CN101425220A - Intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN101425220A CN101425220A CNA2007100562418A CN200710056241A CN101425220A CN 101425220 A CN101425220 A CN 101425220A CN A2007100562418 A CNA2007100562418 A CN A2007100562418A CN 200710056241 A CN200710056241 A CN 200710056241A CN 101425220 A CN101425220 A CN 101425220A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technology of wireless sensor networks and the technical field of telemetering meter reading, which discloses an intelligent telemetering gas meter based on a wireless sensor network and comprises a wireless radio frequency receiving and transmission module, a microprocessor module, a power supply management module, a gas parameter collection module, a universal peripheral interface module, a storage module and a liquid crystal display module. The invention realizes the telemetering meter reading by utilizing the technology of wireless sensor networks, supports indoor gas leakage detection and alarm, improves the reliability and the safety of wireless transmission, reduces redundancy, substitutes intensive meter reading, saves cost, improves the management level of gas business, realizes more complicated gas charging policy, and embodies higher expandability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless sensor network technology, remote meter reading and data collecting field, refer more particularly to a kind of intelligent remote installed meter equipment based on wireless sensor network technology.
Background technology
Wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Network, be called for short WSN) is considered to one of most important technology of 21 century, is the numerous sensor mode by radio communication, connects each other, handles, transmits the network of information.This network synthesis sensor technology, embedded computing technique, distributed information processing and the communication technology, the various environment in monitoring in real time, perception and the collection network distributed areas or the information of monitoring target, and these information are handled, send required user to.Wireless sensor network all has purposes widely in military affairs, industry, traffic, safety, medical treatment, detection and family and working environment etc. aspect a lot, its research, development and application, be related to each great aspects such as national security, economic development, caused in the world in recent years and paid attention to widely and drop into.
Intelligent telemetering gas meter of the present invention be utilize wireless sensor network, in conjunction with embedded program design, sensor interface technology, data interface techniques, power-saving technology, computation optimization technology, clock optimisation technique, Time synchronization technique etc., formation is core with intelligent chip (as CPU), has the intelligent gas meter of new generation of multiple functions such as gas metering, charging, wireless transmission, Long-distance Control, power management, warning.
At present, according to existing management system and technical matters, intelligent gas meter also is in tentatively to be applied the stage, and the distance between gas meter, flow meter and the base station is restricted, and still needs artificial execute-in-place, network coverage face is less, and because number of base stations is bigger, cost is higher, can not realize real-time data acquisition and monitoring, can not support the monitoring and the warning function of real-time gas leakage, not intelligent completely.
Therefore, in order to satisfy the needs that government utility is used, the combining with wireless sensor network technology designs and realizes a kind of multi-functional intelligent telemetering gas meter, will have crucial meaning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to above-mentioned prior art, and at the problem and shortage part that present Intelligent Gas Meter system exists, designs and realize a kind of intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless sensor network.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: design and realize the intelligent telemetering gas meter equipment based on wireless sensor network technology, can realize the real-time data acquisition of gas metering; Can realize isoparametric collection of gas meter, flow meter state and transmission; Can show data fusion; Can realize the network data forwarding of other public utilities tables; Can support IEEE 802.15.4 agreement and ZigBee agreement, with the difficult problem of the wiring that overcomes existing wired remote-transmission mode with solve the restricted drawback that existing wireless remote transmission mode lower network covers; Can support Long-distance Control for local gas meter, flow meter; Can support the Network Management Function of wireless sensor network.Comprise: local node registration, node state, routing iinformation, local fault diagnosis (as power down, strong magnetic interference), warning etc.; Can support gas leakage to detect and warning function; Have tamper, tamper-proof warning function; Support supply voltage to detect and the undervoltage warning function; Support power down to close the valve warning function.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
The gas meter, flow meter device hardware comprises: radio frequency transceiving module; Microprocessor module, power management module, combustion gas parameter acquisition module, universal external interface module, memory module, LCD MODULE.
The communication that described radio frequency transceiving module is used for the gas meter, flow meter meshed network is used for receiving and sending radiofrequency signal.It finishes the data of gas meter, flow meter node itself or other gas meter, flow meter nodes, state upload the following biography or the execution of control command in the network.
Described microprocessor module is the core of gas meter, flow meter node, is used to finish the data acquisition on the node, data processing, and the work between each module is coordinated in base table control; Data acquisition mainly is that gas flow is gathered, and to the collection of the various attributes of base table, data processing comprises integrates teletransmission to gathering the data of coming; Base table control comprises that the power supply to gas meter, flow meter manages, to the management of disturbing, to the response of teletransmission order.
Described power management module is provided by the energy that provides the gas meter, flow meter node required, the monitoring of gas meter, flow meter battery electric quantity, under-voltage processing, power down protection, last electric treatment.Under-voltage processing is reported to the police with alarm module, and closes gas meter valve in due course, forbids radio frequency transceiving module work, at first is that information storage with gas meter, flow meter is to memory module, if valve Guan Zeguan valve not during power down protection.The initialization of gas meter, flow meter of finishing dealing with powers on.
Described combustion gas parameter acquisition module is used to gather the collection of various parameters such as gas consumption, combustion gas quality, pressure and other parameters, carries out some necessary processing, stores and uploads.
Described universal external interface module is used to provide the interface of external logic module and microprocessor, is used for later product up-gradation.
Described memory module is used for when gas meter, flow meter dispatches from the factory, to the initialization of gas meter, flow meter self-information, and the data of storage of collected gained and local gas meter, flow meter information and state parameter.
Described LCD MODULE is used for explicit user and uses gas quantity and other information.Can show the accumulative total consumption, residue tolerance, valve leaves, and valve closes, strong magnetic interference, battery is under-voltage, maloperation.
Preferably, the system communication mode adopts ZigBee communication protocol, utilizes the radiowave mode to carry out data communication, makes full use of the free frequency range of 2.4G that IEEE 802.15.4 standard provides.
This equipment is realized data forwarding and autonomous route by abstract self-organizing network watchdog routine, safeguards a mesh network topological structure (tree type and star-like hybrid network) that is made of intelligent gas meter or other data acquisition network devices (base station).Each node support with the networking of ZigBee mode with communicate by letter, the routing algorithm multi-hop that node can be optimized to the data transmission of gateway is to gateway node.Topology of networks can be star and bunch tree, and the scope of radio communication will not be subjected to the restriction of geographical conditions like this.
This equipment support prepaid mode of operation, the user sends to the node preservation by control center with rate, gas quantity behind the paying on the net.When network broke down, the gas meter, flow meter node is the combustion gas of leading subscriber use separately still.After getting rid of, can upload network failure user's information again.Because of the wireless telecommunications that table causes interrupt not influencing data acquisition of single table and preservation (only influencing reading of this table data), do not influence reading of other table data yet, even changing table during this reading breaks down, only need launch data again, still can continue meter reading, its security and stability are reliable.
Long-distance meter-reading system of the present invention no longer is confined to concentrate the long-range pattern of making a copy for, and preferably, it not only can but also can concentrate certain building or certain residential quarters user's combustion gas information and read and do not need manual intervention the online copy reading of sole user.
Intelligent updating among the present invention can make gas meter, flow meter be undertaken by network when upgrading, need only control the new program code of hollow issue, and the gas meter, flow meter node can realize downloading local update then.Need not to reclaim the gas meter, flow meter artificial regeneration.
Preferably, the intelligent gas meter in the native system can independently detect its signal intensity and network state, and system is by real time on-line monitoring, judgment device communications status, for information such as whether off-position, intelligent gas meter node lost efficacy, thus carry out online management.This system makes gas meter, flow meter can show really to move towards intelligent, networked.
From technique scheme as can be seen, the intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless network sensor provided by the invention has possessed more complete function, has strong advantage in the management of utility network with in using.Major advantage is as follows:
1) realization utilizes the remote meter reading of wireless sensor network technology
2) improve reliability.Than existing radio meter register technology, possess higher redundance, data can be transmitted by mulitpath.
3) save cost.Comprise human cost, replaced intensive checking meter.
4) improve combustion gas service management level.By timely grasp for the user's gas situation, can for prevent to run, emit, steal, administrative vulnerability such as leakage and human feelings gas, system and technical foundation are provided.
5) security of raising communication.Adopted world advanced person's data network communication security technology.
6) realize more complicatedly, help promoting peak valley valuation etc. with the gas policy of chargeing.
7) higher extensibility.The renewal of system can be passed through the long-range realization of software fully, and need not to change gas meter, flow meter.
8) can support indoor fuel gas Leak Detection and warning function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the network communication of wireless sensor system assumption diagram
Fig. 2 is a gas meter, flow meter systematic schematic diagram provided by the present invention
Fig. 3 is a CC2420 typical application circuit
Fig. 4 is gas meter, flow meter warning circuit figure that the embodiment of the invention provided
Fig. 5 is CC2420 and MSP430F149 hardware connection layout
Fig. 6 is power-supply management system schematic diagram that the embodiment of the invention provided
Fig. 7 is gas meter, flow meter electric power management circuit figure that the embodiment of the invention provided
Fig. 8 is gas meter, flow meter power circuit diagram that the embodiment of the invention provided
Fig. 9 is Gas meter valve gate drive circuit figure that the embodiment of the invention provided
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
The network communication of wireless sensor architecture as shown in Figure 1.
As shown in Figure 2, the hardware configuration of gas meter, flow meter node comprises the detection of the gas flow of gas meter, flow meter; Detection to strong magnetic interference; The control of gas meter valve; The gas meter, flow meter power management; Radio communication; Real-time clock; Sound and light alarm; Functional modules such as power down protection.
Gathering gas consumption mainly is that the mechanical acquisition system that depends on base table itself cooperates the electronic switch of autonomous Design partly to finish.Combustion gas quality, pressure mainly adopt digital photoelectricity, and pressure transducer is finished.
Preferably, radio frequency transceiving module adopts the CC2420 chip, as Fig. 3, this chip adopts half-sine pulse modulation O-QPSK ZAP, carrier wave frequency range is 2400-2483.5MHz, and peak transfer rate is 250Kbps, and CC2420 handles for packets of information hardware supported widely is provided.Data buffer, emission, data encryption, digital proof, clear channel assessment (CCA), link-quality indication etc.Be connected with SPISIMO, SPISOMI, the UCLK pin of microprocessor by SI, SO, SCLK, FIFO, FIFOP, CCA link to each other with the I/O mouth of the band interrupt function of microprocessor, CSN, RST, VREG link to each other with the common I/O pin of microprocessor, and SFD links to each other with the I/O mouth that possesses the timing acquisition function of microprocessor.As Fig. 5.
Preferably, microprocessor module is the MSP430F149 chip, has 5 kinds of energy-saving modes, and power consumption stream can fully economize on electricity when Data Detection for 0.1uA~400uA, satisfies the energy-conservation requirement under the powered battery; Have powerful processing power (risc architecture, 8MHZ crystal, driving command cycle 125ns) and abundant interior peripheral hardware (the 60KB+256B Flash of sheet, 2KB RAM, 2 serial ports/SPI interfaces, 48 I/O mouths, analog comparator A also comprises 2 16 timer, the function that comparison is arranged and catch; Chip internal provides the ADC controller of 12 sampling precisions of one 8 passage, and circuit has adopted 430 typical circuit connection, the clock and watch crystal oscillator of 8 pin and the external 32768HZ of 9 pin.When doing the PCB encapsulation, its earthing of casing.The ceramic disc capacitor of the two ends of a crystal oscillator 30p respectively in parallel is to ground.1 pin and 64 pin connect the power supply of 3.3V; 62 pin and 63 pin ground connection; The external reset circuit of 58 pin.
The battery electric quantity monitoring is finished by ADC on the sheet of MSP430, adopts periodic monitor mechanism.Electric weight hangs down early warning, and power down protection and electrifying startup cooperate the sheet external circuit of MSP430 to finish by the comparer A on the sheet of MSP430.Memory function is finished with information FLASH on the sheet of MSP430.
Preferably, microprocessor module is finished the product up-gradation and the Breakdown Maintenance of gas meter, flow meter economize on electricity itself by the USB port communications of specific BSL interface and realization of UART interface and PC, and communicates by synchronous serial interface SPI and radio transceiver unit.
Preferably, the output of gas flow detecting sensor is connected to MSP430F149 to be had on the IO mouth of interrupt function, and the generation pulse of cycle sensor is interrupted MSP430F149 by this IO mouth, carries out the pulse flow counting.
Preferably, have on the IO mouth of interrupt function when the output of strong magnetic interference detecting sensor is connected to MSP430F149 equally, when strong magnetic interference occurred, the sensor electrical level state changed, interrupt MSP430F149 by the IO mouth, inform that there is strong magnetic interference in the MSP430F149 gas meter, flow meter external world.Gas meter, flow meter is with valve closing, and with the time warning, it is that strong magnetic interference is arranged around notifying the user, cause valve closing, behind valve closing, the user presses the game clock button behind 10s, can be with valve open, stopping light simultaneously reports to the police, if but in 10 minutes, such situation occurs 5 times, then the game clock keys deactivation, light is reported to the police, and the user need notify gas company to keep in repair.
Preferably, the control of gas meter valve adopts the H bridge circuit of simplifying to drive the direct current generator realization.Four triodes are formed the drive part of bridge; Two triodes are formed the control section of bridges, are controlled by two IO mouths, and the controllable valve door motor just changes/reverses/stops.Can pass through the open and close of remote control command by-pass valve control.As Fig. 9.
Preferably, acoustic alarm drives hummer by triode and realizes, an IO mouth is connected to the base stage of triode, and IO mouth set/reset may command hummer is rung/do not ring; Light is reported to the police and is adopted a direct driving LED of IO mouth to realize.Can pass through remote control command, gas meter, flow meter is carried out sound, light controlling alarm.As Fig. 4.
Preferably, power management adopts the comparer A on the MSP430F149 sheet, 12 A/D converter, schottky diode, and super capacitor is finished jointly.12 A/D periodic monitor battery voltage information, comparer A and super capacitor are finished the monitoring of system to power down (user takes off battery), power on (user installation battery) jointly.Whole power-supply management system circuit comprises 16 single-chip microcomputer MSP430F149, power module of voltage regulation (TPS76933), cell voltage processing module, super capacitor circuit module, reset circuit of SCM module, crystal-oscillator circuit module (32768HZ clock and watch crystal oscillator).As Fig. 6.
Preferably, electric power system has been carried out vandal-proof protection design, at the thermistor of a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) of power input series connection, and between the positive pole of power supply and ground Zener diode of cross-over connection.The gas meter, flow meter system is carried out overvoltage protection.
Each functional module of gas meter, flow meter system all designs according to low-power consumption.What the steady pressure of system circuit adopted is low-power consumption, the LDO of ultra low differential pressure.All triodes all are to be on off state in the circuit, when not working, have only the leakage current consumed energy of triode.Flow detection circuit and anti-strong magnetic interference testing circuit also are not power consumption when not working.In electric power management circuit, the supply voltage of system is the 3.3V of LDO output, three joint AA cell voltages are greater than the supply voltage of MSP430F149, carry out voltage monitoring so can not directly gather cell voltage with AD, but the voltage behind the collection electric resistance partial pressure, in order to reduce power consumption, divider resistance has adopted million grades of resistance, Current Control at microampere order.According to the IEEE802.15.4 standard, battery powered apparatus can be in sleep state in the most of the time.So MSP430F149 is the sleep state that is in low-power consumption mode LPM3 when not having Interrupt Process, the not enough 1uA of the working current of this moment.CC2420 has determined whether the Messages-Waiting processing by periodically waking the monitoring wireless channel up.Cycle wakes CC2420 up and realizes by real-time clock, and in order to reduce power consumption, the real-time clock of realizing in MSP430F149 adopts two timer Timer_A and Timer_B to unite and finishes.The pwm signal of a TBCCR output of Timer_B is imported as the clock of Timer_A, and this real-time clock can be realized more than 30 hour timing under the intervention that does not have CPU.When CC2420 was in accepting state, electric current was 19.7mA, and when being in emission state, electric current is 17.4mA.But the data volume that the gas meter, flow meter node need be communicated by letter seldom, so the CC2420 activity time is very short.Under the not frequent situation of communicating by letter, the energy that CC2420 consumes is seldom.Whole gas meter, flow meter node average current is not more than 200uA, and the alkaline AA battery of three joints can be to use more than 1 year.
Claims (5)
1. the intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless sensor network is characterized in that, this equipment comprises:
Radio receiving transmitting module is used for receiving and sending radiofrequency signal;
Microprocessor module is used to finish data processing and logical operation on the node;
Power management module is provided by the energy that provides node required and voltage detecting and early warning;
Combustion gas parameter acquisition module is used to gather gas consumption, combustion gas quality, pressure and other parameters;
The universal external interface module is used to provide the interface of external logic module and microprocessor;
Memory module is used for storage of collected gained data and local gas meter, flow meter information and state parameter;
LCD MODULE is used for explicit user gas quantity and other information.
2. a kind of intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described system, is provided with a power down protection mechanism, can be in the moment of power down, and the data in memory protection this locality and the forwarding.
3. a kind of intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described system, has designed the dual modes of operation of teletransmission and local meter reading.
4. a kind of intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described system, has designed tamper-proof function, can send alerting signal to long-distance management system when finding destruction.
5. a kind of intelligent telemetering gas meter based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1 is characterized in that, adopts the both-way communication mode, realizes the Long-distance Control to local gas meter, flow meter, comprises out valve, closes valve, warning etc.
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CN104482979A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-01 | 重庆市山城燃气设备有限公司 | Flow monitoring intelligent gas meter |
CN105469503A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2016-04-06 | 成都兴联宜科技有限公司 | Method for giving alarm on magnetic interference and protecting and shutting valve for wireless card type prepaid gas meter |
CN106370253A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-02-01 | 成都前锋电子仪器有限责任公司 | Concentrator system applied to remote transmitting gas meter |
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CN108512838A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-07 | 天津大学 | Wireless sensor network Security Analysis of Routing Protocol method based on loophole attack |
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