CN101445400B - Surface treatment method for antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate - Google Patents
Surface treatment method for antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101445400B CN101445400B CN 200710190294 CN200710190294A CN101445400B CN 101445400 B CN101445400 B CN 101445400B CN 200710190294 CN200710190294 CN 200710190294 CN 200710190294 A CN200710190294 A CN 200710190294A CN 101445400 B CN101445400 B CN 101445400B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface treatment method for antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate. In the method, firstly, fused ammonium nitrate is granulated by a tower top to obtain the granulated fertilizer containing the ammonium nitrate, then the surface of the granulated fertilizer is coated with a liquid binding agent, and finally, the granulated fertilizer is coated and enwrapped with solid powder consisting of firming agent and powdering agent, so that the surface treatment for antiknocking and modifying the granulated fertilizer containing the ammonium nitrate is finished. Under the interaction of the binding agent, the firming agent and the powdering agent, the invention improves the antiknock performance of agricultural ammonium nitrate greatly to achieve the requirement of the standard of WJ-9050-2006 agricultural ammonium nitrate antiknock performance test method and judgement. The granulated fertilizer containing the ammonium nitrate is subject to the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment after the fused ammonium nitrate is granulated, thereby causing no influence on the matured ammonium nitrate granulating technology, not reducing the production capacity of an ammonium nitrate prilling tower and causing no potential safety hazard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the surface treatment method of the aniknock technology of ammonium nitrate, particularly a kind of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate.
Background technology
Ammonium nitrate is a kind of material with weak oxide, and has blast characteristics after suitable combustible agent simply mixes, and is one of main raw material of industrial explosive; Contain the ammonium nitrogen of negative 3 valencys and the nitric nitrogen of positive 5 valencys in its molecular structure, can satisfy the crop different growing stage to the demand of nutrient, thereby be again a kind of high-quality nitrogenous fertilizer, obtained increasingly extensive use in agricultural.If the lawless person makes explosive with fertilizer with the ammonium nitrate private, to bring serious potential safety hazard to society, therefore, Chinese Government has issued and implemented compulsory standard WJ-9050-2006 " agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance testing method and judgement " in February, 2006, fertilizer must carry out modification with ammonium nitrate, can allow production and selling after the antiknock that reaches this standard requires.
For solving the antiknock problem of ammonium nitrate, need to add therein various additives, be referred to as octane promoter, the antiknock dope that adopts such as Chinese patent application 03117288.1 mainly is the chemical fertilizer commonly used such as monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate and vitriolate of tartar, and other has the additives such as trimeric cyanamide, tricyanic acid, rhombspar, talcum powder; Chinese patent application 200410078862.2 adopts the mixture of calcium carbonate and magnesiumcarbonate as octane promoter.The production process of granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate is: octane promoter evenly mixes with the ammonium nitrate of melting first, then by specific prilling spry, material is with the prilling tower top free-falling of slip state from certain altitude, cooled dehydrated progressively in the process that falls becomes the solid particulate state after at the bottom of falling tower.In order to reach the purpose that weakens or eliminate the Explosion of Ammonium Nitrate characteristic, the adding proportion of octane promoter is higher, generally more than 15% (weight percent, lower same).The adding of a large amount of octane promoters causes the Slurries material to be difficult to timely cooling in dropping process, is not easy to obtain solid particulate fertilizer; The fusing point of ammonium nitrate is 169.9 ℃, and the adding of octane promoter easily causes ammonium nitrate fused solution cooling crystallize out, and then stops up prilling spry, is unfavorable for serialization scale operation particle ammonium nitrate; The height of ammonium nitrate prilling tower is tens of rice, and it is extremely inconvenient that the solid octane promoter is transported to cat head.Therefore, the production technique that adds octane promoter in the ammonium nitrate fused solution implements relatively difficulty, and is larger in the ammonium nitrate prilling tower difficulty below 60 meters to virtual height.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind of the ammonium nitrate fertilizer that contains after the granulation is carried out the surface-treated method, make agricultural ammonium nitrate reach the antiknock requirement.
The technical solution that realizes the object of the invention is: a kind of surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, at first obtain containing the granulated fertilizer of ammonium nitrate after the granulation of ammonium nitrate melt process cat head, then at surface spraying one deck liquid-containing binder of granulated fertilizer, the pressed powder that is comprised of solidifying agent and applying medicinal powder is wrapped up at last coating, thereby finishes the surface treatment of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate.
In the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention, binding agent is that urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the sulfuric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, urea and water; Perhaps binding agent is that urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the phosphoric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of Ureaphil, urea and water; Perhaps urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the mixing acid of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, urea and water.
In the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention, solidifying agent is various alkaline matters and composition thereof, and various alkaline matters are ammonia, calcic alkaline matter, contain the potash material, contain the soda material, contain magnesium alkaline matter or other carbonate alkaline matters.
In the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention, applying medicinal powder is phosphoric acid salt material, talcum powder, kaolin, diatomite, titanium dioxide or wilkinite.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is: (1) granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate surface after moulding, at first spray one deck liquid-containing binder, then the pressed powder that is comprised of solidifying agent and applying medicinal powder is wrapped up in coating, and the surface treatment of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate is namely accused and finished.Under the acting in conjunction of binding agent, solidifying agent and applying medicinal powder, the capability of antidetonance of agricultural ammonium nitrate improves greatly, reaches the requirement of WJ-9050-2006 " agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance testing method and judgement " standard.(2) after the ammonium nitrate granulation of melting is finished, granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate is carried out the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment, do not affect ripe ammonium nitrate granulation process, do not reduce ammonium nitrate granulation output of column, do not have potential safety hazard.(3) binding agent, solidifying agent and applying medicinal powder wide material sources can guarantee stable supply; Cheap, comprehensive cost is lower than ammonium nitrate; Environment is not produced pollution, be conducive to the growth of farm crop.(4) antiknock effect highly significant, for the situation of simply granulated fertilizer and combustible agent oil being mixed the product of making explosive substances, combustible agent must with the ammonium nitrate close contact after just have blast characteristics, because the present invention has formed the integument of one deck densification on the granulated fertilizer surface, combustible agent oil is difficult to be penetrated in the ammonium nitrate, thereby can't make explosive article.(5) for granulated fertilizer being worn into the situation of mixing the product of making explosive substances behind the fine powder with combustible agent, in the process that granulated fertilizer grinds, urea in the binding agent of the present invention is with after ammonium nitrate evenly mixes, have strong water absorbing properties, also can capture airborne moisture even relative humidity is lower than 21%; In the process that granulated fertilizer grinds, the water that contains in the binding agent, urea and ammonium nitrate mixture that the water that solidifying agent and ammonium nitrate and binding agent reaction produce all can be had strong water sorption absorb, formed ammonium nitrate-urea-water mixture is difficult to remove wherein moisture by the method for baking, even more toast, the moisture that absorbs from air is more, and the explosive with the ammonium nitrate Illegal fabrication can not be detonated owing to the existence of moisture like this, thereby reaches the antiknock requirement.(6) urea can effectively be removed in the detonation wave stage of growth has the oxynitrides (NOx) of katalysis to detonation reaction, thereby has the antiknock effect.Other material in binding agent, solidifying agent and the applying medicinal powder does not participate in explosive reaction, as inert diluent certain anti-detonation is arranged also.(7) when scale operation contains the granulated fertilizer of ammonium nitrate, do not need each fertiliser granulates surface is applied parcel fully, as long as most particle surfaces partly apply parcel binding agent, octane promoter and solidifying agent, perhaps a few granules surface applies parcel fully, and binding agent of the present invention and solidifying agent just can reduce or eliminate fully the possibility that granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate illegally is used as the explosive article raw material.(8) produce too much dust in the time of can preventing from processing fertilizer, do not affect the intensity of fertiliser granulates, can also improve the agglomeration preventing performance of granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the schema of the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention.
Embodiment
By reference to the accompanying drawings, the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention, at first obtain containing the granulated fertilizer of ammonium nitrate after the granulation of ammonium nitrate melt process cat head, then at surface spraying one deck liquid-containing binder of granulated fertilizer, quantity for spray is decided on bond effect, both guaranteed that there was a certain amount of binding agent on the granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate surface, and be unlikely to again particle and bond agglomerating fully; The pressed powder that is comprised of solidifying agent and applying medicinal powder is wrapped up at last coating, thereby finishes the surface treatment of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, with the ammonium nitrate granule fertilizer packing moulding behind the coating parcel.In the above-mentioned treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, the content of binding agent is 5%～20%, and the content of solidifying agent is 5%～30%, and the content of applying medicinal powder is 0～25%, and the content of ammonium nitrate is 50%～85%, and content all is mass percent.The material that plays anti-detonation is urea and water, comprises the water of water in the binding agent and solidifying agent and binding agent or the generation of ammonium nitrate generation chemical reaction.
Wherein, the granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention is pure ammonium nitrate granule or contains Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide, contains the ammonium nitrate granule fertilizer of magnesium or calcic; The finished product are that all granulated fertilizers all pass through antiknocking and modifying surface-treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, or part is not passed through antiknocking and modifying surface-treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate mixture blended together through antiknocking and modifying surface treatment and part.
In the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention, the effect of binding agent is to make the granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate surface have viscosity in order to the pressed powder that bonds, and makes bonded powder not be sized out; The effect of solidifying agent is to lose cohesiveness after liquid-containing binder is solidified, and prevents that particle ammonium nitrate from forming piece at the packing bag inner panel; The effect of applying medicinal powder is the free-running property that guarantees product.Binding agent, solidifying agent and applying medicinal powder all have the effect of octane promoter, the glassware for drinking water that the urea that particularly contains in the binding agent and water and solidifying agent and binding agent or ammonium nitrate generation chemical reaction produce has significant anti-detonation, thereby the capability of antidetonance of agricultural ammonium nitrate is increased substantially, reach the requirement of WJ-9050-2006 " agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance testing method and judgement " standard.
The binding agent of the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention is that urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the sulfuric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, urea and water; Perhaps binding agent is that urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the phosphoric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of Ureaphil, urea and water; Perhaps urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the mixing acid of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, urea and water.In the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, urea and water, perhaps in the mixture of Ureaphil, urea and water, perhaps in the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, urea and water, the content mass percent of water is 0.2%～20%.Preparation technology's temperature of binding agent is 0 ℃～120 ℃, because ureasulfuric acid and Ureaphil are presenting free flowable liquid state below 120 ℃.As long as the mol ratio of the mixing acid that urea and sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid form is greater than 1, its mixture can be as binding agent.
The solidifying agent of the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention is various alkaline matters and composition thereof, includes but not limited to that various alkaline matters are ammonia, calcic alkaline matter, contain the potash material, contain the soda material, contain magnesium alkaline matter or other carbonate alkaline matters.As:
Calcic alkaline matter: calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, Calcium hydrogen carbonate, calcium oxide, Calucium Silicate powder;
Contain the potash material: potassium hydroxide, salt of wormwood, saleratus, potassium silicate;
Contain the soda material: yellow soda ash, sodium bicarbonate, water glass;
Contain the magnesium alkaline matter: magnesium hydroxide, magnesiumcarbonate, Magnesium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium oxide;
Other carbonate alkaline matters: bicarbonate of ammonia, volatile salt, zinc carbonate.
The applying medicinal powder of the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate of the present invention is phosphoric acid salt material, talcum powder, kaolin, diatomite, titanium dioxide or wilkinite etc., be that applying medicinal powder comprises the phosphoric acid salt material, such as phosphoric acid salt: ammonium phosphate, secondary calcium phosphate, calcium phosphate, potassiumphosphate, trimagnesium phosphate, tertiary iron phosphate, ammonium ferric phosphate, zinc phosphate, Calcium Pyrophosphate, calcium superphosphate, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ground phosphate rock, thomas phosphate; The inert substance that does not perhaps react with ammonium nitrate and binding agent is such as talcum powder, kaolin, diatomite, titanium dioxide, wilkinite.
The principle of solidification of the present invention is: the alkaline matter generation acid-base neutralisation reaction in the sulfuric acid in the binding agent (comprising the sulfuric acid in the ureasulfuric acid) and phosphoric acid (comprising the phosphoric acid in the Ureaphil) and the solidifying agent, be formed on and be the vitriol of solid and phosphoric acid salt below 120 ℃, thereby produce solidification effect.As follows as the reaction of solidifying agent and sulfuric acid with calcium carbonate:
The following examples can make the present invention of those skilled in the art comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
Proportioning raw materials is:
Pure particle ammonium nitrate: 80%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and sulfuric acid, 12.5%; Solidifying agent: calcium carbonate, 5%; Applying medicinal powder: talcum powder, 2.5%.
The antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate may further comprise the steps:
1, the preparation of binding agent: in 500ml glass reaction still, add successively 12.2g water and 100g concentration and be 98% the vitriol oil, start stirring, evenly add lentamente 600g urea, the control heat-up rate makes that the temperature of material in reactor is the highest to be no more than 130 ℃, 110 ℃～120 ℃ insulations, make that to be liquid state for subsequent use, above proportioning, the mol ratio of urea and sulfuric acid is 10: 1, the moisture content in the binding agent is 2%;
2, the vial that is 2L with 2000g particle ammonium nitrate and volume heats in 70 ℃～75 ℃ baking oven and is incubated 1 hour, and is for subsequent use;
3, the binding agent of weighing 250g step 1 preparation and the 1600g temperature particle ammonium nitrate that is 70 ℃～75 ℃ is poured in the 2L vial through insulation successively, mixes, and makes evenly coating one layer binder of particle ammonium nitrate surface;
4, weighing 100g calcium carbonate powders is poured in the vial of step 3, makes it to mix with the particle ammonium nitrate that is coated with binding agent;
5, weighing 50g talcum powder is poured in the vial of step 4, and the particle ammonium nitrate behind the coating parcel is applied powder, and the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate is namely accused and finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate that the surperficial antiknock of above process is processed has good free-running property, and granule strength does not have to descend substantially, and nitrogen content satisfies the requirement that as fertilizer sources uses more than 32%.
Above treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, when detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
In the present embodiment, substitute calcium carbonate as solidifying agent with other calcic alkaline matters, perhaps substitute talcum powder as applying medicinal powder with other inert powders, have equally above-mentioned effect.
Embodiment 2
Proportioning raw materials is:
Pure particle ammonium nitrate: 50%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and sulfuric acid, 20%; Solidifying agent: salt of wormwood, 17.5%; Applying medicinal powder: primary ammonium phosphate, 12.5%.
The antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate may further comprise the steps:
1, the preparation of binding agent: adding 50g concentration is 98% the vitriol oil in 500ml glass reaction still, start stirring, evenly add lentamente 200g urea, the control heat-up rate, make that the temperature of material in reactor is the highest to be no more than 130 ℃, until urea dissolve fully complete after, add successively again 50g oleum and 200g urea, 110 ℃～120 ℃ insulations, make that to be liquid state for subsequent use, above proportioning, the mol ratio of urea and sulfuric acid is 6.6: 1, the moisture content in the binding agent is 0.2%;
2, the insulation of particle ammonium nitrate and vial is with embodiment 1;
3, the binding agent of weighing 200g step 1 preparation and the 1000g temperature particle ammonium nitrate that is 70 ℃～75 ℃ is poured in the 2L vial through insulation successively, mixes, and makes evenly coating one layer binder of particle ammonium nitrate surface;
4, weighing 175g potassium carbonate powder is poured in the vial of step 3, makes it to mix with the particle ammonium nitrate that is coated with binding agent;
5, weighing 125g primary ammonium phosphate powder is poured in the vial of step 4, and the particle ammonium nitrate behind the coating parcel is applied powder, and finishes the coating first time parcel to particle ammonium nitrate;
6, the binding agent of weighing 200g step 1 preparation is at the above-mentioned for the first time even coating of particle ammonium nitrate surface one layer binder of coating parcel that carried out;
7, repeating step 4 and step 5, the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate is namely accused and is finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate that the surperficial antiknock of above process is processed has good free-running property, and granule strength not have to descend substantially, and nitrogen content is more than 26%, and contains a certain amount of potassium oxide and Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, satisfies the requirement of as fertilizer sources use.
Above treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, when detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
In the present embodiment, contain the potash material with other and substitute salt of wormwood as solidifying agent, perhaps substitute primary ammonium phosphate as applying medicinal powder with other phosphoric acid salt, have equally above-mentioned effect.
Embodiment 3
Proportioning raw materials is:
Pure particle ammonium nitrate: 85%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and sulfuric acid, 10%; Solidifying agent: magnesiumcarbonate, 5%.
The antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate may further comprise the steps:
1, the preparation of binding agent: with embodiment 1;
2, the insulation of particle ammonium nitrate and vial is with embodiment 1;
3, the binding agent of weighing 200g step 1 preparation and the 1700g temperature particle ammonium nitrate that is 70 ℃～75 ℃ is poured in the 2L vial through insulation successively, mixes, and makes evenly coating one layer binder of particle ammonium nitrate surface;
4, weighing 100g magnesiumcarbonate powder is poured in the vial of step 3, makes it to mix with the particle ammonium nitrate that is coated with binding agent, and the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate is namely accused and finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate that the surperficial antiknock of above process is processed has good free-running property, and granule strength not have to descend substantially, and nitrogen content is more than 33%, and a certain amount of magnesium elements is arranged, and satisfies the requirement of as fertilizer sources use.
Above treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, when detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
In the present embodiment, contain the magnesium alkaline matter with other and substitute magnesiumcarbonate as solidifying agent, have equally above-mentioned effect.
Embodiment 4
Proportioning raw materials is:
Pure particle ammonium nitrate: 50%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid, 20%; Solidifying agent: magnesium oxide, 30%.
The antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate may further comprise the steps:
1, the preparation of binding agent: water, the 116g concentration that adds successively 48.8g in 500ml glass reaction still is that 85% phosphoric acid and 100g concentration are 98% sulfuric acid, start stirring, evenly add lentamente 66g urea, the control heat-up rate makes that the temperature of material in reactor is the highest to be no more than 130 ℃, is incubated in 0 ℃ ice-water bath, make that to be liquid state for subsequent use, above proportioning, the mol ratio of urea and phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid mixing acid is 1.1: 1, moisture content 20%;
2, the vial that is 2L with 2000g particle ammonium nitrate and volume heats in 90 ℃～100 ℃ baking oven and is incubated 1 hour, and is for subsequent use;
3, the binding agent of weighing 200g step 1 preparation, weighing 1000g temperature are that 90 ℃～100 ℃ particle ammonium nitrate is poured into successively through in the 2L vial that is incubated, and mix, and make evenly coating one layer binder of particle ammonium nitrate surface;
4, weighing 300g magnesium oxide is poured in the vial of step 3, makes it to mix with the particle ammonium nitrate that is coated with binding agent, finishes the coating first time parcel to particle ammonium nitrate;
5, the binding agent of weighing 200g step 1 preparation is at the above-mentioned for the first time even coating of particle ammonium nitrate surface one layer binder of coating parcel that carried out;
6, repeating step 4, finish the coating second time parcel to particle ammonium nitrate, and the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate is namely accused and finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate that the surperficial antiknock of above process is processed has good free-running property, and granule strength does not have to descend substantially, and nitrogen content contains a certain amount of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES and magnesium elements simultaneously more than 19%, satisfies the requirement that as fertilizer sources uses.
Above treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, when detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
In the present embodiment, contain the magnesium alkaline matter with other and substitute magnesium oxide as solidifying agent, have equally above-mentioned effect.
Embodiment 5
Proportioning raw materials is:
Pure particle ammonium nitrate: 50%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and phosphoric acid, 12.5%; Solidifying agent: yellow soda ash, 12.5%; Applying medicinal powder: primary ammonium phosphate, 25%.
The antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate may further comprise the steps:
1, the preparation of binding agent: adding 6g water and 100g concentration are 85% phosphoric acid in 500ml glass reaction still, start stirring, evenly add lentamente 104g urea, the control heat-up rate makes that the temperature of material in reactor is the highest to be no more than 130 ℃, 50 ℃～60 ℃ insulations, make that to be liquid state for subsequent use, above proportioning, the mol ratio of urea and phosphoric acid are 2: 1, moisture content 10%;
2, the insulation of particle ammonium nitrate and vial is with embodiment 1;
3, the binding agent of weighing 250g step 1 preparation and the 1000g temperature particle ammonium nitrate that is 70 ℃～75 ℃ is poured in the 2L vial through insulation successively, mixes, and makes evenly coating one layer binder of particle ammonium nitrate surface;
4, weighing 250g powdered sodium carbonate is poured in the vial of step 3, makes it to mix with the particle ammonium nitrate that is coated with binding agent;
5, weighing 500g primary ammonium phosphate is poured in the vial of step 4, and the particle ammonium nitrate behind the coating parcel is applied powder, and the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate is namely accused and finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate that the surperficial antiknock of above process is processed has good free-running property, and granule strength does not have to descend substantially, and nitrogen content contains the Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES more than 12% simultaneously more than 22%, satisfies the requirement that as fertilizer sources uses.
Above treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, when detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
In the present embodiment, contain the soda material with other and substitute yellow soda ash as solidifying agent, perhaps substitute primary ammonium phosphate as applying medicinal powder with other phosphoric acid salt, have equally above-mentioned effect.
Embodiment 6
Proportioning raw materials is:
Pure particle ammonium nitrate: 67.5%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and phosphoric acid, 5%; Solidifying agent: bicarbonate of ammonia, 15%; Applying medicinal powder: primary ammonium phosphate, 12.5%.
The antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate may further comprise the steps:
1, the preparation of binding agent: with embodiment 5;
2, the insulation of particle ammonium nitrate and vial is with embodiment 1;
3, the binding agent of weighing 100g step 1 preparation and the 1350g temperature particle ammonium nitrate that is 70 ℃～75 ℃ is poured in the 2L vial through insulation successively, mixes, and makes evenly coating one layer binder of particle ammonium nitrate surface;
4, weighing 300g bicarbonate of ammonia powder is poured in the vial of step 3, makes it to mix with the particle ammonium nitrate that is coated with binding agent;
5, weighing 250g primary ammonium phosphate is poured in the vial of step 4, and the particle ammonium nitrate behind the coating parcel is applied powder, and the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate is namely accused and finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate that the surperficial antiknock of above process is processed has good free-running property, and granule strength does not have to descend substantially, and nitrogen content contains a certain amount of Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES simultaneously more than 26%, satisfies the requirement that as fertilizer sources uses.
Above treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, when detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
In the present embodiment, substitute bicarbonate of ammonia as solidifying agent with other carbonate alkalescence materials, perhaps substitute primary ammonium phosphate as applying medicinal powder with other phosphoric acid salt, have equally above-mentioned effect.
Embodiment 7
Proportioning raw materials is:
Pure particle ammonium nitrate: 75%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and sulfuric acid, 12%; Solidifying agent: 4% Calucium Silicate powder and 1% ammonia; Applying medicinal powder: primary ammonium phosphate, 8%.
The antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate may further comprise the steps:
1, the preparation of binding agent: adding 100g concentration is 98% the vitriol oil in 500ml glass reaction still, start stirring, evenly add lentamente 240g urea, the control heat-up rate makes that the temperature of material in reactor is the highest to be no more than 130 ℃, 90 ℃～95 ℃ insulations, make that to be liquid state for subsequent use, above proportioning, the mol ratio of urea and sulfuric acid are 4: 1, moisture content 0.6%;
2, the insulation of particle ammonium nitrate and vial is with embodiment 1;
3, the binding agent of weighing 240g step 1 preparation and the 1500g temperature particle ammonium nitrate that is 70 ℃～75 ℃ is poured in the 2L vial through insulation successively, mixes, and makes evenly coating one layer binder of particle ammonium nitrate surface;
4, weighing 80g Calucium Silicate powder powder is poured in the vial of step 3, makes it to mix with the particle ammonium nitrate that is coated with binding agent;
5, weighing 160g primary ammonium phosphate is poured in the vial of step 4, to the processing of applying powder of the particle ammonium nitrate behind the coating parcel;
6, the ammonia take 13.2L pressure as 0.2MPa purges the material in the above-mentioned vial, and the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate is namely accused and finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate that the surperficial antiknock of above process is processed has good free-running property, and granule strength does not have to descend substantially, and nitrogen content satisfies the requirement that as fertilizer sources uses more than 31%.
When detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
In the present embodiment, substitute Calucium Silicate powder as solidifying agent with other calcic alkaline matters, perhaps substitute primary ammonium phosphate as applying medicinal powder with other phosphoric acid salt materials, have equally above-mentioned effect.
Embodiment 8
Proportioning raw materials is:
The particle ammonium nitrate that contains Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES: 85%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and sulfuric acid, 8%; Solidifying agent: calcium carbonate, 7%.
The particle ammonium nitrate that contains Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES is a kind of nitro-compound fertilizer of tower granulation, in the melting process of ammonium nitrate, add primary ammonium phosphate etc. and contained phosphatic manure, but its anti-knocking property do not reach the requirement of WJ9050-2006 " method and the judgement thereof of the test of the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance " standard yet, and the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment may further comprise the steps:
1, the preparation of binding agent is with embodiment 7;
2, the insulation of particle ammonium nitrate and vial is with embodiment 1;
3, the binding agent of weighing 160g step 1 preparation and the 1700g temperature phosphorous particle ammonium nitrate that is 70 ℃～75 ℃ is poured in the 2L vial through insulation successively, mixes, and makes evenly coating one layer binder of phosphorous particle ammonium nitrate surface;
4, weighing 140g calcium carbonate powders is poured in the vial of step 3, makes it to mix with the particle ammonium nitrate that is coated with binding agent, and the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate is namely accused and finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate that the surperficial antiknock of above process is processed has good free-running property, and granule strength does not have to descend substantially, and total nutrient content can satisfy the requirement that as fertilizer sources uses more than 30%.
Above treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, when detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
Substitute the particle ammonium nitrate that contains Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES with the particle ammonium nitrate fertilizer that contains potassium oxide, have equally above-mentioned effect.
Embodiment 9
Proportioning raw materials is:
Pure particle ammonium nitrate: 75%; Binding agent: the mixture of urea and sulfuric acid, 10%; Solidifying agent: salt of wormwood, 8.8%; Applying medicinal powder: primary ammonium phosphate, 6.2%.
The antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of particle ammonium nitrate may further comprise the steps:
1, the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment of 1000g particle ammonium nitrate is with embodiment 2;
2, after the ammonium nitrate granule fertilizer that 1000g is pure and step 1 were mixed through antiknocking and modifying surface-treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, the antiknocking and modifying surface treatment was namely accused and is finished.
The particle ammonium nitrate of more than processing through antiknock has good free-running property, and granule strength not have to descend substantially, and nitrogen content is more than 30%, and contains a certain amount of potassium oxide and Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, can satisfy the requirement of as fertilizer sources use.
Above granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, just there is the part particle to process through surperficial antiknock, when detecting according to the standard of WJ9050-2006 " the agricultural ammonium nitrate capability of antidetonance test method and judgement thereof ", prepared accurate explosive sample moisture absorption anti-caking is more serious, reaches the antiknock requirement.
Claims (5)
1. the surface treatment method of an antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, it is characterized in that: the granulated fertilizer that at first obtains containing ammonium nitrate after the granulation of ammonium nitrate melt process cat head, then at surface spraying one deck liquid-containing binder of granulated fertilizer, the pressed powder that is comprised of solidifying agent and applying medicinal powder is wrapped up at last coating, thereby finishes the surface treatment of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate;
Described granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate is pure ammonium nitrate granule or contains Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES or contain magnesium or the ammonium nitrate granule fertilizer of calcic or potassium oxide; The finished product are that all granulated fertilizers all pass through antiknocking and modifying surface-treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, or part is not passed through antiknocking and modifying surface-treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate mixture blended together through antiknocking and modifying surface treatment and part; Binding agent is that urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the sulfuric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, urea and water; Perhaps binding agent is that urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the phosphoric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of Ureaphil, urea and water; Perhaps urea is dissolved in formed mixture in the mixing acid of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, and namely this mixture is the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, urea and water; Solidifying agent is various alkaline matters and composition thereof, and various alkaline matters are ammonia, calcic alkaline matter, contain the potash material, contain the soda material, contain magnesium alkaline matter or other carbonate alkaline matters; Applying medicinal powder is phosphoric acid salt material, talcum powder, kaolin, diatomite, titanium dioxide or wilkinite; In the treated granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate, the content of binding agent is 5%～20%, and the content of solidifying agent is 5%～30%, and the content of applying medicinal powder is 0～25%, and the content of ammonium nitrate is 50%～85%, and content all is mass percent.
2. the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mol ratio of the mixing acid that urea and sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid form is greater than 1.
3. the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, urea and water, perhaps in the mixture of Ureaphil, urea and water, perhaps in the mixture of ureasulfuric acid, Ureaphil, urea and water, the content mass percent of water is 0.2%～20%.
4. the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: preparation technology's temperature of binding agent is 0 ℃～120 ℃.
5. the surface treatment method of antiknocking and modifying granulated fertilizer containing ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material that plays anti-detonation is urea and water, comprises the water of water in the binding agent and solidifying agent and binding agent or the generation of ammonium nitrate generation chemical reaction.
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| NO341345B1 (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2017-10-16 | Yara Int Asa | Process for limiting the use of an ammonium nitrate fertilizer precursor to an explosive and composition thereof |
| NO342195B1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2018-04-16 | Yara Int Asa | Process for providing an inorganic coating on ammonium nitrate based particles |
| CN104130043B (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2016-08-17 | 云南禄丰勤攀磷化工有限公司 | A kind of method of modifying of granular superphosphate surface coating layer |
| CN104355809A (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-02-18 | 江苏丽港科技有限公司 | Special antidetonant for nitro composite fertilizer and preparation method of special antidetonant |
| CN104649826A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-27 | 山西大学 | Method for preparing anti-caking slow-release fertilizer from magnesium slag |
| CN105001023B (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2018-01-16 | 吉林云天化农业发展有限公司 | Ureasulfuric acid coated carbamide sustained-release granular fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107337553A (en) * | 2016-05-01 | 2017-11-10 | 湘潭建联丰禾生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of compound trace element fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106083281A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-11-09 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method containing organic Novel nitrate nitrogen fertilizer or nitro-compound fertilizer |
| CN108358680A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-03 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | The micro- anti-dusting type phosphate fertilizer coating method of moisture-proof anti-caking in a kind of addition |
| CN108203350A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-06-26 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | The anti-dusting type granulated fertilizer coating method of micro moisture-proof anti-caking in a kind of addition |
| CN108424235A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-08-21 | 深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司 | Coating type organic nitrates ammonium calcium granulated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110357713A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-22 | 安徽海祥新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of ammonium nitrate fertilizer powder anticaking agent and preparation method thereof with explosion prevention function |
| CN110963840A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-07 | 中化农业生态科技(湖北)有限公司 | High-strength compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111499463A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-07 | 黑龙江实力农业肥料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of drying-free fertilizer |
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