CN101435585A - Gas turbine combined type fuel evaporating and atomizing combustion apparatus - Google Patents
Gas turbine combined type fuel evaporating and atomizing combustion apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101435585A CN101435585A CNA2008102275338A CN200810227533A CN101435585A CN 101435585 A CN101435585 A CN 101435585A CN A2008102275338 A CNA2008102275338 A CN A2008102275338A CN 200810227533 A CN200810227533 A CN 200810227533A CN 101435585 A CN101435585 A CN 101435585A
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined fuel oil atomizing, evaporating and combusting device for a gas turbine, relates to an air inlet device of the gas turbine, a fuel oil atomizing, evaporating and blending device, and core technology of organized combustion and stable flame, and belongs to the power field of an aeronautic power propulsion system and a ground gas turbine. A nozzle 1 is arranged at a central position of an inlet of a premixing chamber 2; an evaporator 3 is fixed in an inner cavity of the premixing chamber 2; double cyclones 4 are arranged at the inside of the outlet end of the premixing chamber 2 and connected hermetically; a centrifugal nozzle 5 is arranged at a central position of the double cyclones 4; a venturi 6 is welded at a transition position of an outlet of internal and external cyclones of the double cyclones 4; a sleeve 7 is hermetically welded with the outside of an outlet of the premixing chamber 2; and the head of a combustion chamber 8 is hermetically welded with the sleeve 7. Compared with the prior fuel oil combined nozzle, the device has the advantages of improving properties of fuel oil atomizing, evaporating and blending and evenness of oil-gas space distribution, improving combustion performance, shortening flame length and reducing discharge of pollutant, and is a comparatively ideal combined fuel oil atomizing and combusting device for a high-performance gas turbine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas turbine combined type fuel evaporating and atomizing combustion apparatus, the employed combination gas oil atomization of a kind of aviation and ground gas turbine combustion by evaporation device, it belongs to the core technology of a kind of gas turbine inlet air device, fuel-oil atmozation evaporation mixing device, tissue burning and the retention flame, belongs to aviation power propulsion system and ground gas turbine power field.
Background technology
At present, the fuel nozzle in the domestic and international gas-turbine power plant uses liquid film type air atomizer spray nozzle and combination type air atomising device mostly.With the development of high-performance enginer, require completing combustion in shorter combustion zone, shorten combustion chamber length, the concentration field of fuel, the ignition performance of requirements at the higher level and fuel-lean blowout scope, lower pollutant emission are organized in weight reduction better.High temperature resistant fuel nozzle is a new problem simultaneously, prevent that port fuel is long-pending burnt, because long-pending burnt atomization quality and the life-span to nozzle of nozzle high temperature has a significant impact, and development low pollution combustor fuel delivery technology is the heat subject in the gas turbine research.Therefore, this just presses for the fuel-oil atmozation technology, improves the uniformity of fuel-oil atmozation volatility and petroleum distribution greatly.
Existing fuel nozzle technology mainly contains:
1. the simple nozzle fuel-oil atmozation is poor, and spray cone angle is little, and working range is narrow.
2. swirl atomizer has good atomization quality, rational mist of oil spatial distribution, and ignition performance is good, and the smooth combustion scope is wide, but easily smolders under the high pressure, Yi Jijiao under the high temperature.
3. the fuel oil of evaporation tube fuel system and air pre-mixing, prevapourising hang down NO
xDisperse, no smoking of the exhaust, combustibility and Temperature Distribution are more stable, but have poor reliability under automatic igniting, tempering, flame-out danger, smooth combustion narrow range, the high temperature.
4. the liquid film type air atomizer spray nozzle is an important breakthrough of fuel-oil atmozation technology, as shown in Figure 1.It is the aerodynamic atomization fuel oil of introducing nozzle locality (combustion chamber Ru Kou) that this nozzle is introduced, and the oil film of lip is subjected to inside and outside high velocity air and impacts atomizing, and airflow kinetic energy is big more, and gas liquid ratio is big more, fuel-oil atmozation better, SMD is littler.On the engine of high pressure ratio, high temperature rise, the liquid film type air atomizer spray nozzle has guaranteed mixing of fuel oil and air-flow full and uniformly, and the outlet temperature field is even, and smoke evacuation is few, thereby has replaced the status of swirl atomizer on the superior performance engine.Britain uses this nozzle on the RB211 engine.
5. the combination type air atomising device is another fuel-oil atmozation technology important breakthrough, is wherein a kind of as Fig. 2.It adopts axial double cyclones and nozzle integrated design, and fuel oil forms primary atomization through nozzle, and the oil film on the Venturi tube is atomized once more by the both sides high velocity air.Inside and outside cyclone, nozzle, Venturi tube, sleeve all have material impact to the atomizing and the blending of fuel oil, the similar liquid film type air atomizer spray nozzle of Venturi tube.It has good ignition performance, completing combustion, broad stable combustion range, the requirement that good outlet temperature field and low emission are dispersed.The E of GE company
3The application of on engine, succeeding.
4. and 5. wherein two kinds of nozzles are advanced at present fuel-oil atmozation technology, but do not have the primary atomization premix and pre-evaporation process of fuel oil, and the liquid film spatial distribution is narrow, in the combustion chamber, finish fuel-oil atmozation and with the progressively blending of air, have spray combustion and higher NO
xDischarging.
The hot test of gasoline-fueled pulse-knocking engine proves: detonation tube internal diameter 60mm, adopt axial bispin stream pneumatic operated valve rear fuel feeding (belong in the advanced aviation combined type atomising device a kind of), as shown in Figure 3.The detonation wave surge pressure 1.78Mpa that produces.When swirl atomizer being moved on to double cyclones the place ahead fuel feeding, as shown in Figure 4, the detonation wave surge pressure 2.43Mpa of generation, surge pressure has improved 0.65Mpa.This explanation the place ahead fuel feeding has improved fuel-oil atmozation evaporation and blending characteristic than rear fuel feeding (existing aviation combination air atomizer spray nozzle), has improved the detonating combustion effect.Mainly be at cyclone the place ahead fuel feeding because of swirl atomizer, the oil cone uniform particles intersperses among in the convergent passage that forms between swirl vane, little oil droplet and oil vapour can be with air motions, big oil droplet is the inboard oil film that forms at each blade turning, and the oil film at the blade exit place is atomized by blade both sides action of high-speed airflow.What liquid film type pneumatic nozzles cyclone just is equivalent to have like this, and than common liquid film type nozzle, blade lip area is big, and oil film is thin, and the fuel-oil atmozation blending is good, can the uniform gas mixture of very fast formation.And swirl atomizer is at double cyclones rear fuel feeding, and the atomizing of fuel oil is mainly by the effect of Venturi tube, and the progressively blending in the combustion chamber of the pure air of secondary and one-level oil gas mixture, and there is certain difference in gas concentration.
Fuel nozzle is the critical component of engine, and the decision engine performance is had important function.The operating pressure and the temperature of high-performance enginer combustion chamber increase substantially, and smolder, amass Jiao and NO
xEmission problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, and the key of solution depends on the successful Application of advanced fuel delivery technology, improves fuel-oil atmozation evaporation quality and distribution.Smolder aspect the measure in reduction, the improvement of fuel delivery mode effectively replaces pressure atomized fog jet with air atomizer spray nozzle and evaporation tube.Reducing NO
xThe discharging aspect, the fuel of the nozzle ejection of conventional combustion chamber directly enters the primary zone, and seldom or be not pre-mixed with air, therefore burning is created in the partial zones near the Chemical Calculation temperature, the NO that corresponding formation is high
xDischarging.All dry combustion chamber common features are to make great efforts to eliminate these local high-temperature regions, at first are dry low emissions (DLE) combustion chambers, and the DLE combustion technology mainly concentrates on the innovation that fuel is supplied with scheme.Secondly, external ultralow NO
xCombustion technology, its common feature are to supply with evenly to mix gas, rationally control the primary zone oil-gas ratio, keep burning at a lower temperature.Therefore, at the requirement of high-performance enginer, press for the novel fuel-oil atmozation technology of development.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of prior art structure, the invention provides a kind of gas turbine combined type fuel evaporating and atomizing combustion apparatus.Combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device of the present invention makes full use of and has kept the function of advanced combination type air atomizing composite set, at cyclone the place ahead fuel feeding with evaporimeter is set, increased fuel oil premix and pre-evaporation function, fuel-oil atmozation blending performance is good, has improved the gas phase oil-gas ratio.This device can adapt to the requirement of high-performance enginer development, can solve engine and smolder, amasss Jiao, high NO
xEmission problem improves combustibility and shortens combustion chamber length.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device, increased fuel oil premix and pre-evaporation process, make full use of gas kinetic energy, increase the spatial distribution of oil film, cyclone is equivalent to a plurality of liquid film type pneumatic nozzles, has improved fuel-oil atmozation blending characteristic, and oil-gas space is evenly distributed, improve combustibility, reduce and smolder, amass Jiao and NO
xDischarging can be fit to the needs that high-performance enginer develops.
A kind of gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device, this gas turbine combined type fuel atomization device comprise nozzle, premixer, evaporimeter, double cyclones, swirl atomizer, Venturi tube, sleeve, combustion chamber composition;
Described nozzle is installed in the import center of premixer;
Described premixer is meant the straight tube identical with the double cyclones external diameter, and it is in the upstream of double cyclones, is tightly connected with the outer end of double cyclones;
Described evaporimeter refers to a plurality of fine steel tubes bluff body assembly that is welded side by side, is installed in inside, premixer, and its upstream certain distance is a nozzle, and the downstream certain distance is a double cyclones;
Described double cyclones is installed in the inside of premixer's port of export, and closely is connected with the premixer,
Described centrifugal spray group is installed in the center of double cyclones;
Described Venturi tube is welded on the exit of the inside and outside cyclone of double cyclones, is in the upstream of combustion chamber,
Described sleeve is inboard to be welded with the premixer, the outside and combustion chamber welding;
Described combustion chamber is welded on the outside of sleeve.
A kind of gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device further comprises:
Described evaporimeter is meant that a plurality of pipe suits form;
Described double cyclones is meant by the opposite cyclone of inside and outside direction of rotation to be formed, and each cyclone has a plurality of blades, imports and exports to be straight section, and the centre connects with circular arc;
Described centrifugal spray group is meant the nozzle of little fuel flow or is the blowing nozzle, be meant nozzle with certain diameter and wall thickness, the interior swirler blades of double cyclones is welded on it, the a plurality of circular spray orifice jet of shower nozzle is in order to blow down the oil film on surface, import is a center hole, exports the small sircle hole of dispersing for a plurality of;
Described Venturi tube is meant the pipe with certain wall thickness, and import is for reducing the shape passage, exports to be the gradually expanded form passage;
Described sleeve is meant to have the certain thickness diverging cone;
Described combustion chamber is meant the hollow cavity with certain diameter.
A kind of gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device comprises nozzle, premixer, evaporimeter, axial swirler, swirl atomizer, Venturi tube, holder, radial swirler, connecting plate, sleeve, combustion chamber composition;
Described nozzle is meant centrifugal spray group of fuel oil or atomizing nozzle slot, is installed in the import center of premixer;
Described premixer is meant and the axial identical straight tube of double cyclones external diameter, in the upstream of axial swirler, is tightly connected with the import outer end of axial swirler;
Described evaporimeter is meant two bluff body or conveyor screws or a plurality of fine steel tube is welded side by side or a plurality of pipe suit forms, and is installed in inside, premixer, and its upstream certain distance is a nozzle, and the downstream certain distance is an axial swirler;
Described axial swirler is meant the cyclone of being made up of axial blade, is installed in the inside of premixer's port of export, and closely is connected with the premixer;
Described centrifugal spray group is meant the nozzle of little fuel flow, is installed in the center of axial swirler;
Described Venturi tube is meant the pipe with certain wall thickness, is welded on the outlet outer radius of axial swirler, and closely is connected with the premixer, is in the upstream of combustion chamber,
Described holder is meant to have certain thickness ring steel plate, circumferentially welds by inner radius and premixer, by outer radius and radial swirler welding;
Described radial swirler is meant the cyclone of being made up of radial blade, upstream and holder welding, downstream and connecting plate welding;
Described connecting plate is meant to have certain thickness ring steel plate, upstream and radial swirler welding, and the downstream gets inboard and the sleeve welding, the outside and the welding of combustion chamber tube wall.
Described sleeve is meant to have the certain thickness diverging cone, with the inboard welding of connecting plate;
Described combustion chamber is meant the hollow cavity with certain diameter, with the welding of the connecting plate outside;
Beneficial effect of the present invention makes full use of the function of advanced combination type air atomizing composite set, adopts at double cyclones the place ahead fuel feeding, and the fuel nozzle downstream is provided with evaporimeter, utilizes swirl vane atomizing premix fuel oil, has following advantage:
1.. increase fuel oil primary atomization premix and pre-evaporation process, improved fuel-oil atmozation evaporation and blending performance greatly, improved the gas phase oil-gas ratio.
2.. cyclone is equivalent to a plurality of liquid film type pneumatic nozzles, has realized fuel oil staged atomization and blending, improve greatly fuel-oil atmozation blending quality and oil-gas space distribute uniformity.
3.. the function of expansion Venturi tube atomized fuel, mist of oil can form oil film at the surfaces externally and internally of Venturi tube, and obtains good fuel-oil atmozation quality.
4.. utilize the switching of cyclone front and back nozzle, expansion smooth combustion scope realizes " soft ignition ".
5.. improve combustibility, shorten the length of flame, avoid high temperature long-pending burnt, realize low pollution emission.
Therefore, a kind of combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device of the present invention, have the fuel-oil atmozation of improvement evaporation mixing performance and oil-gas space distribute uniformity, improve combustibility, realizing the advantage of high-efficiency cleaning burning, is the comparatively ideal combined type fuel atomization device of new generation of high-performance enginer.
Description of drawings
The liquid film air atomizer spray nozzle schematic diagram of Fig. 1 prior art;
The twin shaft of Fig. 2 prior art is to the combination type air atomising device;
The nozzle of Fig. 3 prior art is at built up nozzle (pneumatic operated valve) schematic diagram of double cyclones rear fuel feeding.
The nozzle of Fig. 4 prior art is at built up nozzle (pneumatic operated valve) schematic diagram of double cyclones the place ahead fuel feeding.
Fig. 5 is gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device scheme one structural representation;
Fig. 6 is combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device scheme two structural representations;
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of gas turbine combined type fuel atomization device comprises nozzle 1, premixer 2, evaporimeter 3, double cyclones 4, swirl atomizer 5, Venturi tube 6, sleeve 7, combustion chamber 8 compositions.
Described nozzle 1 is meant the centrifugal spray group of fuel oil or other nozzle (as the atomizing nozzle slot), and it is installed in the import center of premixer 2; Described premixer 2 is meant and the identical straight tube of double cyclones 4 external diameters, and it is in the upstream of double cyclones 4, is tightly connected with the outer end of double cyclones 4; Described evaporimeter 3 is meant that a plurality of fine steel tubes are welded (or a plurality of pipe suit forms or bluff body etc.) side by side, is installed in 2 inside, premixer, and its upstream certain distance is a nozzle, and the downstream certain distance is a double cyclones 4; Described double cyclones 4 is meant by the opposite cyclone of inside and outside direction of rotation to be formed, each cyclone has a plurality of blades, import and export and be straight section, the centre connects with circular arc, it is installed in the inside of premixer's 2 ports of export, and closely be connected with premixer 2, described centrifugal spray group 5 is meant that the nozzle of little fuel flow is (or for blowing down nozzle, be meant nozzle with certain diameter and wall thickness, the interior swirler blades of double cyclones 4 is welded on it, and a plurality of circular spray orifice jet of shower nozzle is in order to blow down the oil film on surface, and import is a center hole, outlet is a plurality of small sircle holes of dispersing), it is installed in the center of double cyclones 4; Described Venturi tube 6 is meant the pipe with certain wall thickness, import is for reducing the shape passage, outlet is the gradually expanded form passage, it is welded on the exit of double cyclones 4 inside and outside cyclones, be in the upstream of combustion chamber 8, described sleeve 7 is meant to have the certain thickness diverging cone, its inboard and premixer's 2 welding, the outside and combustion chamber 8 welding; Described combustion chamber 8 is meant the hollow cavity with certain diameter, and it is welded on the outside of sleeve 7.
Erection sequence: evaporimeter 3 is fixed on the inner chamber of premixer 2; Nozzle 1 is fixed on the import center of premixer 2; Venturi tube 6 is welded on the crossover position of double cyclones 4 inside and outside cyclones; Swirl atomizer 5 is installed in the center of double cyclones 4; Double cyclones 4 is installed in 2 port of export inboards, premixer, closely connects; Sleeve 7 and premixer's 2 outlet outside seal weldings; Combustion chamber 8 heads and sleeve 7 seal weldings.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device comprises nozzle 1, premixer 2, evaporimeter 3, axial swirler 12, swirl atomizer 5, Venturi tube 6, holder 7, radial swirler 8, connecting plate 9, sleeve 10, combustion chamber 11 compositions.
Described nozzle 1 is meant the centrifugal spray group of fuel oil or other nozzle (as the atomizing nozzle slot), and it is installed in the import center of premixer 2; Described premixer 2 is meant and the axial identical straight tube of double cyclones 4 external diameters, and it is in the upstream of axial swirler 12, is tightly connected with the import outer end of axial swirler 12; Described evaporimeter 3 is meant two bluff bodies (or conveyor screw or a plurality of fine steel tube is welded side by side or a plurality of pipe suit forms), is installed in 2 inside, premixer, and its upstream certain distance is a nozzle, and the downstream certain distance is an axial swirler 12; Described axial swirler 12 is meant the cyclone of being made up of axial blade, and it is installed in the inside of premixer's 2 ports of export, and closely is connected with premixer 2; Described centrifugal spray group 5 is meant the nozzle of little fuel flow, and it is installed in the center of axial swirler 12; Described Venturi tube 6 is meant the pipe with certain wall thickness, it is welded on the outlet outer radius of axial swirler 12, and closely be connected with premixer 2, be in the upstream of combustion chamber 8, described holder 7 is meant to have certain thickness ring steel plate, circumferentially weld by inner radius and premixer 2, by outer radius and radial swirler 8 welding; Described radial swirler 8 is meant the cyclone of being made up of radial blade, its upstream and holder 7 welding, downstream and combustion chamber 11 welding: described connecting plate 9 is meant to have certain thickness ring steel plate, its upstream and radial swirler 8 welding, the downstream gets inboard and sleeve 10 welding, the outside and the welding of combustion chamber 11 tube walls: described sleeve 10 is meant to have the certain thickness diverging cone, and weld it and connecting plate 9 inboards; Described combustion chamber 11 is meant the hollow cavity with certain diameter, and weld in it and connecting plate 9 outsides.
Erection sequence: evaporimeter 3 is fixed on the inner chamber of premixer 2; Nozzle 1 is fixed on the import center of premixer 2; Venturi tube 6 is welded on axial swirler 12 outlet outer radius; Swirl atomizer 5 is installed in the center of axial swirler 12; Axial swirler 12 is installed in the inboard of premixer's 2 outlets, closely connects; Holder 7 and radial swirler 8 welding, connecting plate 7 and radial swirler 8 welding; Sleeve 10 and connecting plate 9 seal weldings; Combustion chamber 11 and connecting plate 9 seal weldings; Holder 7 and premixer's 2 seal weldings.
Embodiment 3: be illustrated in figure 5 as gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device scheme one structural representation.It is made up of nozzle 1, premixer 2, evaporimeter 3, double cyclones 4, swirl atomizer 5, Venturi tube 6, sleeve 7, combustion chamber 8.Nozzle 1 is installed in the import center of premixer 2; Premixer 2 is and the identical straight tube of double cyclones 4 external diameters, and it is in the upstream of double cyclones 4, is tightly connected with the outer end of double cyclones 4; Evaporimeter 3 is installed in 2 inside, premixer, and its upstream certain distance is a nozzle, and the downstream certain distance is a double cyclones 4; Double cyclones 4 is installed in the inside of premixer's 2 ports of export, and closely is connected with premixer 2, and swirl atomizer 5 is installed in the center of double cyclones 4; Venturi tube 6 is welded on the exit of double cyclones 4 inside and outside cyclones, is in the upstream of combustion chamber 8; The inboard of sleeve 7 and premixer's 2 welding, the outside and combustion chamber 8 welding; Combustion chamber 8 is welded on the outside of sleeve 7.
The present invention program one adopts nozzle 1 to be installed in evaporimeter 3 upstreams, adjusting by relative position, guarantee that nozzle 1 becomes even mist of oil field in evaporimeter 3 upstream row, mist of oil (comprising premixer's inner surface) on evaporimeter 3 all surperficial bodies forms oil film, oil film is motion downstream under the air-flow effect, by high-speed gas atomization, make oil gas evenly mixed in evaporimeter 3 outlets; Premixer 2 should reduce intake resistance, guarantees enough inlet channel areas again, controls rational air velocity, when guaranteeing good atomizing, prevents tempering again, and it and cyclone are tightly connected; Evaporimeter 3 for a plurality of in parallel by all means fixed with each other (adopt a plurality of different-diameters be assembled into one by all means part or adopt the combination form of bluff body), outer rim can contact with premixer's 2 inwalls, straight tube gets diameter and quantity will be determined according to stopping up ratio and air velocity, and a large amount of mist of oils form oil film also atomizing and evaporation on its surface; Double cyclones 4 is installed in the downstream of 2 exits, premixer and evaporimeter 3, and mist of oil forms oil film once more on swirl vane, and oil film is by the aerodynamic atomization blending of blade both sides, and making and entering combustion chamber 8 heads is uniform oil gas mixture, and the gas phase oil-gas ratio improves; Swirl atomizer 5 is installed in the center of double cyclones 4, when burning starting and little load, has only swirl atomizer 5 fuel feeding, can guarantee good ignition performance and wide wide oil-poor combustion stability limit, reduces the discharging of pollutant; Venturi tube 6 is installed in the exit of double cyclones 4 inside and outside cyclones, allow the mist of oil of swirl atomizer 5 form oil film thereon, or when having only nozzle 1 fuel feeding, the mist of oil part of blade atomizing form oil film thereon, oil film is changed the recirculating zone effect simultaneously by the both sides high-speed gas atomization; The inboard of sleeve 7 and premixer's 2 welding, the outside and combustion chamber 8 welding change flow field structure, and the oil film on it is had evaporation; Combustion chamber 8 heads and sleeve 7 seal weldings are combustion spaces of oil gas mixture.
The course of work of the solution of the present invention one combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device is as follows: at first be the combustion chamber air feed, when starting and little load, have only swirl atomizer 5 fuel feeding, the fuel oil of atomizing forms oil film at the Venturi tube inner surface, by the both sides high-speed gas atomization, 8 form the oil gas mixture with certain atomization quality and spatial distribution in the combustion chamber, light a fire successfully, improve the fuel-lean blowout border.When high-power and full load, close swirl atomizer 5, nozzle 1 fuel feeding, fuel oil with the air draught blending, forms certain mist of oil field by nozzle 1 ejection atomizing, mist of oil forms oil film and evaporation at evaporimeter 3 and 2 surfaces, premixer, under the effect of air-flow, oil film moves to evaporimeter 3 outlets, is atomized once more by high velocity air.Little oil droplet inertia is little, flows out cyclone 4 with air-flow, and big oil droplet forms oil film once more at the inner surface of cyclone 4 blades, at blade exit by the both sides high-speed gas atomization.The small part oil droplet can form oil film by the both sides high-speed gas atomization at Venturi tube 6 inner surfaces, and all mist of oil and oil vapour enter the combustion zone with air-flow.What blades cyclone 4 has what atomizing lips are just arranged, and what liquid film type pneumatic nozzles also just are equivalent to has, and the fuel-oil atmozation particle is thin, and spatial distribution is even, and high temperature blade has evaporation to oil film simultaneously.The fraction oil droplet forms fuel film vaporization on sleeve 7, and the aerodynamic atomization of burned chamber 8, thereby forms high gas phase oil-gas ratio and wellatomized mist of oil and rational spatial distribution.When work in the combustion chamber, all part temperatures raise, and improve the vapo(u)rability of fuel oil greatly, thereby the combustion chamber have good combustibility, and low oil-gas ratio work can realize low NOx drainage, avoids nozzle 1 coking and blocking.
Embodiment 4:
Fig. 6 is gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device scheme two structural representations.It is made up of nozzle 1, premixer 2, evaporimeter 3, axial swirler 12, swirl atomizer 5, Venturi tube 6, sleeve 7, combustion chamber 8, holder 9, radial swirler 10, connecting plate 11.
Nozzle 1 is installed in the import center of premixer 2; Premixer 2 is and the identical straight tube of axial swirler 12 external diameters, and it is in the upstream of axial swirler 12, is tightly connected with the outer end of axial swirler 12; Evaporimeter 3 is installed in 2 inside, premixer, and its upstream certain distance is a nozzle, and the downstream certain distance is an axial swirler 12; Axial swirler 12 is installed in the inside of premixer's 2 ports of export, and closely is connected with premixer 2, and swirl atomizer 5 is installed in the center of axial swirler 12; Described swirl atomizer 5 is meant the nozzle of little fuel flow, and it is installed in the center of axial swirler 12; Venturi tube 6 is welded on the exit of axial swirler 12, and closely is connected with premixer 2, is in the upstream of combustion chamber 11; Holder 9 circumferentially welds near inner radius and premixer 2, by outer radius and radial swirler 8 welding; Radial swirler 10 upstreams and holder 9 welding, downstream and combustion chamber 11 welding: 8 upstreams, combustion chamber and radial swirler 10 welding, downstream get inboard and sleeve 10 welding, the outside and the welding of radial swirler 10 tube walls: holder 9 and connecting plate 11 inboard welding; Radial swirler 10 and the welding of 8 outsides, combustion chamber.
The present invention program two adopts nozzle 1 to be installed in evaporimeter 3 upstreams, adjusting by relative position, guarantee that nozzle 1 becomes even mist of oil field in evaporimeter 3 upstream row, mist of oil (comprising premixer's inner surface) on evaporimeter 3 all surperficial bodies forms oil film, oil film is motion downstream under the air-flow effect, by high-speed gas atomization, make oil gas evenly mixed in evaporimeter 3 outlets; Premixer 2 should reduce intake resistance, guarantees enough inlet channel areas again, controls rational air velocity, when guaranteeing good atomizing, prevents tempering again, and it and cyclone are tightly connected; Evaporimeter 3 is two bluff body structures (or the straight tube that adopts a plurality of different-diameters be assembled into one part), and air velocity as required determines that bluff body stops up ratio, and a large amount of mist of oils forms oil film and atomizing and evaporation on its surface; Axial swirler 12 is installed in the downstream of inboard, 2 exits, premixer and evaporimeter 3, and mist of oil forms oil film once more on swirl vane, and oil film is made axial swirler 12 outlets be uniform oil gas mixture by the high-speed gas atomization blending of blade both sides; Swirl atomizer 5 is installed in the center of axial swirler 12; When burning starting and little load, have only swirl atomizer 5 fuel feeding, can guarantee good ignition performance and wide wide oil-poor combustion stability limit, reduce the discharging of pollutant; Venturi tube 6 is installed in axial swirler 12 exits, allows the mist of oil of swirl atomizer 5 form oil film thereon, or when having only nozzle 1 fuel feeding, the mist of oil part of blade atomizing forms oil film thereon, and oil film is changed the recirculating zone effect simultaneously by the both sides high-speed gas atomization; Holder 9 and premixer's 2 welding; Radial swirler 10 and holder 9 welding, guarantee radial swirler 10 exit flow spaces, form the outside swirling eddy of Venturi tube 6, the direction of rotation of air-flow is opposite with the direction of rotation of the air-flow of axial swirler 12, guarantees the atomization quality of Venturi tube 6 outlet fuel oils; Connecting plate 11 and radial swirler 10 welding; Sleeve 10 and connecting plate 11 inboard welding change flow field structure, and the oil film on it is had evaporation; Combustion chamber 10 and the welding of connecting plate 11 outsides are the combustion spaces of oil gas mixture.
The course of work of the double-combined fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation of the solution of the present invention device is as follows: at first be the combustion chamber air feed, when starting and little load, have only swirl atomizer 5 fuel feeding, the fuel oil of atomizing forms oil film at the Venturi tube inner surface, by the both sides high-speed gas atomization, 8 form and to have certain atomization quality and spatial distribution gets the oil gas mixture in the combustion chamber, light a fire successfully, improve the fuel-lean blowout border.When high-power and full load, close swirl atomizer 5, nozzle 1 fuel feeding, fuel oil is by nozzle 1 ejection atomizing, and the Gas Mixing in Cross flow with in the premixer 2 forms certain mist of oil field, mist of oil forms oil film and evaporation at evaporimeter 3 and 2 surfaces, premixer, under the effect of air-flow, oil film moves to evaporimeter 3 outlets, is atomized once more by high velocity air.Little oil droplet inertia is little, and to cyclone 12, big oil droplet forms oil film once more at the inner surface of axial swirler 12 blades with the air flow stream shaft, at blade exit by the both sides high-speed gas atomization.The small part oil droplet can form oil film by the both sides high-speed gas atomization at Venturi tube 6 inner surfaces, and all mist of oil enters the combustion zone with air-flow.Axial swirler 12 just is equivalent to a plurality of liquid film type pneumatic nozzles, and the fuel-oil atmozation particle is thin, and spatial distribution is even, and high temperature blade has evaporation to oil film simultaneously.Radial swirler 10 provides outside swirling eddy for Venturi tube 6, changes flow field structure, prevents that the burner inner liner wall from producing long-pending burnt carbon distribution.The fraction oil droplet forms fuel film vaporization on sleeve 10, and by the aerodynamic atomization of radial swirler 10.Thereby form high gas phase oil-gas ratio and wellatomized mist of oil and rational spatial distribution.When work in the combustion chamber, all part temperatures raise, and improve the vapo(u)rability of fuel oil greatly, thereby the combustion chamber have good combustibility, and low oil-gas ratio work can realize low NO
xNozzle 1 coking and blocking is avoided in discharging.
From above narration as can be known, the present invention is by at cyclone the place ahead fuel feeding and evaporimeter is set, increased fuel oil premix and pre-evaporation function, by on evaporimeter, premixer, cyclone, Venturi tube and sleeve, fuel oil repeatedly forms oil film and atomization and vaporization, progressively improve gas phase oil-gas ratio and fuel-oil atmozation evaporation mixing effect, made oil-gas space be evenly distributed.The coupling of swirl atomizer 5 and nozzle 1 has been expanded the smooth combustion working range.The present invention can satisfy the needs of high-performance enginer and dry combustion chamber by appropriate design.
Gas turbine combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device of the present invention.The scope of application is fuel flow 10-100g/s, and minimum venturi air velocity is greater than 50m/s, and the inlet air flow temperature is improved fuel-oil atmozation evaporation mixing quality less than 700 degrees centigrade, improves combustibility, and can realize low NO
xBurning.The present invention can be used as high performance gas-turbine engine or dry combustion chamber Ideal Match formula fuel atomization device.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device is characterized in that, this gas turbine combined type fuel atomization device comprises nozzle, premixer, evaporimeter, double cyclones, swirl atomizer, Venturi tube, sleeve, combustion chamber composition;
Described nozzle is installed in the import center of premixer;
Described premixer is meant the straight tube identical with the double cyclones external diameter, and it is in the upstream of double cyclones, is tightly connected with the outer end of double cyclones;
Described evaporimeter refers to a plurality of fine steel tubes bluff body assembly that is welded side by side, is installed in inside, premixer, and its upstream certain distance is a nozzle, and the downstream certain distance is a double cyclones;
Described double cyclones is installed in the inside of premixer's port of export, and closely is connected with the premixer,
Described centrifugal spray group is installed in the center of double cyclones;
Described Venturi tube is welded on the exit of the inside and outside cyclone of double cyclones, is in the upstream of combustion chamber,
Described sleeve is inboard to be welded with the premixer, the outside and combustion chamber welding;
Described combustion chamber is welded on the outside of sleeve.
2, a kind of combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described evaporimeter is meant that a plurality of pipe suits form;
Described double cyclones is meant by the opposite cyclone of inside and outside direction of rotation to be formed, and each cyclone has a plurality of blades, imports and exports to be straight section, and the centre connects with circular arc.
3, a kind of combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described centrifugal spray group is meant the nozzle of little fuel flow or is the blowing nozzle, be meant nozzle with certain diameter and wall thickness, the interior swirler blades of double cyclones is welded on it, the a plurality of circular spray orifice jet of shower nozzle is in order to blow down the oil film on surface, import is a center hole, exports the small sircle hole of dispersing for a plurality of.
4, a kind of combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described Venturi tube is meant the pipe with certain wall thickness, and import is for reducing the shape passage, exports to be the gradually expanded form passage.
5, a kind of combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device according to claim 1 is characterized in that,
Described sleeve is meant to have the certain thickness diverging cone;
Described combustion chamber is meant the hollow cavity with certain diameter.
6, according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 described a kind of combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation devices, it is characterized in that described fuel nozzle is at cyclone the place ahead fuel feeding.
7, according to claim 1,2,3,4 or 5 described a kind of gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation devices, it is characterized in that described fuel nozzle is at evaporimeter the place ahead fuel feeding, evaporimeter is arranged on cyclone the place ahead.
8, a kind of gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device is characterized in that, comprises nozzle, premixer, evaporimeter, axial swirler, swirl atomizer, Venturi tube, holder, radial swirler, connecting plate, sleeve, combustion chamber composition;
Described nozzle is meant centrifugal spray group of fuel oil or atomizing nozzle slot, is installed in the import center of premixer;
Described premixer is meant and the axial identical straight tube of double cyclones external diameter, in the upstream of axial swirler, is tightly connected with the import outer end of axial swirler;
Described evaporimeter is meant two bluff body or conveyor screws or a plurality of fine steel tube is welded side by side or a plurality of pipe suit forms, and is installed in inside, premixer, and its upstream certain distance is a nozzle, and the downstream certain distance is an axial swirler;
Described axial swirler is meant the cyclone of being made up of axial blade, is installed in the inside of premixer's port of export, and closely is connected with the premixer;
The centrifugal spray group of stating is meant the nozzle of little fuel flow, is installed in the center of axial swirler;
Described Venturi tube is meant the pipe with certain wall thickness, is welded on the outlet outer radius of axial swirler, and closely is connected with the premixer, is in the upstream of combustion chamber,
Described sleeve is meant to have the certain thickness diverging cone, with the inboard welding of connecting plate;
Described combustion chamber is meant the hollow cavity with certain diameter, with the welding of the connecting plate outside;
Described holder is meant to have certain thickness ring steel plate, circumferentially welds by inner radius and premixer, by outer radius and radial swirler welding;
Described radial swirler is meant the cyclone of being made up of radial blade, upstream and holder welding, downstream and connecting plate welding;
Described connecting plate is meant to have certain thickness ring steel plate, upstream and radial swirler welding, and the downstream gets inboard and the sleeve welding, the outside and the welding of combustion chamber tube wall.
9, a kind of combination gas oil atomization combustion by evaporation device according to claim 8 is characterized in that described fuel nozzle is at cyclone the place ahead fuel feeding.
10, a kind of gas turbine combined type fuel-oil atmozation combustion by evaporation device according to claim 8 is characterized in that described fuel nozzle is at evaporimeter the place ahead fuel feeding, and evaporimeter is arranged on cyclone the place ahead.
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| CN2008102275338A CN101435585B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Gas turbine combined type fuel evaporating and atomizing combustion apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008102275338A CN101435585B (en) | 2008-11-28 | 2008-11-28 | Gas turbine combined type fuel evaporating and atomizing combustion apparatus |
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| CN101435585A true CN101435585A (en) | 2009-05-20 |
| CN101435585B CN101435585B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
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