CN101446198A - Apparatus for automatic and continuous measurement of delivery capacity, specific gravity and viscosity of drilling mud - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for measuring specific gravity, viscosity and delivery capacity of well-mouth mud of a petroleum exploratory well and a petroleum production well. Mud beneath the well is taken out with rock debris. As the mud used for drilling the well has extremely large specific gravity and viscosity, jamming of a drilling tool is most prone to be caused during drilling the well. For a plurality of years, the specific gravity and the viscosity of the well-mouth mud are detected manually with no automatic and continuous measuring apparatus available yet. Three well-drilling indicators conform to the actual well-drilling conditions, so as to achieve excellent practicability. The apparatus can reduce the use of chemical agent and labor power and greatly improve the economic benefit of the well. For the apparatus for automatic measurement of mud viscosity, no new technical products are available both at home and abroad. The apparatus of the invention is a digitalized, curved, automatized, light-weight and portable, modern and new apparatus. The name of the invention is: apparatus for automatic and continuous measurement of delivery capacity, specific gravity and viscosity of drilling mud.

Description

Drilling mud continuous automatic measurement discharge capacity, proportion, viscosity apparatus

Technical field:

The present invention is the oil exploration well, colliery development well, hydrogeological engineering well, well head outlet mud displacement, proportion, viscosity continuous automatic measurement instrument.Reach scientific drilling well.The various mud parameters of scientific measurement.Whole each parameter of digitized record.Whole automation equipments, full curveization, lighting, modernization, new-type instrument.

One, background technology:

At oil drilling middle outlet mud oil field well, coal mine, various development wells, drilling well down-hole, well drilling detritus mud property are taken well head ground well out of.Several parameters of all mud of drilling process for many years, the hand measurement of choosing entirely.Mud displacement, proportion, viscosity change size (second).Do not have automatic continuous measurement instrument, mud balance uses " level gauge " to detect the well head MUD WT OUT in decades.Mud changes at any time in the drilling process, and mud is like the effect as people's blood in the drilling well.Mud property is well a lifeline in the drilling well.But three major parameters change with drilling progress in the drilling process.When drilling well enters the stratum water layer, oil reservoir, natural gas reservoir are arranged, mud property changes.Mud balance, viscosity are excessive too small not all right; To use the number of chemical agent; It is neither big nor small to adjust mud position performance proportion viscosity; Just suitable.It is good with proportion, viscosity performance to reach suitable drilling well fast and safely.

Drilling well a bite well, drilling well will be invested 8,000 ten thousand to 9,000 ten thousand yuan at Xinjiang region five km deep-wells.A bite well expense is quite huge, but a bite well mud expense accounts for 1/3rd expenses of this well.Drilling crew is furnished with 6-8 people of mud class, often handles that to adjust mud property, proportion, viscosity, discharge capacity neither big nor small.Dosage is big, very important person's raise more hogs and less hell.Very complicated with change technique on the mud property in the drilling well, ad hoc have special-purpose people's structure.The drilling mud performance is good, is to improve drilling well in the rapid drilling greatly to reduce cost, and accidents happened well, shortening exploration time

In Process of Oil Well Drilling, need regular trip-out, bore down, when making a trip, if mud balance is excessive, viscosity is excessive, sometimes well drilling tool hundreds of ton weight, drilling tool under the big weight, are difficult to control in pit shaft, driller people is careless slightly, drilling tool will be blocked, big accident well takes place, it is huge to cause damage.Even cause the bit freezing well many.The China whole nation has the machine of bench drill more than 4000 (drilling crew) annual because of bit freezing generation economic loss over ten billion dollar.Oil drilling team is a lot of money hole.Stifled discontented hollow place.Therefore it is quite important to develop oil drilling outlet mud displacement, proportion, viscosity.All team leaders of oil drilling team, engineer people.Manual proportion, viscosity, the displacement size surveyed of people's continuity arranged in the drilling well all the time everyday.In normally creeping into, to measure once a complete set of mud parameter in per 10-20 minutes.Very fast when drill footage, more want continuity to measure.The main rapid drilling of drilling well reduces drilling cost greatly.Mainly be to improve scientific drilling well, could reduce drilling cost greatly, an advanced drilling crew will save millions of units in 1 year.Say that above proving the drilling mud performance has very significance well.

Two, this technical design Fig. 1:

The continuous automatic measurement mud viscosity changes size, reaches oil drilling, and the camp boss observes the variation of well head mud property everyday in the development well of colliery.As the team leader of drilling crew, the technician will know that the well head mud property changes size.Instruct drilling well.Excessive as mud balance, viscosity, cause well generation lock of tool drilling easily.Viscosity is too high; Also the easiest generation bit freezing causes drilling well drilling bar to twist off.The drilling well drilling rod be from Japan, Germany, Russian import drilling rod is good expensive, so oil drilling is used the mud particular importance in the field produces development well.Research drilling well outlet mud displacement, proportion, viscosity are measured three parameters automatically.Just apply for a patent after trial-produceing successfully.The success of three major parameters of mud continuous automatic measurement, be domestic, abroad be provided with in the last hundred years and find out.In the CNPC from nineteen sixty-five to 2007 year, hundreds of platform on import English, moral, the U.S. three state's well logging instrument, flower is with more than 100 hundred million dollars altogether.Discharge capacity, proportion, viscosity continuous automatic measurement instrument are not arranged yet, and import well logging instrument does not have effect.Waste foreign exchange over ten billion dollar, and through the useless instrument of the long-term use in each oil field, the 30 or 40 years whole nation.

Three, on this plan, technical is good.Very advanced new technology, successful product.Make successful instrument from designing to, reach drilling well and produce suitable purpose.The apparatus structure essence is little, makes uncomplicatedly, and instrument is made success easily, and investment is little, and realizes that three functions carry out work simultaneously, and establishes usefulness (A, B mark to device) and made successfully, advances mud (mouth) and can cut off into mud (mouth) again.Want (19.19A day) to work, need with very clever words, speed is very fast, and accurate reliability is fine.And set up electricity consumption magnet ring you (20) and continue continuity work (19.19A) superiority.Because drilling time is very long.Want continuity not stop to measure viscosity.And establish with mud (12) and flow to bucket (7) lining mud (8) rising top ball float (9) rising apical grafting contact (10) connection electricity or the like second largest advantage.This method, accurate reliability is good.And set up electricity consumption magnet ring you (20) and continue continuity operating point (19.19A day) superiority.Because drilling time is very long.Want continuity not stop to measure viscosity.And establish with mud (12) and flow to bucket (7) lining mud (8) rising top ball float (9) rising.The third-largest advantages such as electricity are connected in apical grafting contact (10).This method is accurate, good reliability.Promptly adopt " the long height of water " principle.

Four, plan 1: it is to enter mud (12) to enter mud rising top, mud bucket (7) lining come-up pearl rising apical grafting contact (10) telecommunications input electromagnet that come-up pearl (9) rises.Electricity is arranged, the electromagnet active force (1.14).Pull bar (2) leave behind iron plate (4.5) moment emit the instantaneous bucket of bucket (7) lining mud (8) (7) lining mud when emitting full contact point (10) throw off no electric electromagnet (1) upper connecting rods (2) and return back to top back when getting on.Bucket (7) end, have sealing mat (6) not leak mud.Here repeat, because of ball float (9) descends, contact point (10) is thrown off does not just have telecommunications.Because of ball float (9) rising apical grafting contact (10) electricity when logical, the signal of telecommunication work for electromagnet (1.14) simultaneously, (21) computer instrument simultaneously, time speed.By advancing the decision of mud (12) speed.Like this, promptly contact point (10) is connected electricity, is promptly write down viscosity, writing time.Just in time be beginning when contact point (10) the disengagement time, promptly write down the mud viscosity time to begin.Both time starteds and telecommunications time are long-time for the mud viscosity of the needs in the design; Viscosity has been come out second.Automation connectivity record on the computer, mud viscosity size (second) purpose realizes.

Five, how to reach on this plan, drilling well outlet mud continuity is measured viscosity, change size? enter ten centimeters of mud tube diameters.The mud capacity is 3000 ml volumes volume sizes, depends on to enter the mud tube diameter.It is available that to advance mud variable mud tank size proportional.

(1) Fig. 1 upper floating ball (9) rises and does.Floating pearl is only realizes that mud viscosity measures mud in the drilling process automatically from drilling well, the drilling well continuity is crept into well, what down-hole slurry did not stop in creeping into enters the down-hole from well head, entering mud in the drilling well drilling bar, to go out 10-20 centimeters of hydrophthalmia 4-5 φ from shaft bottom, down-hole drill bit bigger, mud flows out outside the drill bit, also be outside the drilling well drilling bar, mud goes out well head from the drilling rod outer circulation, and we say that " well head mud " is exactly above-mentioned origin.Therefore drilling mud is the drilling well lifeline.Drilling well relies on mud property to change size entirely, mud property OK, be safe F.F. drilling well importance.Research purpose improves the drilling well economic effect, several hundred billion dollars of CNPC's drilling well annual whole nation investments, if the bit freezing well takes place, drilling well has five major break down wells to occur, and is that the major break down that is difficult to avoid has taken place.Be not the appearance sight accident that people imagined, the same train of accident in the drilling well, aircraft, automobile are identical.Therefore I was engaged in oil field existing more than 50 years.Have the ability to have studied successfully.The foreign affairs well prevents five major break downs, instrumental function.In say that 6 patents all do not have effect, good again patented technology has had Nai Hede without you?

(2) the automatic measurement of (Fig. 1) mud viscosity is world's drilling well difficulty in the design, the innovation science is from basic point, use liquid flow, liquid (mud) rises also to descend to establishing and uses the ball float principle, ball float is worked good with electricity, same electromagnet (1,14) produces the magnetic line of force, uses present technique and makes ball float (9) contact point (10) send the signal of telecommunication, makes in whole designs (Fig. 1) to come together to finish drilling mud and continues to measure viscosity automatically and change size (time).In the work of drilling well continuity is that Fig. 1 realizes.(to admit that core technology is the foreigner's technology entirely in China's drilling well in decades.Do not have Chinese to find out, core science and technology art is successfully used advanced technology in the mud drilling on the oil.Also there is the people recalcitrant.Speak with the fact, tell Chinese research and go out a scientific and technological successful product and bore 2008101328450 aboveground with oil.)

Drilling mud continuous automatic measurement (viscosity apparatus structure) Fig. 1 explanation is:

1, electromagnet 2, arm-tie 3, spring 4, iron plate 5, block mud-guard

6, anti-mud leaks mud 9, ball float 10, contact point in sealing mat 7, bucket 8, the bucket

11, advancing mud tube 12, mud 13, AB marks to device (B head) 14, electromagnet

15, pull bar 16, spring 17, A head turn to 18, AB steering column shaft 19, advance the mud eyelet

20, the electromagnetism ring you 21, in the signal of telecommunication input computer 22, power supply 23, double circuit line

Background technology:

This invention is that the mud balance instrument is surveyed in a kind of drilling well continuously automatically.Can both use drilling well, colliery development well, hydrogeologic prospecting engineering well.All can make and can use.Measure mud balance size variation new instrument.The whole nation 50 in the past few years uses " level gauge " to detect mud balance size, the hand-kept mud balance size of all choosing entirely.Per half an hour of every day manual measurement, one time twice proportion has been seen no change.See on the minute book team leader of drilling crew.Mud balance is excessive too small all not all right in the drilling process.Mud balance is excessive, kills oil reservoir in creeping into, the gas-bearing formation well, and after the completion, not fuel-displaced, the gas well of exploitation oil well gas well.Mud balance is too small, and downhole debris mud band does not go out well head, to ground.Also can cause drilling well to block drilling rod, twisting off drilling rod is that the import drilling rod is good expensive.The drilling mud performance is good and bad to be the lifeline of drilling well.The bad not Cheng Jing that bores of performance on mud displacement, proportion, the viscosity.Geological prospecting well in the drilling well, oil field development well are provided with and rationally use mud balance.Blowout takes place will add barite powder tons up to a hundred.Well-digging has the research mud scientific research people of specialized agency with mud.

This invention technology:

On the plan 2, mainly adopt the well head MUD WT OUT little, refinement fine powder mud in the clear water has plastic structure body thing to be mixed into mud, rationally use mud property.Light bores not Cheng Jing with clear water; The clear water band does not go out downhole debris and goes out well head ground, and downhole debris is too much, can cause the well card easily, the bit diameter that drilling well is used is bigger than drilling rod, drilling tool moves up and down in pit shaft, does not note slightly, will cause bit freezing, perhaps twisting off drilling well drilling bar is that the import drilling rod is good expensive, therefore drilling well newly develops the necessary property of continuous automatic measurement mud balance viscosity, the electric principle of ohm that adopts in the development, spring principle, both cooperatively interact, and flowing to the last mud of pipe (8) as well head mud (9) has slight pressure.Water also has slight little pressure, below spring (6) stretch under stretching and move along with top mud pressure.Be that spring (6) pressure is caught up with the face mud pressure, identical changing.

Here mainly make of the good spring material of miniature elastic, the spring of selecting for use (6) material can be made success.Generation is artificially wanting meticulous patience produce precision instrument, and make one handy.Sliding point (3) signal of telecommunication (1) is input into computer one (computer instrument) lining and writes down out the mud balance size automatically.Designed by the computer instrument, draw proportion (1:500 well log) curve map automatically, the team leader of drilling crew usefulness sees that curve comes into plain view.

Do on the new instrument casing, have antiaircraft air-flow moving, wind will influence mud and measure the proportion precision.Can regulate sensitivity before measuring, handy.The existing 4500 bench drill drilling team producing wells in the whole nation in the CNPC, the existing abroad machine of bench drill more than 500 work.Can both can use, abroad automatic measurement, proportion, the viscosity instrument that does not also have.Big good period.

Drilling mud continuous automatic measurement proportion apparatus structure figure description of drawings

Fig. 2 explanation is:

1, the signal of telecommunication is exported two-wire 2, solid wire 3, sliding telecommunications number 4, pillar plate 5, is moved up and down line

6, microsprings 7, movable pressing board 8, enter mud tube 9, flow in the mud tube from well head and spill out

One, design this invention technology:

Use is carried out continuous measurement mud displacement instrument at drilling well, colliery development well, hydrogeological engineering well, and new instrument uses in various drilling wells, can both be suitable for very strong.

Mainly drilling well outlet mud from ground big mud pit, inject the down-hole with big pump amount and return outlet, outflow well head mud displacement size.Generally mud displacement is little in drilling well at 100-250 atmospheric pressure (Pump pressure meter is arranged on the pipeline) with slush pump, drilling progress is very fast, the down-hole is bored fragmentary debris mud band and is not gone out well head, be easy to cause the bit freezing tool, use big pump for many years, big with the double pump mud displacement, single double pump number of stroke converses pumpage, and the such conversion of current drilling mud discharge capacity is come out.Have in the stratum when drilling well enters water outlet is how much not know, the development new instrument will accurately be measured well head outlet true displacement size.

Two, on the plan 3, be achieved like this, how much accurately measure water yield, current drilling well outlet mud has tens meters iron pipes of growing up (500-600 centimeters of φ), the very mild exit that flows there through of well head outlet mud enters vibrosieve, and this just in time will put the whole measuring instrument of Fig. 3, the actual starting point from the scene, there is human plate washer skill originally, lay the exit plate washer, the slurry flows exit, the mud concussion is very big, dash to such an extent that the inaccurate outlet of note mud displacement has been swung in plate washer vibration too big, failure.

Fig. 3 with mud ditch mud size rise should floating pearl rise (1) walk (7) and drive (7,7) with movable wheel (11) and rise with mud (2) top of rising, but (11) are more in light weight than (7,7) in the design, dividing plate is arranged in the contact point, energising no power (8,8) (9,9) (9,16) two lines, be with mud rise (2) write down the signal of telecommunication (14) and enters on the computer instrument record and export and rise actual displacement up and down.

Should (1) rise big or small like this, go up by separating different by (7,7) with (9,9), then rise with mud (2) (7,9), floating pearl (1) rises and makes (7,9) cause variation, change the identical change with well head outlet mud amount size like this, this design is handy through the well head actual tests, reaches drilling well well head outlet mud continuous measurement discharge capacity and realizes, also, succeed in developing the new mud displacement outlet size of trying through very difficult research.

Drilling mud continuous automatic measurement discharge capacity apparatus structure figure

Fig. 3 explanation is:

1, mud 3, mud ditch 4, instrument support 5 on mud come-up pearl 2, the groove, fix two block permanent magnet pieces

6, contact signal of telecommunication point 7, sectional drawing (7 diagram shape) 8, isolated green plate 9, copper coin

10, branch line moves up and down 11, drives electrical signals activity cylinder 12, moves rope 13, pulley 14, electricity be former

15, stretch and move down running rope 16, mobile solid wire

Claims (3)

1, oil drilling slurry continuous automatic measurement viscosity is characterized in that:

Plan 1 flows through pipe (11) at drilling well outlet mud (12) and enters bucket (7) lining mud (8) floating pearl (9) rising apical grafting contact (10), top that begins to rise and connect the signal of telecommunication and export and have three to be:

1. when entering computer (21), contact point (10) the connection signal of telecommunication remembers that by the computer instrument mud viscosity flow velocity time knot of going up ends;

2. connect the signal of telecommunication when contact point (10) and enter on two electromagnet (1,14) electro ultrafiltration is arranged, electromagnet (1) the instantaneous speed of iron plate (4,5) of leaving behind is emitted empty barrel of bucket (7) lining mud (8) no mud of bucket (8); Electromagnet (14) is pulled on (4B steering gear) A head and is rotated 15 degree (the B head does not rotate) well heads advance the enterprising clear water cleaning hose of mud hole (19) mating holes (19A) (11) lining mud; Like this, the A head cuts off into that mud (12) stops;

3. work as contact point (10) and throw off the no signal of telecommunication, the no electro ultrafiltration of two electromagnet (1,14), iron plate (4,5) does not spill mud to bucket (a 7) end sealing mat (6) on spring (3) top; The empty bucket of bucket (7) is waited for and is entered bucket (7) lining mud (8) by mud (12) to flow to the mud time be to begin the mud viscosity time of flowing to;

4. set up electricity fast you (20) for standby, long because of drilling time, when the AB steering gear is broken down, speed is with (20) assurance mud continuity measurement viscosity (directly advancing mud);

5. contingency AB steering gear and electromagnetism scarce fast you (20) all go wrong, directly from well head enter mud (12) enter bucket (7) lining mud (8) begin to rise the floating pearl (9) in top again apical grafting contact (10) connect the signal of telecommunication to enter on computer and two electromagnet continuity long, the continuous measurement viscosity time;

2, drilling well continuous automatic measurement mud balance is characterized in that:

On the plan 2, spread out of electrical signal line (1), single line (2) slides cusp (3), and bearing (4) moves up and down (5) line, and spring (6) is stretched under stretching and moved, and presses the utmost point (7), enters mud tube (8), enters mud (9) from well head, and this spline structure becomes whole instrument

3, drilling well continuous automatic measurement mud displacement is characterized in that:

On the plan 3, mud come-up pearl (1) mud (2) bottom land (3) (4) two magnet pieces of support (5) two-wire signal of telecommunication contact point has (7,9) completely cut off listrium (8,8) to move rope (10) and buttress movable iron block (11,12) pulleys (13) signal of telecommunication up and down and export (14), the high and low is put portable cord (15), connect signal of telecommunication root line (16), this spline structure becomes whole instrument.

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