CN101441675B - Communication path building method based on city underground structures - Google Patents
Communication path building method based on city underground structures Download PDFInfo
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- CN101441675B CN101441675B CN2008102072263A CN200810207226A CN101441675B CN 101441675 B CN101441675 B CN 101441675B CN 2008102072263 A CN2008102072263 A CN 2008102072263A CN 200810207226 A CN200810207226 A CN 200810207226A CN 101441675 B CN101441675 B CN 101441675B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of the application of information technology, in particular to a connected path establishment method which can be used within the development and construction range of underground space and is based on city underground structures. A device is provided with three-dimensional spatial data of underground structures, a geographic spatial database, computer hardware equipment and CAD or GIS software environment capable of supporting and modeling. The method extends the path analysis to the connectivity analysis of the underground structures, and realizes the channel design of path sections and path nodes through inner body type, path integration, parameter design, path drawing and so on; and the method mainly solves related technical problems of the organization and establishment of routes in the underground structures and so on. The method has the advantages that the method has the objectivity and universal applicability to the establishment of the paths of the underground structures, can establish the connection relation inside the underground structures or among the underground structures, and ensure that the establishment work of a path network becomes effective and flexible, and produced path data can meet the analysis requirement of the connectivity and can also meet the application requirement of path visualization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of IT application, refer to a kind of realization that underground space development is built scope that can be used for especially based on the communication path building method of city underground structures.
Background technology
Continuous development along with the urbanization construction, land resource reduces day by day, the scope of development ﹠ construction has been included the construction of the underground space in increasing city, underground traffic, underground commercial center, underground garage, underground recreational facilities, underground office space, all originally were based upon ground building and all may build in underground.And in order to improve the usefulness of utilizing of the underground space, increasing underground structure adopts the construction mode of unified planning, has set up interconnected passage between mutually, as subway station and market place builet below the ground, and underground commercial building and underground garage.Different with the buildings on ground, the path of underground installation is the unique selection that personnel pass in and out.In case meet accident, in the especially large-scale underground complex, personnel's escape and withdraw and can need current analysis and guide.Thus, the problem that the path is set up in the underground structure is proposed.
For a long time, the calculating in path is mainly used on network and the roadnet, can carry out the analysis of the shortest and active path on this basis, begs till the present the content that Shang Weiyou extends path analysis to analyze to the connective path network of underground structure.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned weak point, fundamental purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind of method of setting up the communication path network in underground structure inside, promptly propose and designed path network foundation and expression way that a kind of suitable underground space communication paths is analyzed, by path analysis being extended to the connectivity analysis of underground structure, set up the complete trails of underground structure, i.e. path network; By classifying and dividing being carried out in the inner space based on application characteristic, in the local space of classification, set up path network earlier, again the local space path network is integrated into whole path network, make it both to be applicable to single underground structure, also be applicable to the communication path building method based on city underground structures of a plurality of interconnective underground structures.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: the tissue that mainly solves path in the underground structure is set up, comprising: the three dimensions figure in path, the attributive character in path regulation and the relevant technologies problems such as path data database data that can be used for analyzing.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: the foundation of path network is to liking the basement of subway station, underground parking, market place builet below the ground, skyscraper in the underground structure, and other kinds be built in underground, can for artificial do, the structures of playground.
A kind of communication path building method based on city underground structures, this method is carried out short and the most effective path analysis on the calculating basis in network and roadnet path; This method is utilized geographic information system technology, three-dimensional geographic space position, with the path abstract be geometric Points And lines section, form three-dimensional space vectors figure, add attributive character at the vector graphics key element, finally form the path network data; This method is set up path network earlier by based on application characteristic classifying and dividing being carried out in the inner space in the local space of classification, again the local space path network is integrated into whole path network; This method is in the notion of figure, and network is undirected complete graph, and data characteristics has the summit couple and has the limit of power, writes down the limit number of each summit association, and underground structure communication path network is to set up the relation on summit, limit, summit and limit, the work of weights; This method extends path analysis to the connectivity analysis of underground structure,, parameter designing integrated, path expansion, path drawing and path analysis by endosome type, path design, path, realizing route section and path node channels designs, and by the synthetic communication path network of the inner track of each underground structure; The concrete job step that this underground structure path network is set up is:
Each underground structure inside is divided into the endosome of three types by structure and purposes:
A. terminal type endosome: refer to the target usage space of underground structure, plane configuration has door to be isolated from the outside, and is in a flat seam based on rectangle or approximate rectangular;
B. corridor type endosome: refer to play in the underground structure space of corridor effect, the plane configuration complexity can be connected with a plurality of terminal endosomes with the communicate-type endosome simultaneously, and be in a flat seam;
C. communicate-type endosome: in underground structure, play the effect that is communicated with the levels space, mainly refer to the track of escalator, staircase and underground garage;
Step 2. gateway numbering
Execute after internal sorting divides module, then enter gateway numbering module, unique number is carried out in the gateway between endosome and the endosome, between endosome and the outside;
The step that step 3. endosome path is set up is:
After executing gateway numbering module, then enter the endosome path and set up module, this module mainly comprises drawing path and generation pass node two parts;
A. drawing path
Inner track is present in endosome and outside being communicated with between the outlet, the initial sum terminating point of prescribed path is plotted in the mid point of the plane projection of door, the plane space position in path is with actual consistent, the upright position is consistent with people's sole height, stair are reduced to the line at the outstanding edge of step, and vector path is divided into two kinds of straight line and camber lines;
Dissimilar endosomes are drawing path in different ways:
A. terminal type endosome path drawing: terminal type endosome has more than one the door with external communications, prescribed path be the endosome interior door with door between direct the connection, the path is the line between the Men Yumen, employing linear fashion drawing path; When the angle between the Men Yumen during more than or equal to 165 °, adopt camber line mode drawing path, the action of arc is defined as 0.75m;
B. corridor type endosome path is set up: corridor type endosome is the passage that connects each terminal type endosome, and the door more than 2 is arranged, and a door that is connected with the communicate-type endosome wherein must be arranged, and all the other all are the doors that is communicated with terminal type endosome;
If main path is drawn in the corridor earlier along the corridor,, draw branch path to main path from door if door is orthogonal with the corridor route segment; When the both sides, corridor have door or width smaller or equal to 1.5 meters, in the middle of the main path section is plotted in, Yi Bian when the corridor only had door and width greater than 1.5 meters, main path had been plotted in 0.75 meter of door one lateral extent door;
If the garage, draw main path along garage driveway center line, draw the branch path that connects door and main path again;
The inner track of corridor type endosome is the various combination of route segment;
C. communicate-type endosome path is set up: the communicate-type endosome plays the connection effect of endosome between the underground structure varying level layer, and a plurality of flat seams can be crossed in its path;
If stair in the communicate-type endosome or track are drawn main path by its gradient along the center line in stair or track, draw the branch path that connects the door mid point in the door or the gateway of each floor;
If the vertical-type elevator in the communicate-type endosome, the vertical drafting main path along the elevator center is drawn the branch path that is connected with the elevator door mid point at each floor;
B. generation pass node
A. set up path node in the end points and the bifurcation in all endosome paths: path node generates according to the end points and the segmentation bifurcation coordinate figure in path, path node is divided into three kinds of inside door node, external door node and ordinary nodes: the crossed node that is positioned at the door that descends interior of building communicatively is defined as the inside door node, be defined as the external door node with the crossed node of the door that is communicated with the outside, underground structure, all the other are ordinary node;
B. each node is numbered: inside door node, external door node adopt the door numbering, and ordinary node carries out unique number voluntarily;
Execute after the endosome path sets up module, then enter the characteristic attribute molded tissue block, the route characteristic attribute has two parts, and a part is the network characterization attribute, and a part is to use secondary attribute, and both are corresponding to one by one related;
Route segment and path node are the basic composition unit of path data, and section is related with path node by path respectively with using secondary attribute for the network attribute feature;
A. network characterization attribute
The network characterization attribute obtains from path profile, mainly comprises: the two ends path node of the code of route segment, the length of route segment, each route segment, the route segment that the code of path node is relevant with each path node;
B. use secondary attribute
Use secondary attribute and provide, mainly comprise: endosome, route segment connectivity types, the type of path node, the traffic status of path node and the traffic capacity in path under the route segment according to actual conditions;
The synthetic step in step 5. path is:
After executing the characteristic attribute molded tissue block, access path synthesis module then, the figure of route segment, path node and attribute data co-registered are in the database of formulating, the path is synthetic to be that each is independently made the inner track collection that the endosome path synthesizes a underground structure, the synthetic essence in path is the merging of a node, set up in the process in the path, each node all may be write down twice by adjacent endosome, two adjacent endosomes all have the path to concentrate on the door between door, at this moment, two door nodes are merged into a node; By the merging of this node, just that the path in each endosome is integrated as a whole, thus form the inner track of whole underground structure;
A. the path synthetic work step of single underground structure is:
A. all route segment data of single underground structure being incorporated in data concentrates;
B. all node datas of single underground structure are incorporated in data and concentrate, at this moment, in all inside door nodes, same numbering have two, show two annexations between the affiliated endosome, their actual sensings should be same node;
The node data of two identical numberings is merged into one: select a node, in nodal community,, be increased on this node with the relevant road segments information of another record;
B. the path synthetic work step of many underground structures is:
A. a plurality of underground structure route segment data being incorporated in data concentrates;
B. all node datas of a plurality of underground structures being incorporated in data concentrates, at this moment, in all external door nodes, two of part of nodes totally one numbering can appear, show two annexations between the affiliated underground structure, their are actual, and what point to should be same node;
The node data of two identical numberings is merged into one, in nodal community,, be increased on this node, finish up to path data with the relevant road segments information of another record.
The terminal type endosome of described communication path building method based on city underground structures comprises n fan door, and according to combination, then there is n (n-1)/2 paths inside, and the endosome inner track that single-door goes out is 0.
The route segment of described communication path building method based on city underground structures comprises: type is terminal or corridor or elevator or stair or track; Be numbered the unique number in path; Length is the space length in this section path; Described path node comprises: type is door node or intermediate node; Be numbered the unique number of node; The traffic capacity is second/people for the number that only can pass through at door node per second; User mode is for only passing through at the door node or closing and sectional area.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the underground structure path establishment method satisfies the application requirements of underground structures being set up communication path, possess objectivity and general applicability for the foundation of underground structure path, can set up the inner or mutual connected relation of city underground structures thus; The both suitable single underground structure in path among the present invention also is suitable for a plurality of interconnective underground structures, and network is set up decomposition in each part, makes the work of setting up of path network become effective and flexible; Geographic position and the length based on reality is set up in the path, and the path data that is produced both can satisfy connective analyze demands, also can satisfy the visual application requirements in path.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Accompanying drawing 1 is that the workflow block scheme is set up in path of the present invention;
Accompanying drawing 2 is that terminal type endosome of the present invention is set up one of path synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 3 is that terminal type endosome of the present invention is set up two of path synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 4 is that corridor of the present invention type endosome is set up the path synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 5 is that one of communicate-type endosome-staircase of the present invention is set up the path synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 6 is that two of communicate-type endosome-staircase of the present invention is set up the path synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 7 is that communicate-type endosome-elevator of the present invention is set up the path synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 8 is that the underground structures B1 of the present invention is set up path and node synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 9 is that the underground structures of the present invention are set up path and node synoptic diagram for underground two layers;
Accompanying drawing 10 is that the underground structures staircase of the present invention A sets up path and node synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 11 is that the underground structures staircase of the present invention B sets up path and node synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 12 is that the underground structures elevator of the present invention solid is set up path and node synoptic diagram;
Label declaration in the accompanying drawing:
The 1-internal sorting is divided; 126-door O;
2-gateway numbering; 127-door P;
3-endosome path is set up; The 21-B1;
4-characteristic attribute tissue; Underground two layers of 22-;
The 5-path is synthetic; The 30-elevator;
The 10-door; The 40-staircase;
111-door A; 41-staircase A;
112-door B; 42-staircase B;
113-door C; The 50-route segment;
114-door D; The 51-path node;
115-door E; 60-terminal type endosome;
116-door F; 61-terminal type endosome A;
117-door G; 62-terminal type endosome B;
118-door H; 63-terminal type endosome C;
119-door I; 64-terminal type endosome D;
121-door J; 65-terminal type endosome E;
122-door K; 70-corridor type endosome;
123-door L; 71-corridor type endosome A;
124-door M; 72-corridor type endosome B;
125-door N; 80-communicate-type endosome;
Embodiment
See also shown in the accompanying drawing 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12, hardware system of the present invention comprises the three-dimensional space data of underground structure etc., also comprises: geospatial database, computer hardware equipment and can support the CAD or the GIS class software environment of three-dimensional representation and modeling.
A kind of method for building up based on the city underground structures communication path, this method is utilized geographic information system technology, three-dimensional geographic space position, with the path abstract be geometric Points And lines section, form three-dimensional space vectors figure, add attributive character at the vector graphics key element, finally form the path network data.
A kind of method for building up based on the city underground structures path network, the mentality of designing of this method is, based on application characteristic classifying and dividing is carried out in the inner space, in the local space of classification, set up path network earlier, again the local space path network is integrated into whole path network.Owing to network is set up decomposition in each part, makes the work of setting up of path network become effective and flexible.
In the notion of figure, network is undirected complete graph, and data characteristics is: have the summit couple and have the limit of power, write down the limit number of each summit association; If n summit arranged, e bar limit, then e=n (n-1)/2 is counted on the limit.Thus, underground structure communication path network also can be regarded the relation of setting up summit, limit, summit and limit, the work of weights as.
The data store organisation of network can be used adjacency matrix, also can use adjacency list.Target of the present invention is to finish the data that can be used to store, and does not relate to concrete data store organisation.
See also shown in the accompanying drawing 1, the concrete job step that the underground structure path network is set up is:
Each underground structure inside is divided into the endosome of three types by structure and purposes:
A. terminal type endosome 60: refer to the target usage space of underground structure, plane configuration generally has door to be isolated from the outside based on rectangle or approximate rectangular;
B. corridor type endosome 70: refer to play in the underground structure space of corridor effect, the plane configuration more complicated generally can be connected with a plurality of terminal endosomes with the communicate-type endosome simultaneously.
C. the communicate-type endosome 80: above two class endosomes generally are in some flat seams, and the communicate-type endosome plays the effect that is communicated with the levels space, the track of general main finger escalator, staircase and underground garage in underground structure.
Step 2. gateway numbering 2
No matter actual gateway between endosome and the endosome, between endosome and the outside (door is arranged or do not have door) carried out unique number.
3 steps are set up in step 3. endosome path
In CAD that can support three-dimensional representation and modeling or GIS class software environment, carry out following work:
A. drawing path
Inner track is present in endosome and is communicated with between the outlet (comprise actually door being arranged or do not have door, below simply be referred to as " door ") with outside.The initial sum terminating point of prescribed path is plotted in the mid point of the plane projection of door, and the plane space position in path is with actual consistent, and the upright position is consistent with people's sole height, and stair are reduced to the line at the outstanding edge of step.
Based on the visual demand in path, to consider the aesthetic property of conventional and vision simultaneously, vector path is divided into two kinds of straight line and camber lines.
Dissimilar endosomes are drawing path in different ways:
A. terminal type endosome 60 path drawings: terminal type endosome has the door of one or more and external communications, prescribed path be the endosome interior door with door between be connected.
See also shown in the accompanying drawing 2,3, suppose that there is n fan door in endosome, according to combination, then there is n (n-1)/2 paths inside.Can be calculated by formula, the endosome inner track that single-door goes out is 0; Fig. 2 endosome has 3 doors 10, has 3 paths a, b, c, and Fig. 3 endosome has 4 doors, has 6 paths a, b, c, d, e, f.
In the terminal type endosome, the path is the line between the Men Yumen, generally adopts the linear fashion drawing path; When the angle between the Men Yumen during more than or equal to 165 °, adopt camber line mode drawing path (referring to accompanying drawing 3), the action of arc is defined as 0.75m; During the volume morphing more complicated, can set up the path in indivedual with reference to corridor type endosome path establishment method segmentation.
B. corridor type endosome 70 paths are set up: corridor type endosome is the passage that connects each terminal type endosome, see than terminal type endosome complexity from the geometric shape on plane, door more than 2 is generally arranged, and a door that is connected with the communicate-type endosome wherein must be arranged, and all the other all are the doors (referring to accompanying drawing 4) that is communicated with terminal type endosome.
If main path is drawn in the corridor earlier along the corridor,, draw branch path to main path from door if door is orthogonal with the corridor route segment.When the both sides, corridor have door or width less than 1.5 meters, in the middle of the main path section is plotted in, Yi Bian when the corridor only had door and width greater than 1.5 meters, main path had been plotted in 0.75 meter of door one lateral extent door.
If the garage, draw main path along garage driveway center line, draw the branch path that connects door and main path again.
Seeing also shown in the accompanying drawing 4, be provided with terminal type endosome 60 among Fig. 4, is terminal type endosome A61 in the side of staircase B42, and opposite side is terminal type endosome B62; On the diagonal position of terminal type endosome B62, be provided with staircase 40; The inner track of corridor type endosome 70 is various combinations of route segment.As shown in Figure 4, be respectively equipped with a J121, door K122, door L123, door M124, door N125, door O126 and door P127, wherein: the path between door J121 and the door P127 is a+b+c+d; Path between door J121 and the door O126 is a+b+c+c '; Path between door J121 and the door M124 is a+b+e+f.
B. communicate-type endosome 80 paths are set up: the communicate-type endosome generally plays the connection effect of endosome between the underground structure varying level layer.Therefore, a plurality of flat seams can be crossed in the path of communicate-type endosome.
See also shown in the accompanying drawing 5,6, if staircase in the communicate-type endosome (comprising the staircase-type elevator) or track, the gradient of pressing is drawn main path along the center line in stair or track, draws the branch path that connects the door mid point in the door or the gateway of each floor; Accompanying drawing 5 is the signal of staircase A41 path, and accompanying drawing 6 is the signal of staircase B42 path.
See also shown in the accompanying drawing 7, if the vertical-type elevator in the communicate-type endosome, along the vertical drafting main path in elevator 30 centers, path a is the main path apart from B1 21, path b is apart from underground two layer 22 main path, draws the branch path that is connected with the elevator door mid point at each floor.
B. generation pass node
A. set up path node in the end points and the bifurcation in all endosome paths.Path node generates according to the end points and the segmentation bifurcation coordinate figure in path.Path node is divided into three kinds of inside door node, external door node and ordinary nodes, the crossed node that is positioned at the door that descends interior of building communicatively is defined as the inside door node, be defined as the external door node with the crossed node of the door that is communicated with the outside, underground structure, all the other are ordinary node.
B. each node is numbered.Inside door node, external door node adopt the door numbering.Ordinary node carries out unique number voluntarily.
The route characteristic attribute has two parts, and a part is the network characterization attribute, and a part is to use secondary attribute, and both are corresponding to one by one related.
Route segment and path node are the basic composition unit of path data.Section is related with path node by path respectively with using secondary attribute for the network attribute feature.
A. network characterization attribute
The network characterization attribute can obtain from path profile, mainly comprises:
1) code of route segment
2) length of route segment (obtaining) according to the route segment of drawing
3) the two ends path node of each route segment (record path station code)
4) code of path node
5) route segment that each path node is relevant (record quantity and route segment code)
B. use secondary attribute
Using supplemental characteristic provides according to actual conditions.Mainly comprise:
1) endosome under the route segment.The type of endosome under the record: terminal type, corridor type, communicate-type;
2) route segment connectivity types.The classification of communicate-type endosome under the record path section only: stair, track, vertical lift, staircase-type elevator etc.;
3) type of path node.Record path node types: external door node, inside door node, ordinary node;
4) traffic status of path node.Be primarily aimed at inside and outside door node, represent the current whether P Passable of the door of this node representative.
5) traffic capacity in path.Write down the handling capacity of this path node, as per minute how many people that can pass through.
The figure of route segment, path node and attribute data co-registered are in the database of formulating.The path is synthetic to be that each is independently made the inner track collection that the endosome path synthesizes a underground structure, the path of several underground structures that communicate can also be synthesized a path collection if desired.
See also shown in the accompanying drawing 8,9,10,11,12, the synthetic essence in path is the merging of a node, sets up in the process in the path, and each node all may be by adjacent endosome record twice, and two adjacent endosomes all have the path to concentrate on the door between door.At this moment, two door nodes can be merged into a node.By the merging of this node, just can the path in each endosome is integrated as a whole, thus form the inner track of whole underground structure.In like manner, can also expand and set up a plurality of underground paths of constructing that communicate.Accompanying drawing the 8,9,10,11, the 12nd, certain underground structure is set up the diagram of path and node, wherein:
Being provided with route segment 50 and path node 51 in accompanying drawing 8 B1s 21, is terminal type endosome C63 in the side of staircase B42, and opposite side is followed successively by terminal type endosome D64 and terminal type endosome E65.As shown in Figure 8, be respectively equipped with an A111, door B112, door C113, door D114, door E115, door F116, door G117, door H118 and door I119; The inner track of corridor type endosome A71 is the various combination of route segment;
Accompanying drawing 9 also is provided with route segment and path node in underground two layer 22, is terminal type endosome A61 in the side of staircase B42, and opposite side is terminal type endosome B62, and the inner track of corridor type endosome B72 is the various combination of route segment.
A. the path synthetic work step of single underground structure is:
A. all route segment data of single underground structure being incorporated in data concentrates.
As a underground structure five various types of endosomes are arranged, 0,3,15,8,0 route segment is arranged respectively, after the merging, this underground structure has 26 route segments.
B. all node datas of single underground structure are incorporated in data and concentrate, at this moment, in all inside door nodes, same numbering have two, show two annexations between the affiliated endosome, their actual sensings should be same node.
The node data of two identical numberings is merged into one: select a node, in nodal community,, be increased on this node with the relevant road segments information of another record.As, there is inside door node A to have identical numbering with the inside door Node B, the relevant road segments of inside door node A is 001, and the relevant road segments of inside door Node B is 002,003, is inside door node C after merging, and relevant road segments is 001,002,003.
B. the path synthetic work step of many underground structures is:
A. a plurality of underground structure route segment data being incorporated in data concentrates.
As three underground structures 78,55,32 route segments are arranged respectively, after the merging, this underground structure has 165 route segments.
B. all node datas of a plurality of underground structures being incorporated in data concentrates, at this moment, in all external door nodes, two of part of nodes totally one numbering can appear, show two annexations between the affiliated underground structure, their are actual, and what point to should be same node.
The node data of two identical numberings is merged into one, in nodal community,, be increased on this node the relevant road segments information of another record.As, there is external door node A to have identical numbering with the external door Node B, the relevant road segments of external door node A is 001, and the relevant road segments of external door Node B is 002,003, is external door node C after merging, and relevant road segments is 001,002,003.
Finish up to path data.
The present invention finally can produce three kinds and can be used for the data that network path is analyzed:
1) based on the figure and the attribute data of path node
2) based on the figure and the attribute data in path
3) based on the non-figure path analysis data of list data
Part conceptual illustration of the present invention and correlation technique feature are as follows:
The path of underground structure comprises two kinds:
1) passage that moves and walk the inner people of structures;
2) approach that spreads at structures internal gas class material.
More than both are consistent with regard to the notion of path, certain difference is arranged with regard to the feature in path.The analysis in path and calculate for the underground structure daily management and the emergency disposal when meeting accident has crucial meaning.This paper analyzes and researches with regard to the People's Bank of China path.
For ease of understanding, the explanation of nouns of using among the present invention is described as follows:
Route segment---limit
Path node---summit
The weights on the traffic capacity---limit
A. imagine substantially
In order to express connectedness in the surface model underground constructing, we adopt the mode that connected surface is set.But only search for complete trails with regard to the mode of connected surface, computing and effect of visualization all are not very desirable.In order to accelerate the speed of path computing and search, plan to build the notion of on the spot descending the structures space path.
The path of notion 2. underground structures is undirected paths;
B. path design
Regulation: inner track is present in endosome and external communications outlet (comprise actually door being arranged or do not have door, below simply be referred to as " door "), between.The plane space position in path is with actual consistent, and the upright position is consistent with the height that people's pin is stood, and stair are reduced to oblique straight line.
C. the path is integrated
In fact each meeting is used twice, and two adjacent endosomes all have the path to concentrate on the door between door.Can be considered as door a node in path this moment, and by the connection of this node, the path in each endosome can be integrated as a whole, thereby form the inner track of whole underground structure.In like manner, can also expand and set up a plurality of underground paths of constructing that communicate.
D. parameter designing
Above specification the setting in underground structure path, but this has only illustrated sensible possibility, in real life, these paths at first have the constraint of the traffic capacity, secondly, this traffic capacity can change with the variation of objective environment.As, door is by locked, and this paths disappears, and the corridor heap has article, and the traffic capacity reduces, breaking out of fire, elevator is inactive etc.Therefore, needing some parameters is described the path.Parameter is provided with object unit route segment and node.
Route segment: type: terminal/corridor/elevator/stair/track;
Numbering: the unique number in path;
Length: the space length in this section path;
Path node: type: door node/intermediate node;
Numbering: the unique number of node;
The traffic capacity: second/people's (only at door node)
User mode: pass through/close (only at the door node); Sectional area.
E. path drawing
The drafting in path is the part of visual demand, will consider the aesthetic property of conventional and vision simultaneously, and regulation is utilized Software tool to add manual intervention to carry out.
Path drawing is divided into two kinds in straight path and bent path.
In the terminal type endosome, linear fashion drawing path (straight path) is adopted in the path of general Men Yumen, when the angle between the Men Yumen during greater than 165 °, adopts camber line mode drawing path (bent path).
In the type endosome of corridor, when the both sides, corridor had door or width less than 1.5 meters, path drawing was in the centre, Yi Bian when the corridor only had door and width more than or equal to 1.5 meters, path drawing was having 0.75 meter of door one lateral extent door.
F. path analysis
Behind the path of setting up underground structure in the manner described above, just can carry out the analytical calculation in path as road in conjunction with attributive character.Analyze content:
1) shortest path between A endosome and B endosome (or ground);
2) path that saves time most between A endosome and B endosome (or ground);
3) whether the A underground structure is communicated with communication path with the B underground structure;
4) close which fan door and can cut off the connection of A to B.
Wherein, the connection condition that should change node is carried out repeated calculation, to reach application target.
Claims (3)
1. communication path building method based on city underground structures, this method is on the calculating basis in network and roadnet path, carry out short and the most effective path analysis, it is characterized in that: this method is utilized geographic information system technology, three-dimensional geographic space position, with the path abstract be geometric Points And lines section, form three-dimensional space vectors figure, add attributive character, finally form the path network data at the vector graphics key element; This method is set up path network earlier by based on application characteristic classifying and dividing being carried out in the inner space in the local space of classification, again the local space path network is integrated into whole path network; This method is in the notion of figure, and network is undirected complete graph, and data characteristics has the summit couple and has the limit of power, writes down the limit number of each summit association, and underground structure communication path network is to set up the relation on summit, limit, summit and limit, the work of weights; This method extends path analysis to the connectivity analysis of underground structure,, parameter designing integrated, path expansion, path drawing and path analysis by endosome type, path design, path, realizing route section and path node channels designs, and by the synthetic communication path network of the inner track of each underground structure; The concrete job step that this underground structure path network is set up is:
Step 1. internal sorting is divided (1)
Each underground structure inside is divided into the endosome of three types by structure and purposes:
A. terminal type endosome (60): refer to the target usage space of underground structure, plane configuration has door to be isolated from the outside, and is in a flat seam based on rectangle or approximate rectangular;
B. corridor type endosome (70): refer to play in the underground structure space of corridor effect, the plane configuration complexity can be connected with a plurality of terminal endosomes with the communicate-type endosome simultaneously, and be in a flat seam;
C. communicate-type endosome (80): in underground structure, play the effect that is communicated with the levels space, mainly refer to the track of escalator, staircase and underground garage;
Step 2. gateway numbering (2)
Execute after internal sorting divides (1) module, then enter gateway numbering (2) module, unique number is carried out in the gateway between endosome and the endosome, between endosome and the outside;
The step that (3) are set up in step 3. endosome path is:
After executing gateway numbering (2) module, then enter the endosome path and set up (3) module, this module mainly comprises drawing path and generation pass node two parts;
A. drawing path
Inner track is present in endosome and outside being communicated with between the outlet, the initial sum terminating point of prescribed path is plotted in the mid point of the plane projection of door, the plane space position in path is with actual consistent, the upright position is consistent with people's sole height, stair are reduced to the line at the outstanding edge of step, and vector path is divided into two kinds of straight line and camber lines;
Dissimilar endosomes are drawing path in different ways:
A. terminal type endosome (60) path drawing: terminal type endosome has more than one the door with external communications, prescribed path be the endosome interior door with door between direct the connection, the path is the line between the Men Yumen, employing linear fashion drawing path; When the angle between the Men Yumen during more than or equal to 165 °, adopt camber line mode drawing path, the action of arc is defined as 0.75m;
B. corridor type endosome (70) path is set up: corridor type endosome is the passage that connects each terminal type endosome, and the door more than 2 is arranged, and a door that is connected with communicate-type endosome (80) wherein must be arranged, and all the other all are the doors that is communicated with terminal type endosome;
If main path is drawn in the corridor earlier along the corridor,, draw branch path to main path from door if door is orthogonal with the corridor route segment; When the both sides, corridor have door or width smaller or equal to 1.5 meters, in the middle of the main path section is plotted in, Yi Bian when the corridor only had door and width greater than 1.5 meters, main path had been plotted in 0.75 meter of door one lateral extent door;
If the garage, draw main path along garage driveway center line, draw the branch path that connects door and main path again;
The inner track of corridor type endosome is the various combination of route segment;
C. communicate-type endosome (80) path is set up: the communicate-type endosome plays the connection effect of endosome between the underground structure varying level layer, and a plurality of flat seams can be crossed in its path;
If stair in the communicate-type endosome or track are drawn main path by its gradient along the center line in stair or track, draw the branch path that connects the door mid point in the door or the gateway of each floor;
If the vertical-type elevator in the communicate-type endosome, the vertical drafting main path along the elevator center is drawn the branch path that is connected with the elevator door mid point at each floor;
B. generation pass node
A. set up path node in the end points and the bifurcation in all endosome paths: path node generates according to the end points and the segmentation bifurcation coordinate figure in path, path node is divided into three kinds of inside door node, external door node and ordinary nodes: the crossed node that is positioned at the door that descends interior of building communicatively is defined as the inside door node, be defined as the external door node with the crossed node of the door that is communicated with the outside, underground structure, all the other are ordinary node;
B. each node is numbered: inside door node, external door node adopt the door numbering, and ordinary node carries out unique number voluntarily;
Step 4. characteristic attribute tissue (4)
After executing endosome path foundation (3) module, then enter characteristic attribute tissue (4) module, the route characteristic attribute has two parts, and a part is the network characterization attribute, and a part is to use secondary attribute, and both are corresponding to one by one related;
Route segment and path node are the basic composition unit of path data, and section is related with path node by path respectively with using secondary attribute for the network attribute feature;
A. network characterization attribute
The network characterization attribute obtains from path profile, mainly comprises: the two ends path node of the code of route segment, the length of route segment, each route segment, the route segment that the code of path node is relevant with each path node;
B. use secondary attribute
Use secondary attribute and provide, mainly comprise: endosome, route segment connectivity types, the type of path node, the traffic status of path node and the traffic capacity in path under the route segment according to actual conditions;
The step in step 5. path synthetic (5) is:
After executing characteristic attribute tissue (4) module, then access path synthesizes (5) module, the figure of route segment, path node and attribute data co-registered are in the database of formulating, the path is synthetic to be that each is independently made the inner track collection that the endosome path synthesizes a underground structure, the synthetic essence in path is the merging of a node, set up in the process in the path, each node all may be write down twice by adjacent endosome, two adjacent endosomes all have the path to concentrate on the door between door, at this moment, two door nodes are merged into a node; By the merging of this node, just that the path in each endosome is integrated as a whole, thus form the inner track of whole underground structure;
A. the path synthetic work step of single underground structure is:
A. all route segment data of single underground structure being incorporated in data concentrates;
B. all node datas of single underground structure are incorporated in data and concentrate, at this moment, in all inside door nodes, same numbering have two, show two annexations between the affiliated endosome, their actual sensings should be same node;
The node data of two identical numberings is merged into one: select a node, in nodal community,, be increased on this node with the relevant road segments information of another record;
B. the path synthetic work step of many underground structures is:
A. a plurality of underground structure route segment data being incorporated in data concentrates;
B. all node datas of a plurality of underground structures being incorporated in data concentrates, at this moment, in all external door nodes, two of part of nodes totally one numbering can appear, show two annexations between the affiliated underground structure, their are actual, and what point to should be same node;
The node data of two identical numberings is merged into one, in nodal community,, be increased on this node, finish up to path data with the relevant road segments information of another record.
2. the communication path building method based on city underground structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described terminal type endosome comprises n fan door, and according to combination, then there is n (n-1)/2 paths inside, and the endosome inner track that single-door goes out is 0.
3. the communication path building method based on city underground structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described route segment comprises: type is terminal or corridor or elevator or stair or track; Be numbered the unique number in path; Length is the space length in this section path; Described path node comprises: type is door node or intermediate node; Be numbered the unique number of node; The traffic capacity is second/people for the number that only can pass through at door node per second; User mode is for only passing through at the door node or closing and sectional area.
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