CN101436978A - Method for authentic data transmission using UDP protocol - Google Patents
Method for authentic data transmission using UDP protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN101436978A CN101436978A CNA2007100942332A CN200710094233A CN101436978A CN 101436978 A CN101436978 A CN 101436978A CN A2007100942332 A CNA2007100942332 A CN A2007100942332A CN 200710094233 A CN200710094233 A CN 200710094233A CN 101436978 A CN101436978 A CN 101436978A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for transmitting reliable data by using a UDP protocol, which can avoid the phenomenon of loss of a datagram, unordered arrival of a data packet, and the like, and can achieve congestion control, so as to achieve reliable data transmission in Internet by using the UDP protocol, and enhance convenience and success rate of data transmission in Internet application such as P2P and the like. The method mainly comprises: a step of carrying out connection handshake between a sender and a receiver; a step of storing data sent by the sender into a sending queue during data transmission and then deleting the sent data from the sending queue after receiving response of the receiver; a step of putting effective data into a receiving buffer according to a serial number of a data packet during data transmission after the receiver receives the data packet sent by the sender; and a step of negotiating closing connection between the sender and the receiver of the data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of data transmission method that in computer software and the Internet, carries out, relate in particular to a kind of method of using udp protocol to carry out reliable data transmission.
Background technology
Along with the variation and the various novel internet, applications of the Internet access technology continues to bring out, traditional internet data host-host protocol Transmission Control Protocol and udp protocol can not satisfy the demand of novel internet, applications to transfer of data completely.The assurance mechanism that udp protocol does not provide data to transmit, if losing of datagram for example in the transmittance process from the transmit leg to recipient, occur, udp protocol itself can not be made any detection or prompting, therefore to be commonly called be unreliable host-host protocol to udp protocol, so when needs in the Internet between two main frames reliably during the transmission data, people tend to select Transmission Control Protocol to carry out the transmission of data.But, in network application environments such as P2P, because the existence of internet firewall and NAT gateway, might not use Transmission Control Protocol to connect between two main frames, thereby can't carry out reliable transfer of data, but in these network application environments, udp protocol but can carry out insecure transfer of data between two main frames.In addition, because the connection of Transmission Control Protocol relates to the various resources of operating system inside, establishment of connection and release have certain cost with respect to udp protocol, and some operating system limits the indexs such as number of connection of Transmission Control Protocol, and these all can influence the use of Transmission Control Protocol in internet, applications.Therefore for network applications such as P2P, use udp protocol than using the easier feasible transmission data of Transmission Control Protocol and arrive destination host smoothly.
Because when therefore using udp protocol to carry out transfer of data at present, mainly there are following three aspect problems in the assurance mechanism that udp protocol does not provide data to transmit:
1, be easy to generate the phenomenon of data-bag lost, promptly UDP message wrap in the internet transmission process may factor according to damaging or congested and be routed device and abandon;
2, the phenomenon that data packet disorder arrives easily takes place, promptly wrap in when arriving reciever may the order entanglement for the UDP message sent in order of transmit leg, thereby influences the parsing of data;
3, do not have congested control ability, therefore when the packet transmission speed surpasses the throughput of data link layer, can cause data-bag lost, thereby reduce data transmission efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of method of using udp protocol to carry out reliable data transmission, can avoid taking place in the data transmission procedure phenomenons such as datagram is lost, data packet disorder arrival, and can realize the function of congested control, thereby realize reliable data transmission based on udp protocol.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method of using udp protocol to carry out reliable data transmission, comprising:
(1) between transmit leg and recipient, connects the step of shaking hands;
(2) in data transmission procedure, the data that transmit leg is sent are saved in the transmit queue, and in the step of receiving that the data that will send again after the recipient responds are deleted from transmit queue;
(3) in data transmission procedure, after the recipient receives the packet that transmit leg sends, valid data are put into the step that receives buffering according to the sequence number of described packet;
(4) consult to close step of connecting between data receiver and the reciever.
This method also is included in when carrying out described step (1), (2), (3) and/or (4), to transmitting the step that various packets carry out overtime re-transmission between transmit leg and the recipient.
This method also comprises: in the process of execution in step (2), transmit leg carries out the step of congested detection.
The present invention is owing to adopted technique scheme, has such beneficial effect, phenomenons such as the generation datagram is lost, data packet disorder arrival have promptly effectively been avoided, and realized congested control, thereby realized to use udp protocol in the Internet, to carry out reliable transfer of data, especially strengthened the convenience and the success rate of transfer of data in the internet, applications such as P2P.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:
Fig. 1 is for the package time sequence of the Application Example of the method for the invention and flow to schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The method that use udp protocol of the present invention carries out reliable data transmission comprises:
At first, need between transmit leg and recipient, to connect the process of shaking hands.This connection handshake procedure mainly is divided into following four steps: the first step, transmit leg sends the predetermined udp port of TPCMD_CONNECT command packet to the recipient, should comprise the sequence number of size, channel number and the initial data packets of the employed reception formation of transmit leg in this TPCMD_CONNECT command packet.Second step, after the recipient receives the TPCMD_CONNECT command packet, send the TPCMD_CONNECT_ACK command packet to transmit leg, comprise the sequence number of size, channel number and the initial data packets of the employed reception formation of recipient in this TPCMD_CONNECT_ACK command packet.The 3rd step after transmit leg is received the TPCMD_CONNECT_ACK command packet, sent the TPCMD_CONNECT_EST command packet to the recipient, and the connection of notice upper level applications is set up successfully.In the 4th step, after the recipient received the TPCMD_CONNECT_EST command packet, the notice upper level applications had new client to connect foundation.
When after successfully connecting between transmit leg and the recipient, just can between transmit leg and recipient, carry out data and transmit.Because in the data transfer procedure, packet arrives preceding might the losing of destination host (being the recipient), therefore the data that need transmit leg is sent are saved in the transmit queue, and are receiving that the data that will send again after the recipient responds delete from transmit queue.Described data queue can be a fifo queue, and when transmit leg sent data, needing earlier adding the tail of the queue of this data queue after the package number, sending command word then was that the command packet of TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME is to the recipient.After the recipient receives the command packet that this command word is TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME, need transmission command word is that the UDP command packet of TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME_ACK is responded to transmit leg, and transmit leg shifts out transmit queue with all packets before the corresponding sequence number more then.
In data transmission procedure, after the recipient receives the packet that transmit leg sends, also should number valid data be put into and receive buffering according to sequence of data packet.Data are by the sequence number decision of packet in the position that receives buffering, and the data of flanking sequence number are placed on together and are merged into a big data block.After reception buffering area head is filled by consecutive data block, notify upper level applications by call back function with described data block; Then, the head pointer that receives buffering area is moved backward; After the head pointer that receives buffering area moves on to reception buffering area afterbody, the head pointer that receives buffering area is reset to the buffering area head.
In order to guarantee in the data transmission procedure, therefore packet can also should not realize that congested detections is machine-processed at transmit leg because of congested and lose, and this mechanism comprises a congested acquisition mode sign and congested threshold values.Congested acquisition mode is masked as the Boolean type variable, is used to represent currently whether carrying out congested detection.Congested threshold values is used for then limiting that transmit queue has sent but the quantity of data packets that is not identified is a unit with the byte.Congested initial value of threshold is a maximum unit that sends.
In one embodiment, described congested detection mechanism can be achieved as follows operation:
When transmit leg sends data, at first check congested acquisition mode sign, be " very " if this is worth, then calculate first and can send data volume, this first can send the quantity of data packets that is not identified in data volume=congested threshold values-transmit queue.Have only when this first can send data volume and just can send the UDP message bag to the recipient greater than zero the time, and the data of sending are put into the transmit queue afterbody.If congested acquisition mode is " vacation ", then calculate second and can send data volume, this second can send the remaining space size that data volume equals transmit queue.Then, data are put into the transmit queue afterbody after second data that can send data volume are sent to the recipient.Then, check the size of current transmit queue, if its value then is made as " very " with congested probe mark greater than congested threshold values size.When all data in the transmit queue all are identified and the situation of overtime re-transmission do not occur, congested probe mark is made as " vacation " and the congested value of cutting down is increased a maximum unit that sends.If cross the situation of overtime re-transmission, after all data all are identified, congested probe mark is made as " vacation " and congested threshold values is reduced a maximum unit that sends.
When all data all send finish after, between transmit leg and reciever, also need hold consultation and close step of connecting, specifically comprise following process: after transmit leg is finished the data transmission, send the TPCMD_DISCONNECT command packet to the recipient, and oneself be set to the CLOSE_WAIT state.The recipient receives after the TPCMD_DISCONNECT command packet that notice upper level applications interface channel closed and send the TPCMD_DISCONNECT_ACK command packet to transmit leg, discharges interface channel at last.The recipient discharges interface channel after receiving the TPCMD_DISCONNECT_ACK command packet.
In above-mentioned each step, the various packets that transmit between transmit leg and the recipient all might be lost, and therefore in one embodiment, the present invention also can comprise the step that the above-mentioned various packets that transmit between transmit leg and the recipient are carried out overtime re-transmission.Described various packet can be to connect the various command packet that transmits between transmit leg and recipient in the handshake procedure, or each packet that between transmit leg and recipient, transmits in the data transfer procedure, or close various command packet that between transmit leg and recipient, transmits in the connection procedure etc.The step of described overtime re-transmission can realize by the mode that retransmission timer is set at transmit leg.For example, in connecting handshake procedure, because the TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME_ACK packet that the recipient responds can might be lost, therefore need a retransmission timer be set at transmit leg, behind this timer expiry, transmit leg just resends the packet of formation head and the retransmission timer of resetting.
As shown in Figure 1, an Application Example for according to the method for the invention has shown the package time sequence and the flow direction between transmit leg and the recipient.In the figure, initiatively be connected to the recipient, and after sending data, initiatively close connection by transmit leg.Concrete steps are as follows:
1, transmit leg distribute data passage sends the predetermined udp port of TPCMD_CONNECT packet to the recipient then.
2, the recipient receives distribute data passage behind the TPCMD_CONNECT packet, responds the TPCMD_CONNECT_ACK packet then and gives transmit leg.
3, transmit leg sends the TPCMD_CONNECT_EST packet to the recipient after receiving the TPCMD_CONNECT_ACK packet, and the connection of notice upper level applications is set up successfully.
4, after the recipient received the TPCMD_CONNECT_EST packet, the notice upper level applications had new connection to arrive.
5, put into TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME and send to the recipient after the data number that transmit leg will need to send.In this process, need to carry out congestion detection.
6, the recipient puts into the reception buffering area with data wherein after receiving the TCPCMD_STREAM_FRAME packet, the buffering area head is accepted in inspection, if continuous data block is arranged then notify upper level applications to have data to arrive and send the TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME_ACK packet to transmit leg.Receiving buffering area then slides backward.
7, transmit leg is received behind the TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME_ACK packet according to wherein the sequence number data with the transmit queue head and is shifted out.
8, circulation 5 to 7 steps are finished all data transmissions up to transmit leg.
9, after transmit leg is finished the data transmission, send the TPCMD_DISCONNECT packet to the recipient, and oneself be set to the CLOSE_WAIT state.
10, the recipient receives behind the TPCMD_DISCONNECT packet that notice upper level applications interface channel closed and send the TPCMD_DISCONNECT_ACK packet to transmit leg, discharges interface channel at last.
11, the recipient discharges interface channel after receiving the TPCMD_DISCONNECT_ACK packet.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of method of using udp protocol to carry out reliable data transmission is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) between transmit leg and recipient, connects the step of shaking hands;
(2) in data transmission procedure, the data that transmit leg is sent are saved in the transmit queue, and in the step of receiving that the data that will send again after the recipient responds are deleted from transmit queue;
(3) in data transmission procedure, after the recipient receives the packet that transmit leg sends, valid data are put into the step that receives buffering according to the sequence number of described packet;
(4) consult to close step of connecting between data receiver and the reciever.
2, carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to the described use udp protocol of claim 1, it is characterized in that, also be included in when carrying out described step (1), (2), (3) and/or (4), to transmitting the step that various packets carry out overtime re-transmission between transmit leg and the recipient.
3, ask 1 described use udp protocol to carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to right, it is characterized in that, also comprise: in the process of execution in step (2), transmit leg carries out the step of congested detection.
4, carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to each described use udp protocol in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the connection handshake procedure in the described step (1) comprises:
The first step, transmit leg send the predetermined udp port of TPCMD_CONNECT command packet to the recipient;
In second step, after the recipient receives the TPCMD_CONNECT command packet, send the TPCMD_CONNECT_ACK command packet to transmit leg;
The 3rd step after transmit leg is received the TPCMD_CONNECT_ACK command packet, sent the TPCMD_CONNECT_EST command packet to the recipient, and the connection of notice upper level applications is set up successfully;
In the 4th step, after the recipient received the TPCMD_CONNECT_EST command packet, the notice upper level applications had new client to connect foundation.
5, carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to the described use udp protocol of claim 4, it is characterized in that, comprise the sequence number of size, channel number and the initial data packets of the employed reception formation of transmit leg in the described TPCMD_CONNECT command packet; Described TPCMD_CONNECT_ACK command packet comprises the sequence number of size, channel number and the initial data packets of the employed reception formation of recipient.
6, carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to each described use udp protocol in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the detailed process of described step (2) is as follows: described data queue is a fifo queue, when transmit leg sends data, needing earlier adding the tail of the queue of this data queue after the package number, sending command word then is that the command packet of TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME is to the recipient; After the recipient receives the command packet that this command word is TPCMD_FRAME, the transmission command word is that the UDP command packet of TPCMD_STREAM_FRAME_ACK is responded to transmit leg, and transmit leg shifts out transmit queue with all packets before the corresponding sequence number more then.
7, carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to each described use udp protocol in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, the detailed process of described step (3) is: the position of described reception buffering is the sequence number decision by packet, and the data of flanking sequence number put together and be merged into a data block; After reception buffering area head is filled by consecutive data block, notify upper level applications by call back function with described data block; Then, the head pointer that receives buffering area is moved backward; After the head pointer that receives buffering area moves on to reception buffering area afterbody, the head pointer that receives buffering area is reset to the buffering area head.
8, carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to the described use udp protocol of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (4) specifically comprises:
Send the TPCMD_DISCONNECT command packet to the recipient, and oneself be set to the CLOSE_WAIT state; The recipient receives after the TPCMD_DISCONNECT command packet that notice upper level applications interface channel closed and send the TPCMD_DISCONNECT_ACK command packet to transmit leg, discharges interface channel at last; The recipient discharges interface channel after receiving the TPCMD_DISCONNECT_ACK command packet.
9, carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to the described use udp protocol of claim 2, it is characterized in that, realize described overtime retransmissions steps by the mode that retransmission timer is set at transmit leg.
10, the described use udp protocol of root claim 3 carries out the method for reliable data transmission, it is characterized in that, comprises a congested acquisition mode sign and a congested threshold values in the described congestion control mechanism; Described congested acquisition mode is masked as the Boolean type variable, is used to represent currently whether carrying out congested detection; Described congested threshold values is a unit with the byte, is used for limiting that transmit queue has sent but the quantity of data packets that is not identified.
11, carry out the method for reliable data transmission according to the described use udp protocol of claim 10, it is characterized in that described congestion control mechanism is used to be achieved as follows operation:
When transmit leg sends data, at first check described congested acquisition mode sign, be " very " if this is worth, then calculate first and can send data volume, this first can send the quantity of data packets that is not identified in data volume=congested threshold values-transmit queue; Have only when described first can send data volume and just can send packet to the recipient greater than zero the time, and the data of sending are put into the transmit queue afterbody;
If described congested acquisition mode is " vacation ", then calculate second and can send data volume, described second can send the remaining space size that data volume equals transmit queue; Then, data are put into the transmit queue afterbody after described second data that can send data volume are sent to the recipient;
Then, check the size of current transmit queue, if the size of this current transmit queue greater than congested threshold values size, then is made as " very " with described congested probe mark; And when all data in the transmit queue all are identified and the situation of overtime re-transmission do not occur, described congested probe mark is made as " vacation ", and described congested value of cutting down is increased a maximum unit that sends; If cross the situation of overtime re-transmission, then after all data all are identified, described congested probe mark is made as " vacation ", and described congested threshold values is reduced a maximum unit that sends.
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