CN101447711A - Motor and method for improving running reliability of motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the motor technical field, in particular to a motor and a method for improving running reliability of the motor; the motor comprises a bearing external cover, a bearing, a bearing internal cover, and a shaft; the bearing external cover, the bearing and the bearing internal cover are sequentially arranged on the shaft; the bearing is arranged between the bearing external cover and the bearing internal cover; moving clearance is arranged between the end surface of the bearing external ring and the internal spigot of the bearing external cover; the method adopts the design which cancels a waveform spring piece or a bearing spring, leads the moving clearance to exist between the end surface of the bearing external ring and the internal spigot of the bearing external cover, provides a moving space for the bearing, leads the bearing not easy to generate friction with the bearing cover, leads the temperature of the motor not to be excessively high and can prolong the service life of the motor.

Description

The method of motor and lifting running reliability of motor

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the motor technology field, particularly the method for motor and lifting running reliability of motor.

Background technology:

Motor is widely used in industrial production and daily life, is one of important instrument, because most of motor all need to reach for a long time the long-time continuous operation, therefore the quality of production to motor has proposed higher requirement.

For most asynchronous motors, a key factor that influences the service quality of motor is exactly the bearing operating temperature, bearing is very easy to damage if the bearing operating temperature is higher, in practice, the applicant promptly is subjected to the puzzlement of foregoing problems, and is especially serious with the threephase asynchronous of H315～355-2 model.

Cause temperature rising in the bearing running, thereby damage bearing multiple reason is arranged, the applicant finds by long-time practice and test contrast, the tightness that the inside and outside circle of bearing cooperates with axle and bearing holder (housing, cover), and the axial size of fit-up gap, all closely related with the dependability of the temperature of bearing operation and bearing; Other aspects also more or less make some difference but do not become key factor, and main cause is analyzed as follows.

In the threephase asynchronous data of the Y315 of master Shanghai Electric Appliances Science Inst～355, Y2-355 model, bearing inner race is k5 with cooperating of axle $\left(\begin{array}{c}+0.018\\ +0.003\end{array}\right),$ The fit tolerance of bearing outer ring and end-cover axle bearing sleeve is $\begin{array}{c}+0.040~0.045\\ 0\end{array},$ For two ball bearing structures, see Fig. 1, added wavy spring sheet 03 or carriage spring between free end bearing enclosing cover 01 seam and bearing 02 outer ring, be provided with the 1mm gap in theory by motor inner chamber one side bearing inner cap, 04 seam and bearing 02 outer ring; Should not have what problem on aforementioned these design theories, but in the motor actual moving process, because the deviation accumulation, operation has produced harmful effect to bearing.

Radial fit problem for example: bearing holder (housing, cover) and axle be actual to be added and adopts allowance below nominal size man-hour even to limiting value, all be qualified in actual production, relative, bearing 02 all completes by fine finishining, bearing 02 inside and outside circle tolerance mostly is some thousandths of, near bearing 02 tolerance limiting value, so, it is too small bearing 02 outer ring fit clearance to occur, and bearing 02 inner ring cooperates the situation of pine; Owing to produce heat because of friction in bearing 02 running, thereby elevate the temperature, expand and aggravate, but, too small because of bearing 02 outer ring and bearing holder (housing, cover) gap, so that bearing 02 expands is limited, aggravated the friction of bearing 02 again with bearing holder (housing, cover), bearing 02 temperature can continue again to rise, and just tends to be balanced up to a higher level; For bearing 02 inner ring, because of bearing 02 inner ring cooperates pine with bearing holder (housing, cover), under the effect of high speed rotating tangential force, bearing inner race and axle 05 are got loose, promptly be commonly called as " race inner ring ", run inner ring and can aggravate friction equally and give birth to heat, cause bearing 02 temperature to raise.

Operation is very disadvantageous to the bearing temperature height to bearing, and it can make bearing lubrication destroyed, and when bearing lubrication did not catch up with, the very fast meeting of bearing was burnt.

End play problem for another example: on the one hand, after the motor energising operation, stator, rotor all can produce heat, thereby motor is heated up, and be general, usually is the dilation that the dilation of rotor is greater than stator; On the other hand, foozle and the tolerance build-up that also will consider stator, rotor cause bearing apart from deviation, therefore in two ball bearing structures, except that the fastening end bearing as the location, another bearing just must be made as freely, will guarantee that promptly bearing can axially freely stretch, also needs to consider two end plays simultaneously: the less meeting of bearing distance of axle is by internal bearing cover seam dieback, spool thermal expansion or foozle make that the bearing distance is excessive, bearing is by bearing end cover seam dieback; These two end plays are with radially the same also very important, and not doing a good job in all might the dieback bearing and seize or tighter occurs, and then occurs acutely rubbing and making bearing temperature too high, makes the damage of bearing premature failure.

In conjunction with above analysis as can be known,, limited bearing, made that bearing temperature when motor moves is too high, aggravated the damage of bearing owing to added wavy spring sheet 03 or carriage spring between free end bearing enclosing cover 01 seam of existing motor and bearing 02 outer ring.

Summary of the invention:

One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of motor at the deficiencies in the prior art, the operation that it can be safe and reliable, and useful life is longer.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

It comprises bearing end cover, bearing, internal bearing cover, axle, and bearing end cover, bearing, internal bearing cover are installed on the axle successively, and bearing has the free gap between bearing outer ring end face and the bearing end cover inner stopper between bearing end cover, internal bearing cover.

Described bearing outside has bearing holder (housing, cover).

The axial width of described free gap is not less than 3mm.

Axial distance between described internal bearing cover seam end face and the bearing outer ring end face is 1.5mm～2mm.

Described bearing is the play bearing, the resistance of reducing friction.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is, has cancelled wavy spring sheet or carriage spring, makes to have the free gap between bearing outer ring end face and the bearing end cover inner stopper; For bearing provides a mobile space, make that bearing is not easy to rub with bearing cap, make that motor temperature can be not too high, can increase the service life.

Two of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that promotes running reliability of motor at the deficiencies in the prior art, uses the operational reliability that this method can promote motor, prolongs the useful life of motor.

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

Has the free gap between bearing outer ring end face and the bearing end cover inner stopper.

The axial width of described free gap is not less than 3mm.

The internal bearing cover seam end face and the axial distance between the bearing outer ring end face of motor are 1.5mm～2mm.

Go up poor during the bearing holder (housing, cover) tolerance adopts or on carry, tolerance is $\begin{array}{c}+0.045~0.050\\ +0.025~0.030\end{array}.$

The coaxial cooperation of bearing inner race increases the magnitude of interference, and the magnitude of interference is $\begin{array}{c}+0.023~0.025\\ +0.008~0.010\end{array}.$

Beneficial effect of the present invention is, has cancelled wavy spring sheet or carriage spring, makes to have the free gap between bearing outer ring end face and the bearing end cover inner stopper; For bearing provides a mobile space, make that bearing is not easy to rub with bearing cap; Also improved the tolerance of bearing holder (housing, cover), made that whole precision is higher, so motor temperature can be not too high, can increase the service life.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is existing motor installation diagram

Fig. 2 is an installation diagram of the present invention

Embodiment:

The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

See accompanying drawing 2, the present invention includes:

It comprises bearing end cover 1, bearing 2, internal bearing cover 4, axle 5, bearing end cover 1, bearing 2, internal bearing cover 4 are installed on the axle 5 successively, bearing 2 has free gap 3 between bearing 2 cycle surfaces and bearing end cover 1 inner stopper between bearing end cover 1, internal bearing cover 4.

The described bearing 2 outer bearing holder (housing, cover)s 6 that are with.

Bearing end cover 1 seam end face of the present invention and bearing 2 cycle surface axial distances are adjusted, change big gap into by conventional wavy spring sheet or carriage spring, promptly remove wavy spring sheet or carriage spring, make the free gap 3 for supplying bearing 2 to move between bearing end cover 1 seam end face and bearing 2 cycle surfaces, the theoretical δ 2 of this free gap 3 is not less than 3.0mm; Cancelled conventional wavy spring sheet or carriage spring, can make bearing 2 can be in this free gap 3 movable, thereby can reduce friction, reduced the probability that temperature raises bearing 2.

Internal bearing cover 4 seam end faces and bearing 2 cycle surface axial distance δ 1 adjust, and have strengthened axial distance, and the 1.0mm by routine changes 1.5mm～2mm into, and the activity space of bearing 2 is increased, and can reduce the friction between bearing 2 and the internal bearing cover 4.

Adopt than loose fit with bearing holder (housing, cover) 6 bearing 2 outer rings, and go up during bearing holder (housing, cover) 6 tolerances adopt and carry on poor or appropriate, as $\begin{array}{c}+0.04\\ 0\end{array}$ Change into $\begin{array}{c}+0.045~0.050\\ +0.025~0.030\end{array},$ To reduce the friction between bearing 2 and the bearing holder (housing, cover) 6.

The cooperation of bearing 2 inner rings coaxial 5 increases the magnitude of interference, and the magnitude of interference is $\begin{array}{c}+0.023~0.025\\ +0.008~0.010\end{array},$ Reaching a bearing 2 and axle 5 close-fitting purposes, thereby bearing 2 is reduced along the chances that axle 5 moves, and then can reduce the friction between bearing 2 and bearing end cover 1, the internal bearing cover 4, reduce the probability of temperature rising.

In addition, described bearing 2 adopts big play bearing, as the C3 bearing, to reduce the friction of bearing 2.

The method of running reliability of motor of the present invention adopts and to have cancelled wavy spring sheet or carriage spring, make the design that has the free gap between bearing outer ring end face and the bearing end cover inner stopper; For bearing provides a mobile space, make that bearing is not easy to rub with bearing cap, make that motor temperature can be not too high, can increase the service life; The bearing chamber tolerance is gone up in adopting carry on poor or appropriate, increase the coaxial matching allowance of bearing inner race; Strengthen internal bearing cover seam end face and bearing outer ring end face axial distance, and adopt than big play bearing, these methods all are in order to reduce the friction of bearing, thereby increase fail safe, the reliability of motor operation, can prolong the useful life of motor; Cooperate trend more reasonable.

By the employing of above measure, greatly improved the problem of bearing operating temperature height with damage of bearings, these measures without any bad influence, also make cost descend to some extent to motor, and the motor efficiency of assembling improves, and the electrical fault rate reduces, and is very meaningful.

Claims (10)

1, motor, it is characterized in that: it comprises bearing end cover (1), bearing (2), internal bearing cover (4), axle (5), bearing end cover (1), bearing (2), internal bearing cover (4) are installed on the axle (5) successively, bearing (2) is positioned between bearing end cover (1), the internal bearing cover (4), has free gap (3) between bearing (2) cycle surface and bearing end cover (1) inner stopper.

2, motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the outer bearing holder (housing, cover) (6) that is with of described bearing (2).

3, motor according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the axial width of described free gap (3) is not less than 3mm.

4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described motors, it is characterized in that: the axial distance between described internal bearing cover (4) seam end face and bearing (2) cycle surface is 1.5mm～2mm.

5, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described motors, it is characterized in that: described bearing (2) is the play bearing.

6, promote the method for running reliability of motor, it is characterized in that: have the free gap between bearing outer ring end face and the bearing end cover inner stopper.

7, the method for lifting running reliability of motor according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the axial width of described free gap is not less than 3mm.

8, according to the method for claim 6 or 7 described lifting running reliability of motor, it is characterized in that: the internal bearing cover seam end face and the axial distance between the bearing outer ring end face of motor are 1.5mm～2mm.

9, according to the method for claim 6 or 7 described lifting running reliability of motor, it is characterized in that: go up poor during the bearing holder (housing, cover) tolerance adopts or on carry, tolerance is

10, according to the method for claim 6 or 7 described lifting running reliability of motor, it is characterized in that: the coaxial cooperation of bearing inner race increases the magnitude of interference, and the magnitude of interference is

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