CN101424341B - High-load special-shaped hole - Google Patents
High-load special-shaped hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN101424341B CN101424341B CN2008101596492A CN200810159649A CN101424341B CN 101424341 B CN101424341 B CN 101424341B CN 2008101596492 A CN2008101596492 A CN 2008101596492A CN 200810159649 A CN200810159649 A CN 200810159649A CN 101424341 B CN101424341 B CN 101424341B
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- shaped hole
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- hole
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Abstract
The invention relates to a high-load special-shaped hole, which is in variable elliptical shape. The axial section of the special-shaped hole is in the shape that two ends of the axial section are in an warping-up horn mouth shape; the tessellation line of two ends of the axial section is in a curved shape; and the tessellation line of the axial section of the middle segment of the special-shapedhole is in a linear shape. The ellipticity of the transverse section of the special-shaped hole follows an axial position to change in a curve (including a segmented straight line and a segmented curve) law, and has a mathematical model expression as above, wherein a and K in the expression are different constants respectively; a is more than or equal to 0.4x10<-4>, and less than or equal to 2x10<-4>; K is more than or equal to 5x10<-4>, and less than or equal to 1.5x10<-3>; x is an axial feeding coordinate value of the special-shaped hole; R1 and R2 are different real numbers; G is the ellipticity of the special-shaped hole; Gmax is less than or equal to 0.05 millimeter; G0 is basic ellipticity; G0 is more than or equal to 0, and less than or equal to 0.01 millimeter; alpha angle is a deflection angle of a measuring point relative to the direction of an excircle elliptical long axis; and delta is an elliptical radial shrinkage amount relative to the alpha angle of the long axis. The special-shaped hole can improve the bearing capacity of high-load bearing holes by more than 30 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel high-load special-shaped hole structure, be particularly useful for the pin-and-hole of modern high load piston etc.
Background technique
High-load special-shaped hole adapts to the suffered more and more higher actual conditions of all kinds of bearing holes and proposes, and people's seeking and studying more high-load special-shaped hole shape and processing technique thereof more quickened in the particularly development of high load engine technology in recent years.Along with the raising of automobile engine power and rotating speed, piston pin boss has born more and more higher machinery and heat load.The test of U.S. AE PLC shows: adopt traditional cylindrical piston pin-and-hole, the interior lateral stress of piston pin hole is 147 times of outer lateral stress.Stress is concentrated along the stress extremely uneven, the piston pin hole inside height that the piston pin hole axis distributes, and has quickened the fatigue failure of piston, causes piston to break.Common cylindrical piston pin-and-hole structure has been difficult to adapt to the more and more higher machinery and the requirement of heat load, and becomes the bottleneck technology that internal combustion engine development is carried in restriction at a high speed, by force.
Improving the bearing capacity of piston pin boss, under the situation that material property is restricted, come homogenizing piston pin hole stress distribution by optimizing the piston pin hole shape, with the high concentration that eliminates stress, is valid approach.Pin bore axis cross section (vertically) profile line is designed to toroidal, can alleviates the high stress concentrations of pin-and-hole both sides effectively; The cross section (laterally) of pin-and-hole is designed to ellipse, helps increasing the area of contact of key seat after stressed, also can reduce stress and concentrate; Because the bearing pin distortion changes with its position in pin-and-hole is different,, be to become oval so the size of ovality also should change with the difference of irregularly-shaped hole axial position.
At present existing piston pinhole structure, mainly contain: ellipse, pin-and-hole medial and lateral taper shape (being commonly called as the taper noncircular pin hole), pin-and-hole medial and lateral toroidal (being commonly called as the hyperbola noncircular pin hole) etc., these noncircular pin hole structures are concentrated at the stress of having alleviated piston pin boss in varying degrees, but owing to structure is limit, so its relieve stresses is concentrated limited in one's ability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of stress to distribute on average, reduce the high-load special-shaped hole of fatigue failure, raising bearing holes bearing capacity along the bearing holes axis for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art.
The objective of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize: a kind of high-load special-shaped hole, it is characterized in that described irregularly-shaped hole is for becoming oval, the axial cross section of irregularly-shaped hole is shaped as: two ends are the toroidal that upwarps, its plain line is a curvilinerar figure, and the plain line of intermediate section axial cross section is a lineal shape; The ovality of the radial cross section of irregularly-shaped hole changes with axial position curved (comprising segmentation straight line, sectional curve) rule; Its general mathematical model representation is:
A in the formula, K are respectively different constants, and wherein the value of y is different and different with the situation of bearing load because of the structure of irregularly-shaped hole, generally speaking 0.01mm≤y≤0.03mm; The value of a is under the situation that guarantees the y value, regulates generally speaking 0.4 * 10 according to the length of noncircular pin hole
-4≤ a≤2 * 10
-4The horn section length of irregularly-shaped hole is generally 3～8mm, in particular cases can reach about 12mm; X is an irregularly-shaped hole axial feed coordinate figure, and corresponding elliptical aperture has different span R with bellmouth orifice x
1, R
2(R
1, R
2Be different real number scopes); G is the ovality of irregularly-shaped hole, and promptly major axis shortens shaft size, general maximum ovality G
Max≤ 0.05mm; G
0Be basic ovality, 0≤G generally speaking
0≤ 0.01mm.The m=1 ovality is Changing Pattern linearly, and ovality is the quadratic curve Changing Pattern during m=2; The α angle is a measuring point phase transverse direction angle of yaw to foreign round; Oval radial contraction amount when Δ is relative major axis α angle; The numerical value of K is according to G
Max, G
0Reach the oval irregularly-shaped hole partial-length x of change and determine,, be 20mm, G when becoming oval irregularly-shaped hole length for example for the diesel engine piston irregularly-shaped hole about ∮ 110mm
Max=0.03mm, G
0During=0.01mm, K=0.001.Generally speaking 5 * 10
-4≤ K≤1.5 * 10
-3
1. the shape of cross section in such hole is non-circular, and this non-circular sectional shape is generally oval; 2. the size of this hole ovality changes with the difference of cross section, hole axial position.The Changing Pattern of ovality curved (comprising segmentation straight line, sectional curve) rule changes; 3. the axial cross section in such hole is shaped as: the two ends in hole are the toroidal that upwarps, and the size of iiared port diameter is different because of the difference of bearing holes stressing conditions, and its side bus is generally the curve of power function form.The shape of this invention high-load special-shaped hole is a kind of non-space of circles curve form.
The difference of the present invention and existing piston pinhole is: the high-load special-shaped hole structure of this " become oval " formula that is a kind of, and the size of ovality is because of the axial difference difference of measuring position, and the Changing Pattern of ovality comprises linear rule and non-linear rule; Its longitudinal profile sectional shape is a kind of power function curve shape simultaneously, and the power of two ends, high load hole power function curve reaches the coefficient difference.
High-load special-shaped hole (or claiming non-round surface shape irregularly-shaped hole) will make bearing holes in working order down, stress is best along the homo-effect that bearing holes distributes, under the constant situation of other conditions such as material, can improve the bearing holes bearing capacity more than 30%, it is the most obvious to improve bearing holes bearing capacity effect.
The present invention specifically is applied on the high load plunger designs, has formed novel " middle-convex and varying ellipse shape " piston pinhole, under the constant situation of other conditions such as material, can improve piston pin boss bearing holes bearing capacity more than 30%.The present invention is effective equally for the high load bearing holes of other transferring power, applied range.According to the difference of concrete application, the curve form of high-load special-shaped hole also is not quite similar, and when carrying out the high-load special-shaped hole design at concrete application, in good time correction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a high-load special-shaped hole longitudinal shaft cross section structure schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a high-load special-shaped hole cross section elliptical shape sketch.
Fig. 3 is that high-load special-shaped hole is from axial position O
1To O
2Ovality Changing Pattern figure;
Fig. 4 is the high load piston pinhole structural drawing that ovality is segmentation straight line Changing Pattern;
Fig. 5 is the high load piston pinhole structural drawing that ovality is segmentation quadratic curve Changing Pattern;
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment 1: ovality is the high load piston pinhole structure of segmentation straight line Changing Pattern, shown in Fig. 1～4:
Wherein: φ is a high load piston irregularly-shaped hole diameter; Δ
1Be high load piston irregularly-shaped hole collar extension size radius increment, Δ
2Be high load piston irregularly-shaped hole internal orifice size radius increment.
As can be seen from Figure 4: the shaft section molded lines of high load piston irregularly-shaped hole generally is divided into 3 sections, and outermost is the outside in hole for one section, and this is a kind of horn mouth shape, and its plain line is the curve of power function form; The plain line of intermediate section shaft section is generally lineal shape; The inboard of piston hole also is a kind of horn mouth shape, and its plain line is the curve of power function form, because the inside and outside lateral stress of high load piston hole is concentrated the difference of situation, so its plain line style line equation difference.Δ rule of thumb
1Generally get about 0.01mm Δ
2Get about 0.02mm Δ
1, Δ
2Value finally to follow according to stress and concentrate situation to determine.
Its mathematical model representation is:
In the formula: y (y=y
1, y
2), represent high load pin-and-hole medial and lateral change in radius amount respectively, the value of y is different and different with the situation of bearing load because of the structure of irregularly-shaped hole, generally speaking 0.01mm≤y≤0.03mm; A (a=a
1, a
2), represent high load pin-and-hole medial and lateral horn mouth power function coefficient, definite method of its concrete numerical value is: under the situation that guarantees the y value, regulate generally speaking 0.4 * 10 according to the length of noncircular pin hole
-4≤ a≤2 * 10
-4c
2, c
4Represent the inside and outside horn section length of irregularly-shaped hole, be generally 3～8mm, in particular cases 12mm; X is an irregularly-shaped hole axial feed coordinate figure; c
1Represent the piston pin boss interior edge face apart from the part distance between center line; c
3Representing high load pin-and-hole side bus is the length of straight section.
G (G=G
1, G
2), represent the ovality of irregularly-shaped hole medial and lateral, promptly major axis shortens shaft size, general maximum ovality G
Max≤ 0.05mm; d
1Be basic ovality, 0≤d generally speaking
1≤ 0.01mm.High load piston pinhole ovality Changing Pattern shown in Figure 4 is a kind of Changing Pattern of segmented; d
2, d
3Be respectively the ovality of the inside and outside end of pin-and-hole; The α angle is a measuring point phase transverse direction angle of yaw to foreign round; Oval radial contraction amount when Δ is relative major axis α angle; b
1=c
1, for becoming oval pin-and-hole inboard apart from the part distance between center line; b
2For becoming oval pin-and-hole ovality from d
1Change to d
2Pairing pin-and-hole axial dimension; b
3For become oval pin-and-hole from the basis oval d
1Change to the maximum oval d in the outside
3The time correspondence the pin-and-hole axial dimension.
Embodiment 2: ovality is the high load piston pinhole structure of segmentation quadratic curve Changing Pattern, as shown in Figure 5:
Its mathematical model representation is:
G (G=G
1, G
2), rule of thumb, maximum ovality G
Max≤ 0.05mm, concrete numerical value are according to the difference of bearing holes stressing conditions: bearing holes is stressed big, and G gets higher value; Bearing holes is stressed little, and G gets smaller value; a
3, a
4Be the high load pin-and-hole outside and inboard quadratic term correction factor, ovality value and elliptical aperture length b that its numerical values recited is finally determined according to bearing holes
2, b
3Determine; All the other each parameters are identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: the high-load special-shaped hole structure of " convexity ellipse " shape
With respect to embodiment 1, work as G
1=G
2The time, that is to say that high load hole ovality does not change, this has just formed the high-load special-shaped hole of " convexity ellipse " shape (rather than becoming oval), and its mathematical model is:
Each parameter item meaning in the formula, as previously mentioned.
Embodiment 4: the high-load special-shaped hole structure of " bipyramid+ellipse " shape
With respect to embodiment 3, work as y
1, y
2Be not to be the quadratic curve rule to change, but when linearly rule changed, this had just formed the high-load special-shaped hole structure of " bipyramid+ellipse " shape, its mathematical model is:
Each parameter item meaning in the formula, as previously mentioned.
At present existing piston pinhole structure, as: ellipse, pin-and-hole medial and lateral taper shape (being commonly called as the taper noncircular pin hole), pin-and-hole medial and lateral toroidal (being commonly called as the hyperbola noncircular pin hole) etc., all belong to embodiment 3, embodiment's 4 special case, repeat no more herein.
High load piston irregularly-shaped hole accuracy to shape:
The machined surface profile degree is 0.0015mm;
Dimensional accuracy 0.003mm;
Surface roughness Ra 0.4.
The difference of high load piston pinhole structure and existing piston pinhole is: the high load noncircular pin hole structure of this " become oval " formula that is a kind of, the size of ovality is different because of the difference of axial measuring position, and the Changing Pattern of ovality has linear and nonlinear two kinds of situations; Its longitudinal profile sectional shape is a kind of power function curve shape simultaneously, the coefficient entry and the length difference thereof of two ends, high load hole power function.
The present invention specifically is applied on the high load plunger designs, has formed novel " middle-convex and varying ellipse " shape piston pinhole.According to the difference of concrete application, the curve form of high-load special-shaped hole also is not quite similar, and when carrying out the high-load special-shaped hole design at concrete application, in good time correction.
The present invention can not only improve the bearing capacity of engine piston key seat, and is effective equally for the high load bearing holes of other transferring power, applied range.
Claims (1)
1. workpiece, it has high-load special-shaped hole, it is characterized in that, and described irregularly-shaped hole is for becoming oval, and the axial cross section of irregularly-shaped hole is shaped as: two ends are the toroidal that upwarps, and its plain line is a curvilinerar figure, the plain line of intermediate section axial cross section is a lineal shape; The ovality of the transversal face of irregularly-shaped hole with axial position linearly, curve law changes; The general mathematical model representation of described irregularly-shaped hole is:
G is the ovality of irregularly-shaped hole in the formula, and promptly major axis shortens shaft size, G
Max≤ 0.05mm; G
0Be basic ovality, 0≤G
0≤ 0.01mm; A, K are respectively different constants, wherein, and 0.4 * 10
-4≤ a≤2 * 10
-4, 5 * 10
-4≤ K≤1.5 * 10
-3Y is an irregularly-shaped hole radial direction variable quantity, 0.01mm≤y≤0.03mm; X is an irregularly-shaped hole axial feed coordinate figure; R
1, R
2Be different real numbers; The α angle is a measuring point phase transverse direction angle of yaw to foreign round; Oval radial contraction amount when Δ is relative major axis α angle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101596492A CN101424341B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | High-load special-shaped hole |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101596492A CN101424341B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | High-load special-shaped hole |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101424341A CN101424341A (en) | 2009-05-06 |
| CN101424341B true CN101424341B (en) | 2010-07-14 |
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ID=40615134
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101596492A Expired - Fee Related CN101424341B (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2008-11-11 | High-load special-shaped hole |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102689850B (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2015-02-04 | 淮南郑煤机舜立机械有限公司 | Hydraulic push jack and hydraulic support |
| CN103334798B (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2015-05-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-arc specially-shaped hole |
| CN105041386B (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2016-08-31 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of circular arc and straightway mixing profiled holes |
| CN107120374B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-02-15 | 南京工程学院 | A kind of automobile-used torsion-bar spring and its manufacturing method |
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2008
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|---|---|
| CN101424341A (en) | 2009-05-06 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Owner name: WENDENG MAXPOWER TOOLS GROUP CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANDONG UNIVERSITY AT WEIHAI Effective date: 20120110 |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20120110 Address after: 264499, No. 8, Shenzhen Road, Wendeng, Shandong, Weihai Patentee after: Maxpower Tool Group Corporation Address before: 264209 Weihai Cultural Road West, Shandong, No. 180 Patentee before: Shandong University ai Weihai |
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| C56 | Change in the name or address of the patentee |
Owner name: WEIHAI WEILI HIGH-END TOOLS CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER NAME: WENDENG MAXPOWER TOOLS GROUP CO., LTD. |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: 264499 No. 8-21, Shenzhen Road, Wendeng Economic Development Zone, Shandong, Weihai Patentee after: WEIHAI WEILI HIGH-GRADE TOOLS CO., LTD. Address before: 264499, No. 8, Shenzhen Road, Wendeng, Shandong, Weihai Patentee before: Maxpower Tool Group Corporation |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20100714 Termination date: 20171111 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |