CN101436649A - Electrochemical cell - Google Patents
Electrochemical cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101436649A CN101436649A CNA2008101497251A CN200810149725A CN101436649A CN 101436649 A CN101436649 A CN 101436649A CN A2008101497251 A CNA2008101497251 A CN A2008101497251A CN 200810149725 A CN200810149725 A CN 200810149725A CN 101436649 A CN101436649 A CN 101436649A
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- concave
- shaped receptacle
- sealing plate
- sealing
- container
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to an electrochemical cell, which is used for solving the following problem existing in the prior rectangular parallel tube-packaged type non-aqueous electrolyte cell or electrical double-layer capacitor: considering liquid electrolyte contained in the cell, the high-reliability sealing cannot be achieved unless a combined part is provided with enough edges to a certain degree. The edge of a container is provided with a metal layer which comprises a braze welding material and a metal ring which have similar thermal expansion coefficients of a concave container of the non-aqueous electrolyte cell or the electrical double-layer capacitor, and a metal sealing plate which has similar performance with the metal ring and is provided with a braze welding material layer on the combining surface; besides, a paired electrode comprising an anode and a cathode, a partition and the electrolyte are contained in the concave container, the sealing plate is placed on the container, and a parallel joint seam resistance welding method is used for performing welding to achieve the high-reliability sealing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and by the electrochemical cell of for example nonaqueous electrolyte battery of mounted on surface and to utilize the double-layer capacitor of electric double layer principle.
Background technology
Electrochemical cell for example nonaqueous electrolyte battery and double-layer capacitor all the time with the stand-by power supply that acts on time clock feature, be used for semiconductor memory stand-by power supply, be used for electronic equipment for example microcomputer or IC memory stand-by power supply, be used for the battery of solar energy clock and motor driven power supply, in recent years, these batteries are laid in the unit and are obtained research as power supply that is used for for example electric motor car and the auxiliary electric energy that is used for the power conversion stocking system.
In the electrochemical cell of for example nonaqueous electrolyte battery and double-layer capacitor, because the reduction of power consumption in the exploitation of nonvolatile semiconductor memory and the time clock feature equipment, also decrease for the requirement of big capacity and heavy current.Ever-increasing requirement for nonaqueous electrolyte battery and double-layer capacitor is, to reduce to a great extent thickness or reflow soldering (the method comprises: will weld in advance paste be coated on the part of the printed substrates that will weld thereon and installing component to this part, or behind installing component, provide little solder sphere (welding is outstanding) to the part that will weld, then the printed substrates that these parts are installed on it is put into the stove of high-temperature atmosphere, the temperature that this high-temperature atmosphere is set to be higher than the scolder fusing point is 200 to 260 ° of C for example, be used for the welding of this parts, and with this melting solder to weld.)
Fig. 2 illustrates a kind of existing electrochemical cell.Comprise the positive pole of positive active material 201 and electrode collector (current collector) 202 and comprise negative electrode active material 204 and the negative pole of electrode collector 202 is separated by dividing plate 208, and anodal housing 203 and negative pole housing 205 keep together itself and electrolyte 206.Clog and seal anodal housing 203 and negative pole housing 205 with packing ring 207.In existing electrochemical cell,,,, cause the cost increase in view of part count and number of preparation steps purpose increase so be necessary to make terminal etc. to be welded in shell in advance carrying out reflow soldering because cross section be the circle of coin or button shape for example.In addition, in substrate, be necessary for terminal the space is provided, and this has limited dwindling of size.
When also the rectangle electrochemical cell being studied, find to obtain when being difficult in size dwindles seal cavity.
[patent documentation 1]
JP-A?No.2001-216952
The rectangle electrochemical cell can not seal by the housing that crimping is different from circular batteries.Therefore, in order just to seal the top that must sealing plate be attached to concave-shaped receptacle by some or other modes.This associated methods comprise use that bonding agent method, sinter are legal, method of laser welding, ultrasonic bonding and electric resistance welding method.
Yet, since nonaqueous electrolyte battery or double-layer capacitor within it portion comprise electrolyte (normally solution), so can not obtain the sealing of high reliability, unless on certain limit, be provided for the edge of bound fraction.
For example, the brazing material that brazing material for example is equal to substantially with the edge of concave-shaped receptacle or welding material place this container edge, by use sealing plate be clipped in wherein with it, heat with the temperature of the fusing point that is higher than described brazing material or welding material described sealing plate, and push their with situation of implementing sealing under, can't obtain abundant sealing, this is to be heated because of the described liquid electrolyte solution that is present in inside to be leaked to the outside, unless the part of described combination has enough edges.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem, on the edge of the concave-shaped receptacle that is used for electrochemical cell, metal level is set, and passes through this metal level, to improve sealing in conjunction with described concave-shaped receptacle and sealing plate.The paired electrode, dividing plate and the electrolyte that comprise anodal and negative pole are included in the described concave-shaped receptacle, place sealing plate thereon, and by use welding method particularly the parallel seams electric resistance welding implement seam and weld.Described sealing plate and concave-shaped receptacle have close thermal coefficient of expansion, therefore can make sealing have high reliability.
Then, described metal level comprises becket and brazing material, and this becket and described concave-shaped receptacle have close thermal coefficient of expansion, by welding method this concave-shaped receptacle and sealing plate are combined.As other embodiment, described metal level includes only the brazing material that forms by plating, printing or coating.
Described concave-shaped receptacle is preferably made by insulator.More preferably, described concave-shaped receptacle is made by pottery or glass-ceramic.In addition, preferably, described becket comprises the alloy that contains cobalt, nickel and iron, and described brazing material is preferably by plating, printing or coating and is formed at nickel and/or golden film on the described becket.
Described sealing plate comprises a kind of metal, wherein, forms brazing material on the surface of a side that combines with described concave-shaped receptacle.Described sealing plate has close thermal coefficient of expansion with concave-shaped receptacle.More preferably, sealing plate metal comprise the alloy that contains cobalt, nickel and iron, the brazing material that forms on the surface of a side that combines with described concave-shaped receptacle is nickel and/or golden film.Described brazing material forms by plating, printing or coating.Preferably, be positioned at the metal layer thickness at described concave-shaped receptacle edge less than the electrode gross thickness that is positioned at sealing plate and described dividing plate one side.
Form one or more steps at described internal tank, and described dividing plate places on this step.
Electrode collector is placed the bottom of concave-shaped receptacle inside.Described electrode collector preferably includes mainly by the material that element constituted that is selected from tungsten, aluminium, titanium, carbon, palladium, silver, platinum and gold.More preferably, the conductive layer that mainly is made of carbon is placed on the described electrode collector.
In addition, described dividing plate is by comprising that polyphenylene sulfide, polyether-ether-ketone or glass fibre make as the non woven fabric of main component.
Description of drawings
The preferred embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in detail below, wherein
Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view according to nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present invention or double-layer capacitor;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of existing nonaqueous electrolyte battery or double-layer capacitor;
Fig. 3 is that metal layer thickness is greater than the cross-sectional view under the situation of the gross thickness of negative electrode active material 107 and dividing plate 105;
Fig. 4 provides under the situation of step the cross-sectional view of nonaqueous electrolyte battery or double-layer capacitor in concave-shaped receptacle of the present invention 101 inside; With
Fig. 5 provides under the situation of step the cross-sectional view of nonaqueous electrolyte battery or double-layer capacitor in concave-shaped receptacle of the present invention 101 inside.
Embodiment
Below with reference to Fig. 1 a kind of typical structure of the present invention is described.In described nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present invention or double-layer capacitor, in order to reduce to install the ratio with the mounted on surface space, the parallel pipe dress form of its profile mainly being made rectangle is effective.
Fig. 1 is that the parallel pipe of rectangle of the present invention is adorned the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of form or the cross-sectional view of double-layer capacitor.Concave-shaped receptacle 101 is made by aluminium oxide, and this aluminium oxide is by printing tungsten, placing that (a kind of alloy comprises Co:17, Ni:29, Fe: becket of balance) making 109 and sintering and make by Coval thereon on the undressed sheet material of a slice.In addition, nickel/gold plate is electroplated onto on splicing ear A 103 and the splicing ear B104, the nickel gold plate is coated on the becket 109 as brazing material 1081 (brazing material).Make silver solder, nickel scolder or aluminium solder be suitable for connecting concave-shaped receptacle 101 and becket 109.In addition, make the thickness sum of the thickness of the metal level (becket 109 and brazing material 108) that is positioned at concave-shaped receptacle 101 edges less than negative electrode active material 107 and dividing plate 105.Under the situation of described metal layer thickness greater than the thickness sum of negative electrode active material 107 and dividing plate 105, described metal level and positive active material 106 may contact with each other, and can not be used as nonaqueous electrolyte battery or double-layer capacitor.Fig. 3 illustrates metal layer thickness greater than the cross-sectional view under the thickness sum situation of negative electrode active material 107 and dividing plate 105.In preparation process, when diffusion made positive active material 106 displacement, this may contact with becket 109 and internal short-circuit takes place.
Becket 109 is electrically connected with splicing ear B 104 by tungsten layer, and wherein tungsten layer is through the side in Fig. 1 left side.
When splicing ear A, B reach the outer bottom of concave-shaped receptacle, and even when they keep under the situation of side of described container, still available described scolder is by wetting and weld with described substrate.
To place the whole surface of described concave-shaped receptacle inner bottom part as the tungsten metal level that electrode collector is used for lead, and make it penetrate the concave-shaped receptacle wall and be electrically connected with splicing ear A 103.With the electrically conducting adhesive 1111 of carbon containing in conjunction with described electrode collector and positive active material 106.For the no specific (special) requirements of combination of described electrode collector and positive active material 106, and it also can be only placed on it.Positive pole comprises electrode collector and positive active material 106.
To be coated on a part of sealing plate 102 of described container one side in order to the nickel coating that forms brazing material 1082.With the electrically conducting adhesive 1112 of carbon containing with sealing plate 102 and negative electrode active material 107 combination in advance.Negative pole comprises sealing plate 102 and negative electrode active material 107.A pair of positive pole and negative pole are formed into right electrode.
Make described positive pole and negative pole, dividing plate 105 and electrolyte solution be contained in described internal tank, and,, on each two opposite edges, sealing plate 102 is being welded by utilizing the parallel seam sealing machine of electric resistance welding principle with after sealing plate 102 cappings.Can obtain the sealing of high reliability by said method.
Concave-shaped receptacle 101 preferably for example make by insulator and heat proof material by heat stable resin, glass, pottery or glass-ceramic.As a kind of preparation method, can lead be applied to low-melting glass ceramics or on glass and stacked by the electric conductor printing, and can dry at low temperatures.Alternatively, can be itself and aluminium oxide raw cook is stacked and can be sintered by the electric conductor printing.
Preferably, material and the concave-shaped receptacle 101 that is used for described sealing plate and becket 109 has close thermal coefficient of expansion.
For example, be 6.8 * 10 with thermal coefficient of expansion
-6The aluminium oxide of/° C is used under the situation of concave-shaped receptacle 101, and using thermal coefficient of expansion is 5.2 * 10
-6The Coval of/° C is as described becket and sealing plate.
In addition, preferably, in order to improve the reliability after the welding, also can be with the Coval identical as sealing plate 102 with being used for described becket.This is because when the substrate (wiring board) that described plate is surface mounted to equipment is gone up, and promptly during reflow soldering, can be heated after this plate welding.
In addition, preferably make and can form in order to a part of lead that forms described electrode collector by thick-film methods by tungsten, palladium, silver, platinum or gold with good corrosion energy.Also can use aluminium, titanium or carbon in addition.When on concave-shaped receptacle 101 bottom surfaces, using lead as the electrode collector on the side of the positive electrode, preferred especially gold, aluminium or the tungsten of using.This is in order to be avoided the fusing of described material when applying positive potential by high anti-(withstanding) voltage material of use.In addition, for improving the conductivity between described electrode and the lead, it is effective using the carbon that contains electrically conducting adhesive.In addition, under the situation of using the low withstand voltage material, below operation is effective: the electrically conducting adhesive that applies a carbon containing is dried this surface then and is made its sclerosis to form conductive layer in the whole surface of described electrode collector metal.Using aluminium to apply under the situation of described electrode collector, can utilize normal temperature fused salt (chlorinated butyl pyridine (butyl pyridinium chloride) electroplating bath, chlorination Miconazole (imidazolium chloride) electroplating bath or vapour deposition) to carry out thermal spraying or plating.
In order to weld, preferably nickel, gold, tin or scolder are placed on the part of splicing ear A 103 and splicing ear B 104 with substrate (wiring board).Edge for concave-shaped receptacle 101 is like this too, arranges that preferably one deck and adhesives have the nickel or the gold layer of good affinity.The formation method of described layer can comprise the gas phase process and the electro-plating method of for example vapour deposition.
With surface that becket 109 and sealing plate 102 combine on be provided as brazing material nickel and/or golden film be effective.Though the fusing point of gold is 1063 ° of C, the fusing point of nickel is 1453 ° of C, can make its fusing point reduce to 1000 ° of C or lower by the alloy that forms gold and nickel.The formation method of layer can comprise for example plating, the gas phase process such as vapour deposition, coating or use the thick-film methods of printing.Consider cost, the preferred especially thick-film methods of electroplating or printing of using.
Yet, be necessary that for example P, B, S, N and C are reduced to 10% or still less with the impurity element of described brazing material layer.Under the situation of using plating, especially must be noted that.For example, in chemical plating, can be to introduce these impurity elements as reducing agent with from the form of the B of dimethylamine borane from the P of sodium hypophosphite.In addition, in metallide, owing to may for example introduce these impurity elements polishing agent or the anion from additive, so must be noted that.The amount by regulating reducing agent, additive etc. that is necessary is limited in 10% or still less with these impurity elements.If the impurity element that is mixed is 10% or more, then forms intermetallic compound, thereby cause the crack at mating surface.
Using on one side of sealing plate 102 under the situation of nickel as brazing material 1082, the preferred gold of using is as brazing material 1082 on a side of concave-shaped receptacle 101.The ratio of described gold and nickel preferably at 1:2 between the 1:1, reduce welding temperature by the fusing point that reduces described alloy, thereby but also improved cementability.
For the welding of bound fraction, can use the parallel seam welding that utilizes electric resistance welding method.By spot welding with sealing plate 102 and concave-shaped receptacle 101 temporary fixed after, roller shape electrode and sealing plate 102 relative both sides are pressed mutually, and provide electric current to weld according to the electric resistance welding principle.Can realize sealing by four limits of welded seal plate 102.Because the mode with pulse provides electric current in live-rollers shape electrode, so obtain seam (seam-like) state after the welding.Unless the control impuls width is so that overlap each single welding track by pulse, otherwise can not realize sealing fully.
Be used for containing the capacitor of electrolyte (liquid) or the welding of battery, especially preferred is the parallel seam welding that utilizes electric resistance welding method, this is because this method is compared with additive method, and the electrolyte solution that has in less heat of evaporation effect and the less battery is revealed.
Used dividing plate is preferably heat-resisting non woven fabric.For example, in such as the dividing plate of being made by rolling perforated membrane, this dividing plate is stable on heating, but this dividing plate shrinks along rolling direction because of being heated when the seam weldering that utilizes electric resistance welding method.The result can cause internal short-circuit.The dividing plate that uses heat stable resin or glass fibre is because its less shrinkage and satisfactory.As resin, be good with PPS (polyphenylene sulfide) and PEEK (polyether-ether-ketone).Glass fibre is especially effective.In addition, also can use porous ceramic and poly-fluororesin body.
In concave-shaped receptacle 101 inside step is set and dividing plate is placed on this step, this can prevent internal short-circuit effectively.As shown in Figure 4, the thickness of becket 109 is reduced to side wall less than concave-shaped receptacle 101, forming step 110, and dividing plate is placed on this step.This has significantly reduced internal short-circuit.In addition, as shown in Figure 5, it also is effective that step 1101 is provided on the side wall of concave-shaped receptacle 101.
The shape of nonaqueous electrolyte battery described in the present invention and double-layer capacitor is arbitrarily basically.As shown in Figure 2, the basic upper limit of shape by crimping and the existing double-layer capacitor made of sealing is in circle.Therefore, being placed in jointly for the electronic unit of rectangle under situations in the substrate (wiring board), form the dead band of wasting space inevitably with other great majority.Because double-layer capacitor of the present invention also can be designed to rectangle, and does not have for example protrusion of terminal, so it can be placed in the substrate effectively.
According to nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present invention or double-layer capacitor, because described splicing ear and concave-shaped receptacle integrate, and place this container outer bottom, so can save the space in the described substrate (wiring board).In addition, compatible mutually by constitute above-mentioned parts by heat proof material with reflow soldering.
Claims (2)
1. method of making electrochemical cell comprises step:
Positive pole, negative pole are provided, in order to dividing plate that separates described positive pole and negative pole and the liquid electrolyte that is arranged in concave-shaped receptacle;
Sealing plate is provided, and described sealing plate is close with the thermal coefficient of expansion of the concave-shaped receptacle on the concave-shaped receptacle; With
By parallel seam welding, through being arranged in metal level on the concave-shaped receptacle edge with described concave-shaped receptacle and sealing plate combination.
2. the method for making electrochemical cell according to claim 1, wherein said metal level comprises becket and brazing material, described becket and concave-shaped receptacle have close thermal coefficient of expansion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101497251A CN101436649A (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2004-07-22 | Electrochemical cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101497251A CN101436649A (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2004-07-22 | Electrochemical cell |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100794676A Division CN100492747C (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2004-07-22 | Electrochemical battery |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101436649A true CN101436649A (en) | 2009-05-20 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2008101497251A Pending CN101436649A (en) | 2004-07-22 | 2004-07-22 | Electrochemical cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101436649A (en) |
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2004
- 2004-07-22 CN CNA2008101497251A patent/CN101436649A/en active Pending
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Open date: 20090520 |