CN101427476A - Media access control for ultra-wide band communication - Google Patents

Abstract

Media access control is provided for an ultra-wide band medium. The media access control may employ a peer-to-peer network topology. The media access control may employ a reduced addressing scheme. Concurrent ultra-wide band channels may be established through the use of a pulse division multiple access channelization scheme. Multiple media access control states may be defined whereby each state may be associated with one or more of different channel parameter state information, different duty cycles, and different synchronization status.

Description

The medium access control of ultra-wideband communications

Advocate priority according to 35 U.S.C. § 119

The application's case is advocated the rights and interests and the priority of the 60/794th, No. 030 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case that on April 20th, 2006 applied for and the 60/795th, No. 980 U.S. Provisional Patent Application case of applying on April 28th, 2006.Each of described temporary patent application case all transfers this assignee, and each disclosure of described temporary patent application case is incorporated herein by reference at this.

Technical field

The application's case relates generally to communication, and more particularly, relates to the medium access control of ultra-wideband communications.

Background technology

In wireless communication system, a plurality of wireless devices can the intercommunication mutually via the signal with the frequency in given radio bands.Can make regulation to prevent disturbing transmission herein, from another device from the transmission of a device.For instance, some system uses the medium access control, and it only allows a device to use given medium (for example radio bands) at every turn.A kind of method that realizes this purpose is to make each device can check described medium are to determine current whether just transmission of another device on described medium.If described medium are in user mode, then described device will postpone transmission is in non-working condition up to described medium time after a while.Perhaps, some system uses for example signaling technology of spread spectrum, and it revises the possibility of transmission through the signal of transmission disturbs another device in same frequency band from the transmission of a device with minimizing when.

For example these technology can be used in the various wireless communication system.One example of described wireless communication system is a radio ultra wide band system.Super-broadband tech can be used in (for example) personal area network (" PAN ") or body area network (" the BAN ") application.

At least one access scheme is proposed in the radio ultra wide band system.For instance, IEEE802.15.4a proposes that channel access scheme is used for realizing low duty cycle at the wireless PAN based on ultra broadband.The use of the superframe structure that defined by center personal area network's telegon has been stipulated in described proposal.Described superframe structure begins with beacon and contains branch time slot contention access period (" CAP ") and divide time slot not have contention (" CFP ").For CAP, suppose and use accidental channel access scheme, for example Aloha (Aloha) or carrier sense multiple access (" CSMA ").The PAN telegon is assigned the CFP time slot.Frame in each time slot begins with preamble sequence so that receiver realizes that channel obtains.The extra inertia part of superframe can further reduce duty cycle.

The access scheme that some wireless PAN or BAN use may need to support the multiple remarkable different device that requires that has.For instance, for some device, it is important consuming the least possible power.In addition, setter in the network or the different device in the network can be supported the data rate of relative broad range.Therefore, described access scheme may need to provide sane relatively and functional flexibly.

Summary of the invention

Being summarized as follows of the selected aspect of this disclosure.For simplicity, these and other aspect of this disclosure can be called " on the one hand " or " aspect " in this article simply.

In certain aspects, be provided for the medium access control of ultra-wideband communications.Can obtain access via one or more channels that use ultra-wideband pulse herein, to communication medium.For instance, the pulse that is used for given channel can have the short relatively duration and produce with low relatively duty cycle.In certain aspects, the medium access control can be used one or more in network topology scheme, addressing scheme, channelization scheme and the media access control station.

In certain aspects, peer to peer topology is supported in the medium access control.For instance, can use identical or the medium access control function of equivalence substantially via each devices of one or more channel communications of network.In addition, do not use telegon, master controller or a certain other similar assembly functional or not with the situation of its cooperation under, any group of peer can be provided with one or more channels and via its communication.In certain aspects, can use channelization scheme to eliminate or reduce the interference of the concurrent operations interchannel of setting up by peer.

In certain aspects, the addressing scheme through simplifying is used in the medium access control.For instance, one group of device (for example equity) can be cooperated to use the shorter network address or do not use the network address to be combined in the information in the channel transmission.In certain aspects, can on channel, send the shorter source network address address of transmitter (for example, based on).In certain aspects, can on channel, send the shorter destination network address address of receiver (for example, based on).In certain aspects, channelization scheme can define channel uniquely, eliminates the business of particular type (for example for) needs to source address, destination-address or source address and destination-address whereby.In certain aspects, in the crossfire channel that transmits data continuously or relatively continuously, can not use source address, destination network address or source address and destination-address.

In certain aspects, can divide pulse access channel scheme to set up concurrent ultra-wideband channel by using.The timing or the sequencing of pulse that for instance, can be by control channel define quadrature or pseudo-orthogonal channel.In certain aspects, can define channel, for example pulse repetition frequency, pulse skew, time-hopping sequence or expansion PN (pseudo noise) sequence parameter according to one or more parameters.In addition, can derive one or more in the described parameter based on one or more unique parameters relevant with described channel, described unique parameter for example is address, channel number, sequence number or the safe key of the device of setting up channel.In certain aspects, can be given channel and define one or more in structure of time slot, logic channel, bag channel or the crossfire channel.

In certain aspects, define a plurality of media access control stations, each state can be associated with a certain combination of different channels parameter status information, different operating circulation, different synchronous regime or these parameters whereby.For instance, in some state, setter can be kept the information relevant with given channel (for example using the unit address of another device of described channel), and in other state, described device can more or less be kept the information relevant with channel.In some state, comparable in other state, the transmission more continually and the reception data.In some state, can make the device on the channel synchronous, and in other state, can not make described device synchronous.This type of medium access control scheme based on state can advantageously provide desired compromise between the ability of low power consumption and the polytype data of support, data rate and stand-by period requirement.

In certain aspects, use holding state and active state based on the medium access control of state.For instance, in described holding state, the activity data transmission can not take place.But described device can be carried out limited signaling according to circumstances and only to enable the transformation to described active state.Therefore, this state can be the state with low duty cycle and/or has the low synchronous state that has synchronously or not.In described active state, but the transmission of receiver anticipatory data.Therefore, described receiver can carry out continuously or scanning regularly data.This state can be state and/or the synchronous regime with higher duty cycle.

Description of drawings

When with respect to following detailed description, appended claims, when accompanying drawing is considered, will more fully understand these and other feature, aspect and the advantage of this disclosure.

Fig. 1 is the simplified block diagram of some exemplary aspect of the communication system of the medium access control that is used for concurrent ultra-wideband channel;

Fig. 2 is for can be through carrying out the flow chart with some exemplary aspect of the operation of the medium access control that is provided for concurrent ultra-wideband channel;

Fig. 3 is the simplified block diagram of some exemplary aspect that comprises the communication system of some wireless devices;

Fig. 4 is for can be through carrying out to set up one or more ultra-wideband channel and via the flow chart of some exemplary aspect of the operation of its communication;

Fig. 5 describes (comprising Fig. 5 A, 5B and 5C) some simplified example of pulse signaling;

Fig. 6 is for can be through carrying out the flow chart with some exemplary aspect of the operation of defining channel;

Fig. 7 is for can be through carrying out the flow chart with some exemplary aspect of the operation of defining the addressing scheme that is used for channel;

Fig. 8 is the sketch of an example of explanation logic channel scheme;

Fig. 9 is the sketch that an example of the state diagram that is used for the medium access control is described;

Figure 10 is the simplified block diagram of some exemplary aspect of the transmitter of use pulse signaling;

Figure 11 is the simplified block diagram of some exemplary aspect of the receiver of use pulse signaling;

Figure 12 is for using channels of dividing pulse multiple access schemes and via the flow chart of some exemplary aspect of the operation of its communication through carrying out to set up one or more;

Figure 13 is the simplified block diagram of some exemplary aspect that is suitable for supporting the equipment of concurrent ultra-wideband channel; And

Figure 14 is the simplified block diagram of some exemplary aspect that is suitable for supporting the equipment of concurrent ultra-wideband channel.

According to general practice, but described various feature nots to scale (NTS) illustrated in graphic are drawn.Therefore, for clarity sake, can at random amplify or dwindle the size of various features.In addition, for clarity sake, it is graphic to simplify described some in graphic.Therefore, the described graphic all component that may not describe to locking equipment or method.At last, whole specifications and graphic in, can use same reference numbers to represent same characteristic features.

Embodiment

The various aspects of this disclosure are hereinafter described.Should be appreciated that, the teaching of this paper can be presented as various ways and any ad hoc structure disclosed herein, function or its both only for representational.Based on the teaching of this paper, it will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that aspect disclosed herein can be independent of any others and implements, and can make up in every way in the described aspect both or both more than.For instance, can use the aspect that this paper stated of any number to implement an equipment or put into practice a method.In addition, except or be different from the one or more of aspect that this paper states, also can use other structure, functional or structure and functionally implement described equipment or put into practice described method.As an example of some above-mentioned notion, in certain aspects, can set up concurrent channel based on pulse repetition frequency.In certain aspects, can set up concurrent channel based on time-hopping sequence.In certain aspects, can set up concurrent channel based on pulse repetition frequency and time-hopping sequence.

In certain aspects, medium access control scheme makes two or more devices communicate by letter on common communications medium.For instance, aerial channel in the time of can being with spectrum division based on the wireless PAN of ultra broadband or BAN.These channels can be through defining (for example) to hold data of different types, different pieces of information speed, different service quality or a certain other standard.In this type of channelization scheme, can use multiple technologies that described channel is set and utilize described channel.

The exemplary aspect of Fig. 1 illustrative system 100, wherein communicator 102 and 104 is suitable for setting up one or more communication channels that intercom mutually 106.For reducing the complexity of Fig. 1, only show a pair of device.Yet, should be appreciated that system 100 can comprise some devices, described device is common communications medium by setting up one or more other channels (not showing among Fig. 1).

The media access controller 108 and 118 that is used to provide to the access of described communication medium is provided respectively device 102 and 104.In certain aspects, medium access control framework relates to and defines and implement network topology scheme, addressing scheme, channelization scheme (for example, channel access scheme) and media access control station and controlling schemes.For providing this type of functional, media access controller 108 and 118 can comprise addressing scheme selector 110 and 120 respectively, divide pulse multiple access controller 112 and 122 and state controller 114 and 124 and other assembly (showing among Fig. 1).

In certain aspects, network topology comprises the equity topology.For instance, any peer in the system 100 (for example installing 102 and 104) can be incorporated identical or similar substantially medium access control function into.In addition, the one or more accesses that can under the situation of not using telegon, master controller or other similar functions, provide independently in the described peer to communication medium.Therefore, described peer can be set up communication each other independently.For instance, peer can be set up channel and send data on described channel under situation about not coordinating with central coordinator, and described central coordinator originally will attempt to guarantee only to have single assembly to insert medium at every turn.As discussing in more detail hereinafter, can advantageously use medium access control addressing scheme, channelization scheme and state and controlling schemes to set up effective equity topology.

Can use the addressing scheme selector to define the addressing scheme that is used for given channel.Herein, can be the message that is associated with given channel unique addressing is provided, reduce power and bandwidth requirement simultaneously.For instance, in certain aspects, the message transmission that is used for given channel can be used source address, and it is shorter than the network equipment address of corresponding transmitter.In certain aspects, but be used for the message transmission application target way address of given channel, it is shorter than the network equipment address of corresponding receiver.Perhaps, in certain aspects, source address, destination-address or source address and destination-address can not be used in the message transmission that is used for given channel.In the case, can be that described channel defines unique signaling schemes so that receiver can be discerned the data of going to described receiver by analyzing the described unique signaling schemes that is associated with received data simply.

Can use branch pulse multiple access controller to define and implement ultra broadband and divide pulse access channel scheme.In radio ultra wide band system, data rate is compared with spectral bandwidth can be relative little.Divide the pulse multiple access by using, the medium access control can be defined and the little interference of interchannel or some channels of noiseless concurrent coexistence.Therefore, the medium access control can be defined channel independently under situation about not coordinating with telegon or master controller.For instance, device 102 and 104 can be set up some channels 106 independently and send data concomitantly via channel 106.In addition, other adjacent peer (not shown) can be set up other channel of operating concomitantly with channel 106 independently.

In addition, divide the pulse multiple access by using, the medium access control can support to have the dissimilar application of data of different types and different pieces of information speed effectively.For instance, a channel can be supported asynchronous (for example burst) data, and another channel support simultaneously is for example with the audio frequency of rule time interval reception and/or the stream data of video.Advantageously, described channel can be operated concomitantly, and each channel has minimal effects or do not have influence the operation of another channel.

The up state controller defines and keeps multiple media access control station.For instance, when not transmitting data, the medium access control can be used one or more relative low power states, and when transmitting data, can use one or more higher-power state.In certain aspects, these different conditions can be associated with the varying level of duty cycle, the different knowledge of channel parameter and the varying level of channel synchronization.

Device 102 and 104 also comprises the signal processor 116 and 126 that is used to handle the signal that is associated with channel 106 respectively.For instance, can handle and/or produce will be at the signal of channel for signal processor 116 and 126.In addition, signal processor 116 and 126 can be handled the signal that receives on channel.

To come the exemplary operations of descriptive system 100 in conjunction with the flow chart of Fig. 2.For simplicity, the operation (or any other flow chart of this paper) of Fig. 2 can be described as being carried out by specific components.Yet, should be appreciated that, can in conjunction with and/or carry out these operations by other assembly.

Represented as square frame 202, one or more ultra-wideband channel of one or more foundation (for example, defining) in the described device.For instance, in certain aspects, a device (for example, device 102) can define channel independently.Perhaps, a device can be cooperated to define channel with peer (for example, device 104).

As mentioned above, in certain aspects, described device can be set up channel according to a minute pulse multiple access scheme.Advantageously, this type of scheme can be supported the quadrature or the channel of quadrature substantially.

Represented as square frame 204, therefore device can provide access via the reciprocity medium access control of supporting concurrent ultra-wideband channel.Discuss as mentioned, in certain aspects, media access controller can be operated independently so that access to be provided.

Perhaps, in certain aspects, one or more in the device in the system 100 are served as master controller or are provided similar functions to coordinate the access to communication medium.In some cases, a device can play central role naturally in wireless personal domain network.For instance, user's hand-held set can be the telegon or the main frame of many peripheral units (for example earphone, mobile phone and media player).In certain aspects, can in higher level protocol or profile, implement described telegon or host functionalities.

Represented as square frame 206, single processor can handle with described channel in the one or more signals that are associated.For instance, signal processor can be handled the signal that will receive from channel in the signal and/or the processing of channel according to the signaling schemes of being discussed as mentioned.Therefore, signal processor can produce and will and/or extract data from the pulse that receives via described channel in the data pulse of described channel.In this way, can between peer, send data via described channel.

By using one or more in the above-mentioned aspect, in the low-cost system of consumes very little power, the medium access control that is used for personal area network or body area network can provide flexible and sane performance.For instance, can be used for realizing low-power design by using the making of simple relatively medium access control design of lacking state relatively.In addition, by using different medium access control duty cycle, but saving power will provide the acceptable stand-by period simultaneously when data will be transmitted.

Also can divide pulse multiple access scheme to realize improved medium access control performance by using ultra broadband.For instance, suppose and to operate a plurality of channels concurrent and independently that the service quality that then described medium access control can be kept given level is used for one type channel, any transfer of data that this has nothing to do and is associated in any other channel in the described system.The use of branch pulse multiple access scheme also can be in order to the complexity of the described medium access control of further minimizing.For instance, described medium access control can not need to carry out multiplex operation, only allows a device to communicate by letter on communication medium because may require originally in medium access control scheme in preset time.In addition, described medium access control can not need for example to carry out transmit again, the reliable operation that is associated of affirmation and error checking.

More than understanding, after the summary, now in the context of the communication system of using some ultra broadbands (" UWB ") wireless device, discuss the additional detail of the various operations of example media access control scheme.In particular, Fig. 3 illustrative system 300, wherein some UWB radio communication devices 302,304,306 and 308 are suitable for setting up mutual radio communication channel 310,312,314 and 316.The flowchart text of Fig. 4 can be in order to the exemplary operations of setting up channel and communicating by letter on described channel.For reducing the complexity of Fig. 3, only coupling apparatus 302 illustrates the selected aspect of described device.Yet, should be appreciated that device 302,304,306 and 308 can be incorporated similar functions into.

In the example of Fig. 3, device 302,304,306 with 308 via communicating by letter based on the physical layer of pulse.In certain aspects, described physical layer can be utilized and have the ultra-wideband pulse of lacking length (for example, roughly hundreds of nanoseconds, several nanoseconds or a certain other length) and relative wide bandwidth relatively.In certain aspects, radio ultra wide band system can be defined as and have roughly about 20% or more fractional bandwidth and/or have greater than the system of about 500MHz or more bandwidth roughly.

The some assemblies of device 302 explanations, it can be in order to define, to set up one or more ultra-wideband channel and communication thereon.For instance, channel builder assembly 318 (for example, implementing the functional of controller 112) is available thinks that different channels defines and/or select different pulse multiple access (" the PDMA ") signal parameters that divide.In the PDMA scheme, the available so that channel of the timing of the pulse of described channel (for example, the space-time position of pulse) is distinguished from each other.Herein, by (for example using narrow relatively pulse, several nanoseconds pulse duration roughly) with relative low duty cycle (for example, the pulse repetition period of roughly hundreds of nanosecond or microsecond), may exist enough spaces with the pulse interlacing of one or more other channels between the pulse of given channel.Fig. 5 explanation can be used for some examples of the signaling parameter in the PDMA scheme.Be illustrative purposes, the signaling of Fig. 5 is depicted as has roughly 10% duty cycle.Yet, should be appreciated that, in fact can use lower duty cycle (for example, discussing as mentioned).

The different channels (channel 1 and 2) that Fig. 5 A explanation uses different pulse repetition to define.In particular, the pulse of channel 1 has the pulse repetition frequency corresponding to interpulse delay period 502.On the contrary, the pulse of channel 2 has the pulse repetition frequency corresponding to interpulse delay period 504.Described technology therefore can be in order to be defined in the pseudo-orthogonal channel that two interchannels have low relatively collisions of pulses possibility.Specifically, can realize lower collisions of pulses possibility by the low duty cycle of using described pulse.For instance, by strobe pulse repetition rate suitably, can transmit all pulses substantially of given channel in the time different with the pulse of any other channel.

Can be depending on the data rate of supporting by described channel through defining the pulse repetition frequency that is used for given channel.For instance, support the channel of extremely low data rate (for example, roughly several Kbps) can use corresponding lower pulse repetition frequency.On the contrary, support the channel of relative high data rate (for example, roughly some Mbps) can use corresponding higher pulse repetition frequency.

The different channels (channel 1 and 2) that Fig. 5 B explanation uses different pulse skews to define.The pulse of channel 1 is created in as line 506 represented time points (for example, with respect to some preset time, not shown) according to first pulse skew and locates.On the contrary, the pulse of channel 2 is created in the time point place represented as line 508 according to second pulse skew.If provide the pulse offset differences (represented as arrow 510) between the described pulse, then described technology can be in order to the possibility of the collisions of pulses that reduces described two interchannels.According to (for example, as discussed herein) and the timing accuracy between the described device (for example, the relative time clock drift), the use of different pulses skews can be in order to provide quadrature or pseudo-orthogonal channel through defining any other signaling parameter of being used for described channel.

The different channels (channel 1 and 2) that Fig. 5 C explanation uses different time-hopping sequences to define.For instance, the pulse 512 of channel 1 can produce according to a time-hopping sequence sometimes, and the pulse 514 of channel 2 can produce according to another time-hopping sequence sometimes.According to the timing accuracy between employed particular sequence and the device, this technology can be in order to provide quadrature or pseudo-orthogonal channel.For instance, the pulse position can not be for periodically, to reduce the possibility from the repetition pulse conflict of adjacent channel during jumping.

Should be appreciated that, can use other technology to define channel according to the PDMA scheme.For instance, can expand pseudo-random number sequence or a certain other suitable parameter defines channel based on difference.In addition, can define channel based on a combination of two or more parameters.

Once more referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, device 302 can be independently or with system 300 in other device 304,306 and 308 in one or more cooperations set up channel (square frame 402).Represented as square frame 404, in certain aspects, device can be configured to set up channel by initially communicating by letter with another device with described another device on known discovery channel.Herein, the described device of wanting to set up channel can send preliminary message (for example, polling message) on described known channel.In addition, each device in the described system can be configured to periodically scan any preliminary message of described known channel.

Therefore, configurable its separately transceiver of described device (for example, by disposing the receiver in a transmitter in the device and another device) sends signal to wireless medium with initial use default parameter value and from the wireless medium received signal.For instance, device can be set at pulse repetition frequency through defining to be used for the value of known channel.In addition, described device can be set at preamble sequence the sequence that is used for described known channel through defining.And, the embodiment when use is used for the jumping of described known channel, configurable its transceiver of described device is to use acquiescence sequence (for example, acquiescence pseudo random sequence).

In case setting up Preliminary Communications on the described known channel between two or more devices, described device just can be carried out associated program, described device is used the ability separately of understanding each device.For instance, during associated program, the network address that each device can be assigned shortening (for example, be shorter than MAC Address), described device can be identified mutually, the negotiable use particular safety of described device key, and described device can be determined the level of the unusual fluctuation that can be undertaken by each device.Based on these abilities, the new channel of the negotiable foundation of described device is to be used for subsequent communications.

Represented as square frame 406, the one or more channel parameters of selecting to be ready to use in new ultra-wideband channel in the described device.Referring to Fig. 6, described device can be selected channel parameter, for example pulse repetition frequency, pulse skew, time-hopping sequence, preamble sequence, based on both or both the above combination in the sequence of pseudo random number, a certain (some) other suitable parameters or these parameters.Discuss as mentioned, can select these channel parameters with avoid or reduce disturb other can with the probability of the channel of described new channel concurrent operations.

Represented as square frame 602, described device can obtain the pulse repetition frequency that (for example, selecting) is ready to use in channel.Fig. 5 A explanation discussed above is two examples of selectable pulse repetition frequency herein.

Represented as square frame 604, described device can obtain the pulse skew that (for example, selecting) is ready to use in channel.Two examples of the selectable herein pulse skew of Fig. 5 B explanation discussed above.

Represented as square frame 606, described device can obtain the time-hopping sequence that (for example, selecting) is ready to use in channel.Fig. 5 C explanation discussed above is two examples of selectable time-hopping sequence herein.

In certain aspects, described device can install relevant parameter or other parameter is selected time-hopping sequence based on one or more.For instance, time-hopping sequence may be very long so that big relatively overhead can with on communication medium, described time-hopping sequence is sent to receiver from transmitter and is associated.Therefore, for avoiding the transmission of described sequence, described device (incorporate into transmitter and receiver are arranged) can be derived described sequence according to the known parameter of described device.For instance, sequence generator 328 (Fig. 3) can be derived time-hopping sequence based on one or more parameters relevant with described channel, described parameter for example is address, channel number, sequence number or a safe key of setting up the device (for example, transmitter and/or one or more receivers) of described channel.In certain aspects, channel number, sequence number or safe key can be produced or appointment by described device.

Described device also can define one or more other parameters, and described parameter defines or in addition in order to identification channel.For instance, represented as square frame 608, described device can obtain the preamble sequence that (for example, selecting) is ready to use in channel.Receiver can use known preamble sequence to obtain the transmission from given channel.For instance, during channel obtained program, transmitter is the transmit head sequence repeatedly.But described receiver again all hypothesis of scanning impulse position (for example, as defining) by pulse repetition frequency and pulse skew and as described in the phase place beginning of described sequence (for example, with respect to) of preamble sequence to obtain described preamble sequence.Herein, described receiver can be tested a plurality of hypothesis concurrently to reduce the channel acquisition time.

In certain aspects, described device can install relevant parameter or other parameter is selected preamble sequence based on one or more.For instance, for avoiding sending long preamble sequence on communication medium, described device can be derived described sequence according to the known parameter of described device and be derived.For instance, sequence generator 328 can be derived preamble sequence based on one or more parameters relevant with described channel, described parameter for example is address, channel number, sequence number or a safe key of setting up the device (for example, transmitter and/or one or more receivers) of described channel.In certain aspects, channel number, sequence number or safe key can be produced or appointment by described device.

In certain aspects, do not having under the situation about coordinating with respect to the medium access control that is used for any other channel, device can be set up channel independently.For instance, do not understanding (for example, determine) nearby under the situation of the signaling parameter of other channel of operation, described device can be set up channel.Can select technology to make the method become possibility by using signaling schemes, described technology defines pulse parameter so that adjacent channel produces pseudo-orthogonal pulses.That is, given channel can produce pulse so that the probability of the pulse of another channel of described impulse disturbances (for example, taking place simultaneously with it) is lower.

Can use various technology to come uniaxially to select to be ready to use in the parameter of given channel.For instance, device selective channel parameter randomly.Perhaps, described device can come the selective channel parameter based on one or more set of installing relevant parameter (for example, unit address, setting position etc.) or a certain other unique or unique relatively parameter (for example, day time etc.).

In certain aspects, the device relevant information of the channel parameter with other channel that is defined in system or defined (for example, current active channel) that can have based on described device is come the selective channel parameter.Can therefore define new channel in this way to reduce or eliminate interference to other channel.

In certain aspects, device can be communicated by letter (for example, cooperation) with one or more other devices to determine the signaling parameter of other channel of operation nearby.For instance, device can come the selective channel parameter from the relevant information of the channel parameter with other channel that defines that other device obtains based on described device system.In some cases, in conjunction with associated program, two or more install the described channel parameter of negotiable selection.Based on described information, described device can select one or more unique parameters to be used for its any channel of just setting up so that reduce or eliminate interference to other channel subsequently.

When setting up channel, can communicate by letter so that each device will be understood the signaling parameter of communicating by letter in order on described channel with another device that will use given channel or other device in device 302 (for example, assembly 318).In certain embodiments, for example the channel parameter of pulse repetition period, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence can exchange during associated program.Yet, when using relative burst pulse, can relatively easily lose between transmitter and the receiver synchronously.Therefore, can when each transmits, obtain pulse skew and (for example, reach the degree of nanosecond) synchronously to keep relative accurate between transmitter and the receiver.

Referring to Fig. 4, at square frame 408 and 410 places, described device also can define one or more other parameters relevant with channel once more.For instance, represented as square frame 408, the addressing scheme module 322 in the device of Fig. 3 (for example, implementing the functional of selector 110) can define the addressing scheme that is ready to use in channel.Fig. 7 explanation can be by some exemplary operations of module 322 execution.

Represented as square frame 702, in certain aspects, device can be communicated by letter (for example, consulting) with one or more other devices to define addressing scheme.For this reason, module 322 can include the communication module 326 that helps this type of communication, negotiation etc. and/or operate together in conjunction with it.

In general, each device at network communication can be assigned unique unit address (" DEV_ADDR ").Yet, in certain embodiments, when on channel, sending message, may need to use than the short address or do not use any unit address.In this way, can reduce power and/or the bandwidth that is associated with the respective channels signaling.

Represented as square frame 704, in certain aspects, the short network address (having the position that is less than unit address) can be assigned to described device, and in order to further clarification source, destination or source and destination.For instance, the address selector 324 of module 302 can be according to the unit address of the transmitter that utilizes described channel, utilize the unit address of one or more receivers of described channel or the combination of these unit addresses to derive this shorter network address.Perhaps, module 322 can consult to select than the short address with near device or can derive described than the short address by a certain alternate manner.In some cases, module 322 can use address conflict to solve mechanism.

In certain embodiments, but some subclass of retaining device address space to be used for group address.These group address can be associated with type of device or can be used for the broadcast or multicast purpose.Herein, the node of any understanding group address can be configured to receive Multicast Channel.Asynchronous (for example, bag) channel and crossfire channel all can be supported broadcast or multicast.

Represented as square frame 706, by using PDMA or a certain other suitable scheme, the destination-address that omits from the channel massage transmission is possible.For instance, discuss as mentioned, the PDMA scheme can be in order to define channel according to one or more channel parameters uniquely.This type of parameter can comprise (for example) pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence, time-hopping sequence etc.

At square frame 708 places, can define preamble sequence and/or time-hopping sequence based on the various parameters of being discussed as mentioned.For instance, sequence generator 328 can based in conveyor means address, one or more acceptor device addresses, channel indicator, sequence number, safe key, a certain other parameter or the described parameter both or both more than a certain combination define a sequence.

Accordingly, address selector 324 can be selected addressing scheme, destination-address is not used for channel massage transmission whereby, because communication is via being taken place by the allocated channel of unique or unique relatively channel signaling parameter attributeization.In addition, in certain aspects, described channel signaling parameter can be based on the unit address of one or more receivers that utilize described channel.In this way, described channel signaling parameter can define the channel that is associated with given receiver uniquely.

The embodiment of using the shorter network address (source address, destination-address or its both) or omitting the described network address can advantageously be used in conjunction with the crossfire channel.In the case, can reduce or omit the overhead that originally is associated with each transmission.Suppose that the crossfire channel sends data usually on rule-based approach, then the minimizing of overhead may be for significantly.

Referring to the square frame among Fig. 4 410, described device also can define with at the relevant channel parameter of channel data.This type of parameter can comprise (for example) structure of time slot, logic channel and channel type (for example, bag channel or crossfire channel).

In certain aspects, some logic channels can be defined as given channel and hold data of different types, different pieces of information speed, different service quality or a certain other standard with (for example).In certain aspects, can use branch pulse multiplexed (" PDM ") so that a plurality of logic channels to be provided in given channel.In the case, pulse position is assigned to each logical links.For instance, Fig. 8 describes a simplified example, and the pulse of wherein transmitting in channel 802 is associated with first logic channel (L1), second logic channel (L2) or the 3rd logic channel (L3).Channel Assignment among the PDM is a quadrature.Therefore, the shared comparable a plurality of channels based on PDMA based on PDM on the individual channel are effective.Yet, may aspect complexity, have corresponding trading off.

In certain embodiments, for example can using, the time-sharing multiplex of Aloha (" TDM ") scheme provides logic channel.In the improvement version of Aloha scheme, transmitter sends request-synchronous (" RTS ") bag and expection receives approval-synchronous (" CTS ") bag from receiver.If described transmitter receives CTS, then transmitter will understand described receiver with its synchronously but not synchronous with a certain other transmitter.Described transmitter sends described packet subsequently.Therefore RTS and CTS can reduce overhead less than the typical data bag.

The structure of time slot of channel can define a series of time slots, and the various transfer of data of described channel are timed in assigned timeslot and take place whereby.In the case, each device can comprise slot synchronizer 330 (Fig. 3), and it implements the synchronous to guarantee to keep via each device of described channel communication the timing of described structure of time slot of some form.

Structure of time slot can be used for multiple purpose.For instance, multiple logic channel can be assigned to multiple time slot.And, can define pulse repetition frequency based on structure of time slot.In certain aspects, medium access control operation can be benefited from the use of branch structure of time slot.For instance, transmitter can be wanted duty cycle or data rate in every time slot basis adjusted pulse repetition frequency to be suitable for.In addition, divide structure of time slot to use so that the Phase synchronization of the time-hopping sequence between transmitter and the receiver.Usually, can set up the crossfire channel by using structure of time slot.In addition, a minute structure of time slot can be used to wrap channel.For instance, by use dividing a structure of time slot, when not sending bag, it is synchronous that transmitter and receiver can be kept relative loose time slot grade.

In certain embodiments, device 302 can be incorporated an assembly into the congestion problems in control or the solution wireless medium.For instance, congestion controller 334 can be implemented request-(" RTS ") and approval synchronously-synchronous (" CTS ") scheme, ALOHA, CSMA or a certain other suitable congestion management scheme.

In case all described devices produce or obtain selected channel parameter, described device is just set up ultra-wideband channel based on these parameters.For instance, described device can be provided with its transceiver separately to transmit and received signal according to described selected channel parameter.

Described device can be subsequently when needed processing signaling to communicate via the channel of being set up.Therefore, transmitter can produce the pulse with suitable pulse repetition frequency and (if applicable) pulse skew and time-hopping sequence.Similarly, the scan channel instrument 320 of receiver can scan the pulse of the described pulse repetition frequency of having of communication medium and (if applicable) pulse skew and time-hopping sequence.

For support efficient channel access, different types of data and different pieces of information speed when keeping low relatively power consumption, channel access scheme can utilize various modes of operation in certain aspects.For this reason, device 302 (for example can comprise state controller 332, be similar to state controller 114), described state controller 332 control device 302 or install the state of one or more assemblies (for example, transmitter and/or receiver) of 302 with respect to given channel.

Referring to Fig. 4, in certain aspects, the medium access control can be used holding state (square frame 412) and active state (square frame 414).These states may be relevant with a certain combination of the varying level of the different knowledge of the varying level of duty cycle, channel parameter, channel synchronization or described parameter.

For instance, described holding state can comprise a state, and it has low relatively the duty cycle scanning and/or the transmission on channel of channel.That is, in this state, may there be any activity data pay(useful) load transmission.In this state, it is static that transmitter can keep, and receiver periodically scans particular channel.For instance, receiver can wake up once to scan the roughly period of 500 μ S by roughly every 100mS-500mS.In general, the selection in the time interval of scanning relates to trading off between duty cycle and link budget turn-on time.During described holding state, described two devices (for example, transmitter separately and receiver) may be asynchronous fully.Perhaps, may use extremely low-level synchronously.In certain embodiments, scanning may occur on the channel that has been set up, on the special-purpose paging channel of node or on the known discovery channel.

On the contrary, described active state can comprise a state, and it has the scanning of higher duty cycle of channel and/or the transmission on channel.For instance, in described active state, but the receiver anticipatory data transmits and listens to serially.For the bag channel, will be used for header that channel obtains and be placed on before each Frame from transmitter.For the crossfire channel, can send pulse continuously via radio according to channel parameter.

Some embodiment can be used one or more low duty cycle mode in active state, receiver is listened to described channel discontinuously whereby.For instance, receiver can be lower than 100% duty cycle and come scanning channel saving power, but uses higher duty cycle with the management stand-by period in holding state.In addition, can in active state, use listen mode (sniff mode) when free of data sends, to keep synchronously., pulse repetition frequency can be reduced to than low value, duty cycle is low and still keeps synchronously whereby herein.For the bag channel, it is synchronous that the medium access control can be kept loose time slot grade by the short header of transmission (for example, each time slot in the branch time slot channel).

Active state can support to connect guide type channel and no connecting channel.In connecting the guide type channel, the set of wishing can arrange channel parameter via the conveyor means and the acceptor device of channel communication is so that can be via described channel communication.A kind of method of realization agreement between described two devices is that described channel is set clearly.For instance, conveyor means can be provided with message with channel and send to acceptor device.In response to the described message that is provided with, acceptor device can send to conveyor means with approval message.

The exchange that channel is provided with message can cause non-desired overhead and stand-by period.Therefore, in certain aspects, can use no connecting channel, whereby channel be provided with message by the exchange to set up channel.In the case, can use the default collection (for example, all install the set of grantable channel parameter) of channel parameter to set up channel.In other words, by using conveyor means and all known default channel parameter of acceptor device, described device can be communicated by letter on channel.

May cause from the transformation of holding state by the operation of for example discovery procedure or page procedure to active state.These two programs data that come into play on dedicated channel transmit.

During discovery procedure, can be installed on the known common discovery channel by all at channel parameter and communicate by letter.May exist a plurality of common discovery channels to be used for the functional of varying level.One purpose of discovery procedure can be by the unit address of collecting these devices and finds near unknown devices.The knowledge of operative installations address (and, out of Memory) according to circumstances can be provided with dedicated channel.

During page procedure, can communicate by letter on the dedicated channel that be provided with or on the special-purpose paging channel of node.In the case, specified device (being associated with described channel) is waken up and enters active state.

May be owing to overtime or from active state owing to synchronous the losing on the channel to the transformation of holding state.Therefore, when not existing data to transmit, or owing to lose connection, the transformation from active state may take place in one period.Timeout parameter can be derived from higher level protocol or profile.

Also can open the beginning from the transformation of active state by explicit request.For instance, device can send message, and described message indicates described device to finish its instantaneous transmission.Based on this message, device can be selected to change to holding state.

For example the medium access control program of discovery procedure and page procedure can occur on the Dedicated Control Channel and (for example find channel or paging channel), or more in general, can occur on any data channel of having set up.On the bag channel, can exchange control messages by the controlling packet of clear and definite mark.Can be higher or lower priority send these controlling packet to be used for the purpose of service quality.On the crossfire channel, the sub-fraction that can assign time slot is with the carrying control messages.

For application-specific (for example, voice or audio frequency crossfire), can use the application layer control messages.These message can exchange on independent utility layer control channel or be embedded in the data channel.For instance, can design specific media access control message to bear the application layer control messages.

The example of Fig. 9 description status Figure 90 0, its expression can be in order to be sent to data the operation of the channel access scheme of one or more receivers from transmitter.Herein, standby and active mediun access control state are represented by frame of broken lines.In certain aspects, holding state and/or active state can comprise a plurality of states.In the example of Fig. 9, holding state comprises inactive state 902 and idle state 904, and active state comprises connection status 906 and crossfire state 908.Yet, should be appreciated that (or for other channel) in other embodiments can use different numbers and dissimilar states.

Inactive state 902 can be defined as receiver and not understand the state that the parameter that is used for given channel or receiver are not listened to described channel.Therefore, this state can be the very low operation recurrent state.For at the receiver place channel being set, transmitter is the distribution channel parameter during (for example) associated program or discovery procedure.By the line among Fig. 9 910 expression states to change.

In connection status 906, receiver may transmit by anticipatory data, and therefore listens to serially or on regular relatively basis.In certain aspects, transmit and to carry out by packet form from the data of transmitter during the connection status to receiver.In certain aspects, the preamble sequence that promotes receiver to obtain channel can be placed on before each Frame that is transmitted by transmitter.Can confirm described Frame via independent channel by receiver.If there is not Frame to transmit on described channel in given period, then receiver is movable to idle state 904 with saving power.Described variation by the 916 expression states of the line among Fig. 9.Perhaps, channel may be terminated, thereby causes the transformation (not shown) to inactive state 902.

Idle state 904 can be the state with low relatively duty cycle.For instance, in this state, receiver can be kept (perhaps can insert) at least a portion parameter relevant with channel (for example, the unit address of transmitter), and it makes described receiver can periodically scan described channel.In general, the time interval between the scanning can be trading off between duty cycle and channel budget turn-on time.

If there is not activity during idle state 904 in the specific period, then idle state 904 may be overtime.This may cause the transformation (line 920) to inactive state 902 again.Perhaps, change 920 and can open the beginning according to order.

Transmitter also can send to message (for example, beep-page message) receiver that is in the idle state 904 and rebulid regular communication with described receiver in order to (for example).Therefore, when receiving described message, described receiver can be as the line 918 represented connection status 906 that move to.

Crossfire state 906 can support continuous relatively bit rate to use, for example the stream data of audio frequency (for example, radio, music or audio call), video or a certain other form.Can implement this state to reduce the overhead (for example header) that originally is associated with described connection status.Herein, owing to relatively sending data on the continuous foundation, so can omit or reduce substantially with helping receiver and obtain the overhead that channel is associated.Transmitter can send the message that beginning crossfire channel is opened in request clearly, or can bear described request (represented as line 912) when transferring data frames.Can on the crossfire channel that has or do not have frame structure, transmit data bit continuously.The affirmation of a certain form can be provided via independent channel.In certain embodiments, the short relatively interruption in the crossfire of data may cause crossfire state 908 overtime, and then causes the transformation (represented as line 914) to connection status 906.Perhaps, described crossfire channel may be stopped (for example, via the message in the described crossfire channel) for certain, thereby causes the transformation (changing not shown) to connection status 906 or a certain other state.Should be appreciated that according to mentioned above in fact at any time, the conversion between connection status 906 and the crossfire state 908 can advantageously be finished in channel.

Each channel that can use the state diagram that is similar to state diagram 900 to be used for defining at given network.In other words, each channel can be converted to its state separately independently based on the current requirement of the application of using that channel.In addition, each channel can come the treating capacity and the duty cycle of regulation varying level independently by the trace interval in (for example) setting idle state 904 and/or the pulse repetition frequency of described channel.

Referring to Fig. 4, represented once more as square frame 416, can carry out and above discuss the operation similar operation in communication system, to set up and to use other channel.Yet, in the case, device can select at square frame 406,408 and 410 places different parameters with set up can with the channel of the concurrent use of other channel in the described system.Herein, the channel parameter of one or more channels (for example, pulse repetition frequency, time-hopping sequence etc.) can be through selecting be operated so that concurrent channel has under few relatively situation about disturbing between can the signal (for example, pulse) at described channel.

Therefore, by using medium access control scheme as used herein teachings, device 302,304,306 and 308 (for example, side by side) concomitantly utilizes shared medium.For instance, device 302,304,306 and 308 can be in identical ultra broadband frequency band transmission signals concomitantly.As describing among Fig. 3, install 302 and can come via the channel (for example, channel 310 and 312) of two or more concurrent operations communicate by letter with device 304.In addition, device 302 can be gone up and multiple arrangement (for example, device 304 and 306) concurrent communication at different channels (for example, channel 310 and 314).In addition, one group of device (for example, device 302 and 304) can be communicated by letter via a channel (for example, channel 310), and another group device (for example, device 306 and 308) is communicated by letter concomitantly via another channel (for example, channel 316).

In addition, described channel can be suitable for different pieces of information speed carrying data of different types.For instance, but the data of channel carrying bag data, stream data or a certain other form.In addition, channel can be configured (for example, defining via pulse repetition frequency, structure of time slot or logic channel) and with the different rates carry data.Therefore, can define channel 310,312,314 and 316 among Fig. 3 independently with the required particular data of the given application of carrying.

Advantageously, can under the situation of the central coordinator of not using as mentioned to be discussed, set up described channel.Each device can be based on defining channel parameter randomly for unique parameter (for example, unit address) or based on the parameter of being selected by described device to the device of setting up described channel.Therefore, can set up pure peer-to-peer network (or sub-network) by using this type of device.That is, the described device of setting up channel in network can be peer, and its medium access control (" MAC ") with equivalence substantially is functional, may not need to coordinate to set up and use this type of channel at the reciprocity interchannel of difference whereby.

By using PDMA scheme as used herein teachings, the application of using the radio ultra wide band system that hangs down the duty cycle signaling to can be for example wireless PAN or BAN provides low power communication.In certain aspects, corresponding wireless device can (for example) only be operated the several years by relatively little battery (for example, watch cell) power supply.This type of application can utilize scope from (for example) roughly the low relatively data rate of 1Kbps to the several data speed of the relative high data rate of 10Mbps roughly.For supporting this type of to use, can use to have as used herein teachings the relative simple solution of little protocol stack and low overhead effectively.In addition, the PDMA scheme can provide enough flexibility to handle other data rate simultaneously and to keep the duty cycle of the varying level that is used for these application.

The teaching of this paper can be incorporated in various types of systems that various types of device of use supporting the various communication technologys and agreement implements.For instance, in certain aspects, system (for example, system 300) can comprise transmission reference system.In the case, device transmits reference pulse subsequently by transmission associated data pulse and sends data.The device of received pulse can be represented described reference pulse with detection as " noise matched filter " subsequently by described data pulse data.Yet, should be appreciated that described system can use other signaling technology and/or ultra broadband signaling technology based on pulse.

In typical embodiments, in the one or more devices that may be implemented in transmitter assembly, receiver assembly or (combination) transceiver module in the assembly as herein described.For instance, transmitter can incorporate into the assembly function associated that is used for device 102 and device 302 mentioned above defining and to set up channel, and produce pulse in order to according to the signaling schemes that is defined and in described channel data.Similarly, receiver can be incorporated into the assembly function associated that is used for device 102 and device 302 mentioned above and has the channel of transmitter with foundation, and detects according to corresponding signaling schemes and in the pulse of described channel.To discuss these and other assembly and operations associated in more detail in conjunction with Figure 10,11 and 12.

Figure 10 explanation can be merged in the some exemplary components in the transmitter 1000 of supporting PDMA.Herein, channel defines the signaling schemes that selector 1002 (for example, corresponding to PDMA controller 112) is provided for setting up one or more channels.For instance, selector 1002 can be given channel provides channel to define parameter 1004, for example pulse repetition frequency (" PRF "), preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence (" THS ").Figure 10 illustrates an example, has wherein defined two parameter sets (parameter 1006,1008 and 1010 and parameter 1012,1014 and 1016) and has been used for different channels (for example, default channel " 1 " and new channel " 2 ").

Can produce described channel based on one or more channel kind subparameters 1018 and define one or more in the parameter 1004.For instance, channel defines generator 1020 and can select particular value to be used for pulse repetition frequency or to select particular sequence to be used for header or when being used to jump based on the value of kind of subparameter 1018 or based on a certain function of the combination of two or more kinds subparameter 1018.In the particular instance of describing in Figure 10, channel defines generator 1020 and can produce channel based on unit address (" DEV_ADDR ") 1022, channel indicator (" ID ") 1024, sequence number 1026 and safe key 1028 and define one or more in the parameter 1004.In certain aspects, can define parameter 1004 based on producing channel via one or more unit addresses 1030 that given channel receives one or more receivers of data.Therefore, transmitter can insert the acceptor device address 1032 and 1034 of (for example, storage) different channels.In certain aspects, unit address 1022 comprises the unit address that is associated with transmitter 1000.In the case, can produce the parameter 1004 of given channel based on the address of transmitter that uses described channel and receiver.The parameter that described technology can increase that channel is different from through defining the possibility of the parameter that is used for any adjacent channel.

For further increasing to the parameter that given channel selects is unique possibility, and transmitter and receiver negotiable (or with a certain alternate manner cooperation) are to select one or more kinds subparameter.For instance, these assemblies can be selected channel indicator, produce sequence number or produce safe key.Specifically, use described channel indicator in the time of can defining more than one channel at the device by given group.

In certain aspects, address selector 1062 (for example, corresponding to selector 324) can use one or more in kind of the subparameter 1018 to obtain to be ready to use in the shorter network address (source address, destination-address or both) of given channel.For instance, discuss as mentioned, address selector 1062 can be based on the network address of the transmitter that will utilize described channel, will utilize the network address of one or more receivers of described channel or a certain combination of these network addresss to derive the shorter network address.Described can be than the short address subsequently in order on described channel, to send data.

Pulse signal processor module 1036 (for example, corresponding to signal processor 116) uses channel to define parameter 1004 and out of Memory to send data on described channel.For instance, timing controller 1038 can define parameter 1004 control impuls generators 1040 based on channel and when produce pulse.In addition, in certain embodiments, the timing of the pulse that produces can define 1042 based on representative one or more time slots through defining the structure of time slot that is used for described channel.

In certain aspects, data producer assembly 1044 makes up (for example, via modulation scheme) and produces pulse signal waiting for transmission by pulse and the data 1046 that will be produced.For instance, in certain embodiments, phase place and/or the position that can modulate described pulse signal according to the value of the data bit of waiting to be sent to receiver.Subsequently the gained data pulse is provided to suitable multiple component units 1048, multiple component units 1048 is provided to antenna 1050 with described data pulse, the described data pulse of transmission on communication medium thereupon.

Discuss as mentioned, can will wait to be transferred to the data formatting of receiver in every way.For instance, described transmitter can send data as individual data bits, packet, stream data or with a certain other appropriate format.Therefore, transmitter 1000 can comprise data formatter/multiplexer 1052 or a certain other the suitable mechanism that is used for data formatting waiting for transmission.In certain embodiments, the timing of transmitting data can define 1042 based on representative one or more time slots through defining the structure of time slot that is used for described channel.In addition, transmitting the timing of data can be based on defining 1054 through defining one or more logic channels that are used for described channel.For instance, the data that are used for channel 2 (" CH2 ") can be relevant with two different data streams (called after CH2 DATA A and CH2 DATA B), can transmit described data flow via two logic channels on channel 2 subsequently.

Channel parameter selection operation and the data that will transmit at any given time can be depending on the current state of channel.For instance, during inactive state, selector 1002 can be selected default channel to define parameter to be used for known channel.During connection status, data formatter/multiplexer 1052 produces the bag data that are used for described channel.During the crossfire state, data formatter/multiplexer 1052 produces the stream data that is used for described channel.Therefore, transmitter 1000 (for example can comprise state controller 1056, corresponding to state controller 114), state controller 1056 can based on (for example) from the timing signal of one or more timers 1058, receive data 1060 (for example, the message that receives via another channel) or a certain other appropriate criteria and between state, change.In certain aspects, receiving data 1060 may or lack relevant with the existence of message professional or that receive via channel on the channel.As the latter's a example, state controller 1056 can come the change state in conjunction with page procedure or discovery procedure.

Figure 10 illustrates that also setter can support a plurality of concurrent channels.For instance, define the correspondence set of parameter 1004 based on channel, device can be set up quadrature or pseudo-orthogonal channel (for example, channel 1 and 2) so that can transmit corresponding data (for example, CH1 DATA and CH2 DATA) on the described channel concomitantly.

Figure 11 explanation can be merged in the some exemplary components in the receiver 1100 of supporting PDMA.To be similar to above in conjunction with the mode that Figure 10 was discussed, channel defines the signaling schemes (for example, channel defines parameter 1104) that selector 1102 (for example, corresponding to controller 112) can be provided for setting up one or more channels.On the other hand, channel defines parameter 1104 can comprise pulse repetition frequency parameter 1106,1112, preamble sequence 1108,1114 and the time-hopping sequence 1110,1116 that is used for one or more channels (for example, default channel " 1 " or new channel " 2 ") through defining.In certain aspects, receiver 1100 channel that may only can insert (for example, storage) and provided by transmitter defines parameter.Perhaps, receiver can use the assembly (for example, assembly 1120 and parameter 1118,1124,1126 and 1128) that is similar to above in conjunction with the described assembly of Figure 10, and it can define one or more in the parameter 1104 in order to derive channel.In the case, unit address 1122 can be corresponding to the address of receiver 1100, and unit address 1130 can be corresponding to the transmitter that is associated with different channels (address 1132,1134).Discuss as mentioned, when with the transmitter cooperation when defining channel, receiver 1100 can use one or more in kind of the subparameter 1118.

Address selector 1160 (for example, corresponding to address selector 324) can use in kind of the subparameter 1118 one or more (for example, the network address of transmitter 1000 or receiver 1100) obtains the shorter network address that (for example, deriving) is ready to use in given channel.In certain aspects, transmitter can be provided to receiver 1100 than the short address with described.In certain aspects, receiver 1100 can be provided to transmitter than the short address with described.In certain aspects, receiver 1100 can use the described transmission of going to receiver 1100 of discerning than the short address.

Pulse signal processor module 1136 (for example, corresponding to signal processor 116) uses channel to define parameter 1104 and out of Memory is discerned transmission and the signal extraction data from receiving from respective channels of going to receiver 1100.For this reason, multiple component units 1138 (for example, provide be similar to the functional of scan channel instrument 320) and associated antenna 1140 are provided assembly 1136.Herein, timing controller 1142 can define parameter 1104 based on channel and comes control data recovery component 1144 when to decode or extract data from institute's received pulse signal in addition.Discuss as mentioned, in certain embodiments, phase place and/or the position that can modulate described pulse signal according to the value of the data bit of waiting to be sent to receiver.Therefore, data recovery component 1144 can comprise additional functional to recover (for example, demodulation) data 1150 from described data pulse.In addition, in certain embodiments, the timing of described data restore operation can define 1146 based on representative one or more time slots through defining the structure of time slot that is used for described channel.

Discuss as mentioned, described transmitter can send data as individual data bits, bag, stream data or with a certain other form.Therefore, receiver 1100 can comprise that being used for that received data 1150 is separated formative data separates formatter/demultiplexer 1148 or a certain other suitable mechanism.Equally, the timing of data can define 1146 based on representative one or more time slots through defining the structure of time slot that is used for described channel.In addition, the timing of data can be based on defining 1152 through defining one or more logic channels that are used for described channel.Therefore, data are separated formatter/demultiplexer 1148 and can be extracted the logical channel data that turns back to the channel 2 in two various flows (CH2 DATA A and CH2 DATA B).

Also discuss as mentioned, channel parameter selection operation and the data that point receives in preset time can be depending on the current state of channel.On the other hand, during inactive state, selector 1102 can select default channel to define parameter 1104 to be used for known channel.During connection status, data are separated formatter/demultiplexer 1148 can separate packetize data 1150.During the crossfire state, but data are separated formatter/demultiplexer 1148 restore data stream.Therefore receiver 1100 (for example comprises state controller 1154, corresponding to state controller 114), its can based on (for example) from the timing signal of one or more timers 1156, receive data 1158 or a certain other proper standard and between state, change.In certain aspects, receiving data 1158 may or lack relevant with the existence of message professional or that receive via channel on the channel.As the latter's a example, state controller 1154 can be in response to page procedure or discovery procedure and the change state.

After understanding above the description, will handle in conjunction with the flow chart of Figure 12 can be in conjunction with the additional detail of the operation of PDMA scheme execution.Specifically, these exemplary operations are with that the various operations that channel and execution be associated with the state of described channel are set is relevant.

Represented as square frame 1202, the transmitter (for example, transmitter 1000) in first device will be based on (for example) by beginning to set up channel comprising the request of carrying out on the wireless device of described transmitter that application produced.Therefore, represented as square frame 1204, described transmitter can wake up to go up in known channel (for example, finding channel jointly) from power save state (for example, inactive state) message (for example, polling message) is sent to one or more receivers.Requirement on given application is decided, described message can ask from be positioned at just near the described transmitter any receiver or from the response of specific receiver.Latter instance may take place when transmitter obtains information about receiver by (for example) preferential associated program.And, not receiving immediately under the situation of response from described receiver, described transmitter can repeatedly send described message (for example, with the known time interval).

Discuss as mentioned, can define described known channel by the known channel parameter.In typical embodiments, described parameter can comprise known pulse repetition frequency and known header.In other embodiments, other parameter that can define time-hopping sequence for example or code sequence spreading is used for described known channel.In certain embodiments, can define an above known channel.And, in certain embodiments, can define known channel and be used for given sub-network (for example, being expected at one group of wireless device of communication sometime).

Represented as square frame 1206, the receiver in second device can be configured to regularly (for example, periodically) and wake up to scan described known channel from power save state.Described receiver can will confirm that via same channel or different channels (" ACK ") sends to transmitter subsequently.

Represented as square frame 1208, described transmitter and (according to circumstances) described receiver can define the parameter that is used for new channel.Discuss as mentioned, this can finish via the operation of selector 1002 and/or selector 1102.In addition, described channel parameter can be based on one or more kinds subparameter (for example unit address etc.).

Represented as square frame 1210,1212 and 1214, described transmitter and (according to circumstances) described receiver can define the additional attribute of described channel.In particular, can define one or more logic channels and be used for described channel (square frame 1210), can define structure of time slot and be used for described channel (square frame 1212), and the congested control that can implement a certain form is to attempt to reduce the interference (square frame 1214) between the adjacent channel.Usually carrying out these when setting up channel defines.Yet, in some cases, can define an attribute (for example, logic channel) at later time point.

Represented as square frame 1216, in certain embodiments, but transmitter and receiver initial setting up are used to wrap professional channel.For instance, transmitter can send capsule and be enclosed in effective load data (for example, having suitable header and error-control information) in the bag, the header for being associated with described channel before the described bag.Described error-control information can comprise that (for example) covers the CRC of the data bit in the described bag.In addition, can come the supervisory packet error rate by adopting the ARQ scheme.

Advantageously, this setting program can be carried out when initially setting up channel or at later time point.In addition, as discussed herein, reconfigurable channel is to support the data service of other type.

Represented as square frame 1218, in the connection status 906 that described channel can be in above to be discussed this moment.Therefore, receiver scans the bag (square frame 1220) by the transmitter transmission of described channel serially.

Can in the bag tandem, lean against and send bag privately, and keep pulse horizontal synchronization last bag up to described tandem so that receiver obtains the channel at the first bag place of described tandem.In this way, relatively costly channel obtains and may only take place once, and the overhead that therefore causes being associated with transmit head repeatedly originally reduces.

In certain aspects, the bag channel can be defined as no connecting channel.For instance, discuss as mentioned, conveyor means and acceptor device can begin the communication on the channel that uses known (for example, acquiescence) channel parameter.Therefore, described device can be provided with the communication that is based upon under the situation of the overhead that message or other similar message is associated on the channel not causing with channel.

Represented as square frame 1222, at some place sometime, may on channel, send stream data.Can (for example) via the bag on the bag channel crossfire request (for example, channel is provided with message) be sent to receiver and open described reconfiguring of beginning by transmitter.In response to this request, described transmitter and described receiver can be cooperated to set up the crossfire channel on described channel.For instance, these assemblies can define described crossfire channel timing, treat in described channel data type, spendable any synchronously, any other suitable characteristics of timeout interval, slot time, time slot size or described crossfire channel.

In certain aspects, can set up described crossfire channel concomitantly with the bag channel.For instance, described bag channel may not laid down fully at square frame 1222 places.But as discussed herein, as long as need, transmitter and receiver can seamlessly change at bag channel and crossfire interchannel.

In case set up the crossfire channel, described transmitter can send to stream data receiver (square frame 1224).At this moment, in the crossfire state 908 that described channel can be in above to be discussed.The data that send during described crossfire state can have the form of the data flow of (for example) bit stream, bag data or a certain other type.In addition, the pulse repetition frequency of dynamically regulating described channel is wanted data rate to be adjusted to.

Described crossfire channel can be two-way, comprises the forward channel and the backward channel of coupling.By described coupling, the timing of described two single crossfire channels of sub-channel sharing.For instance, the pulse position of crossfire channel can alternately be assigned to described forward channel and described backward channel to property, so that the relative data speed of two subchannels is 1:1.Another assigns example to allow described forward channel to use more pulse position, and (for example) causes the data rate ratio of 3:1.The use of coupling channel can provide the low relatively stand-by period in order to the crossfire interchannel in same frequency band.

The crossfire channel can be reception-forwarding channel, its comprise from the first node to the Section Point receive channel and from the forwarding channel of described Section Point to the three nodes.In this way, can transmit data on jumping a little a plurality of.Described two subchannels are coupled and the pulse position of shared single crossfire channel.Therefore, the channel of this type provides the storage of pulse level and transmits mechanism.

During the crossfire state, transmitter and receiver can take to keep the synchronous step (square frame 1226) with respect to the crossfire channel.For instance, described transmitter can (for example, periodically) time interval sends to described receiver, no matter and whether have any data that will send on described crossfire channel with rule with synchronizing information (for example, header and/or timing information).Confirm in case receive or do not receive, also can send similar information to obtain channel from the periodicity of receiver.Yet, no stream data the time interim, duty cycle can reduce to reduced levels to reduce power when still keeping certain level synchronous.

At some time point place, described channel can be reconfigured to turn back to bag channel (square frame 1228).Can (for example) in response to the explicit request that on crossfire is logical, sends or (automatically) owing to lacking stream data and open this transformation of beginning in the specific period (for example, after some milliseconds of inertias overtime).Therefore, this moment, described channel can turn back to connection status 906.

At some time point place, described channel can be returned to idle state 904 (square frame 1230).This can (for example) in response at the explicit request that sends on the bag channel or (automatically) owing to lacking the bag data in the specific period (for example, after some seconds inertias overtime) and taking place.Under this state, transmitter can be kept low-level relatively synchronous.For instance, described transmitter can wake up once in a while to send synchronizing information on described channel.Similarly, described receiver can wake synchronizing information, polling message or other message to scan described channel once in a while up.

Represented as square frame 1232, at some time point, described channel can be returned to inactive state 902.On the other hand, this can be in response to explicit request or (automatically) owing to lacking data in the specific period (after the inertias such as for example a day, a week overtime) and taking place.In this low duty cycle state, described receiver can (for example) wakes up once in a while with the polling message that scans described channel or the message of other type.

The teaching of this paper can be incorporated in the various devices.For instance, can (for example incorporate one or more aspects taught herein into phone, mobile phone), personal digital assistant (" PDA "), entertainment device are (for example, music or video-unit), earphone, microphone, biometric sensor (for example, heart rate monitor, pedometer, EKG device, keyboard, mouse etc.), user I/O device (for example, wrist-watch, remote controller, lighting switch etc.) or any other appropriate device.In addition, these devices can have different power and data demand.Advantageously, the teaching of this paper can be suitable for (for example using in low power applications, by using signaling schemes and low duty cycle mode based on pulse) and can support to comprise the several data speed of relative high data rate (for example, by using the high bandwidth pulse).

In certain aspects, in these devices both or both above can set up each other communication independently to exchange various types of information.For instance, but some persons of these devices of user's carrying (for example, wrist-watch, mobile phone and earphone) wherein can be provided to the data that received by a device another device to be used for presenting to described user more effectively.

Can implement assembly as herein described in many ways.For instance, referring to Figure 13, equipment 1300 comprises assembly 1302,1304,1306,1308,1310,1312,1314,1316,1318,1320 and 1322, and it can correspond respectively to (for example) previously discussed assembly 108,116,320,114,330,324,326,328,334,318 and 318.In certain aspects, these assemblies can be incorporated in the assembly 1324, described assembly can be corresponding to the assembly 1000 among (for example) Figure 10.In Figure 14, equipment 1400 comprises similar assembly 1402,1404,1406,1408,1410,1412,1414,1416,1418,1420 and 1422.In certain aspects, these assemblies can be incorporated in the assembly 1424, described assembly can be corresponding to the assembly 1100 among (for example) Figure 11.Figure 13 and 14 explanation can be implemented these assemblies via suitable processor module in certain aspects.In certain aspects, can use as used herein teachings structure to implement these processor modules at least in part.In certain aspects, processor can be suitable for implementing one or more parts or all functions in these assemblies.In certain aspects, one or more in the described assembly of being represented by frame of broken lines are optional.

In addition, can use any appropriate device to implement represented assembly of Figure 13 and 14 and function, and other assembly as herein described and function.Also can use as used herein teachings counter structure to implement this type of device at least in part.For instance, in certain aspects, the device that is used to transmit can comprise transmitter, the device that is used to receive can comprise receiver, be used to provide the device of access can comprise media access controller, the device that is used for processing signaling can comprise signal processor, the device that is used to set up channel can comprise the channel builder, the device that is used for scanning channel can comprise the scan channel instrument, the device that is used to produce sequence can comprise sequence generator, the device that is used for the selective addressing scheme can comprise address selector, be used for communicating devices and can comprise communication module, be used to make the device of slot synchronization can comprise slot synchronizer, the device that is used for transition stage can comprise state controller, is used to provide the device of congested control can comprise congestion controller.Also can implement one or more in the described device according to one or more in the processor module of Figure 13 and 14.

Be understood by those skilled in the art that, can use in multiple different skill and the technology any to come expression information and signal.For instance, data, instruction, order, information, signal, position, symbol and the chip that may mention in whole above the description can be represented by voltage, electric current, electromagnetic wave, magnetic field or magnetic particle, light field or optical particle or its arbitrary combination.

The those skilled in the art will further understand, various example logic blocks, module, processor, device, circuit and the algorithm steps of describing in conjunction with aspect disclosed herein (for example can be embodied as electronic hardware, numeral embodiment, simulation embodiment or both combinations, it can use source code or a certain other technology to design), incorporate various forms of programs or design code (for simplicity, it can be described as " software " or " software module " in this article) or both combinations of instruction into.For this interchangeability of hardware and software clearly is described, above substantially with regard to its functional descriptions various Illustrative components, block, module, circuit and step.With the functional hardware that is embodied as still is that software depends on application-specific and the design constraint of forcing on whole system.The those skilled in the art can implement described functional being used for each application-specific by different way, but this type of implementation decision should not be interpreted as causing the disengaging with the scope of this disclosure.

Various illustrative logical blocks, module and the circuit of describing in conjunction with aspect disclosed herein can be implemented or carry out with the following: general processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or its through design to carry out arbitrary combination of function as herein described.General processor can be microprocessor, but in replacement scheme, described processor can be any conventional processors, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Also processor can be embodied as the combination of calculation element, for example combination, a plurality of microprocessor of DSP and microprocessor, combine one or more microprocessors or any other this type of configuration of DSP nuclear.

Should be appreciated that any certain order of the step in any process that discloses or level are examples of exemplary method.Based on design preference, should be appreciated that, rearrange the certain order or the level of the step in the described process in can be in maintaining the scope of this disclosure.Appended method item has presented the element of plurality of step with sample order, and and does not mean that and be limited to certain order or the level that is presented.

In the software module that the method for describing in conjunction with aspect disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can be embodied directly in the hardware, carried out by processor or in both combinations.Software module (for example, comprise executable instruction or relevant data) and other data can reside in the data storage computer-readable storage medium of known any other form in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disk, removeable disk, CD-ROM or this technology for example.Exemplary storage medium can be coupled to machine, for example, computer/processor (for simplicity, it can be described as " processor " in this article), this type of processor can be from described read information (for example, code) and to its writing information.Exemplary storage medium can be integrated with described processor.Described processor and described medium can reside among the ASIC.Described ASIC can reside in the subscriber's installation.In replacement scheme, described processor and described medium can be used as discrete component and reside in the subscriber's installation.In addition, in certain aspects, any suitable computer program can comprise computer-readable media, and it comprises the one or more relevant code in the aspect with this disclosure.In certain aspects, computer program can comprise encapsulating material.

The those skilled in the art provide the previous description of institute announcement aspect so that can make or use this disclosure.The those skilled in the art will be easy to understand the multiple modification to these aspects, and under the situation of the scope that does not break away from this disclosure, the basic principle that this paper defined can be applied to others.Therefore, do not wish that this disclosure is limited to aspect shown in this article, but give itself and principle and novel feature the widest consistent scope disclosed herein.

Claims (68)

1. media access control method, it comprises:

Provide access via reciprocity medium access control, the concurrent ultra-wideband channel of dividing the pulse multiple access is used in described reciprocity medium access control support; And

Handle at least one signal that is associated with described ultra-wideband channel.

2. method according to claim 1 is wherein set up described ultra-wideband channel so that all pulses substantially of given one of described ultra-wideband channel all produce in the time different with any other pulse of described ultra-wideband channel.

3. method according to claim 1 is wherein set up in the described ultra-wideband channel each based in the group that is made up of the following at least one: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

4. method according to claim 3 wherein defines in described preamble sequence and the described time-hopping sequence at least one based in the group that is made up of the following at least one: conveyor means address, acceptor device address, channel indicator, sequence number and safe key.

5. method according to claim 1 wherein defines a structure of time slot to be used for described at least one each of described ultra-wideband channel.

6. method according to claim 1, wherein described each at least one with described ultra-wideband channel is defined as bag channel, crossfire channel or bag channel and crossfire channel.

7. method according to claim 1 wherein defines a plurality of minutes pulse multiplexing logic channels to be used for described at least one each of described ultra-wideband channel.

8. it is one functional that method according to claim 1, wherein said reciprocity medium access control have, described functional other medium access control function that is used for via all other devices of described ultra-wideband channel communication that is similar to substantially.

9. method according to claim 8, wherein said reciprocity medium access control insert for described at least one of described ultra-wideband channel provides channel independently, and do not consider to be used for any other access scheme of described ultra-wideband channel.

10. method according to claim 8, wherein said medium access control function comprises holding state and active state, and described method further comprises:

In described holding state, with low duty cycle scan described ultra-wideband channel described at least one; And

In described active state, with the duty cycle that is higher than described low duty cycle scan described ultra-wideband channel described at least one.

11. method according to claim 10, wherein said active state are no connection status.

12. method according to claim 10, it further comprises in response to discovery procedure or page procedure and is converted to described active state from described holding state.

13. method according to claim 8 wherein defines described at least one the addressing scheme that is used for described ultra-wideband channel based in the group that is made up of the following at least one: one address of described device, with described device in the shorter network address and channel parameters that are associated.

14. method according to claim 13, wherein said channel parameter comprises at least one in the group that is made up of the following: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

15. method according to claim 8, it further comprises communication:

With use the shorter network address insert described ultra-wideband channel described at least one; Or

With do not use the network address insert described ultra-wideband channel described at least one.

16. method according to claim 15, the wherein said shorter network address is based on transmitter address, receiver address or transmitter and receiver address.

17. method according to claim 8 is wherein set up in the described ultra-wideband channel each based in the group that is made up of the following at least one: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

18. method according to claim 8, it further comprises:

Define structure of time slot to be used for described at least one each of described ultra-wideband channel; And

Under a time slot level, make the communication synchronization on described each at least one of described ultra-wideband channel.

19. method according to claim 1 is wherein carried out described method in transmitter.

20. method according to claim 1 is wherein carried out described method in receiver.

21. method according to claim 1, in the wherein said ultra-wideband channel described each have roughly 20% or more fractional bandwidth, have roughly 500MHz or more bandwidth, or have roughly 20% or more fractional bandwidth and have roughly 500MHz or more bandwidth.

22. method according to claim 1 is wherein carried out described method in earphone, microphone, biometric sensor, heart rate monitor, pedometer, EKG device, user I/O device, wrist-watch, remote controller, switch or tire pressure monitoring device.

23. a medium access control equipment, it comprises:

The equity media access controller, it is suitable for supporting to use the concurrent ultra-wideband channel of branch pulse multiple access; And

Signal processor, it is suitable for handling at least one signal that is associated with described ultra-wideband channel.

24. equipment according to claim 23 is wherein set up described ultra-wideband channel so that all pulses substantially of given one of described ultra-wideband channel all produce in the time different with any other pulse of described ultra-wideband channel.

25. equipment according to claim 23, each in the wherein said ultra-wideband channel are based in the group that is made up of the following at least one and set up: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

26. equipment according to claim 25, at least one in wherein said preamble sequence and the described time-hopping sequence are based in the group that is made up of the following at least one and define: conveyor means address, acceptor device address, channel indicator, sequence number and safe key.

27. equipment according to claim 23, wherein a structure of time slot is through defining to be used for described at least one each of described ultra-wideband channel.

28. equipment according to claim 23, described each at least one of wherein said ultra-wideband channel is through being defined as bag channel, crossfire channel or bag channel and crossfire channel.

29. equipment according to claim 23, wherein a plurality of minutes pulse multiplexing logic channels are through defining to be used for described at least one each of described ultra-wideband channel.

30. it is one functional that equipment according to claim 23, wherein said reciprocity media access controller are suitable for having, described functional other medium access control function that is used for via all other devices of described ultra-wideband channel communication that is similar to substantially.

31. equipment according to claim 30, wherein said media access controller are suitable for independently providing channel to insert for described at least one of described ultra-wideband channel, and do not consider to be used for any other access scheme of described ultra-wideband channel.

32. equipment according to claim 30, wherein said medium access control function comprises holding state and the active state that is defined by state controller, and described equipment further comprises:

Be suitable in described holding state scanning described at least one the scan channel instrument of described ultra-wideband channel with low duty cycle; And

Be suitable in described active state scanning described at least one the scan channel instrument of described ultra-wideband channel with the duty cycle that is higher than described low duty cycle.

33. equipment according to claim 32, wherein said active state are no connection status.

34. being suitable in response to discovery procedure or page procedure, equipment according to claim 32, wherein said state controller is converted to described active state from described holding state.

35. equipment according to claim 30, it further comprises the addressing scheme selector, and described addressing scheme selector is suitable for defining described at least one the addressing scheme that is used for described ultra-wideband channel based in the group that is made up of the following at least one: one address of described device, with described device in the shorter network address and channel parameters that are associated.

36. equipment according to claim 35, wherein said channel parameter comprises at least one in the group that is made up of the following: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

37. equipment according to claim 30, it further comprises the addressing scheme selector, and described addressing scheme selector is suitable for communication:

With use the shorter network address insert described ultra-wideband channel described at least one; Or

With do not use the network address insert described ultra-wideband channel described at least one.

38. according to the described equipment of claim 37, wherein said addressing scheme selector is based on transmitter address, receiver address or transmitter and receiver address and derive described shorter destination network address.

39. equipment according to claim 30, it further comprises the channel builder, and described channel builder is suitable for defining described ultra-wideband channel based in the group that is made up of the following at least one: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

40. equipment according to claim 30, it further comprises:

The channel builder, it is suitable for defining a structure of time slot to be used for described at least one each of described ultra-wideband channel; And

Synchronizer, it is suitable for the communication synchronization on described each at least one that makes under the time slot level in described ultra-wideband channel.

41. equipment according to claim 23, wherein said equipment is implemented in the transmitter.

42. equipment according to claim 23, wherein said equipment is implemented in the receiver.

43. equipment according to claim 23, in the wherein said ultra-wideband channel described each have roughly 20% or more fractional bandwidth, have roughly 500MHz or more bandwidth, or have roughly 20% or more fractional bandwidth and have roughly 500MHz or more bandwidth.

44. equipment according to claim 23, wherein said equipment are implemented in earphone, microphone, biometric sensor, heart rate monitor, pedometer, EKG device, user I/O device, wrist-watch, remote controller, switch or the tire pressure monitoring device.

45. a medium access control equipment, it comprises:

Be used for providing via reciprocity medium access control the device of access, the concurrent ultra-wideband channel of dividing the pulse multiple access is used in described reciprocity medium access control support; And

Be used to handle device with at least one signal that is associated of described ultra-wideband channel.

46. according to the described equipment of claim 45, wherein said ultra-wideband channel through setting up so that all pulses substantially of given one of described ultra-wideband channel all produce in the time different with any other pulse of described ultra-wideband channel.

47. according to the described equipment of claim 45, each in the wherein said ultra-wideband channel is based in the group that is made up of the following at least one and sets up: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

48. according to the described equipment of claim 47, at least one in wherein said preamble sequence and the described time-hopping sequence is based in the group that is made up of the following at least one and defines: conveyor means address, acceptor device address, channel indicator, sequence number and safe key.

49. according to the described equipment of claim 45, wherein a structure of time slot is through defining to be used for described at least one each of described ultra-wideband channel.

50. according to the described equipment of claim 45, described each at least one of wherein said ultra-wideband channel is through being defined as bag channel, crossfire channel or bag channel and crossfire channel.

51. according to the described equipment of claim 45, wherein a plurality of minutes pulse multiplexing logic channels are through defining to be used for described at least one each of described ultra-wideband channel.

52. according to the described equipment of claim 45, it is one functional that the wherein said device that is used to provide access has, described functional other medium access control function that is used for via all other devices of described ultra-wideband channel communication that is similar to substantially.

53. according to the described equipment of claim 52, the wherein said device that is used to provide access is independently for described at least one of described ultra-wideband channel provides channel to insert, and do not consider to be used for any other access scheme of described ultra-wideband channel.

54. according to the described equipment of claim 52, wherein said medium access control function comprises holding state and active state, described equipment further comprises:

Be used for scanning with low duty cycle described at least one the device of described ultra-wideband channel at described holding state; And

Be used in the described active state described at least one the device that scans described ultra-wideband channel with the duty cycle that is higher than described low duty cycle.

55. according to the described equipment of claim 54, wherein said active state is no connection status.

56. according to the described equipment of claim 54, it further comprises and is used in response to discovery procedure or page procedure and is converted to the device of described active state from described holding state.

57. according to the described equipment of claim 52, described at least one the addressing scheme that wherein is used for described ultra-wideband channel be based on the group that forms by the following at least one define: the address of one in the described device, with described device in the shorter network address and channel parameters that are associated.

58. according to the described equipment of claim 57, wherein said channel parameter comprises at least one in the group that is made up of the following: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

59. according to the described equipment of claim 52, it further comprises the device of the following content that is used to communicate by letter:

With use the shorter network address insert described ultra-wideband channel described at least one; Or

With do not use the network address insert described ultra-wideband channel described at least one.

60. according to the described equipment of claim 59, wherein said shorter destination network address is based on transmitter address, receiver address or transmitter and receiver address.

61. according to the described equipment of claim 52, each in the wherein said ultra-wideband channel is based in the group that is made up of the following at least one and sets up: pulse repetition frequency, preamble sequence and time-hopping sequence.

62. according to the described equipment of claim 52, it further comprises:

Be used for defining described at least one each the device of structure of time slot of described ultra-wideband channel; And

The device that is used for the communication synchronization on described at least one each that makes under the time slot level in described ultra-wideband channel.

63. according to the described equipment of claim 45, wherein said equipment is implemented in the device that is used for transmitting.

64. according to the described equipment of claim 45, wherein said equipment is implemented in the device that is used for receiving.

65. according to the described equipment of claim 45, in the wherein said ultra-wideband channel described each have roughly 20% or more fractional bandwidth, have roughly 500MHz or more bandwidth, or have roughly 20% or more fractional bandwidth and have roughly 500MHz or more bandwidth.

66. according to the described equipment of claim 45, wherein said equipment is implemented in earphone, microphone, biometric sensor, heart rate monitor, pedometer, EKG device, user I/O device, wrist-watch, remote controller, switch or the tire pressure monitoring device.

67. a medium access control computer program, it comprises:

Computer-readable media, it comprises and is used to impel at least one computer to carry out the code of following operation:

Provide access via reciprocity medium access control, the concurrent ultra-wideband channel of dividing the pulse multiple access is used in described reciprocity medium access control support; And

Handle at least one signal that is associated with described ultra-wideband channel.

68. a medium access control process, described processor is suitable for:

Provide access via reciprocity medium access control, the concurrent ultra-wideband channel of dividing the pulse multiple access is used in described reciprocity medium access control support; And

Handle at least one signal that is associated with described ultra-wideband channel.

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