CN101441274A - Ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration - Google Patents
Ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration Download PDFInfo
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- CN101441274A CN101441274A CN 200810240946 CN200810240946A CN101441274A CN 101441274 A CN101441274 A CN 101441274A CN 200810240946 CN200810240946 CN 200810240946 CN 200810240946 A CN200810240946 A CN 200810240946A CN 101441274 A CN101441274 A CN 101441274A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/64—Geostructures, e.g. in 3D data cubes
- G01V2210/647—Gas hydrates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a submarine seismograph for gas hydrates exploration, which relates to seismic technology. The submarine seismograph used for submarine seismological observation, gas hydrates exploration and geological investigation comprises a plastic instrument cabinet, a tripping mechanism and a decoupling support; wherein the top of a glass cabinet ball inside the plastic instrument cabinet is equipped with an acoustic pressure sensor; the plastic instrument cabinet is internally provided with a high-frequency geophone, an acoustic communication module, a radio beaconing machine, GPS, an electronic compass and combined power supply; the tripping mechanism is fixed on the upside of the plastic instrument cabinet ball and is further connected with the decoupling support through a corrosion-resistant tightened steel wire. When the instrument is recovered, the steel wire is fused by the principle of electric corrosion, and the plastic instrument cabinet naturally floats upward and is recovered; the decoupling support provides stable substrate for the seismograph during work. By integrating the three-weight high-frequency geophone used in manual air gun hypocenter observation and the acoustic pressure sensor, the submarine seismograph can realize multifunctional submarine seismic exploration.
Description
Technical field
Ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration of the present invention relates to oceanic earthquake observation technology field.
Background technology
Beginning in 2000, under 863 high-tech programs are supported, Inst of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences's independent development high-frequency seabed digital seismograph and successfully test at the South Sea, record high capacity air gun source signal, be finally inversed by the study area crustal structure that reaches Mohorovicic discontinuity deeply, become a bright spot in 863 " deep water hydrocarbon exploration engineering " project.Along with oil-gas exploration to the process of deep water and ocean residual basin development and to the explore demand of gas hydrate, requirement to the seabed digital seismograph performance index is also more and more higher, such as the depth of water, raising resolution and the stream time etc. that will adapt to greater than 3000m.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to disclose a kind of ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration, be on existing high-frequency seabed seismographic basis, form by digesting and assimilating of external product technology improved, it has improved performance index, can satisfy the needs that scientific research of seas and marine oil and gas are surveyed.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration comprises plastic instrument cabin, glass apparatus cabin ball, uncoupling rigging, heavy coupling frame; Glass apparatus cabin ball is installed in the plastic instrument cabin, and uncoupling rigging is positioned at top, plastic instrument cabin, and heavy coupling chord position is in plastic instrument bilge end; Affixed with taut wire between uncoupling rigging and heavy coupling frame, the plastic instrument cabin is fixed in the heavy coupling frame; Be provided with gimbaling in its glass apparatus cabin ball, gimbaling comprises direct current generator, counterweight copper coin, regulates center of gravity threaded hole, wave detector seat, aluminum snap ring; There is the plectane of through hole at counterweight copper coin, the wave detector seat center of being all, and be measure-alike; One plain conductor pipe, the internal diameter of its external diameter and central through hole is suitable, and order is passed the central through hole of counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat and counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat quadrature is affixed, and counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat have a gap each other; The three-component high frequency geophone comprise one vertically to wave detector, two levels to wave detector, wave detector seat upper surface is provided with vertically to wave detector, wave detector seat side has two grooves the level of two quadratures to be housed to wave detector respectively, it is affixed by screw that the aluminum snap ring is enclosed within wave detector seat outside, aluminum snap ring and wave detector seat are horizontally disposed with, and a gap is arranged mutually;
Aluminum snap ring lower surface is cambered surface, and is suitable with glass apparatus cabin ball inwall;
Be fixedly arranged on the upper surface of O type circle about battery components relatively, level is provided with electronic circuit board on electric battery top cell lid, the electronic circuit board upper horizontal is provided with antenna holder, rack upper surface is fixed with gps antenna, the electronic circuit board lower horizontal is provided with a motor frame, on the motor frame direct current generator is arranged, steel wire twines wheel, steel wire twines wheel and is positioned at motor frame center, one end of the output shaft of direct current generator and steel wire is affixed, the other end of steel wire is walked around steel wire and is twined the vertical below of wheel, and pass the conduit central passage, affixed with counterweight copper coin inwall, with the counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat and three-component high frequency geophone hang.
Described ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration, its described counterweight copper plate thickness 〉=8mm is evenly distributed with threaded hole on it, with the center of gravity with screw adjusted three-component high frequency geophone.
Described ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration, its described gimbaling, its course of work is: open direct current generator, mention counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat and three-component high frequency geophone through winding steel wire, make the wave detector seat leave ball bottom, glass cabin, this moment, three-component high frequency geophone and counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat can rotate freely, the anglec of rotation≤30 degree, according to counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat and three-component high frequency geophone assembly from the readjust balance, adjusted, utilized direct current generator to discharge steel wire again the wave detector seat is put back to ball bottom, glass cabin.
Described ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration, its described three-component high frequency geophone also comprises attitude sensor, attitude sensor adopts solid-state mems device, be fixed on the counterweight copper coin, be electrically connected with DC motor control circuit, three-component high frequency geophone respectively, can read the three-component high frequency geophone attitude of any time, when the angle of inclination of wave detector surpassed the work allowed band, control circuit instruction direct current generator was adjusted wave detector at integral point constantly.
Described ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration, its electronic circuit, collector systems, underwater sound communication module are fixed on the top of battery case lid, make the electric battery of ball inside, glass cabin, the geophone group zoarium becomes an integral body, outside the ball of glass apparatus cabin, assemble, debug, the instrument that test is finished is put in the ball of glass cabin then, fixes interior arrangement by glass cabin ball extruding O type circle;
Three-component high frequency geophone, underwater sound pressure transducer, the instrument of these two kinds of different operating frequency bands are gathered the data of instrument record by the digital collection device, make instrument can write down artificial source signal.
Described ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration, its described three-component high frequency geophone frequency is 10-250Hz.
Described ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration, its seabed seismological observation mode that flows:
Submarine seismograph receives artificial source signal and carries out active observation, does two-dimensional observation, uses high-frequency wave detector, and the data of acquisition can the comparatively meticulous geologic structure of Inversion for bottom, the geologic structure depth as shallow of observation.
Ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration of the present invention, inner structure is integrated, during fabrication between and reduction has been arranged significantly on the workload, simple, convenient, and reduced additional chatter.And adopt the wireless blue tooth technology to carry out the scene and detect, at sea continuous several times is carried out the seismological observation operation, has broken abroad to high-frequency seabed seismographic monopolization.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural drawing and the broken away view of ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration geophone group zoarium of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration uncoupling rigging synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the fusing steel wire coiling synoptic diagram of ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration uncoupling rigging of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is an ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration stereoscopic structural drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is an ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration general construction synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
See also Fig. 1～shown in Figure 5, be ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration structural representation of the present invention.Wherein, the counterweight copper coin 1; regulate center of gravity threaded hole 2; wave detector seat 3; aluminum snap ring 4; conduit 5; vertically to wave detector 6; level is to wave detector 7; anodal 8; set nut 9; silk pressing pad 10; stainless steel Luo post 11; Luo bar back up pad 12; unhook slide block 13; wrapping wire nail 14; stainless steel suspension hook 15; wrapping wire fixed head 16; negative pole 17; negative pole protective sleeve 18; fusing steel wire 19; fusing steel wire striking point (two places) 20; uncoupling rigging 21; plastic instrument cabin 22; taut wire 23; heavy coupling frame 24; steel wire twines wheel 25; locking Luo bolt 26; underwater sound pressure transducer 27; vacuum valve 28; gps antenna 29; electronic circuit board 30; electric battery 31; the steel wire 32 of diameter 2mm; geophone group zoarium 33; O type circle 34; glass apparatus cabin ball 35.
Ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration of the present invention is made up of plastic instrument cabin 22, uncoupling rigging 21, heavy coupling frame 24 3 parts.
One, plastic instrument cabin:
(1) underwater sound communication module (seeing also " seven-channel multi-functional submarine seismograph " application number is 200810117385.4)
Underwater sound communication module is a part of being responsible for underwater sound communication above the electronic circuit board, adopts 8 bit FSK numerical codings.The demodulator circuit of FSK coding has comprised several sections such as amplitude detecting, phase-detection, voltage controlled oscillator, comparison follower.Its ultimate principle is: according to the phase differential of input signal and local oscillation signal, the control voltage controlled oscillator in a relative narrower bandwidth (～400Hz) regulate local frequency, if frequency input signal is consistent with local frequency, phase differential is zero, the local frequency locking, then the coded demodulation circuit is output as low level, otherwise is high level.Two coded demodulation circuit local frequencies are respectively 10KHz and 12.5KHz, in order to whether to contain corresponding frequency signal in the detection signal.
The reverberation problem of underwater sound transmission, the mode that adopts Mintrop wave to extract is solved.Principle is that the deck machine sends a coding frequency, about 10 milliseconds of duration for per 100 milliseconds.Shutdown signal passage in behind first coding frequency signal that receiving end underwater sound communication module is receiving 10 milliseconds.Carry out the signal demodulation every 100 milliseconds of opening signal passages later on, the duration is 10 milliseconds, and then the shutdown signal passage, until this code word section end.
In order to prevent that amplifier is saturated, designed single T network frequency-selecting amplifier of the logical frequency 10-12.5KHz of band, the signal outside the signal band can effectively be suppressed.
The matching Design of underwater sound emission and transducer mainly is to consider from impedance matching and two links of tuning coupling, and takes measures the push-pull power amplifier pipe is protected.
(2) gimbaling
Comprise direct current generator, counterweight copper coin 1, regulate center of gravity threaded hole 2, wave detector seat 3, aluminum snap ring 4 etc.There is the plectane of through hole at counterweight copper coin 1, wave detector seat 3 centers of being all, and are measure-alike.One plain conductor pipe 5, the internal diameter of its external diameter and central through hole is suitable, and order is passed the central through hole of counterweight copper coin 1, wave detector seat 3 and counterweight copper coin 1, wave detector seat 3 quadratures are affixed, and counterweight copper coin 1, wave detector seat 3 have a gap each other.Wave detector seat 3 upper surfaces are provided with vertically to wave detector 6, wave detector seat 3 lower surfaces have a boss, and boss side surfaces radially is provided with the level of two quadratures to wave detector 7, and boss side surfaces and aluminum snap ring 4 are affixed, aluminum snap ring 4 is horizontally disposed with wave detector seat 3, and a gap is arranged mutually.Aluminum snap ring 4 lower surfaces are cambered surface, and are suitable with glass apparatus cabin ball 35 inwalls.
Electric battery is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of O type circle 34 relatively about 31 minutes, level is provided with electronic circuit board 30 on two electric battery, 31 top cell lids, electronic circuit board 30 upper horizontal are provided with antenna holder, rack upper surface is fixed with gps antenna 29, electronic circuit board 30 lower horizontal are provided with a motor frame, on the motor frame direct current generator is arranged, steel wire twines wheel 25, steel wire twines wheel 25 and is positioned at motor frame center, one end of the output shaft of direct current generator and diameter 2mm steel wire 32 is affixed, the other end of steel wire 32 is walked around steel wire and is twined wheel 25 vertical belows, and pass conduit 5 central passages, and affixed with counterweight copper coin 1 inwall, with three-component high frequency geophone 33.
Designed and utilized the direct current generator winding steel wire that three-component high frequency geophone 33 (geophone group zoarium) is mentioned, and carry out the improvement project that attitude is adjusted from the readjust principle for balance by geophone group zoarium 33, by improving the structural principle of gimbaling, the maintenance that makes the Chang Pingdong of inner geophone group zoarium 33 do does not need to pour into silicone oil, do not need to be hermetically-sealed construction, and volume weight all can reduce widely, even more important improvement is, the scope of appearance control adjustment can be greatly improved, and expands to about 30 degree.Work normally under more complicated submarine topography making submarine seismograph.The maximum functional angle of inclination has reached the level of external similar broadband submarine seismograph.
The three-component high frequency geophone also comprises attitude sensor, attitude sensor adopts solid-state mems device, be bonded on the counterweight copper coin 1, be electrically connected with DC motor control circuit, three-component high frequency geophone respectively, can read the three-component high frequency geophone attitude of any time, when the angle of inclination of wave detector surpassed the work allowed band, control circuit instruction direct current generator was adjusted wave detector at integral point constantly.
Its working method is as follows: geophone group zoarium 33 is the steel wire suspension of 2mm by the sub-thread diameter, thickness is that the counterweight copper coin 1 of 8mm is connected by four groups of screws with wave detector seat 3, the center of gravity that relies on the equally distributed threaded hole of copper coin to screw on the screw adjusted wave detector, mention geophone group zoarium 33 by the affixed direct current generator winding steel wire 32 of the motor frame on the battery case lid and leave ball 35 bottoms, glass apparatus cabin, according to geophone group zoarium 33 from the readjust balance, adjusted and utilized direct current generator to discharge steel wire 32 again geophone group zoarium 33 is put back to ball 35 bottoms, glass apparatus cabin.Glass apparatus cabin ball 35 to geophone group fit 33 for being rigidly connected, guarantee the low distortion transmission of earthquake signal thus.When submarine seismograph after the seabed lands, when attitude sensor perceives seabed attitude leveling, can read the seismometer attitude of any time, when the angle of inclination of seismometer surpassed the work allowed band, the direct current chance was adjusted seismometer at integral point constantly.
Battery case has been coupled to an integral body with electric battery 31, electronic circuit 30 and high frequency geophone 33 in the glass cabin ball 35, has formed the integrated of inner structure.Instrument assembling, debugging work can be finished outside withstand voltage glass cabin ball 35.It only is a casing that glass cabin ball 35 can be regarded as, and the submarine seismograph that test is good is put into glass cabin ball 35, fixing by 34 compressions of O type circle, finishes assembling.This structure has also reduced the additional chatter of instrument.
(3) acquisition system above the electronic circuit board
A) the amplifying circuit form of preceding discharge road employing manufacturer's recommended, add at signal input part and to join single order Passive LC low pass frequency overlapped-resistable filter, adopt utmost point low-noise accurate dual operational amplifier to constitute the instrument amplifying circuit, gain is 30dB, and it is 0.4 μ V (peak-peak value) that the amplifying circuit noise is folded to input end.Has very high antijamming capability.
B) oscillatory circuit of instrument employing temperature compensating crystal oscillator formation is as internal clocking, and its precision is better than 5 * 10 in 0 ℃ to 4 ℃ temperature range
-8What influence quartz crystal oscillation frequency precision mainly is temperature factor, and the temperature in seabed is constant relatively, and in 2000 meters dark seabeds, the annual variation of temperature is only at 0.5 degree, so clock accuracy can guarantee effectively.For reducing the noise of wiring board, the clock of all different frequencies that system is required (mainly being analog to digital conversion clock and single-chip microcomputer clock) adopts same clock division is obtained.
C) data storage adopts SD (SecureDigital) card that extensively adopts on digital camera and the player, has unified interface, and capacity can expand to 32G or higher from 16G.
D) in circuit design, adhere to little power consumption principle of design; For the purpose of the little power consumption of system power dissipation, the hardware circuit design of data acquisition unit has been deferred to following principle: (1) adopts CMOS type device, and (2) adopt 1.8V, 3V and 5V single supply low voltage power supply; (3) digital circuit adopts the work clock of lower frequency as far as possible; (4) reduce the idle power consumption of system, overall power＜0.3W as far as possible.
E) 4 rank ∑-Δ type ADS1251 delta modulator is adopted in the A/D of collector conversion, and the AD clock is by the output of single-chip microcomputer LPC2103 frequency division, and the function of digital filtering adopts software programming to finish.AD whenever finishes once conversion, triggers single-chip microcomputer and produces once interruption, and the interrupt routine of single-chip microcomputer reads in internal memory with the AD data.This mode not only can obtain enough dynamic range (〉 120dB on the basis that reduces power consumption and reduced volume), can also dynamically adjust its frequency-phase propetry according to the different needs of reality.Control module adopts ARM7 kernel high-performance single-chip microcomputer (LPC2103 of NXP company).Operating voltage 3.3/1.8V, 60M dominant frequency, other module work such as control store when finishing the filtering of A/D converting digital, communication.Single-chip microcomputer is operated in idle pulley (idle mode), drives interrupts pattern.
F) controller has connected the identical AD module of 7 passages (1-3 passage connection broadband seismometer, the 4-6 passage connects high frequency geophone, the 7th passage connects water and listens the meter passage), (MAX4052) switches by multi-way switch, utilizes the GPIO pin of single-chip microcomputer to read in the AD data of 1-7 passage as the address wire gating.
(5) seismograph power supply
The submarine seismograph battery adopts the 10AH lithium battery, and every cover instrument is installed 10 pieces.Each lithium battery is with protector separately, battery be fixed on the bottom of glass cabin ball by ring-type, seismograph detects by the charging and discharging state and the voltage of single-chip microcomputer to each battery, and can show by interactive interface.Charging is undertaken by the socket on the ball of cabin, and the user can understand information such as the charge capacity, duration of charging of each battery.Charger user by special use can finish the charging work to submarine seismograph in tens of hours.Each charging operations user can both grasp charging front and back cell voltage state, and information such as charge capacity can in time be found the situation that battery failure or performance reduce.Thereby dead battery is in time changed, or shortened the time of instrument in seabed work according to the situation that battery performance reduces.
Built-in power management module can be supervised the electric energy reserves of battery in real time, and when energy is lower than a certain predetermined value, seismograph can be closed all current consuming apparatus except underwater sound communication, and the time that seismograph is detained more than 1 year in the seabed still can normally reclaim.
(6) data extract mode
In order to guarantee that marine repeatedly operation carries out smoothly, data extraction module must be easy to operate and be needed transmission speed faster.Embedded usb interface module and PC carry out high-speed data exchange among the OBS, can realize the data extract of OBS with higher speed (2M byte per second) under the prerequisite of not opening the cabin ball.
(7) wireless data transmission module
Wireless data transmission module adopts the OEM product.Its emissive power is 1～5W, about the about 5-10Km of coverage.Bearing accuracy can reach in tens of rice.Consider that wireless data transmission module is built in the ball of glass cabin the restriction in space and adopts 50 Europe 450MHz whips dress gum cover antennas and transmitter supporting, so receiving system is subjected to the restriction in space to adopt 50 Europe 12dB high-gain aerials and receiver supporting hardly.The wireless data transmission module modulation system adopts FSK (frequency shift keying) mode, and antijamming capability is strong.For further improving anti-equipment interference performance, communication speed adopts lower 1200bps.Communications protocol is the RS232 form: 1 start bit, 8 bit data positions, even parity check, 1 position of rest.
Transmission range is very responsive to the antenna height of transmitter.Because transmitter antenna is built in the ball, setting height(from bottom) is subjected to very big restriction.Take following measure: (a) alleviate and reclaim weight (b) antenna and press close to the ball wall and (c) is installed makes antenna when reclaiming be positioned at the top of ball by counterweight for this reason.
Adopt the interweaving encoding technology can effectively reduce the error code that bursty interference causes, its principle is for to line up matrix with the due-out sign indicating number by row, order by row sends again, as in the channel because of continuous error code takes place in bursty interference, the error code of deinterleaving is dispersed to different code words can be by the effective error correction of BCH.
Adopt synchronization mechanism to reduce the preamble synchronization sign indicating number, effectively reduce the time of emission, improve emission efficiency; Avoid the continuous heavy-current discharge of battery to cause " polarization phenomena ".Specifically, the zero-time that sends at every turn and receive is all determined by the edge of GPS output PPS.
(8) stroboscopic lamp above the electronic circuit board
Stroboscopic lamp is installed on the electronic circuit board, and when instrument floated, stroboscopic lamp is the effectively convenient recovery in orientation, indicating instrument place in night.
The top that stroboscopic lamp is placed in the hyperbaric chamber ball utilizes hydraulic pressure switch to control, and when the instrument come-up, hydraulic pressure reduces, stroboscopic lamp work, and light source adopts the luminescence efficiency height, and penetrability is high brightness LED preferably.Can continuous working more than 12 hours.
Two, uncoupling rigging (seeing also " seven-channel multi-functional submarine seismograph " application number is 200810117385.4):
Uncoupling rigging 21 is a double-decker, comprise stainless steel Luo post 11, Luo bar back up pad 12, wrapping wire fixed head 16, wherein, sheet be arranged in parallel around silk fixed head 16 and sheet ring Luo bar back up pad 12, with most stainless steel Luo posts 11 that both are affixed, wherein two Luo post 11 upper ends that are positioned on diameter upper surface of stretching out fixed head 16 interconnects, and constitutes suspension hook 15; Luo bar back up pad 12 diameter of bores and plastic instrument cabin 22 top outside diameters are suitable.
Sheet is provided with positive pole 13, unhook slide block 13, wrapping wire nail 14, negative pole 17 around silk fixed head 16 upper surfaces, positive pole 8, negative pole 17 are positioned at the relative both sides of fixed head 16 diameter of bore directions, the set nut 9 that is spirally connected behind the socket silk pressing pad 10 on anodal 8, socket negative pole protective sleeve 18 on the negative pole 17; Two ends on the perpendicular diametric(al) of the diametric(al) that constitutes with anodal 8, negative pole 17, be provided with groove in fixed head 16 peripheries to the center of circle, respectively be provided with a unhook slide block 13 in two grooves, L shape unhook slide block 13 is suitable with groove, it has a fixed interface in the middle of the fixation wall of upper process, fixed interface is intertwined and connected for taut wire 23, and its base is provided with a plurality of wrapping wire nails 14 and and confines the Luo bolt; Also be provided with a plurality of wrapping wire nails 14 at fixed head 16 upper surfaces, wrapping wire nail 14 evenly distributes, and the position of distribution constitutes annular with the position of positive pole 8, negative pole 17.
One fusing steel wire 19 is through anodal 8 and follow closely 14 coiled rings through all wrapping wires in proper order, and tightens up the location with set nut 9 and wrapping wire nail 14, and unhook slide block 13 is fixed on the fixed head 16, and fusing steel wire 19 and two negative poles 17 touch; Two negative poles 17 promptly are two striking points 20.
Behind fixed plastics instrument room 22, lay down the confinement Luo bolt 212 on the unhook slide block 13, utilize clamping screw 26 to come taut wire 23 to adjust the fastening degree of instrument room 22 again; Utilize the seawater characteristic when instrument reclaims, carry out electrocorrosion fusing steel wire 19 at two striking points, 20 places, unhook slide block 13 is tightened up steel wire 23 and pulls out, and instrument room 22 promptly utilizes the buoyant of sea water come-up, so that reclaim.
(1) wrapping wire fixed head 16 adopt have high mechanical properties, high rigidity, engineering plastic nylon that toughness is strong process, and be not yielding in water, be difficult for being corroded.
(2) wrapping wire nail 14 is parts comparatively crucial in the uncoupling rigging, so we adopt the special stainless steel of 316L to make, this material all is better than common stainless steel for the corrosion resistance of seawater and various corrosive mediums.
(3) fusing steel wire 19 is core components of whole uncoupling rigging, and the 316 corrosion-resistant steel wires that we select for use are processed through special process by 49 strands of finer wires of 7 bundles, and are easily bent and soft.When bending, do not resemble and seem too hard the single steel wire, can be close to the wrapping wire nail during tension.
Uncoupling rigging 21 is as the important composition parts of instrument removal process, and the assembling of mechanism, debugging work all can be passed through indoor the test, just can install and use.The good uncoupling rigging of test is fixed on the top of instrument room 22 by 8 groups of stainless steel screws, can finish assembling easily.Parts machining process in the mechanism and selection all can guarantee to work long hours in seawater, and after the while can be implemented in and receive instruction, steel wire was promptly fused in 5 minutes.Reclaim whole process up to instrument and be no more than 10 minutes.
Three, heavy coupling frame (seeing also " seven-channel multi-functional submarine seismograph " application number is 200810117385.4):
Clamping screw 26 is dismountable affixed with taut wire 23 lower ends, closely link to each other with uncoupling rigging 21 by corrosion-resistant taut wire 23, its weight and volume is suitable for control rate of sinking and sinking attitude in the sinking process, and when instrument sinks to the seabed, can keep correct attitude and enter duty, and, improve the authenticity of instrument record data for seismograph provides reliable and stable pedestal in seabed work.After the instrument come-up, heavy coupling frame is discarded in the seawater.
By corrosion-resistant taut wire 23 instrument is fastened on the heavy coupling frame 24; will be with clamping screw 26 with corrosion-resistant taut wire 23 tensions of plastics protection skin; fastening by 8 strands; divide two groups; the unhook slide block 13 of every group 4 strands tension one uncoupling riggings 21; reduced the stressed degree of single steel wire, can make very stable being fixed on the pedestal of instrument.
Use dynamic process:
Choose and throw in place and orientation, submarine seismograph is rendered to the seabed, after instrument lands, accurately locate with sonar system immediately.Inside perceives the seabed attitude not at ordinary times by attitude sensor 7, by drawing wave detector on the direct current generator that is positioned at above the battery case lid, make it to be separated from glass cabin ball 35, transfer to level and put back to ball 35 bottoms, glass cabin again according to the deadweight effect, after this inner seismometer and digital collection device enter duty simultaneously, disturb and seismic signal in the continuous recording seabed, and be stored in the internal storage.
When the needs collection apparatus, the recovery signal is sent by sonar system in surrounding waters, position at this instrument place, after instrument is received signal, begin the steel wire that fuses, about 5 minutes instrument rooms and heavy coupling frame 24 break away from, and float automatically to the water surface, send the positional information at its places behind the emersion sea by gps antenna 29, determine the instrumental azimuth according to this information or range estimation mode, salvage and go on board.Extract recorded data then for analyzing and research.
(1) interior integrally
Instrument internal adopts electric battery 31, electronic circuit 30, three-component high frequency geophone 33 incorporate structural designs, electric battery is placed on the ball of glass cabin by O type circle 34, circuit board be installed in battery case lid above, make it into as a whole, can outside the ball of glass apparatus cabin, assemble, debug, the submarine seismograph that test is finished is put in the ball of glass cabin then, fixes interior arrangement by glass cabin ball extruding O type circle.Need assemble in ball and debug compared with submarine seismograph in the past, the incorporate design of inner structure has had significantly reduction on time and workload, and is simple, convenient and reduced additional chatter.
Submarine seismograph in the past (the high-frequency seabed seismograph of developing in earlier stage such as us of three-component) all is that the scattered mode of passing through adhering with epoxy resin is fixed on two halves cabin ball up and down usually with parts such as battery, seismometer, register, underwater sound modules, very easily cause the damage of withstand voltage glass cabin ball, while wiring complexity, be difficult to assembling and debugging, be easy to generate the record of additional chatter noise effect instrument the earthquake signal.
This integral structure is that our novelty is invented, and this makes submarine seismograph realize that complexity of producing in batches reduces greatly, and this technology also can apply in the miscellaneous equipment that adopts this type of cabin ball simultaneously.
(2) trip mechanism (seeing also " seven-channel multi-functional submarine seismograph " application number is 200810117385.4):
Uncoupling rigging 21 adopts top unhook slide block 13 wireropes system to be solidly connected, and utilizes clamping screw 26 taut wires to adjust the fastening degree of instrument room, and whole process is convenient to fitting operation; When instrument reclaims, underwater sound pressure transducer receives releasing order that the water surface sends, positive pole on the uncoupling rigging of submarine seismograph begins to power up and utilizes the seawater characteristic to carry out electrocorrosion fusing steel wire 19, and unhook slide block 13 is tightened up steel wire 23 and pulls out, and instrument room 22 utilizes the buoyant of sea water come-up.Short and good reliability of the removal process time of submarine seismograph.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration comprises plastic instrument cabin, glass apparatus cabin ball, uncoupling rigging, heavy coupling frame; Glass apparatus cabin ball is installed in the plastic instrument cabin, and uncoupling rigging is positioned at top, plastic instrument cabin, and heavy coupling chord position is in plastic instrument bilge end; Affixed with taut wire between uncoupling rigging and heavy coupling frame, the plastic instrument cabin is fixed in the heavy coupling frame; It is characterized in that: be provided with gimbaling in the ball of glass apparatus cabin, gimbaling comprises direct current generator, counterweight copper coin, regulates center of gravity threaded hole, wave detector seat, aluminum snap ring; There is the plectane of through hole at counterweight copper coin, the wave detector seat center of being all, and be measure-alike; One plain conductor pipe, the internal diameter of its external diameter and central through hole is suitable, and order is passed the central through hole of counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat and counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat quadrature is affixed, and counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat have a gap each other; The three-component high frequency geophone comprise one vertically to wave detector, two levels to wave detector, wave detector seat upper surface is provided with vertically to wave detector, wave detector seat side has two grooves the level of two quadratures to be housed to wave detector respectively, it is affixed by screw that the aluminum snap ring is enclosed within wave detector seat outside, aluminum snap ring and wave detector seat are horizontally disposed with, and a gap is arranged mutually;
Aluminum snap ring lower surface is cambered surface, and is suitable with glass apparatus cabin ball inwall;
Be fixedly arranged on the upper surface of O type circle about battery components relatively, level is provided with electronic circuit board on two electric battery top cell lids, the electronic circuit board upper horizontal is provided with antenna holder, rack upper surface is fixed with gps antenna, the electronic circuit board lower horizontal is provided with a motor frame, on the motor frame direct current generator is arranged, steel wire twines wheel, steel wire twines wheel and is positioned at motor frame center, one end of the output shaft of direct current generator and steel wire is affixed, the other end of steel wire is walked around steel wire and is twined the vertical below of wheel, and pass the conduit central passage, affixed with counterweight copper coin inwall, with the counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat and three-component high frequency geophone hang.
2, ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described counterweight copper plate thickness 〉=8mm is evenly distributed with threaded hole, with the center of gravity with screw adjusted three-component high frequency geophone on it.
3, ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described gimbaling, its course of work is: open direct current generator, mention the counterweight copper coin through winding steel wire, wave detector seat and three-component high frequency geophone, make the wave detector seat leave ball bottom, glass cabin, this moment three-component high frequency geophone and counterweight copper coin, the wave detector seat can rotate freely, the anglec of rotation≤30 degree, according to the counterweight copper coin, wave detector seat and three-component high frequency geophone assembly from the readjust balance, adjusted, utilized direct current generator to discharge steel wire again the wave detector seat is put back to ball bottom, glass cabin.
4, ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described three-component high frequency geophone also comprises attitude sensor, attitude sensor adopts solid-state mems device, be fixed on the counterweight copper coin, be electrically connected with DC motor control circuit, three-component high frequency geophone respectively, can read the three-component high frequency geophone attitude of any time, when the angle of inclination of wave detector surpassed the work allowed band, control circuit instruction direct current generator was adjusted wave detector at integral point constantly.
5, ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: electronic circuit, collector systems, underwater sound communication module are fixed on the top of battery case lid, make the electric battery of ball inside, glass cabin, the geophone group zoarium becomes an integral body, outside the ball of glass apparatus cabin, assemble, debug, the instrument that test is finished is put in the ball of glass cabin then, fixes interior arrangement by glass cabin ball extruding O type circle;
Three-component high frequency geophone, underwater sound pressure transducer, the instrument of these two kinds of different operating frequency bands are gathered the data of instrument record by the digital collection device, make instrument can write down artificial source signal.
6, ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described three-component high frequency geophone frequency is 10-250Hz.
7, ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the seismological observation mode flows in its seabed:
Submarine seismograph receives artificial source signal and carries out active observation, does two-dimensional observation, uses high-frequency wave detector, and the data of acquisition can the comparatively meticulous geologic structure of Inversion for bottom, the geologic structure depth as shallow of observation.
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| CN200810240946XA CN101441274B (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2008-12-24 | Ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration |
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| CN200810240946XA CN101441274B (en) | 2008-12-24 | 2008-12-24 | Ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration |
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| CN101441274B CN101441274B (en) | 2011-01-19 |
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Assignee: Shanghai Zhongke Mining Co., Ltd. Assignor: Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Contract record no.: 2010210000100 Denomination of invention: Ocean-bottom seismograph for natural gas hydrate exploration License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20090527 Record date: 20100624 |
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