be noted that laser driver can be included in the TOSA.Optical signalling is sent out to ROSA114 through optical fiber 131.ROSA114 (electro-optic detector in the ROSA114 perhaps more specifically) will convert corresponding electric signal into from the light signal that optical fiber 131 receives.In general, optical converter will be made up of PIN detecting device and prime amplifier integrated circuit (IC), have the transimpedance amplifier Front-end Design usually.Limiting amplifier is equally can be with prime amplifier integrated or provided separately.Electric signal is applied to the suitable connection of electric connector 111, is provided to electric port one 12 thus.Cable 100 can be a random length, and in one embodiment, this length is 1 to 100 meter.This cable can be supported in scope and the high-speed communication that exceeds this scope between per second 1 gigabit and per second 10 gigabits.

If principle of the present invention is applied to twocouese communication; Then when electric signal is applied to the suitable connection of electric connector 111 (for example; Through electric port one 12), these electric signal just are converted into corresponding light signal through laser driver and TOSA 113 (perhaps more specifically through the electrical to optical converter in the TOSA 113).Laser driver also can be integrated in TOSA by (but not must).Light signal is sent to ROSA 124 through optical fiber 132.ROSA 124 (electro-optic detector in the ROSA 124 perhaps more specifically) will convert corresponding electric signal into from the light signal that optical fiber 132 receives.Electric signal is applied to the suitable connection of electric connector 121, thereby is supplied to electric port one 22.Cable 100 can also comprise the protective finish 133 of protecting optical fiber, optical device and part electric connector.At last, although not shown, Connectorized fiber optic cabling will generally include the strengthening part of some kinds, for example the Kevlar line.

On the principle, the optical fiber of any kind of (single mode or multimode) can both use with having suitable TOSA and ROSA design.Yet, in certain embodiments, with multimode optical fiber be used for 100m and shortwave (～850nm) link in following VCSEL source is desired.There is the multimode optical fiber of several kinds of important kind to merit attention, and demonstrates which is preferred in different situations.Certainly, along with comparative costs changes with the substitute relevant with each multimode optical fiber solution in time, the suggestion that below relates to also can change.

At present; Be used to connect at least to the selection of a kind of save considerably cost of 30 meters be the multimode optical fiber of a kind of OM2 of being commonly referred to; It has about 50 microns fibre core of diameter and the about 125 microns covering of diameter respectively, and the minimum with about 500MHzkm is overflowed bandwidth (OFL).Though adopt this optical fiber can link be configured to surpass 30 meters distance, this optical fiber is with adding a large amount of instability (hereinafter is summarized discussion) to link, and this possibly be undesirable compromise.

For surpassing about 30 meters link, on core design, has close tolerance but the optical fiber with same mechanical size is desired.Particularly, the optical fiber of a kind of OM3 of being commonly called is arranged, have the minimum OFL of 2000MHzkm, and very little signal impairment (be normally used for reach about 300 meters link) is provided for 100 meters or above distance.

The distance that those skilled in the art will appreciate that the optical fiber that adopts certain kind is by the several factors decision, and causes obviously being different from 30 meters because of compromise.

A kind of important novel multimode optical fiber of being processed by organic polymer (plastics) material is because the simplification at the terminal of optical fiber own can significantly be practiced thrift the cost of these application.Plastic optical fiber is available for many years, but needs very short wavelength source (about 650nm) usually, and because their simple step-refraction index core design, so the bandwidth magnitude that has is too low for the application of 1G to 10G.Yet the design of replacing hydrogen with fluoro has been arranged recently in the polymer architecture that reduces longer wavelength, for example 850nm decay down.The more important thing is that graded index core design realizes that this design provides 300MHzkm or more OFL bandwidth, this is enough for 20 meters or above link.

Certainly, light-electric transfer process and electricity-light transfer process needs electric energy between light and electric energy, to change.Therefore, electric connector at least at an end of cable 133 from the main frame supply of electrical energy to supply power to opto-electronic conversion.It can be that for example 3.3 volts power supply connects that power supply connects.For example in Fig. 1, electric port one 12 is represented as to provide and connects electric energy from power supply/ground that main frame is sent to electric connector 111.

Therefore, though at the two ends of cable electrical connection is provided, the information transmission is mainly accomplished through light signal.The buyer of this cable need not recognize that even this cable is an optical fiber.In fact, the copper cable of the cable 100 among similar Fig. 1 can be provided for short especially link (about 1 to 5 meter), further describe with reference to Fig. 8 A to 13B below some embodiment of this copper cable.

Though connect the single cable assembly of two equipment possibly be the simplest and minimum structure of cost with regard to hardware; And (for example for short link; Below 10 meters) possibly be preferred, but it possibly be not easy to install for long link (for example, above 30 meters).For long distance, the link of many cables maybe be more convenient.For example in the traditional optical link, long cable ends at each end at the terminal block place that is made up of one or more cable plug ends connectors usually.Adopt the plug type cable of lacking (1 to 5 meter) relatively to realize that the short chain from the optical port on the network equipment of each end that links to corresponding terminal block connects.In other situation, can use to comprise the more complicated connection that connects as 4 to 6 more than.

Although some embodiment of possible application of the present invention can be provided by single cable, allow the distortion of the connection of at least three cables will be of great use.Have several kinds of possible modes can current cable and other the such cables that will describe or other distortion be interconnected, these modes all are contained in the principle of the present invention.Different embodiment have different relative advantages.

Fig. 2 A representes integrated according to another embodiment of the present invention cable 200, and wherein cable 200 is used as a link in many links.The integrated cable 200 of Fig. 2 A is similar to the integrated cable 100 of Fig. 1, except 200 ends at cable of integrated cable have the electric connector 211 that is connected with electric port 212.Optical conenctor 221 is constructed to allow cable to adopt connector 221 and 222 receiving optical signals from other optical cable through optical fiber 231, and adopts connector 221 and 222 to send light signal from optical fiber 232 equally through other optical cable.

Among the embodiment that Fig. 2 A representes; Optical conenctor 221 is illustrated as standard LC optical conenctor (relevant more information that relate to standard LC optical conenctor referring to ANSI/TIA/EIA 604-10. " FOCIS-10 Fiber Optic Connector Intermateability Standard " 10/99 more).Yet; Any optical conenctor all can satisfy the demands; Include but not limited to SC optical conenctor (relevant more information that relate to standard SC optical conenctor more; Referring to IEC61754-4 " Fiber optic connector interfacePart 4:Type SC connector family " Ed 1.2,2002-2003) with other optical conenctors, though be exist at present or remain future development.Although in one embodiment, the length of cable 200 is from 1 to 5 meter, and cable 200 can be a random length.

Cable shown in Fig. 2 A can be used to three cable arrangements shown in Fig. 2 B, and wherein electricity-cable line 200A is connected to optical cable 201 and is connected to second light-cable 200B afterwards.Electricity-cable line and light-cable can be called as " E-O " cable here.In one embodiment, E-O cable 200A and 200B each all be shown in Fig. 2 A with the instance of the cable of describing 200.Optical cable 201 can but must not be the normalized optical cable.

Therefore; The electric signal that the electric port 212B of right side main frame receives from Fig. 2 B can be received by the electric connector 211B of E-O cable 200B; TOSA through E-O cable 200B is converted into light signal with relevant laser driver, through the E-O optical interface 232B that limits that is connected between optical conenctor 221B and 231B, passes through optical cable 201; Through the optical interface 232A that limits that is connected between optical conenctor 231A and 221A; Pass E-O cable 200A as light signal, finally received by the ROSA of E-O cable 200A, therefore corresponding electric signal is received by the electric port 212A of left side main frame through being electrically connected 211A.

Reverse; The electric signal that the electric port 212A of left side main frame receives from Fig. 2 B can be received by the electric connector 211A of E-O cable 200A; TOSA through E-O cable 200A is converted into light signal with relevant laser driver, through the E-O optical interface 232A that limits that is connected between optical conenctor 221A and 231A, passes through optical cable 201; Through the optical interface 232B that limits that is connected between optical conenctor 231B and 221B; Pass E-O cable 200B as light signal, finally received by the ROSA of E-O cable 200B, therefore corresponding electric signal is received by the electric port 212B of right side main frame through being electrically connected 211B.Among the interchangeable embodiment, many cable links shown in Fig. 2 B can be expanded to containing the multiple length of normalized optical cable, are connected to extended chain to surpass 3 cables.

E-O cable 200 has specification in the optics input and output, the maximal value and the minimum value of for example sending the minimum value and the maximal value of modulation power and allowing received power.These any one all can be by the customization specification to realize the link of particular range through given fiber type.Substitute, the optical interface of this cable can be according to one or more existing or following optical standards for multimode or single-mode fiber connection.

An instance is an IEEE 10G BASE-SR standard, and for some other multimode optical fiber of level, this standard allows to reach 300 meters transmission.It allows the link shown in Fig. 2 C equally, the end 263 of E-O cable 200C wherein, and the electric connector 261 through connecting cable 200C is connected to first parts of the network equipment 260 to electric port 262.This E-O cable 200C can for example be an example of E-O cable 200 among Fig. 2 A.The other end 265 of E-O cable 200C can be constructed to be connected to the optical connector of optical transceiver 266, and optical transceiver 266 comprises the electrical interface 267 of second parts of network enabled device 268.Therefore, in one embodiment, E-O cable 200C can with existing optical transceiver interworking, for example: SFP (referring to the polynary agreement of SFP (SFP) transceiver (MSA), September 14 in 2000.Also have; The INF-8047i standard of SFP (SFP) transceiver; Revised edition 1.0; May 12 calendar year 2001), XFP (referring to http://www.xfpmsa.org/XFP_SFF_INF_8077i_Rev4_0.pdf), XENPAK (referring to http://www.xenpak.org/MSA/XENPAK_MSA_R3.0.pdf), X2 (referring to http://www.x2msa.org/X2_MSA_Rev2.0b.pdf) or XPAK transceiver, as long as cable 200C follows a series of optics standards that are applicable to the transceiver model.Structure shown in Fig. 2 C can comprise one or more length of the optical fiber with AN connector, and this numerical value depends on the budget of the optical link that this E-O cable and optical transceiver are deferred to.

Referring to Fig. 1, although cable 100 adopts optical signal communications in its most of length, cable 100 adopts electric connector to be connected by the outside at two ends again.Therefore, electricity-electricity (E-E) cable 100 as shown in Figure 1 must not satisfy any external optical standard.This is for obtaining the low-cost very big facility that has.These inventive principle make it possible in many cables, keep this advantage with a lot of possible modes.

In one embodiment, three link systems that through shown in Fig. 3 A, positive adapter being connected cable 300A and 300B cable 100 are used for the E-E cable by cable plug ends connector 320 or any other sun.Each is the instance of cable 100 among Fig. 1 for cable 300A and 300B.For example, cable can have insertion connector (part 306 of cable 300A and the part 311 of cable 300B), corresponding main receiver 301 and 310 each all be socket connector.At this moment, cable plug ends connector 320 can comprise two socket 321A and 321B, and the receiving connector of a cable (for example cable 300A) is connected to the transmission connector of second cable (for example cable 300B), and vice versa.What socket 321A received cable 300A sends connector 304A, sends connector 304B and socket 321B receives cable 300B.In addition, low speed controller or index line 323 can be used to supply power and low speed control data to suitable being connected is provided.

A kind of consideration of relevant above-mentioned connection is that to need power supply be effective for the optical device that is connected the end at the E-E cable.An embodiment at the E-E cable does not have copper or other electric conductor, so does not have power supply to connect between the cable end, and the electric energy of each end is through the host computer system supply of every end.In one embodiment, electric energy is passed to cable end through in the following dual mode one or more.

Fig. 3 A and 3B have shown the cable plug ends adapter of two E-E cables that are used for connection layout 1 shown type.The electric energy that is used for two connector ends 303 and 312 is provided respectively to this cable plug ends adapter.As an instance, shown in Fig. 3 A, base 325 is equipped with single supply to connect and power supply supply 326, and they provide electric energy to one or more cable plug ends adapters again.Another instance of such power supply group socket to socket adaptor 350 has been shown among Fig. 3 B, and wherein input part (for example, input part 360) and efferent (for example 361) (noticing that input part and efferent are reversible) are set at the homonymy of base.Adapter 350 itself is received in the electric energy of part 351 place's input adapters 350 through power lead 352.

The second way of supply electric energy is by shown in Figure 4, this mode and the structural similarity of describing with reference to Fig. 3 A.Yet at this moment, E-E cable 400A and 400B are equipped with.Among cable 400A and the 400B one or the both is with described identical with reference to Fig. 1, except at least one pair of electrical lead (being 411A and 412A in cable 400A, perhaps is 411B and 412B in cable 400B) is provided in the cable along optical fiber.These leads 411 can be connected directly to power connector or so that in normally being connected, separate two main frame ends with 412 at arbitrary end.Pin can be provided in near-end and the far-end that power supply connects respectively.In an example, lead 411 can be a ground wire, and lead 412 can be a power lead.

A kind of alternative form of E-E cable can be used to connect two or many E-E cables and not need independently adapter/connector.The E-E cable 500 that substitutes is represented that by Fig. 5 A corresponding 2 cables structure is by shown in Fig. 5 B.E-E cable 500 shown in Fig. 5 A at one end 505 (for example ends shown in the left side) has pin connector 506, and it is connected to socket 501 in the host computer system shown in the left side, and comprises the transmission of TOSA and ROSA form and receive optics.The other end 503 (for example holding shown in the right side) of cable comprises it also being the transmission that is connected to optical fiber and the reception optics of TOSA and ROSA form equally.Yet right-hand member 503 can be constructed to have socket connector 507, and this socket connector 507 can be used as host connector, is linked cable 500 thereby more cables can be connected to the identical mode of host connector with these cables.In one embodiment, cable 500 possibly be short relatively about 1 to 5 meter " insertion line " length.Electrical lead 520 and 521 is equipped with from host computer system (being shown in the left side) electric energy to far-end socket end 503 (right-hand end) to be provided.With reference to figure 5B, one of cable 500 routine 500A can combine to form a series of pairs of cables with another cable 501 (it is similar to the cable 100 of Fig. 1) among Fig. 5.Further, a series of three or many cables can be through connecting many chromosomes 5A cable instance and the cable of Fig. 1 realize.For example, if three cables are used, then the instance of two chromosome 5A cables can combine with the instance of a chromosome 1 cable.At this moment, the center cable can have for example 10 to 100 meters long relatively highway section.

Several factors proof provides independently to the near-end (host computer side) of the cable that combines power lead and far-end, and power supply has superiority.A reason is the expectation that separation degree is provided between interacted system.Second reason is the supply requirement that is limited in the near-end connection of using in the great majority connection.

At last, possibly be to the most important thing is to overcome along the expectation, particularly light weight of the pressure drop to a certain degree of electrical lead, thinner lead (high wire gauge) when being used.The use of higher far end supply voltage can be taked a kind of in the dual mode.First kind is to use slightly that high power supply voltage overcomes the lead pressure drop.Particularly, the supply voltage that the active device of each end of cable can needs+3.3V ± 5% (3.145to 3.465V).Connect the pressure drop in the 5m that need 3.6V ± 5% (3.42to 3.78V) can easily overcome have typical copper cash wire gauge or shorter insertion line expected at the far-end supply company this moment.Second kind of situation is need overcome the loss in the longer cable path or supply more substantial electric energy to the equipment (adapter or even the remote disk driver that for example have retimer) in cable end.At this moment, adopt more that high voltage (about 40 volts) is significant, wherein resistor current loss meeting reduces.When such high voltage is used, must reduce to more low-voltage at far end supply through using for example Switching Power Supply supply.

In above-mentioned arbitrary system; Signal timing amount of jitter according to their insertions; The characteristic of different elements has superiority in the standardization system, extremely can be with total shake of restriction link by the amount of circuit element processes, and signal when circuit component finally can cover clock and reset.Shake is meant the error on time location in the digital data conversion process, and possibly have multiple source, wherein some be expressed as at random and other cause confirming in time, rely on the error of data usually.

The method and structure of above-mentioned link cable comprises that than single-cable more the interface (comprising connector, laser driver, receiver IC and laser instrument and optical fiber itself) to institute's transmission of data signals is shaken in the multipotency interpolation.Therefore, satisfy rational shake expectation amount many than difficulty in single-cable (itself even can in factory, detect its total effect of jitter) in said many cable systems.

Can overcome possible jitter limits by circuit when in link, combining to reset.For example, the clock and data recovery circuit can effectively be eliminated the shake that surpasses given frequency, the shake desired value of in this type systematic, resetting.Although circuit can be incorporated into the cable plug ends adapter (or other adapters) of each direction that is used for the dual link shown in each above-mentioned and Fig. 3 A and 4 when resetting, wherein circuit can be by local provisioning or respectively from inserting line when resetting for the electric energy of optical device.An instance of this system is shown in Fig. 6 A and 6B, and wherein one or more adapters are bonded in the single base, and adopts the single integrated circuit more than a passage (IC) of circuit when combining to reset.

Special; Fig. 6 A has represented to be similar to the structure of Fig. 3 A, except in cable plug ends adapter, having when resetting circuit 601A, 601B or 601C; And circuit 601A when resetting, 601B or 601C are inserted among the interior corresponding electric channel of cable plug ends adapter.Circuit 601B is inserted between active cable 600A and the 600B to provide suitable shake to reduce when resetting when for example, resetting.In fact, circuit when circuit 601B has represented two to reset when resetting, the direction that each is used to communicate by letter.Circuit 601A is identical with 601B when resetting.Here, electric energy is through cable plug ends connection supply itself.Structure when resetting is well known in the art, does not therefore detail here.

Fig. 6 B represented and the similar structure of Fig. 6 A structure, except present power lead is provided in one or two of active cable 700A and 700B, so that electric energy to cable plug ends connector to be provided.Can be used to power supply circuit 701A when resetting from one or two electric energy in these connectors, 701B and 701C (once more, having six circuit when resetting altogether), circuit operation electric signal in the respective channel when resetting when resetting.Circuit 701B is inserted between active cable 700A and the 700B to provide suitable shake to reduce when resetting when for example, resetting.

Similar, circuit can be added to the socket-type shown in Fig. 5 A and insert line when resetting.This embodiment is shown in Fig. 7 A, and the two relevant cables of this setting of employing connect shown in Fig. 7 B among Fig. 5 B.For example, with reference to Fig. 7 A, when the electric signal that receives from electric connector for socket 704 circuit 710 when resetting, and when being transmitted into electric signal circuit 711 when resetting on the electric connector for socket 704.

As said based on some embodiments in the solution of copper cable; Cable can comprise that the structure of the adaptive equalization that is used to support to import high-speed electrical signals is to reduce total link shake; Be used to provide the main frame of input high-speed electrical signals to select balanced structure to reduce total link shake; Provide the output structure that high-speed electrical signals is strengthened in advance to reduce total link shake, provide the input high-speed electrical signals main frame structure that selectivity is strengthened in advance to reduce total link shake.Because the length-specific or other character that are electrically connected between cable socket and next the IC element, different host computer systems need equalization in various degree and/or strengthen in advance.Integrated cable can be supported the additional determinacy of high speed signal and the predetermined restriction of total shake, and wherein such restriction can be selected to allow to reach the connection of 3 cables.

The linear jitter compensation of another method right and wrong of control shake, the edge of its detection and adjustment particular conversion (referring to the open No.20050175355 of United States Patent (USP)).This method is specially adapted to compensate known fixing determinacy jitter sources, is for example caused by the length-specific of host PC B stitching.

Be expressed as the shake that the aisle limit by host computer system or copper cable causes although should note great majority shakes minimizing technology, possibly common also can be used to compensate the imperfection (for example lasing light emitter is non-linear) of optical transmitter or receiver.They also can be used to the channel characteristic of compensated optical fiber itself.Depend on the kind of the optical fiber that adopts and the length that adopts with respect to its total frequency span, can compensate simple frequency decay or because visible more complicated multi-peak impulse response in the typical multimode optical fiber that the time-delay of different modules causes.

Cable also can comprise additional function in accordance with the principles of the present invention.For example; Cable can comprise confirms that full duplex (for example connects the structure that whether exists; Through sending 1 type of naked eyes safe range and receiving relatively low optical power levels) through one in first optical fiber and second optical fiber or two; As long as full duplex connects the structure of confirming just to reduce or close luminous power, and/or keep luminous power to be reduced or to close connecting confirmed structure until full duplex.

Electric connector comprises that being used for the loss of signal (LOS) indicates; The mistake indication; Control signal is forbidden in link, to first or even the existence of the integrated cable of the relevant host computer system of the second electric port indicate look-at-me; Reference clock input, low-speed serial data-interface and/or any other the connection that is used for cable control.

The low-speed serial data-interface can be configured to control first electrical to optical converter; It can be a part that is used to the system of outer data transmission; Can be constructed to read or write the nonvolatile memory in data to the cable optics; And/or one or more functions that can be used to from below table, select: serial identification code, client's security code.Client's security code can be provided with only special and allow the cable enforcement and the detection of main frame qualification to forge parts fully.The diagnostic message of auto-update is provided by same serial line interface in volatile storage.Serial line interface can be used to the Default Value of device equally to be written into fixed data to inner EEPROM, the fuse device of FLASH storer or laser driver and/or receiver IC.This serial line interface can be any serial line interface, no matter whether have (for example SPI interface or I2C interface) now or remain future development.

This cable also can comprise the eye protection facility of himself; It comprises when specified emissive power during greater than 1 grade of naked eyes safe limit of IEC; For example integrated cable is during by physical break; Make the invalid structure of one or more optical transmitting set in the integrated cable, if integrated cable by physical break then in the structure of naked eyes security level emission luminous power, if and/or integrated cable by physical break then state the structure of rub-out signal.Further, be by eliminable reason if open circuit, for example be cut to that the power supply of far-end causes, then the naked eyes safety circuit can be used to state again link.

A kind of special construction that is integrated in the cable is to control (OFC) system as the open optical fiber of optical fiber tube road sign accurate (referring to an ANSIX3.230-1994 6.2.3 part 42-48 page or leaf) part.In fact, if because OFC must handle two standalone transceiver and necessary correct work when a non-OFC transceiver is connected to the OFC device, therefore a kind of suitable reduced form of OFC agreement may be utilized.In all controlled Active Optical Fiber in both ends, this situation can not occur.In any situation, if the eye protector in the cable can be designed to when any possible single failure situation takes place, work.

Cable can comprise at least one electrical lead of crossing over integrated build-out.As previously mentioned, this electrical lead can be used to from an end of the cable other end electric energy transmitting to cable.Yet, interchangeable or additional, also can have the electrical lead that transmits the low-speed serial data from an end of integrated cable to the other end of integrated cable.In addition, the cable that being used to of being comprised sent electric energy can be used to send the low-speed serial signal simultaneously.

Fig. 8 A has represented it possibly is the simplest copper cable 800 and the interactive embodiment of said before optical fiber.In this example, whole link is passive, between each connector, has the copper conductor (lead is to 831 and 832) of two bidirectional traffics of a pair of transmission.Copper conductor is to shielding or the form of unshielded twisted pair (as what adopt in the CAT-5 cable) or be connected with form single-ended or the differential concentric cable.For the link of such high bandwidth, comprise having being connected to main frame base ground connection at last and very big benefit being arranged with comprehensive cable screen cover 835 of restriction Electromagnetic Launching.Fig. 8 B shows the xsect of the possible form of cable 800.Other assemblies of cable 800 can be identical with the structure of above-mentioned cable 100.In an example shown, cable 800 comprises that being arranged on copper conductor shields 833 to the alum-polymkeric substance-alum around 831/832.Filling material 834 can be used for being filled in copper conductor to 831/832 and alum-polymkeric substance-alum shielding 833 between any gap.Pair of outer braid shielded 835 can be arranged on inner alum-polymkeric substance-alum shielding 833 around.At last, cable 800 can comprise external jacket 836.

For the cable of 10G data transmission rate and reasonable size, possible transmission length will not be very short in having the host computer system of special device, maybe be at the order of magnitude of 1 meter length.In order to improve this transmission range, as shown in Figure 9, active component can be incorporated in the cable design.In Fig. 9, cable drives IC 912 and 923 and cable receiver IC 914 and 924 be included in cable end.The function of these IC will further detail hereinafter.In addition, the cable among Fig. 9 900 can be identical with cable 800 structures of above-mentioned Fig. 8.

Discuss before pass through cable electric energy be provided the time item that need consider equally also be applicable to the distortion of copper cable; But there are some difference in force.For example, the copper signal conductor among Fig. 8 can be suitable for providing supply voltage if desired.Alternative, each lead that is used for power supply is to being comprised in the cable 1000 with active cable drives 1013,1014,1023 and 1024 shown in Figure 10.Because distinctive demand to far end supply during two or many cables connect, Figure 10 has represented to have the cable far-end as the socket 1004 that inserts line.Except the copper signal conductor to 1031 and 1032, the copper power lead is equipped with 1036 provides electric energy with the end from cable 1000 to the other end.Radome 1035 also is used for emi protection by outfit.

Figure 11 basic representation with the cable of Figure 10 identical function, and the difference of selecting is discussed here.Have identical physical characteristics place at accompanying drawing, use identical mark for the purpose of making things convenient for.Similar with the instance of Figure 10, disclosed cable 1100 comprises except anything else among Figure 11: cable driver IC1120, cable receiver IC 1121 and another cable driver IC 1122.Be different from cable 1000, wherein electric energy is to be transmitted 1036 by special power lead, the electric energy in the cable 1100 through signal wire to being provided to far-end.Special, be provided in the copper twisted pair cable 1123 from the power supply 1110 of cable 1,100 one ends, and from twisted-pair feeder 1123, take out 1111 at the other end of cable 1100.

Figure 12 A and 12B have represented in the active cable design of copper, can be incorporated into some the useful parts among the IC.Figure 12 A representes transmitter integrated circuit (IC) 1200A.This transmitter IC 1200A is configured to combine power supply, data and control signal to operate.In the embodiment of Figure 12 A, these signals comprise other controls 1210 ,+/-data send TX 1211/1212 and near-end power supply/ground 1213.It is balanced that first square frame 1201 among this IC will provide, with the high-frequency loss in the compensation main frame mainboard stitching.This equilibrium can be fix and/or main frame select through serial line interface, perhaps be adapted to the main frame loss automatically.Shown next square frame is a shake precompensation 1202.In this newer relatively technology, detect special data-switching, and add fixing little time delay to compensate with the most relevant determinacy time error (shake).Available this technology compensates at least a portion bandwidth lose of loss of main frame mainboard and copper cable.Next square frame 1203 is amplitude limit functions, and recovery changes according to main frame IC and maybe be further by the signal level amplitude of main frame transmission-line attenuation.Last square frame 1204 provides preparatory reinforcement for the high fdrequency component of sending signal, with overcome these high fdrequency components in the cable than lossy.This is a technique known, can adopt 12dB or bigger gain.Amount of gain can be adjusted in Default Value individually, characterizes the special length of copper cable with coupling.

Reinforcement can be implemented through improving high fdrequency component or removing low frequency component in advance.In arbitrary situation, its resulting electrical waveform is easy to occur big toning after sending the limit.

Perhaps the sub-piece that only comprises functional block 1201,1202,1203 and 1204 among the cable drives IC that should note representing among Figure 12 A, this is because their some effective efficiencies are overlapping.

Also shown in Figure 12 A, but possibly not be fully integrated within the IC 1200A itself be used for the DC power supply connect 1207 be connected to signal power supply line 1206 optional circuit component 1205.The most directly mode is to adopt biasing T, uses big inductance or inductance chain and other matched elements that DC electric current 1207 is coupled to copper cable 1206, and can obviously not disturb the high frequency characteristics of high-speed transmission line.

Figure 12 B representes to be included in the element of the active cable IC receiver 1200B of the copper cash enforcement that is used for cable.These elements are the inverse element spare of driver IC to a certain extent, but have important difference.In addition, receiver IC 1200B is configured to combine power supply, data and control signal to operate.Particularly, Figure 12 B illustrate other controls 1220 ,+/-data inputs RX 1221/1222 and power supply/ground 1223.

Begin from the left side of Figure 12 B, wherein copper cash to or concentric cable 1206 be received from the major length of cable, have selective d C biasing circuit 1235 to restore far end supply from other cable end 1237.This power supply can be given this receiver IC 1200B itself and/or other elements of cable end, or even connected the parts of long-range cable end, the power supply adaptor that for example connects follow-up length cable supplies power.

The shown next square frame in this IC fully is to adjust balanced 1231.This equilibrium 1231 square frames compensation cable high frequency attenuation is provided, rather than the host PC B stitching in drive case.With identical in drive case, it can provide equilibrium fixing, adjustable or that adapt to.Adjustable but the equilibrium of Default Value because build-out and characteristic are determined when cable fabrication by special concern.

After equilibrium optionally, limiting amplifier 1233 recovers 0 and 1 level with constant amplitude.In most this receiver, be necessary to keep suitable DC level to operate to keep suitable dutycycle at circuit input end.This recovers ring by the DC that comprises the canceller 1238 of setovering usually as shown realizes that biasing canceller 1238 has also been set up the low frequency in the high-speed channel and stoped, and must select this DC to recover ring suitably according to minimum data rates and encoding scheme.

At last, for the driving host PCB stitching in this end of cable, output driver is equipped with selectivity to strengthen 1234 in advance.In receiver 1200B, to strengthen 1234 in advance and can be provided to help to overcome the high-frequency loss of long PCB stitching, high-frequency loss has added tangible shake in the 10G operation.Should strengthen in advance 1234 can fix, and is adjustable with the calibration of dispatching from the factory, or based on the host computer control information of the loss characteristic of the expection of PCB passage.

Figure 13 A and B have represented for obtaining the possible most economical setting of three cable advantages.At this moment, the copper base inserts line 1302/1303 and is used to the short relatively connection (1-5 rice) from main process equipment to terminal block (not shown), and wherein they will be connected to the long distance (5-100 rice) based on active cable optical fiber 1301 similar with cable shown in Fig. 1 100.Be lower than the cost of very short Active Optical Fiber except having possibility, copper cable can provide the cable transmission to the center with electric energy more easily.Figure 13 A has represented the such configuration of special lead to 1310 electric energy transmittings of passing through, and is shown in figure 10, and Figure 13 B has represented the electric energy conversion through one of HW High Way 1311, shown in figure 11.

In Figure 13 A and 13B, the copper base inserts and being connected between line 1302/1303 and the optics active cable 1301 to be expressed as plug to the socket connector setting, and it is connected directly to optics active cable 1301 with copper base insertion line 1302/1303.For example, referring to 1302 optical cable socket 1320 that is connected with 1301 copper cable plug 1321 and 1301 the copper cable socket 1322 that is connected with 1303 optical cable plug 1323.But those skilled in the art obviously can likewise adopt the adapter setting shown in Fig. 3 and 4.Similarly, being used to of obviously adopting among Fig. 6 and 7 adds retimer that shake reduces and also may be utilized and have same possible advantage.

Therefore, the user need not to be concerned about selection, and which is more accurate based on the solution of copper cable or based on the solution of optical fiber, selects correct port construction system then.Substitute, the user only need insert cable, can enjoy all advantages of optical communication, for example, and the high bandwidth transmission of low-power consumption and high port density and still less information pre-service and aftertreatment.Alternative, if favourable economically, can select form based on copper for short especially link (from the top of switching equipment frame to the bottom) user.

These useful enforcement distortion with optical link cable of electrical interface can be transmitted in single-cable more than a twocouese signal.Special, the size of optical module, the possibility of low power consumption and pin assignment density can allow approximately perhaps to be about in the size of very general RJ-45 network connector less than half foot connector width, carry out simple relatively two and link embodiments.For example, shown in Figure 14 A, electric connector 1411 is defined as and has two groups of differential input terminals and output terminal (RX for example; RX2; TX, TX2), every group of twocouese link that representative is independent; And the connector end can comprise two groups of TOSA 1413 and 1414 and/or ROSA 1415 and 1416, and it is connected to 4 successively and separates optical fiber 1431 to 1434.Alternative, two passages can be integrated in the single TOSA with binary channels laser driver and two VCSELS, its can be separate or in same assembly.Obviously to those skilled in the art after reading this instructions, the principle that has two (or more) passages in the cable can be used to all distortion of above-mentioned cable and various directly or through the various means of the interconnected cable of adapter independently.Two groups of TOSA 1423 and 1424 and ROSA 1425 and 1426 also can be comprised in the other end of cable, meet duplexing active cable 1400A and set up two strands.Obviously in unimodule, also can implement more than two links.

Figure 14 B representes the similar embodiment with Figure 14 A; Two autonomous channels are supported in one of them end 1459; But in somewhere along its length 1465; Cable is divided into two autonomous channel cables 1466 and 1467, its each end at single channel connector 1473 and 1483 respectively, each single channel connector has single TOSA and ROSA.For example, cable end 1473 can be received by socket 1472, and comprises TOSA 1474 and ROSA 1475, and cable end 1483 can be received by socket 1482, and comprises TOSA 1484 and ROSA 1485.Each TOSA 1474 and 1484 is connected to corresponding ROSA 1456 and 1455 through corresponding optical fiber 1462 and the 1461 two link ends 1459 at cable 1400B.Each ROSA 1475 and 1485 is connected to corresponding TOSA through corresponding optical fiber 1463 and 1464.The electric connector 1451 of two link ends 1459 of cable is received through the electrical socket 1452 of main frame.Two differential high-speed data signal TX of main frame transmission and TX2 be should note, and two differential high-speed data signal RX and RX2 received.

At last, the characteristic of many electrical connection systems is beneficial for such application.At first, can have the type of drawing locking that closedown structure for example sets up or the push-pull type locking of in the SC type joints of optical fibre, adopting in RJ-45 type connector.

Secondly, the socket of host computer system can comprise the equipment of the vision indication that is used to link activity and other states.It can be realized through two kinds of usual ways in the RJ-45 connected system.First kind is to comprise LED in the front panel front of the host socket that is electrically connected to host PC B.Second method is to comprise that in jack assemblies plastic light pipe is with the front surface from LED lead-in light to the socket on the host PC BA.

The 3rd, cable can have the equipment that is used for certain locking and fastening system to allow or to stop the different types of host computer system of interconnection.A kind of important example of locking and fastening system is to connect the insertion that stops the singular link cable in the port in two strands.Another example is to prevent two connections of carrying out the host computer system of different agreement, although this can be detected through protocol mode itself.For example, identical cable is useful for Ethernet and optical-fibre channel application, yet possibly hope to stop the interconnected of these systems through the means of simple structure with the system manager of two kinds of equipment execution data processing centre (DPC)s.Certainly, color coding or other simple means also can be used to this purpose.Locking part on the connector is usually included in the slot on the protruding and respective cable plug of structure in one group of position of host socket, and perhaps vice versa.The instance of these parts can find (referring to the little encapsulation document SFF-8421 of association revised edition 2.6,10/17/2005) in the regulation of HSSDC2 connector.

According to pin quantity, function be oppositely arranged for electric connector and have multiple possible selection.

Figure 15 A has represented a kind of, sees the possible pin setting that comprises 11 contacts from cable plug end (top) and host socket (bottom).Some pins all are useful for any enforcement, and near-end circuit Vcc for example, ground connection Vee, high-speed-differential send signal TX+ and TX-and high-speed-differential reception signal RX+ and RX-.Other the selection signal that adopts in some embodiments is; Be used for the independent current source connection VccF that far end supply connects; Be used for indicating the mistake/interference pin F/INT of any problem of link and in the situation of interruption effect, promote the serial data interface of host asks more information.At this moment, a pair of pin of a pair of representative serial data line SDA for example is used in the I2C communication system with relevant serial data clock SCK.

Far end supply is described before connecting VccF, for the supply voltage that provides independently or substitute to the active device that is positioned at or surpasses the cable far-end, be mainly used in above-mentioned variety of way and connect many cables.

Figure 15 B has shown different slightly but a large amount of pins of simplifying that have only 9 connections of quilt.At this moment, be not used in the separate connection of serial data interface.Yet, can keep these connections through one in one group of high-speed data pin through various possible modes.Include but not limited to; Common mode signaling at the low-speed interface of difference high-speed line; The perhaps modulation of the low-speed interface below the low frequency breakpoint of high-speed data frequency component (it is modulated usually with acquisition DC balance, and does not have at the perceptible signal component that is usually less than below the given frequency of about 30kHz for these application).

Not having these shortcomings that look of independent pin that is used for serial data branch and the complicacy that combines low speed and high speed branch maybe be more than practicing thrift the compensation of connector design through reducing possible pin quantity.

Figure 15 C representes to be used to adopt a kind of possible pin setting of the single channel cable of 20 contact connectors.It is because it is based on and is proved to be SFP and the identical layout of XFP type PCB edge connector that on 10G serial data transmission rate, has good behaviour that this special construction setting of pin contact receives publicity.

The arrangement of multiple these pins can realize, the high-speed line that Figure 15 C has represented to be surrounded by ground wire Vee is to TX+, TX-, and RX+ and RX-, it can be used to obtain the impedance of desired differential lines, and reduces crosstalking between high-speed line.Some Re lines are shown as the reservation future feature.Two-conductor line interface line (SDA) and (SCL) function of serial data to electric connector with control optical device and other expectations can be provided.

Figure 15 D has represented identical pin setting, except the design of the cable that is used to transmit two full duplexs links.Special, pin TX2+, TX2-, RX2+ and RX2-are used to second full duplex and link, and a faulted line F/INT2 independently.At last, Figure 15 E representes to be used for the 22 pin settings that two strands connects, and it is different from Figure 15 C and 15D part, and to be it separate providing more in high-speed line.The reduced form that it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that single link can obtain from Figure 15 C, and some aspect of this structure can be arbitrarily.

Therefore, cable allows to adopt the high-speed communication of optical fiber, and need not be connected with network node with the cable that adopts optical fiber.Substitute, the user can simply insert cable to being electrically connected.This cable can comprise equally that additional function is to improve the performance and the security of cable.

Figure 16 representes the view of an end 1600 of an embodiment of the active cable of singular link.The top of shell 1601 is cut open to be used for demonstration, makes that the inside of end 1600 is watched.End 1600 has 10 electric wire marks 1602 that are arranged on printed circuit board (PCB) 1610 each side, obtains 20 electric wire marks altogether.At this moment, the design of PCB edge contact is identical with existing SFP type standard, although do not need such design.Therefore, the syndeton of Figure 15 C or 15D can be supported in end 1600.End 1600 comprises ROSA 1603 and TOSA 1604, and it is connected to corresponding reception optical fiber 1605 and sends optical fiber 1606 through the collar 1607 and 1608 respectively.Optical fiber 1605 and 1606 forms the part of cable 1609, and it is protected by the cable overcoat.Cable can combine for example fiber B line of strengthening part usually, and it can be fixed in the interface between cable outside and the plug body.

Figure 17 A representes that two strands connects the view of an end 1700 of the embodiment of the active cable of full duplex.Once more, the top of shell 1701 is cut open to be used for demonstration.End 1700 has the electric wire mark of each side of 10 electric connector 1702 parts that are arranged on printed circuit board (PCB) 1709, obtains 20 electric wire marks altogether.Therefore, the syndeton of Figure 15 C and 15D can be supported in end 1700.Yet each side that other electric wire mark can be added to electric connector 1702 to be allowing totally 22 stitchings, thereby supports the syndeton of Figure 15 E.End 1700 comprises ROSA 1703 and TOSA 1704, and its side at printed circuit board (PCB) 1709 is passed through lasso 1707 and 1708, is connected to corresponding reception optical fiber 1705 respectively and sends optical fiber 1706.Symmetry, another group ROSA and TOSA are set at the far-end of support plate, although do not go out among the figure, it can be connected to corresponding optical fiber 1715 and 1716 through corresponding lasso equally. Optical fiber 1705,1706,1715 and 1716 form the part of cable 1719, and it is protected by the cable overcoat.

The skeleton view of Figure 17 B presentation graphs 17A end 1700 has only shell 1701 to be removed fully.Here, the ROSA in the printed circuit board (PCB) both sides can be watched.TOSA at the printed circuit board (PCB) far-end still can not be watched, but it can be placed on the near-end of printed circuit board (PCB) by simple ROSA relatively separately.Another skeleton view of the end 1700 of Figure 17 C presentation graphs 17A.

Figure 18 representes the view of an end 1800 of an embodiment of the active cable of singular link full duplex, and wherein over cap is removed to simplify and shows.Electric connector 1802 is similar to the electric connector 1602 of Figure 16.Here, laser driver and post amplifier are integrated in single integrated circuit 1810.The EEPROM of setting or serial i D information can be used to store, the far-end of printed circuit board (PCB) can be installed in.End 1800 comprises ROSA 1803 and TOSA 1804, and it can be connected to corresponding reception optical fiber 1805 respectively and send optical fiber 1806 through the collar 1807 and 1808.Optical fiber 1805 and 1806 forms the part of cable 1809, and it is protected by the cable overcoat.

The distortion that Fig. 2 C has represented to have the Connectorized fiber optic cabling of the optical interface of following light link standard how to be used to interconnect host computer system with electric active cable socket with have another system of industrial standard optical transceiver.This very useful applications also can obtain through using adapter, this adapter inserts the maintenance system of standard form fiber-optic transceiver and satisfies all demand signals of this interface.Except the system that will have special active cable socket is connected to the system with industrial standard optical transceiver, two such adapters may be utilized with interconnected any existing system and such industrial standard transceiver.Usually, such adapter can satisfy the mechanical electric signal demand of difformity standard, and this standard is established (referring to above-mentioned) through the multi-source agreement in the industry usually.

Figure 19 is illustrated in the signal map figure of the adapter 1900 that adopts between the active cable signal shown in general SFP standard and Figure 15 A-C.The left side of adapter 1900 is connected to the standard SFP signal 1901A by the SFP connector of Reference numeral 1902A representative.The right side of adapter 1900 is connected to the active signal 1901B of Figure 15 A-15C of the active cable connector of Reference numeral 1902B representative.If between SFP power source voltage Vcc and active cable power source voltage Vcc F, need the power supply adjustment, adapter 1900 can comprise selectivity power regulator 1903.

Figure 20 A representes first embodiment of SFP to the structural design of active cable adapter 2000.The internal circuit that protection is here hidden and the shell 2001 of assembly are illustrated.The most proximal end of adapter 2000 representes to be used for the electrical socket of active cable 2010, has the maintenance structure (standardized component of SFP structure interface) that lock hook 2003 activates whole adapter 2000.When active cable was inserted on the adapter 2000 the respective electrical socket, some contacts 2005 that contact the respective electrical stitching of active cable end were illustrated.Guarantee to be illustrated, thereby guarantee the shell transmission voltage, leave system from the Electromagnetic Launching of host computer system or adapter self with prevention at least partly to the EMI spring 2006 that electrically contacts of host housing.

Another skeleton view of the structural design of adapter 2000 among Figure 20 B presentation graphs 20A.Wherein the SFP of adapter end 2009 is shown specifically.SFP end 2009 comprises having the printed circuit board (PCB) (PCBA) 2007 that is applicable to a plurality of electric contacts 2008 that receive any SFP of meeting connector.SFP locking 2004 also is illustrated, and it meets the SFP standard.

Figure 20 C representes the top perspective of adapter 2000; More shells 2001 of adapter 2000 are cut open and expose the different assemblies on the upper surface of printed circuit board (PCB) 2007, comprise signal map member 2002, the electric wire mark from SFP electric connector 2009, SFP electric connector power contact 2018 and SFP earthing contact 2028/2029.Receive active cable on signal map member 2002 structures being electrically connected to active cable, and the high speed TX differential lines that is hard wired to the SFP stitching by electricity to 2011 with high speed RX differential lines to 2012.Signal map member 2002 can be carried out correct signal map, and is for example shown in Figure 19.Figure 20 D represent more shell 2001 be cut open, with the bottom perspective view of the adapter 2000 that exposes the different assemblies on printed circuit board (PCB) 2007 lower surfaces.Adapter 2000 comprises the various electrical connections corresponding to the electrical connection in the active cable.These connections in the active cable comprise near-end power supply 2030, faulted line 2031, I2C serial clock 2032, far end supply 2033, ground connection connection 2034/2035 and I2C serial data 2036.In addition, Figure 20 D is illustrated in the various contacts in the SFP electric connector 2009 of adapter 2000.These contacts comprise the invalid contact in I2C serial data contact 2040/2041, TX 2042, TX mistake contact 2043, MOD DEF02044, rate selection contact 2045, LOS contact 2046 and earthing contact 2047/2048.

Figure 21 representes the signal map chart of adapter 2100, and it is used between the active cable signal shown in general XFP standard and Figure 22 A-22D.The left side of adapter 2100 is connected to the standard x FP signal 2101A of the XFP edge connector of being represented by Reference numeral 2101B.The right side of adapter 2100 is connected to the active signal 2102A of the active cable connector of being represented by Reference numeral 2102B.If between XFP power source voltage Vcc and active cable power source voltage Vcc F, need the power supply adjustment, adapter 2100 can comprise selectivity power regulator 2103.In addition, adapter 2100 comprises cancels circuit/serial i D 2104, and can comprise fault processing 2105.

Function when the XFP standard need reset, it can be comprised in the adapter, and in Figure 21, is expressed as two selectivity CDR square frames 2110/2111.Function can provide more effective cost and saving power when resetting yet remove.If Active Optical Fiber is through the selection of optical fiber, the minimizing of length or any amount of above-mentioned active shake for example shake precompensation, and fully the restriction shake is an acceptable.

Figure 22 A representes first embodiment of XFP to the structural design of active cable adapter 2200.Here, shown shell 2206 is used for protecting hiding internal circuit and assembly.The most proximal end of adapter 2200 representes to be used for the electrical socket 2201 of active cable; Have lock hook 2202 and activate the maintenance structure (standardized component of XFP structure interface of whole adapter 2200; Two slide lock parts 2203 that it is embodied as in the side in the figure, wherein have only one visible).Independently latch-up structure 2204 (Figure 22 A only is expressed as little hook) is equipped with to keep cable to adapter 2200.When active cable was inserted on the adapter 2200 respective electrical socket 2201, some contacts 2205 that contact the respective electrical stitching of active cable end were illustrated.

Another skeleton view of the design of adapter 2200 among Figure 22 B presentation graphs 22A.The figure shows the part of the XFP electric connector 2209 that comprises various electric contacts 2208.

Figure 22 C representes a part of shell 2206 incisions and has exposed indoor design characteristic, the particularly top perspective of the layout on PCBA2207 top.Can directly be sent through TX CDR 2210 from the high speed signal of XFP electric connector 2209, can be sent out through RX CDR 2211 to the high speed signal of XFP electric connector 2209.Signal from XFP electric connector 2209 can arrive TX CDR 2210 through the TX differential lines to 2213, the output of TX CDR 2210 can through the TX differential lines to 2223 directly be connected to active cable electrical socket 2201 the TX pin.Similarly, can be connected to RX CDR2211 to 2222 through the RX differential lines, be sent to XFP electric connector 2209 via the RX differential lines to 2212 then from the high-speed line of the reception pin of active cable socket 2201.In addition, Figure 22 C representes the contact in the XFP electric connector 2209.These contacts comprise reference clock (+/-) 2230, earthing contact 2231/2232, Vcc2 (1.8V) 2233 and outage source/replacement 2234.

Figure 22 D representes that bottom enclosure covers the bottom perspective view of the adapter 2200 that is removed.This view shows is adapted to the different lower-speed states of coherent signal and being connected of control line that active cable socket 2201 uses through microprocessor 2250.Active cable socket 2201 employed signal wire/contacts comprise faulted line 2240, near-end power supply 2241, ground connection 2242/2243, I2C serial clock 2244, far end supply 2245 and I2C serial data 2246.When adaptation was used for the signal of active cable, microprocessor 2250 also made these signal adaptation be used for the expectation from the host computer system of these responses.Microprocessor 2250 can provide EEPROM extremely to inquire from the serial i D of main frame so that correct response to be provided equally.Represented also that like Figure 22 D the various power supplys that are used for 3.3V power supply 2266 and 5.0V power supply 2265 are connected.And Figure 22 D has represented that Vee3 (5.2) power supply 2261, MOD_DESEL 2262, interference 2263, TX_DIS 2264, I2C serial data connect 2267/2268, MOD_ABS 2269 is connected with MOD_NR2270 and RXLOS connects 2271.

Last a kind of adapter of being discussed is used to the X2 socket.X2 is one of three kinds of models of carrying out XAUI (10 gigabit Attachment Unit Interface) electrical interface, and other two kinds is XENPAK and XPAK type.Identical of the host computer side electrical interface essence of these three kinds of designs is different on architectural feature.

Figure 23 representes the signal map chart of X2 to active cable adapter.The principal character that XAUI meets 2301A be all 10G data stream each direction be through four more low speed connect (be labeled as RX+/-0-3 and TX+/-0-3) transmit.Because this four XAUI lines 2311/2321 adopt and are different from 10G signal encoding form connected in series, thus a little higher than serial line interface speed of actual converted speed 1/4th.Except parallel electrical interface, the XAUI standard also need shake minimizing, during resetting before sending as signal and the low speed control and the supervisory signal of recodification signal and wide region.At present, the majority in these characteristics is implemented in the single IC that is commonly called XAUI SERDES 2304 (serializer-deserializer).Shown in Figure 23 was further, active cable socket 2303B comprised a series of connection 2302A, connected via these and sent and/or receive for example data, power supply and control signal.

Other characteristics of XAUI interface are adjustable supply voltages, in the pin of Figure 23 connects, are expressed as APS 2331/2332.Should special connection be used to the power supply adjusted on the host computer system, be set up through the stake resistance in the X2 module (or adapter of this situation) that is connected in the pin that is expressed as APS SET 2341 for its voltage.The third phase that is expressed as APS SENSE 2351 closes pin passes the internal measurement value of APS voltage back as the part of Control of Voltage feedback control loop host computer system.In the present embodiment, this can adjust the power supply that power supply only is used to XAUI SERDES 2304 self, and it is low voltage CMOS IC normally.In addition, adapter 2300 can comprise optical device power regulator 2303.

Figure 24 A representes to the view of first embodiment of the structural design of the X2 of active cable adapter 2400.Shown shell 2405 is used for protecting hiding internal circuit and assembly.The most proximal end of adapter representes to be used for the electrical socket of active cable 2401; Have lock hook 2402 and activate the maintenance structure (standardized component of X2 structure interface of whole adapter 2400; It is embodied as in the figure at two of the side and shrinks Lock Parts 2403, wherein have only one visible).Independently the latch-up structure (not shown) is equipped with to keep cable to adapter.When active cable was inserted on the adapter respective electrical socket 2401, some contacts 2404 that contact the respective electrical stitching of active cable end were illustrated.

Another skeleton view of the structural design of adapter 2400 among Figure 24 B presentation graphs 24A.The figure shows the part of the X2 electric connector 2406 that comprises various electric contacts 2408.

Figure 24 C representes that a part of shell 2405 cuts and exposed the top perspective of the adapter 2400 of indoor design characteristic, the particularly layout on PCBA2407 top.X2 electric connector 2406 comprises earthing contact 2420/2421.Four groups of XAUI signal difference moving-wires are sent out from X2 electric connector 2406 in each direction 2411 (TX) and 2412 (RX), and directly are sent to and from XAUI SERDES2410.The TX of XAUI SERDES 2410 output through the TX differential lines to 2413 be connected directly to active cable electrical socket the TX pin.Same, be connected to the RX input of XAUI SERDES 2410 from the high-speed line 2414 of the reception pin of active cable socket.Also show crystal oscillator 2409 (being expressed as XTAL) among Figure 24 C.It is normally used for providing the time offset of the serial signal of transmission.

Figure 24 D representes that bottom enclosure covers the bottom perspective view of the adapter 2400 that is removed.This view shows lower-speed state and the through hole that passes to XAUI SERDES 2,410 2440 arrives and being connected from the control line of XAUISERDES 2410.XAUI SERDES 2410 is used to make and is adapted to lower-speed state and being connected of control signal the coherent signal that active cable socket 2401 uses.Active cable socket 2401 employed signal wire/contacts comprise faulted line 2430, near-end power supply 2431, ground connection 2432/2433, I2C serial clock 2434, far end supply 2435 and I2C serial data 2436.When adaptation was used for the signal of active cable, XAUI SERDES 2410 also made signal adaptation be used for the expectation from the host computer system of these responses.SERDES 2410 will provide the interface to EEPROM, extremely inquire from the serial i D of main frame so that correct response to be provided.Represented also that like Figure 24 D the various power supplys that are used for 3.3V power supply 2452/2463 and 5.0V power supply 2451/2464 are connected, and the APS power supply of discussing before 2453,2460,2461 and 2462.In addition, Figure 24 D is illustrated in other contact on the X2 electric connector 2406, comprises replacement 2450, LASI 2454, TX ON/OFF 2455, MOD detection 2456, MDIO 2457, MDC 2458, Port Addr 0-42459 and earthing contact 2465/2466.

Therefore, described a kind of active cable, wherein when signal carries out optical communication through the major part of build-out, be electrically connected and be provided at least one side of cable, to receive high-speed electrical signals.Also described and be used for SFP, adaptive adapter between XFP or X2 and the active cable connector.

The present invention can be implemented as other special shapes and not break away from its spirit and essence.Said embodiment only is used for explanation in all cases rather than limits.Therefore, scope of the present invention is to be represented by accompanying claims rather than above description.All distortion in the claim full scope of equivalents are included in its scope.

Claims (28)

1. an integrated cable comprises

First optical fiber in this integrated cable, this first optical fiber has first end and second end;

First electric connector; Be integrated into this integrated cable; Wherein this first electric connector is set to connect the first outside electric port of integrated cable; Make that this first electric connector is set to receive first electric signal, and first electric signal is provided to first electrical to optical converter when being connected to the first electric port;

Said first electrical to optical converter; In this integrated cable; And be connected to first end of first optical fiber, make that this first light signal is connected to first end of first optical fiber when first electrical to optical converter receives first electric signal and first electrical signal conversion become first light signal;

Second electric connector is integrated into this integrated cable, and wherein second electric connector is set to connect the second outside electric port of integrated cable;

First electro-optic detector; In this integrated cable, and be connected to second end of first optical fiber, make when first electro-optic detector when second termination of first optical fiber is received first light signal; This first electro-optic detector converts first light signal to second electric signal; And second electric signal offered second electric connector, make that this second electric connector is set to second electric signal is offered the second electric port when being connected to the second electric port; And

The transmitter integrated circuit, this transmitter integrated circuit comprises:

Adjustable equalization circuit, this is adjustable, and the equalization circuit provides balanced, with the high-frequency loss in the compensation main frame mainboard stitching;

Shake pre-compensation circuit, this shake pre-compensation circuit have the special data-switching of the most relevant determinacy time error and add fixing little time delay through detection and compensate, the TX+ that imports with compensation/-shake in the electric signal;

Limiting amplifier, this limiting amplifier receive the output from this shake pre-compensation circuit, and change and maybe be further by the signal level amplitude of main frame transmission-line attenuation according to main frame IC in order to recovering; And

Preparatory accentuator, this preparatory accentuator receives the output from this limiting amplifier, and in order to through improve high fdrequency component or remove low frequency component come to TX+/-high fdrequency component of electric signal provides preparatory reinforcement.

2. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1 also comprises the protection covering, and it constitutes and surrounds first optical fiber, first electro-optic detector and part first electric connector at least.

3. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein first electric connector further comprises the connection that is used for loss of signal (LOS) indication.

4. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein first electric connector further comprises the connection that is used for the mistake indication.

5. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein first electric connector further comprises and is used to link the connection of forbidding control signal.

6. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein first electric connector further comprise to being connected of the existence of this integrated cable of the host computer system of first electric port association indication.

7. integrated cable as claimed in claim 6 wherein is used to indicate the pin of the existence of this integrated cable to be connected to the connection of one or more cable ground connection to host computer system.

8. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein first electric connector further comprises one or more connections that are used for the low-speed serial data-interface.

9. integrated cable as claimed in claim 8, wherein one or more connections that are used for the low-speed serial data-interface are constituted as and are used to control first electrical to optical converter.

10. integrated cable as claimed in claim 8, wherein serial data interface is a part that is used to the system of outer data transmission.

11. integrated cable as claimed in claim 8, wherein serial data interface is constituted as and is used to read or writes data to nonvolatile memory.

12. integrated cable as claimed in claim 11, wherein at least one serial data interface and nonvolatile memory one or more functions of being used to from below table, select: serial cognizance code, client's security code and diagnostic message.

13. integrated cable as claimed in claim 8, wherein serial data interface is implemented as the SPI connection.

14. integrated cable as claimed in claim 8, wherein serial data interface is implemented as the 12C connection.

15. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein first electric connector further comprises the connection that is used for look-at-me output.

16. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein first electric connector further comprises one or more connections that are used for the reference clock input.

17. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1 comprises that further at least one crosses over the lead of the length of this integrated cable.

18. integrated cable as claimed in claim 17, wherein at least one lead is used to send the low-speed serial data from an end of this integrated cable to the other end of this integrated cable.

19. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein this integrated cable is supported in the data transmission rate between per second 1 to 11.5 gigabit, comprises the data transmission rate of per second 1 gigabit and per second 11.5 gigabits.

20. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of this integrated cable is between 1 and 30 meter.

21. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1, wherein this integrated cable has second electric connector at second end of this integrated cable, thereby forms an E-E cable, is electrically connected the socket that is set to connect cable plug ends adapter.

22. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1; Wherein this integrated cable has second electric connector at second end of this integrated cable; Thereby form an E-E cable; First electric connector constitutes pin connector, and second electric connector constitutes socket connector with the electric connector of reception with the first electric connector same size and shape.

23. integrated cable as claimed in claim 1 further comprises:

Second optical fiber in this integrated cable is used for the direction transmitting optical signal identical with this first optical fiber, and this second optical fiber has first end and second end,

Wherein said first electric connector also is used to receive the 3rd electric signal and to second electrical to optical converter the 3rd electric signal is provided, and said integrated cable further comprises:

Said second electrical to optical converter; In this integrated cable; And be connected to first end of this second optical fiber, and make when this second electrical to optical converter receives the 3rd electric signal and the 3rd electrical signal conversion is second light signal, second light signal is connected to first end of this second optical fiber; And

Second electro-optic detector in this integrated cable, and is connected to second end of second optical fiber, makes that second electro-optic detector receives second light signal and converts second light signal into the 4th electric signal when second light signal occurs in second optical fiber,

Wherein second electric connector is integrated into this integrated cable, and is connected to second electro-optic detector, makes that second electric connector receives the 4th electric signal when second electro-optic detector receives second light signal.

24. an integrated cable comprises:

First electrical to optical converter in this integrated cable, and is connected to first electric connector, makes when first electric signal is applied to first electric connector, and first electrical to optical converter receives first electric signal and is first light signal with first electrical signal conversion;

First optical fiber in this integrated cable, and is connected to first electrical to optical converter, makes when first electric signal occurs in first electric connector, and first optical fiber is received first light signal from first electrical to optical converter in first termination of first optical fiber; And

Receiver ic, this circuit comprises: adjustable equalization circuit, this is adjustable equalization circuit be in order to compensation cable high frequency attenuation, and equilibrium fixing, adjustable or that adapt to is provided; Limiting amplifier, this limiting amplifier receives the output from this adjustable equalization circuit, and in order to recover 0 and 1 level with constant amplitude; And the preparatory accentuator of selectivity, the preparatory accentuator of this selectivity receives the output from this limiting amplifier, and in order to help to overcome the high-frequency loss of long PCB stitching.

25. integrated cable as claimed in claim 24, wherein first optical fiber is multimode optical fiber.

26. integrated cable as claimed in claim 24, wherein first electrical to optical converter comprises VCSEL.

27. integrated cable as claimed in claim 24 further comprises and adopts the common mode signaling to send the structure of data through first optical fiber.

28. integrated cable as claimed in claim 24 comprises that further the more low-frequency out-of-band-signal of employing sends the structure of data through first optical fiber.

Images