CN101429076A - 水稻育苗母乳粉 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种水稻育苗母乳粉，由加有缓释剂的肥料、调酸剂和加有载体的药剂复配制成；肥料由尿素、磷酸二铵、硫酸钾、硫酸镁、二氧化硅、硫酸亚铁、硫酸锌和缓释剂氢醌组成；调酸剂为糠醛渣子；药剂由3.3％福美双·甲霜灵和药剂载体陶土组成，上述肥料和缓释剂、调酸剂、药剂和药剂载体分别分装成三个包装袋。育苗母乳粉中加入了缓释剂，可提高养分的有效利用率，保证了水稻秧苗各生育阶段对全量营养成分的均衡需求。调酸剂为生产化工产品糠醛渣子，是废弃物的再利用，能满足稻苗对生理酸性的要求。所用药剂为广谱抗菌剂，防病、抗病效果显著。本发明包装独特，使其各成份保持独有的特性和功能，相互间不会产生拮抗作用。本发明具有保肥、调酸、抗病三种功能的综合作用。是水稻旱育苗稀植高产不可缺少的产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及一种水稻旱育苗稀植高产栽培技术，具体涉及一种水稻育苗母乳粉。
背景技术
水稻旱育苗技术，是已在全国水田地区得到大面积推广的水稻旱育稀植高产栽培技术领域中的重要技术环节。但是，在水稻旱育稀植生产实践中，由于旱育苗所用基质，氧份单一，酸度不够，无抗菌药剂，致使育出的水稻秧苗素质不强，丰产性能差。再先专利，号00123037.9，水稻旱育苗床土调制剂，它是由载体、调酸剂、肥料、杀菌剂以及化控剂组成，其中各种成份的重量百分比是：载体20-30％，调酸剂8-12％，肥料50-80％，杀菌剂0.8-1.5％，化控剂0.2-0.8％。该发明调酸剂用量较低，调酸时间不能持久，不能满足水稻秧苗在整个生长发育中对生理酸性的需要。调酸剂、杀菌剂、化控剂以及各种营养成份混配在一起，会产生抗拮现象，影响使用效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种保肥、调酸、抗病的水稻育苗母乳粉，实现水稻旱育苗秧植的高产目的。
本发明的技术方案：水稻育苗母乳粉，由加有缓释剂的肥料、调酸剂和加有载体的药剂复配制成；其中各原料的重量配比是：肥料中尿素14-20％，磷酸二铵8-12％，硫酸钾5-8％，硫酸镁1-2％，二氧化硅5-8％，硫酸亚铁1-4％，硫酸锌1-2％和缓释剂氢醌0.5-2％；调酸剂为：糠醛渣子40-50％，药剂为：3.3％福美双·甲霜灵0.5-2％和药剂载体陶土3-6％，上述肥料和缓释剂、调酸剂、药剂和药剂载体分别分装成三个包装袋，后装在一个大袋中成为成品。
本发明水稻育苗母乳粉以氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锌等全量营养元素为主，兼有养分缓释剂和调酸剂、药剂等物质组成，具有以下优点：
1、育苗母乳粉在肥料中加入缓释剂，可抑制尿素酶的活性，控制尿素肥的流失，使全量肥料得到缓释分解和释放，提高了养分的有效利用率，保证了水稻秧苗各生育阶段对全量营养成分的均衡需求。
2、本发明包装上采用育苗母乳粉中的肥料养份和调酸物质及抗病药剂单独包装后再同装一个大袋中，现用现拌，使其各成份保持独有的特性和功能，相互间不会产生拮抗作用。
3、在育苗母乳粉中，即含有以全量养分为主体的营养源，还含有适量的酸性物质，以及广谱抗菌药剂，使组方具有保肥、调酸、抗病三种功能的综合作用。产品中所含酸性物质和广谱抗菌药剂，能满足水稻秧苗在生长发育中对生理酸性的需要，增强抗低温冷害以及防病、抗病效果。在缓释剂作用下，缓慢释放全量营养，满足秧苗全生育阶段对养分的需求。在这种保肥作用明显、调酸时间持久、抗病效果显著的多功能作用下，育出的水稻秧苗色绿、秧壮、根系发达，不得病害，插秧带蘖率高，不缓苗，返青快，丰产性能强，稻谷品质好，提高水稻产量，是水稻旱育苗稀植高产不可缺少的育苗母乳粉。
具体实施方案
本发明育苗母乳粉：取尿素2.5公斤，磷酸二铵1.5公斤，硫酸钾1公斤，硫酸镁0.25公斤和二氧化硅1公斤，硫酸亚铁0.35公斤，硫酸锌0.25公斤和缓释剂氢醌0.15公斤，共7公斤包装成一袋；糠醛的废弃物—糠醛渣子7公斤包装成一袋；广谱抗菌药剂为3.3％福美双·甲霜灵复配制剂重量为0.2公斤(其中福美双有效成份为2.4％，甲双灵有效成份为0.9％)，与载体0.8公斤陶土混拌成总重量为1公斤包装成一袋。后将三个袋装在一个大袋中，重量为15公斤。
本发明水稻育苗母乳粉，在使用时可将大袋(15公斤)中的三个包装袋中的原料倒出混拌均匀，再掺拌到pH值为6.5以下的约1立方米过筛的旱田肥土中，进行过筛制成育苗营养土，然后用此营养土进行水稻苗床、秧盘育苗，育苗面积为40-50平方米。
施用本发明育苗母乳粉，经黑龙江省植保站，吉林省植保站和辽宁农垦生资公司在辽、吉、黑三省水稻旱育苗稀植高产栽培技术应用中，育出的稻苗素质好，丰产性能强。采用田间大区对比法，分对照区和处理区，采用直观和记载统计分析方法进行，试验结果是：育苗母乳粉处理区最佳，平均秧苗高于对照区0.25-0.50cm，叶龄多0.6片、地上部鲜重0.75g、根数多2.1根、根长长1.1cm、茎粗粗0.16cm，防治立枯病效果99％，抗青枯病显著，平均增产幅度在15-20％。
Claims (1)
1、一种水稻育苗母乳粉，其特征在于：由加有缓释剂的肥料、调酸剂和加有载体的药剂复配制成；其中各原料的重量配比是：肥料中尿素14-20％，磷酸二铵8-12％，硫酸钾5-8％，硫酸镁1-2％，二氧化硅5-8％，硫酸亚铁1-4％，硫酸锌1-2％和缓释剂氢醌0.5-2％；调酸剂中糠醛渣子40-50％；药剂中3.3％福美双·甲霜灵0.5-2％，药剂载体陶土3-6％，上述肥料和缓释剂、调酸剂、药剂和药剂载体分别分装成三个包装袋后再装在一个大袋中即可。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108395320A (zh) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-14 | 吉林农业大学 | 以玉木耳菌糠为原料的水稻育苗基质及其制备方法 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108395320A (zh) * | 2018-03-16 | 2018-08-14 | 吉林农业大学 | 以玉木耳菌糠为原料的水稻育苗基质及其制备方法 |
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