CN101433952B - Technique for manufacturing air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold - Google Patents
Technique for manufacturing air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN101433952B CN101433952B CN2008101365695A CN200810136569A CN101433952B CN 101433952 B CN101433952 B CN 101433952B CN 2008101365695 A CN2008101365695 A CN 2008101365695A CN 200810136569 A CN200810136569 A CN 200810136569A CN 101433952 B CN101433952 B CN 101433952B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for using molten alloy with low melting point to print a master mould model to form a mould cavity of a mould under the action of gas pressure. The process comprises the steps of designing of the master mould model, forming of gypsum half mould, preparation of low-melting point molten alloy, gas pressure cast forming of an alloy A half mould, finishing of the alloy A half mould, gas pressure cast forming of an alloy B half mould, refining of alloy A and ally B half moulds and arrangement of a wax pressing system and a casting system for production. The process has the advantages of greatly lowering processing difficulty of the mould cavity of the mould, improving the manufacturing efficiency of the mould, saving cost and time, improving production efficiency, speeding up the updating of the product, facilitating the repairing of the mould and the reutilization of the material, saving resources, and improving the utilization rate of the material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mold cavity forming technology, relate in particular to a kind of by under the effect of gas pressure, printing the technology that the master mold model forms mold cavity with low-melting alloy liquid.
Background technology
Traditional metal die manufacturing technology adopts the method for removing alloy material with mould molding more, also has by adopting low-melting alloy to carry out gravity nature moulding by casting to come alloying mould (also being referred to as low-melting-point alloy die).Waste time and energy for the former, difficulty of processing is big; For the latter, owing to be the operation of nature of gravity itself, its result often causes that to fill type imperfect, and material structure is not fine and close, the coarse deficiency that waits of mold cavity surface.At present, the manufacturing technology of low-melting-point alloy die is incomplete in the society, in the disappearance that also has technology, frock on many key links and unreasonable: such as: 1. in the design of die cavity master mold, disappearance and unreasonable is arranged for specification requirement aspects such as material, dimensional accuracy, comprehensive shrinkage factor, surface roughnesses; 2. aspect the filling of false type slurry, for how technologies such as die joint and roasting, finishing etc. are located and formed to model how disappearance and unreasonable; 3. fill on the type in the alloy cast, the method that how to make liquid metals fill type lacks and is unreasonable; 4. the technical matters of the somatotype between the alloy half module and the demoulding has disappearance and unreasonable; 5. the trim process of metal half module and means have disappearance and unreasonable or the like a series of key link and key technology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: by the high pressure that adopts artificial gas to produce, to the low-melting alloy moulding by casting, carry out the simple and easy process that is processed to form alloy mold again, though the Mold Making efficient that the thorough low-melting-point alloy die that changes in the past generally has increases than directly removing the material method, but die quality obviously descends, and directly causes the serious present situation that descends of product quality of subsequent production.Reach the production efficiency and the accurate complexity that both improve mould, guarantee that again die quality meets the requirements of purpose.
Technology of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1, design master mold model:
According to product blank drawing and actual production technology, design its mould case mold, the selected material of this master mold model requires surface hard smooth, can bear simultaneously the effect of the high-temperature metal liquid more than 400 ℃ impacts and corrosion, surface average roughness is the Ra of 0.8～1.6um, and the dimensional contraction rate gets 1%～3%;
2, molding of gypsum half mould:
Comprise following 6 steps: accurately locate the position of master mold model in the mould frame; Preparation and perfusion gypsum slurry; The oven dry sclerosis; The finishing of gypsum face; The spraying parting compound; Oven dry before the cast;
3, prepare the low-melting alloy melt
Selecting fusing point for use is low-melting alloy composition crucible for smelting below 400 ℃, heating-up temperature 270-300 ℃;
4, alloy A half module pressure pouring moulding:
Mould is divided into 2 half, and what will make earlier is the A mould, and latter made is the B mould;
Before system A mould, except that alloy liquid is ready to, also to be ready to its various servicing units, as the coating of casting ladle etc. and the oven dry of oven dry and gypsum half module.Before the cast, the gypsum half module being placed bottommost, secondly is the alloy in lightweight frame, the technology frame, and the technology cover plate is put special-purpose open-close type hermetically sealed can and casting ladle above again; Behind each point of attachment good seal, pour into a mould and pressurize.The pouring temperature of alloy liquid is 200-300 ℃, pressurization and dwell pressure 0.4-0.8Mpa, dwell time 10-30min.
5, the finishing of alloy A half module:
Behind alloy half module A moulding by casting, take off the master mold model, there is the conventional machinery processing method to process finishing to mould; After finishing finishes, the master mold model is put original position again, spray parting compound, dry, be used for preparing cast B half module;
6, the pressure pouring moulding of alloy B half module:
Before making the alloy B half module, earlier alloy melt and alloy A half module and technology servicing unit are ready to, it is such that all the other work steps 1.4 are made the A half module step by step suddenly, makes the moulding of B half module;
7, the refine of alloy A, B two half modules;
8, offer pressure wax system and production running gate system.
Technology of the present invention in the accurate position step of location master mold model in the mould frame with survey tools such as height gauge and sheetmetal rulers, the technological requirement during according to the model casting industrial production, accurately with model orientation in the aluminum alloy mould frame.
Land plaster in technology preparation of the present invention and the perfusion gypsum slurry step: water is 50～60: 40～50 preparations by weight and is injected in the mould frame.
Heating-up temperature was 100-160 ℃ when oven dry was hardened in the technology of the present invention, and the time is 2-4h.
Parting compound is aqua parting compound or finish parting compound described in the technology spraying parting compound process of the present invention.
The described low-melting alloy of technology of the present invention be fusing point be lower than below 400 ℃ the alloy of tin (Sn) content 30～50.
Process nut mould model of the present invention is similar to the actual product blank shape, and size is bigger than normal slightly.
Low-melting alloy of the present invention is Sn50Bi50 (Wt%) or Sn50Pb50.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect:
1) reduces the difficulty of processing of mold cavity greatly
Originally can not make or be difficult to some moulds of system, and, become and to make and make easily by adopting this technology.
2) improved the manufacturing efficient of mould widely
Because the die cavity of mould is former (opposite with material object), and the master mold model is formpiston (similar to material object), therefore, make the obstacle that Wax mold etc. has not only been broken through original difficult system with this technology, and make efficiency is improved greatly, save cost and time, improved productivity effect, quickened the update of product.
3) help the reparation of mould and the utilization once more of material
Owing to contain the Sn low-melting alloy its good soldering performance and its good machinability are arranged, in the production use of mould, can carry out soldering and reparation easily its defective; For the mould that does not re-use, also can carry out the remelting of melting down of material, the purified treatment by alloy obtains using once more.Save resource, improved the utilization rate of material.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment technology of the present invention is elaborated.
Technology of the present invention comprises the steps:
One, design master mold model
According to product blank drawing and actual production technology, design its mould case mold, this master mold model and actual product blank shape are quite similar, but size is bigger than normal slightly, selected model material requires: surface hard is smooth, can bear simultaneously the effect of the above high-temperature metal liquid of 400 degree and impact and corrosion, surface average roughness is the Ra of 0.8～1.6um, and the dimensional contraction rate gets 1%～3%.
Two, molding of gypsum half mould
Comprise following 6 steps: 1) accurately locate the position of master mold model in the mould frame, 2) preparation and perfusion gypsum slurry, 3) oven dry sclerosis, 4) finishing of gypsum face, 5) the spraying parting compound, 6) oven dry before the cast.
Accurately locate the position of master mold model in the mould frame: with survey tools such as height gauge and sheetmetal rulers, technological requirement during according to the model casting industrial production (the especially selection of cast gate), accurately with model orientation (otherwise can influence the demoulding of wax-pattern, even mould can't use) in the aluminum alloy mould frame.
Preparation and perfusion gypsum slurry: according to land plaster (β): water is 50～60: 40～50 preparations by weight and is injected in the mould frame.
Oven dry sclerosis: add plaster of paris with electrothermal furnace, make it slough moisture and sclerosis.Heating-up temperature is 100-160 ℃, and the time is 2-4h.
The finishing of gypsum face: adopt homemade somatotype device, with sharp weapon that plaster-type surface finishing is flat, especially want strict somatotype (otherwise can influence the demoulding of wax-pattern, even mould can't use) with master mold model touching position
The spraying parting compound: spray with aqua parting compound (as the graphite aqua) or finish parting compound (as the heavy oil flue gas), specifically select for use not produce bonding and do not cause pore when pouring into a mould, making the surface reach requirement is principle.
Oven dry before the cast: after the complete forming of gypsum half module and coating surperficial parting compound, before cast, dry and remove moisture in order to the cast alloy.
Three, prepare the low-melting alloy melt
Select rational low-melting alloy composition for use: the alloy of tin (Sn) content 30～50% (percentage by weights), crucible for smelting, heating-up temperature 270-300 ℃.
Four, alloy A half module pressure pouring moulding
Mould is divided into 2 half, and what will make earlier is the A mould, and latter made is the B mould.
Before system A mould, except that alloy liquid is ready to, also to be ready to its various servicing units, as the coating of casting ladle etc. and the oven dry of oven dry and gypsum half module.Before the cast, the gypsum half module being placed bottommost, secondly is the sky aluminum alloy frame, the technology frame, and the technology cover plate is put special-purpose open-close type hermetically sealed can and casting ladle etc. above again.
Whole system all put in place and good seal after, pour into a mould and pressurize.The pouring temperature of alloy liquid is 200-300 ℃, pressurization and dwell pressure 0.4-0.8Mpa, dwell time 10-30min.
Five, the finishing of alloy A half module
Behind alloy half module A moulding by casting, repair it, the purpose of finishing has two: the one, will play production mould for making itself, reach the quality of regulation; The 2nd, the alloy half module with after trimming goes to print remaining alloy mould, otherwise does not reach desired effect and quality.The also method of available soldering finishing.
Concrete grammar is: take off the master mold model, have the conventional machinery processing method to process finishing to mould; After finishing finishes, the master mold model is put original position again, spray parting compound, dry, be used for preparing cast B half module.
Six, the pressure pouring moulding of alloy B half module
Before making the alloy B half module, earlier alloy melt and alloy A half module and technology servicing unit are ready to, the similar front making of all the other work steps A half module is such, makes the moulding of B half module.
Seven, the refine of alloy A, B two half modules
When alloy two half modules all after the moulding, at this moment the repaiied amount of Yun Xuing is very little, and the defective when mainly repairing its moulding etc. generally can not arbitrarily be repaired, otherwise will influence the coupling of AB two half modules.Concrete restorative procedure the same (finishing of alloy A half module)
Eight, offer pressure wax system and production running gate system
For the mould that is used to produce wax-pattern, must offer running gate system and press the wax system.(running gate system that has also can just combine it when design master mold model, directly becomes a part of model.)
Press offering of wax and running gate system to adopt machine-tooled method commonly used.
Nine, the inefficacy reparation and the improvement of alloy mould
Die made with lowmelting point alloy is used to produce wax-pattern, in use for some time, and the appearance defective and the inefficacy that have; Perhaps, made amendment in the part in order to improve.Can adopt the method for soldering and local remelting to carry out.
Embodiment 1:
Present embodiment selects for use the basis brass material to make the master mold model, preparation and perfusion gypsum slurry: according to land plaster (β): water is preparation in 55: 45 by weight and is injected in the mould frame, it is 50% low-melting alloy that the low-melting alloy melt is selected tin Sn content for use, parting compound is selected the graphite aqua for use, and finishes the making of mould by above-mentioned processing step.
Embodiment 2:
Present embodiment selects for use magnesium alloy to make the master mold model, preparation and perfusion gypsum slurry: according to land plaster (β): water is preparation in 50: 50 by weight and is injected in the mould frame, the low-melting alloy melt is selected Sn50Pb50 for use, and parting compound is selected the heavy oil cigarette for use and finished the making of mould by above-mentioned processing step.
Embodiment 3:
Present embodiment aluminium alloy is made the master mold model, preparation and perfusion gypsum slurry: according to land plaster (β): water is preparation in 40: 50 by weight and is injected in the mould frame, the low-melting alloy melt is selected Sn50Bi50 (Wt%) for use, and parting compound is selected the diesel oil cigarette for use and finished the making of mould by above-mentioned processing step.
Claims (8)
1. the manufacture craft of an air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold is characterized in that
1.1 design master mold model:
According to product blank drawing and actual production technology, design its master mold model, the selected material of this master mold model requires surface hard smooth, percussion and the corrosion that simultaneously can bear the high-temperature metal melt more than 400 ℃, surface average roughness is the Ra of 0.8～1.6um, and the dimensional contraction rate gets 1%～3%;
1.2, the molding of gypsum half module:
Comprise following 6 steps: accurately locate the position of master mold model in the mould frame; Preparation and perfusion gypsum slurry; The oven dry sclerosis; The finishing of gypsum face; The spraying parting compound; Oven dry before the cast;
1.3, prepare the low-melting alloy melt:
Selecting fusing point for use is low-melting alloy composition crucible for smelting below 400 ℃, heating-up temperature 270-300 ℃;
1.4, alloy A half module pressure pouring moulding:
Mould is divided into 2 half, and what will make earlier is the alloy A half module, and latter made is the alloy B half module;
Before alloyage A half module, except that alloy melt is ready to, also to be ready to various servicing units; Before the cast, the gypsum half module is placed bottommost, secondly place alloy in lightweight frame, technology frame, technology cover plate successively, put special-purpose open-close type hermetically sealed can and casting ladle above again; Behind each point of attachment good seal, pour into a mould and pressurize; The pouring temperature of alloy melt is 200-300 ℃, pressurization and dwell pressure 0.4-0.8Mpa, dwell time 10-30min;
1.5, the finishing of alloy A half module:
Behind alloy A half module moulding by casting, take off the master mold model, the alloy A half module is processed finishing with the conventional machinery processing method; After finishing finishes, the master mold model is put original position again, spray parting compound, dry, be used for preparing cast alloy B half module;
1.6, the pressure pouring moulding of alloy B half module:
Before making the alloy B half module, earlier alloy melt and alloy A half module and technology servicing unit are ready to, it is such that all the other work steps are made the alloy A half module by 1.4 step by step suddenly, makes the moulding of alloy B half module;
1.7, the refine of alloy A, B half module;
1.8, mould offered presses wax system and production running gate system.
2. the manufacture craft of air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: accurately locate in the position step of master mold model in the mould frame with height gauge and sheetmetal ruler, described mould frame is the aluminum alloy mould frame, technological requirement during according to the model casting industrial production, accurately with the master mold model orientation in the aluminum alloy mould frame.
3. the manufacture craft of air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: land plaster in preparation and the perfusion gypsum slurry step: water is 50～60: 40～50 preparations by weight and is injected in the mould frame.
4. the manufacture craft of air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: heating-up temperature is 100-160 ℃ during the oven dry sclerosis, and the time is 2-4h.
5. the manufacture craft of air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: parting compound is aqua parting compound or finish parting compound described in the spraying parting compound process.
6. the manufacture craft of air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: low-melting alloy is that to be lower than 400 ℃, tin content be the alloy of 30～50Wt% to fusing point.
7. the manufacture craft of air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the master mold model is similar to the actual product blank shape, and size is bigger than normal slightly.
8. the manufacture craft of air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: low-melting alloy is Sn50Bi50, i.e. Sn50Wt%, Bi 50Wt%, or Sn50Pb50 is Sn50Wt%, Pb50Wt%.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101365695A CN101433952B (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2008-12-19 | Technique for manufacturing air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101365695A CN101433952B (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2008-12-19 | Technique for manufacturing air pressure type non-cutting quick-molding low melting-temperature alloy mold |
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| CN101433952A CN101433952A (en) | 2009-05-20 |
| CN101433952B true CN101433952B (en) | 2010-10-20 |
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| CN102794405A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-11-28 | 昆山市瑞捷精密模具有限公司 | Method for pouring nickel alloy mould by utilizing gypsum mould |
| CN102794394A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-11-28 | 昆山市瑞捷精密模具有限公司 | Method for pouring copper alloy mold by utilizing gypsum mould |
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