CN101421496A - On-board fractionation system and methods to generate an engine starting fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

A Fuel Fractionation System (FFS) and associated methods to generate and store a fuel for internal combustion engines is provided. FFS provides a distillation column assembly to distill liquid fuel to form a volatile light fraction secondary fuel. The distillation column assembly includes a vaporization module to vaporize a feed fuel in the distillation column and includes a condensation module to condense heavy fraction components of the vaporized feed fuel. FFS also provides a controller positioned to control the vaporization of feed fuel in the distillation column to thereby control the separation of the feed fuel into light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components, and positioned to control the condensation of the heavy fraction components so that fuel exiting a light fraction output port in the distillation column is substantially light fraction fuel components by volume.

Description

Be used to generate the launch vehicle fuel fractionation system and method for engine priming fuel

Background of invention

1. related application

[0001] present patent application requires to obtain the rights and interests and the preference of the U.S. Provisional Application 60/774,683 of filing an application with on February 17th, 2006, at this it is quoted in full.

2. invention field

[0002] the present invention relates to prime mover industry, especially the engine fuel system of fuels and energy motor furtherly, relates to a kind of fuel system and method that is used to reduce the means of transportation hydrocarbon emission.

3. description of Related Art

[0003] since morning from nineteen forty-two, especially in the urban district that height of car is concentrated, people will be considered as the undesirable result of automotive society by the atmospheric pollution that internal-combustion engine causes.The engine exhaust thing is produced by multiple source, and differs widely on quantity and composition according to engine type, operation point, state, design and fuel volatility.Do not take the motor of certain emission control measure for those, it is said that the 20-25% of its effulent comes from crankcase ventilation, 60% comes from exhaust, and remaining part comes from evaporation loss, and these are main relevant with fuel tank.Contain unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide that quantity does not wait in the engine exhaust gas.

[0004] in recent years, researcher's various discharge-reducing methods that taken a broad survey.These researchs have obtained great successes.As a result, present automobile only discharged the sub-fraction refuse relatively before several years.Although obtained great advance like this, also need further to improve.NBS constantly requires further to reduce effulent.Further reducing in the process of effulent, a major obstacle is exactly, and in the modern transportation instrument, the hydrocarbon emission of 60-95% occurs in after the means of transportation cold starting in the working procedure of second of 30-90 at first.

[0005] claimant thinks, the excess hydrocarbon emissions when some kinds of factors cause motor low temperature.One of them main cause is exactly that volatility is not good enough down in start-up temperature (promptly being lower than 30) for fuel greatly, thereby makes that will reach steady fuel just needs overfeeding fuel when crank rotates with preheating.Overfueling causes higher engine export hydrocarbon emission.The remarkable excessive meeting of supply of fuel makes this problem worse, after cold starting 1-2 minute, releasing system catalyzer (being catalytic converter) just can reach its optimum working temperature, therefore, just can not make all unburned fuels that comprise the unburned fuel that generates owing to overfueling when starting be able to oxidation.

[0006] in the past, people once attempted eliminating warm-up phase, and they make engine operation at warm-up phase with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or other gaseous state secondary fuel, and the gasoline of after reaching normal working temperature, just migrating.This conception is used in tractor and other machine.These devices have a separate fuel case, and the secondary fuel that is different from fuel in the main fuel tank is housed in the separate fuel case.But because the client need fill two fuel tanks, and it is quite rare again to be used for vaporized fuel is dispensed into the distributor of means of transportation, so these systems are proved to be not too practical.In addition, the client has to learn new characteristic and adapts to new safety specification.These 2 Consumers are difficult to accept.

[0007] for difficulty and the unworthiness of using two separate fuel casees and two kinds of fuel source system, other system is developed, and these systems are divided into two-part with a fuel tank, and one of them is more volatile than another.But these systems still have narrow limitation, comprising: undesirable delay when when starting, remaining in use, the engine start of the main fuel on the fuel tank, require additional or comprehensive supercharging and heating system, effective production of light volatile fuel, undesirable fuel tank generate heat caused discharge vaporization increase with and/or send out and mix and the use of the element that cost is expensive etc.

[0008] this literary composition is with its U. S. Patent that quotes in full 6,119,637 described launch vehicle distillation systems (OBDS) are by called afters such as Matthews " the launch vehicle gasoline distillation of hydrocarbon input start up period of being used to reduce " and entrust to the agent, it is devoted to solve the cold start emission problem, its use vapour separator to extract a kind of height volatilization secondary fuel in the middle of gasoline or the gasoline/crude alcohol mixture etc. in case between starting and warming up period special use and before motor is reset with this kind secondary fuel purge fuel pipeline.It is believed that OBDS can be increased to the 20-25% that required component capacity in the secondary fuel can be exported from previous system about 50%.It is excessive that special secondary starting fluid helps to eliminate the starting fluid supply.But being mainly used in, this system has a fuel system to fuel tank return line motor.And this system is used for basically making recycle primary fuel so that the additional secondary fuel that does not extract when further being extracted in for the first time by vapour separator.

[0009] therefore, the claimant recognizes the system that a kind of complexity is lower and cost is lower that needs, it can: more effectively fuel is separated into various components so that produce the secondary fuel that required component volume is formed at 80%-100%; The air-fuel mixture of improvement was provided in the engine start stage; The catalysis heating of enhancing is provided; Reduce the work capacity demand; The inherence of reducing any evaporation discharging increases; Also therefore reduce total hydrocarbon emission than previous system.

Summary of the invention

[00010] in view of the above, embodiment provides a kind of fuel separate system (FFS) and correlation technique thereof among the present invention, it is a kind of development to launch vehicle distillation system (OBDS), it provides a kind of complexity and the lower system of cost, and this system more effectively is separated into various components with fuel so that produce secondary fuel.The hydrocarbon volumetric composition can be between 80-100% in the secondary fuel, and wherein carbon number is six or still less.System can provide the air-fuel mixture of improvement in the engine start stage, the catalyzed conversion heating (reaching accordingly more high efficiency) of enhancing can be provided, can reduce the work capacity demand, the inherence that can reduce any evaporation discharging increases, and also therefore can reduce the discharging of total hydrocarbon.

[00011] particularly, a kind of embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of and is used for a motor and has the fuel system of fuel inlet.This fuel system comprises a main fuel tank, a fractionating tower assembly and a controller.Main fuel tank is used for primary fuel is fed to motor; Fractionating tower assembly liquid towards fuel distills to form volatile light fraction secondary fuel; Controller is used for controlling the evaporation of fueling in the fractionating tower, thereby control fuel is to the separation of light fraction and heavy fraction fuel components, it also controls the condensation of heavy distillate, is the light fraction fuel component basically thereby make on the fuel space of light fraction delivery outlet output.

[00012] the fractionating tower assembly can include a fractionating tower with shell, and shell comprises a upper end portion, a underpart and is between the two intermediate portion.The intermediate portion of shell is run through in the fuel supply hole, is used to accept fueling from main fuel tank for distillation.Fueling comprises light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components.The light fraction delivery outlet runs through the upper end portion of shell, is used to export the light fraction fuel after the distillation.The heavy distillate delivery outlet runs through the underpart of shell, is used to export heavy fraction fuel.

[00013] the evaporation module is positioned near the shell underpart, so that make the evaporation of part fueling at least, thereby strengthens the separation that supplies the fuel to light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components.The condensation module is positioned near the shell upper end portion, so that make the heavy fraction fuel condensation, thereby is the light fraction fuel component basically on volume from light fraction delivery outlet output.For instance, the packed tower that includes a three-dimensional porous metal tower body evaporates in shell between module and the condensation module to strengthen distillation of fuel.The reinforced surface zone that porous metals provided has strengthened the recirculation in the fractionating tower, and has improved gathering of the light last runnings steam in tower body top and gathering of bottom heavy ends components.

[00014] corresponding with various sensitive inputs, controller is by the evaporation of evaporation module control fueling, by the condensation of condensation module control heavy ends components or heavy fraction components.Controller can be guaranteed with certain rate of heating the fractionating tower bottom to be heated, thereby in tower body, under temperature required and pressure, generate steam, controller can also be guaranteed the fractionating tower top is cooled off, thereby under temperature required and pressure, carry out condensation, so just produce suitable with and have a secondary fuel of required feature.

[00015] system can comprise that also a heat exchanger is in order to carry out preheating and the thermogravimetric tails stream that flows out the fractionating tower bottom is cooled off to fractionating tower fueling stream.Heat exchanger has two big functions.At first, heat exchanger causes worry that discharge vaporization increase thereby help to alleviate people to raising owing to the main fuel tank temperature by carrying cold fuel to main fuel tank.Secondly, heat exchanger is by to being sent to main fuel tank usually or other local heat energy reclaims, thereby helps energy-conservation and be applied to fractionating tower.

[00016] another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of fuel fractionation system that a motor has fuel inlet that is used for.This system can comprise a main fuel tank and a fractionating tower assembly, and main fuel tank is fed to motor with primary fuel, and the fractionating tower assembly distills the elementary fueling of a part and forms volatile light fraction secondary fuel.The fractionating tower assembly can include a fractionating tower with shell, shell comprises a upper end portion, a underpart and is between the two intermediate portion, the intermediate portion of shell is run through in the fuel supply hole, is used to receive fueling from main fuel tank for distillation.The light fraction delivery outlet runs through the upper end portion of shell, is used to export the light fraction fuel after the distillation.The heavy distillate delivery outlet runs through the underpart of shell, is used to export heavy fraction fuel.The evaporation module is positioned near the shell underpart, so that make the evaporation of part fueling at least, thereby fueling is separated into light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components, the condensation module is positioned near the shell upper end portion, so that heavy fraction fuel components is carried out condensation, thereby the fuel of exporting from the light fraction delivery outlet is the light fraction fuel component basically on volume.Evaporation module and condensation module mutually combine, thereby consonance is produced the suitable secondary fuel with required feature.

[00017] embodiment among the present invention also provides the fuel fractionation method.For instance, wherein a kind of fuel fractionation method can include the step that a fractionation tower assembly is provided, and this fractionation tower assembly comprises one, and to be used for the liquid fuel fractionation be the fractionation tower of volatile light fraction secondary fuel.Fractionation tower can comprise a light fraction delivery outlet and a heavy distillate delivery outlet, the light fraction delivery outlet runs through the upper end portion of fractionation tower assembly, be used to export the light fraction fuel after the distillation, the heavy distillate delivery outlet runs through the underpart of fractionating tower assembly, is used to export heavy fraction fuel.This method also can comprise step: fueling is transported to fractionation tower; Fueling at least a portion fractionation tower is evaporated, supply the fuel to separating of light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components thereby strengthen; Before the fuel after the evaporation flows out the light fraction delivery outlet, fuel and heavy fraction fuel after partly evaporating are carried out condensation, thereby the fuel after the evaporation of light fraction delivery outlet outflow is the light fraction fuel component basically on volume by the condensation module.This method also can be included in the step of carrying out heat exchange between fueling of sending in the fractionating tower and the heavy fraction fuel that flows out fractionating tower.

[00018] FFS that embodiment provides among the present invention and correlation technique are a kind of development to OBDS, and OBDS all increases significantly at aspects such as performance, fitness for use and packings relatively.The launch vehicle FFS and the method embodiment that are used to generate the petrol power engine priming fuel provide: the packing that (1) is compact; (2) separate more fast and effectively; (3) do not need to wait until that motor arrives complete heating work temperature, for example, do not need as OBDS, fractionating tower to be heated by engine coolant; (4) the bottom liquid among the FFS can directly be that motor is used.Embodiment also helps to eliminate or reduces owing to hot fuel returns the height discharge vaporization that main fuel tank causes among the present invention, in addition, by ignition timing in advance and mutually combining of using of higher octane bottom liquid, also helps to strengthen engine power output.Under proper temperature (21 ℃～27 ℃), the volatility of FFS light fraction secondary fuel is expected to reach at least five times of normal benzine, thereby reduces catalyzed conversion igniting number of times (at least 5%), and hydrocarbon emission reduces 80-90% or more.

Brief description

[00019] for making people to feature of the present invention and advantage and the others that will understand gradually a more detailed understanding be arranged, illustrated embodiment is made the present invention who above sketches and being specified below with reference to accompanying drawings, and this is also as the part of this specification.But should be noted in the discussion above that accompanying drawing is the usefulness of explaination various embodiments of the invention only, and be not intended to the restriction scope of the invention, because the present invention also can comprise other various effective embodiments.

[00020] block diagram among Figure 1A-1C has been done contrast to the fuel flow path of the FFS structure among seat formula structure, OBDS structure and a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[00021] Fig. 2 is the schematic representation of FFS fractionating tower among a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[00022] Fig. 3 assembles schematic representation behind the various sensors for fractionating tower among a certain embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 2;

[00023] Fig. 4 is for having engaged the fractionating tower controller schematic representation of various sensors among a certain embodiment of the present invention, and these sensors are used for controlling evaporation and the condensation in the fractionating tower;

[00024] Fig. 5 is the schematic representation of FFS fractionating tower in another embodiment of the present invention;

[00025] Fig. 6 flows through for fluid among a certain embodiment of the present invention and has the schematic representation that the FFS that supplies with preheater (being designated as " heat exchanger ") and bottom liquid return main fuel tank;

[00026] Fig. 7 leads to the schematic representation of special fuel case for flow through FFS and heavy ends (bottom fluid) of fuel fluid in another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein the special fuel case is connected on the main fuel tank or as its part;

[00027] Fig. 8 is the used schematic representation of motor for flow through FFS and bottom liquid (heavy ends) of fuel;

[00028] Fig. 9 is the schematic representation that has the motor fuel inlet of primary fuel and secondary fuel nozzle among a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[00029] Figure 10 is connected on a valve and the controller so that the schematic representation of selecting between primary fuel and secondary fuel for fuel nozzle among a certain embodiment of the present invention;

[00030] the engine controller schematic representation of Figure 11 for being used among a certain embodiment of the present invention provide ignition timing to shift to an earlier date or delay.

Describe in detail

[00031] with reference to the accompanying drawing of having explained the various embodiments of part the present invention is made more fully explanation below.The present invention may realize in various mode, therefore it should not limited civilian for this reason described embodiment.After these embodiments were provided, this general of the disclosure was complete more comprehensively, and will pass on scope of the present invention more fully to the personnel that are proficient in technology.Similar numeral similar components in full.In alternative embodiment, as use apostrophe, then represented similar elements.

[00032] fuel fractionation system (FFS) is a kind of development to launch vehicle distillation system (OBDS).The various embodiments of FFS many great aspect on all different with OBDS and other alternative fuel system.Figure 1A-11 helps to explain FFS and method embodiment thereof and has emphasized some differences, especially compares with OBDS.By to main system element and process such as below with the investigation of the fuel supply described in detail, distillation, overhead condenser/gas compressor, heavy ends processing, heat recovery, fuel applications etc., these main difference points are able to best elaboration.

[00033] fuel supply

[00034] Figure 1A-1C has explained typical OBDS fuel system (seeing Figure 1B) and the difference of a certain embodiment of FFS (seeing Fig. 1 C) in the fuel supply design, and wherein diagram seat formula structure (seeing Figure 1A) is as the usefulness of reference.According to illustrated embodiment, FFS intercepts and captures a part of fuel supply a fluid stream; And OBDS intercepts and captures whole fuel backflows.Like this, FFS just is applicable to common rail fuel systems and the fuel system that do not reflux.OBDS generally only is applied in fuel and turns back in the fuel system of main fuel tank.The FFS fuel flow rate also can be significantly less than OBDS.Therefore, the required energy input of FFS reduces greatly than OBDS, thereby used element is littler, and installs compacter.These little FFS elements can more easily be placed in the means of transportation that fuel tank is housed.

[00035] fractionation.

[00036] as below will describing in detail, it is volatile light fraction secondary fuel that fractionating tower assembly 31 is used for the liquid fuel fractionation.One of main difference point between FFS and the OBDS is exactly: FFS adopts fractionating tower 33 to finish separating of light last runnings or light fraction fuel and heavy ends or heavy fraction fuel, and OBDS adopts simple flash drum usually.Common vaporization chamber compared by fractionating tower 33 or the OBDS vaporization chamber can provide bigger separating power.Such as conventional system required component volume ratio in secondary fuel is 20-25%, and it is believed that OBDS rises to about about 50%.According to the difference of supply source fuel composition, environmental conditions and fractionating tower 33 internal structures, the design of the enhancement mode of FFS fractionating tower 33 makes required component significantly be increased between about 80-100%.

[00037] available many kinds of modes design fractionating tower 33, thereby FFS just is not limited to a certain specific design of use.That is to say, below provide and figure in show that as shown in Fig. 2-5, the specific design details of FFS fractionating tower 33 only provides for the explaination purpose.

[00038] the distillation principle is briefly discussed and is of value to the understanding of enhancement to FFS.Distillation is based on and balances each other and the gravity separation principle.In typical vaporization chamber, thereby liquid phase closely contacts with gas phase and reaches liquid-gas equilibrium.Vaporization chamber bottom is heated and the top is not heated.Bottom low temperature is changed balance, thereby the gas phase that flows out the vaporization chamber top just only contains the lightest composite.The heavier component that liquid phase is gathered will be fallen the tower body bottom, and in the bottom, the temperature of heat promotes balance, thereby the heaviest composite just is collected in the bottom liquid.Simultaneously, lighter component will be evaporated from the mixture of vaporization chamber bottom fully.Light last runnings or light-fraction components by tower body to the upper reaches; Heavy ends or heavy fraction components are to dirty.The fueling component is able to effective distribution in vaporization chamber, thereby minimum boiling point composition and maximum boiling point composition just are collected at the top and bottom of tower body respectively.Then light last runnings component steam is carried out condensation and storage, and remove heavy ends components.The vaporization chamber bottom is heated repeatedly, carry out condensation at the vaporization chamber top then, heavy ends components just is collected at the bottom of vaporization chamber like this.

[00039] Fig. 2 and fractionating tower assembly 31 shown in Figure 3 comprise a fractionating tower 33 with insulation crust 41, insulation crust 41 comprises a upper end portion 43, a underpart 45 and is between the two intermediate portion 47, the intermediate portion 47 of shell 41 is run through in fuel supply hole 49, is used for accepting fueling from main fuel tank 51 (seeing Fig. 6-8) for distillation.Fueling comprises light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components.Light fraction delivery outlet 53 runs through the upper end portion 43 of housing 41, is used to export light fraction or light tail fraction fuel component after the distillation.Heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 runs through the underpart 45 of shell 41, is used to export heavy fraction fuel group indignation.Though it should be noted that aperture shown in the figure 49,53,55 is centering and arranges that other various structures all belong within the various embodiments of the invention scope.

[00040] evaporation module 61 is positioned near the underpart 45 of shell 41, and is preferably whole so that make part at least, thereby the fueling evaporation strengthens the separation that supplies the fuel to light fraction fuel and heavy distillate people component.The thermal source of evaporation module 61 can be the sustainable resistance that obtains, thermoelectric heatpump (see figure 2) etc. or known other device of personnel of being proficient in technology; Also can be the vapor compression heat pump (see figure 5) that could obtain when under the motor nominal situation, working, as means of transportation air-conditioning (gas compressor pipeline), engine coolant, engine exhaust or be proficient in known other device of personnel of technology.

[00041] condensation module 63 is positioned near the upper end portion 43 of shell 41, so that make the heavy fraction fuel components condensation, thereby the fuel of exporting from light fraction delivery outlet 53 is the light fraction fuel component basically on volume.The temperature difference required between the top and bottom has been set up in this cooling action at top 43 just.The cooling source of condensation module 61 can be the sustainable forced convection fan that obtains, thermoelectric heatpump (see figure 2) etc. or known other device of personnel of being proficient in technology; Also can be vapor compression heat pump 67 (see figure 5)s that could obtain when under the motor nominal situation, working, as means of transportation air-conditioning (vaporizer pipeline).

[00042] a three-dimensional packed tower 65 is housed with the enhancing distillation of fuel between evaporation module 61 and the condensation module 63 in shell 41, is filled with porous metals such as heat conduction packing material such as steel fiber matrix, steel wool in the three-dimensional packed tower 65 or is proficient in other Heat Conduction Material that the personnel of technology know.The reinforced surface zone that the heat conduction packing material is provided has strengthened the recirculation in the fractionating tower, and has improved gathering of tower body top light last runnings component steam and gathering of bottom heavy ends components.

[00043] as shown in Figure 4, controller 71 is controlled the evaporation of fuelings by evaporation module 61, thereby fueling is separated into light last runnings component and heavy ends components; And the condensation by condensation module 65 control heavy ends fuel, thereby the fuel that flows out from light fraction delivery outlet 63 is the light fraction fuel component basically on volume.Controller 71 can be guaranteed with certain rate of heating fractionating tower 33 bottoms 45 to be heated, thereby in tower body 33, under temperature required and pressure, generate steam, controller 71 can also be guaranteed fractionating tower 33 tops 43 are cooled off, thereby carries out condensation under temperature required and pressure.

[00044] as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, fractionating tower assembly 31 can comprise one in order to the evaporation module pressure transducer 73 that detects evaporation module pressure, one in order to the evaporation module temperature transducer 75 that detects evaporation module temperature, one in order to the condensation module pressure transducer 77 that detects condensation module fuel pressure and one in order to detect the condensation module temperature transducer 79 of condensation module fuel temperature.Fractionating tower assembly 31 also can comprise a density sensor 81 in order to judge light fraction fuel density or/with proportion, thereby the light fraction fuel volume characteristic from the fuel of light fraction fuel delivery outlet 53 outputs is judged.Correspondingly, according to this kind embodiment of the present invention, controller 71 pairs of evaporations module fuel pressure and evaporation module fuel temperature are comparatively responsive, thus the energy use amount of control evaporation module 61; Controller 71 is also to condensation module fuel pressure, condensation module fuel temperature and comparatively responsive from the light fraction fuel density or the proportion of 53 outputs of light fraction fuel delivery outlet, thus the energy use amount of control condensation module 63.Controller 71 can include storage 83 and a program product 85, program product 85 stores in storage 83 and it innerly has an instruction, corresponding with above-mentioned signal input, when carrying out these instructions, controller 71 just carries out control operation to steam module and condensation module 61,63.

[00045] according to a certain embodiment of the present invention, fractionating tower 33 combines application with the heating of bottom 45 assist control with top 43 assist control, and used the filler 65 that has abundant surface area therebetween, this kind structure of fractionating tower 33 makes that at an easy rate the fuel that flows out light fraction fuel hole 53 is light fraction fuel basically on volume, such as, have six or more the hydrocarbon volume level of low number carbon is between 80-100%, and its mean boiling point is lower than 70 ℃.In a certain embodiment of the present invention, from the fuel that flow out in light fraction fuel hole 53, can contain the key component isopentane that boiling point is about 28 ℃, thereby strengthen the evaporativity in the motor inlet.

[00046] overhead condenser and gas compressor

[00047] shown in Fig. 6-8, FFS can adopt initiatively cooling and compression to be beneficial to condensation and storage are carried out in the light last runnings in the vapor stream of top of the tower of delivery outlet 53 outputs.Especially by this cooling action of overhead condenser 91 the easiest realizations, wherein overhead condenser 91 is on same the pipeline with the burning line 93 that stretches out from cold cut delivery outlet 53, and its known other element of personnel that contains thermoelectric cooling element or be proficient in technology.Light last runnings distillation case 95 is used for storing the light fraction fuel that device 91 cooled off that is condensed.This distillation case 95 can be an independent case body (see figure 6), also can be to be positioned at main box body 51 or in abutting connection with the compartment 95 ' of main box body 51 (seeing Fig. 7-8).Because light fraction or light tail fraction fuel may be gas form under relative moderate moisture, therefore gas compressor (not drawing separately) also has fluid communication with burning line 93 and distillation casing 95,95 ', in order to fuel is compressed so that be stored in the light last runnings distillation casing 95,95 '.In a certain example of the present invention, gas compressor is as the part of overhead condenser 91.In another embodiment of the present invention, an available gas compressor that can compress the fluid that contains gaseous state and liquid composition replaces overhead condenser 91.

[00048] heavy ends are handled

[00049] increase of FFS separation effect means bottom (heavy ends) fuel that generates still less from the fueling of specified rate, and the bottom fuel that generates almost separates with light last runnings component.And in OBDS and common rail fuel systems, the separation process from basic fuel to light last runnings component has certain defective, and contains considerable light last runnings in the bottom liquid.Therefore just bottom flow need be turned back to main fuel tank.In fact say, in a kind of typical structure, during the distillation of quite a lot of quantity starting fuel, whole internal substances OBDS vapour separator of flowing through for several times in the OBDS main fuel tank.Because the raising of above-mentioned fractionating tower 33 efficient, therefore make and " rerun " from any heavy ends fuel of delivery outlet 55 outputs that just meaning is very little or at all without any meaning basically through fractionating tower 33.Just because of this, as shown in Figure 7, heavy ends or heavy fraction fuel just are stored in the compartment 97 of independent heavy ends casing (not having figure) or main fuel 51.Independent case body structure or partition architecture also help to alleviate people and heat the worry that caused discharge vaporization increases for fuel in the main fuel tank 51.

[00050] after the abundant preheating of motor, it is used that heavy ends fuel just can be motor, can directly use as shown in Figure 8, also can be as shown in Figure 7 by using from the extended burning line of heavy ends casing.Heavy ends fuel should have high octane content, uses to strengthen engine power output and torque output thereby can combine in advance with ignition timing, and these will describe in detail in the back.Should be noted in the discussion above that in first kind of structure motor can rely on the heavy ends fuel running fully during normal fully warm-up operation, wherein fuel system is converted into light last runnings and heavy ends components with the whole internal substances in the main fuel tank 51 basically.In second kind of structure, can between main fuel tank fuel and heavy ends fuel, select the preheating work fuel to select by a valve (not having figure) that links to each other with main fuel tank 51.Other various choice structures that are applied to heavy ends fuel all belong within the scope of the invention.

[00051] heat recovery

[00052] FFS can use a preheater such as 101 pairs of fractionating tower fuelings of heat exchanger stream to carry out preheating and the thermogravimetric tails stream that flows out fractionating tower bottom 45 is cooled off.Heat exchanger 101 can be finished two major functions.At first, in structure as shown in Figure 6, heat exchanger 101 is transported to main fuel tank with cooler (cooled) fuel, thereby thereby helps to alleviate people to increasing the worry of discharge vaporization owing to carry hot fuel main fuel tank temperature behind the main fuel tank to raise.Secondly, in all structures, heat exchanger 101 is by to being sent to main fuel tank 51 usually or other local heat energy reclaims, thereby helps energy-conservation and be applied to fractionating tower 33.

[00053] in a certain embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 6, heat exchanger 101 is positioned on the runner of 51 of heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 and main fuel tanks, it is also on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank 51 and the fuel supply hole 49, like this from heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 flow to the heavy fraction fuel of main fuel tank 51 and the fueling that flows through from main fuel tank 51 and 33 runners of fractionating tower between heat just exchanged, thereby before heavy fraction fuel returns main fuel tank 51, it can be cooled off.This heat exchange helps to reduce the discharge vaporization relevant with the heat preheating and helps carries out preheating to the fueling that enters fractionating tower 33, thereby has reduced required evaporation energy.Can or otherwise make it pass through heat exchanger 101 by 103 pairs of fueling pressurizations of main fuel tank petrolift.Can or otherwise make it pass through heat exchanger 101 by 105 pairs of heavy fraction fuel pressurizations of heavy fraction fuel pump.

[00054] in a certain embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, heat exchanger 101 is at heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 and be used for storing on the flow channel for liquids between the heavy ends fuel case compartment 97 that fractionating tower assembly 31 generates heavy fraction fuels, it is also on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank 51 and the fuel supply hole 49, like this from heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 flow to the heavy fraction fuel of heavy ends fuel case 97 and the fueling that flows through from main fuel tank 51 and 33 runners of fractionating tower between heat just exchanged, thereby before heavy fraction fuel is sent to heavy ends fuel case 97, it can be cooled off.This heat exchange helps to reduce the discharge vaporization relevant with fuel preheating and helps the fueling that enters fractionating tower 33 is carried out preheating, thereby has reduced required evaporation energy.

[00055] in another embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 8, heat exchanger 101 is on the flow channel for liquids between heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 and the motor inlet, it is also on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank 51 and the fuel supply hole 49, heat between the fueling that flows through from the heavy fraction fuel of heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 flow direction engines inlets and from main fuel tank 51 and 33 runners of fractionating tower is just exchanged like this, thereby the fueling that enters fractionating tower 33 is carried out preheating, and thereby reduced the evaporation energy demand.

[00056] fuel applications

[00057] can be clear that from Fig. 9, in a certain embodiment of the present invention, fuel system can comprise a special fuel nozzle 111 in order to the light fraction fuel spray in motor inlet 113, special fuel nozzle 111 be in light last runnings distillation casing 95,95 ' and enter the mouth 113 light fraction fuel line 115 of motor fuel have liquid communication.On behalf of the optimum of secondary light tail fraction fuel, this structure use, but owing to contain an additional fuel nozzle 111, it is higher therefore to compare main nozzle 121 costs.

Can be clear that from Figure 10 that [00058] in another embodiment of the present invention, fuel system can comprise a common fuel spray assembly or fuel nozzle 121.In this kind structure, be used for the primary fuel spray is between fuel nozzle 121 and the main fuel tank 51 to the primary fuel line 123 in the motor inlet 113, perhaps stretch from 122 continuities of fueling pipeline, wherein fueling pipeline 122 is between the fuel supply hole 49 of main fuel tank 51 and fractionating tower 33.Heavy fraction fuel line 125 is in (see figure 6) between heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 and the interior main fuel tank return aperture 127 of main fuel tank, also can be in (see figure 7) between heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 and the heavy distillate special fuel case compartment 97, can also be on heavy distillate delivery outlet 55 and the primary fuel line (see figure 8) between the offtake 129.Fuel system also comprise one be in light last runnings distillation case 95,95 ' with fuel nozzle 121 between light fraction fuel line 131, wherein fuel nozzle 121 is used for a light fraction fuel spray and enters the mouth in 113 to motor.

[00059] fuel type selector valve 141 has fluid communication with light fraction fuel line 131, primary fuel line 123 and fuel nozzle 121.Fuel type selector valve 141 includes known mechanical switch of the personnel that are proficient in technology or solid-state switch, thus according to the command signal of engine controller 143 select between light fraction fuel line 131 and the primary fuel line 123 so that fuel and shared fuel nozzle 121 to being communicated with.That is to say, motor 143 can comprise one with from the engine start or the corresponding microprocessor of engine misses order of user's starting/stop button 145 ignition keys etc. or be proficient in known other logic component of personnel of technology, thereby command signal is delivered to fuel type selector valve 141 so that select between light fraction fuel line 131 and primary fuel line 123.When startup and pre-thermal condition, select light fraction fuel line 131 to supply light fraction fuel, and when the normal heating engine operating condition, select primary fuel line 123 to supply primary fuel.

[00060] in a certain embodiment of the present invention, engine controller 143 includes storage 145 and program product 147, program product 147 stores has instruction in storage 143 and in it, when carrying out these instructions, controller 143 will select secondary light fraction burning line 131 to come the fueling at purge fuel nozzle 121 places corresponding to flame-out order.And the fueling to burning line place between fuel nozzle and the fuel type selector valve 141 cleans.In shared fuel injector 121 structures, help to make light fraction fuel when start-up operation next time, to obtain maximum application like this.

[00061] according to a certain embodiment of the present invention, after accepting the flame-out order of user and carrying out cleaning operation, engine controller 143 can make engine running 1-2 second so that will remain in the fuel nozzle and any primary fuel that valve 145 and 121 burning lines of fuel nozzle are interior burns.According to another embodiment of the present invention, after accepting the flame-out order of user and carrying out cleaning operation, engine controller 143 can order valve 141 to select secondary light fraction burning line 131, make motor utilize secondary light fraction fuels run 1-2 second, thus make motor before flame-out, will remain in the fuel nozzle and valve 141 and 121 burning lines of fuel nozzle in any primary fuel burn.Should be noted in the discussion above that and use the new pushbutton ignition start/shutdown systems of introducing efficiently to finish these work and improve user's acceptance.Certainly, the key-type ignition system is also compatible.

[00062] engine performance

[00063] in most of modern motors, the engine controller that is used for controlling motor comprises microprocessor or is proficient in known other solid-state device of personnel of technology.Engine controller generally comprises storage and program or firmware, and program or firmware store in storage and contain instruction to carry out various engine management operations.This motor also comprises an engine ignition assembly and an engine exhaust assembly usually, and the engine ignition assembly has variable ignition timing, and the engine exhaust assembly has the exhaust catalyst such as the catalytic converter of minimum threshold operating temperature.

[00064] can be clear that from Figure 10 and Figure 11, according to a certain embodiment of the present invention, interconnective engine controller 143 or escape engine controller (not having figure) include instruction, starting or carrying out these instructions during warm-up operation and arrive the secondary light fraction fuel of motor inlet 113 to select to treat spray, secondary light fraction fuel is corresponding with selecting, and regularly increases the delivery temperature that enters exhaust catalyst (as catalytic converter) 151 thereby these instructions can postpone engine ignition.The secondary light fraction constituent mass of secondary light fraction fuel can make ignition timing 153 postpone among a certain embodiment of the present invention, thereby strengthens the catalysis preheating, does not have the consideration of this respect in OBDS or other conventional system.Also can comprise in the instruction to give an order: when the normal engine warm-up operation, be used for selecting treating that spray arrives the primary fuels in the motor inlet 113; The primary fuel that contains heavy fraction fuel with selection is corresponding, thereby makes ignition timing increase engine torque in advance.When elementary fuel all was the made heavy fraction fuel of the embodiment of the invention, the electronic spark advance of being carried out was that OBDS or other conventional system are not considered.

[00065] the various embodiments of FFS system have solved inherent problem in a large amount of OBDS and other the previous design.Such as FFS provides and has separated heavy distillate and light-fraction components are more effective, thereby the starting fluid speed of production is faster, and power demand is lower.Simultaneously, FFS has also carried out waste heat recovery from heavy fraction fuel stream.OBDS turns back to main fuel tank with heat bottom a fluid stream usually, fuel temperature and hydrocarbon discharge vaporization have been increased, FFS embodiment has then solved this problem by the following method: reclaim heat energy in order to the fueling that enters is carried out preheating from a fluid stream of bottom, thereby required consumed power is littler.In addition, FFS does not rely on the discarded heat energy of motor (cooler, exhaust etc.) to drive the distillation process.Therefore, need before can operating, not heat FFS motor.Also have, in view of the distillation efficiency of FFS, relative OBDS and common rail fuel systems, the overall power consumption of FFS is lower, such as, because the efficient enhancing, thereby required fuel flow rate is lower.

[00066] in accompanying drawing and specification, set forth the typical preferred embodiment of the present invention, though used technical term, just, therefore do not make qualification with generalization and visualization use, the scope of the invention is as described in the following claim book.FFS embodiment may be useful equally to homogeneity electric charge compression-ignition engine (HCCI) and diesel engine.In addition, embodiment may need a separated type fuel tank (main fuel tank/heavy fraction fuel case/light fraction fuel case or main fuel tank/light fraction fuel case) among the present invention, because, compare OBDS or common rail fuel systems, starting fluid accumulates in the light last runnings more, and needs pressurization and stored frozen.Also have, when motor consumption high volatile volatile starting fuel (distillation) is secondary light tail fraction fuel or low volatility high-octane rating heavy ends fuel, need proofread and correct again so that compensate engine controller fuel supply rules according to the momentary load condition.

Claims (31)

1. fuel system is used to have the motor of fuel inlet, and it includes main fuel tank (51) in order to motor supply primary fuel, and this system has following feature:

Fractionating tower assembly (31), it includes fractionating tower (33) in order to the liquid fuel distillation is volatile light fraction secondary fuel, and fractionating tower (33) comprising:

Shell (44), it has upper end portion (43), underpart (45) and is between the two intermediate portion (47),

Fuel supply hole (49), it runs through the intermediate portion (47) of shell (41) and is used for receiving fueling from main fuel tank (51) for distillation, and fueling comprises light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components,

Light fraction delivery outlet (53), it runs through the upper end portion (43) of shell (41) and in order to the light fraction fuel component after the output distillation,

Heavy distillate delivery outlet (55), its run through shell (41) underpart (45) and in order to output heavy fraction fuel components,

Evaporation module (61), it is positioned near shell (41) underpart (45), with so that part fueling evaporation at least, is separated into light fraction fuel component and heavy fraction fuel components thereby fueling strengthened,

Condensation module (63), it is positioned near the upper end portion (43) of shell (41), in order to heavy fraction fuel components is carried out condensation, thereby makes that from the fuel of light fraction delivery outlet (53) output be the light fraction fuel component basically on volume,

Packed tower (65), it comprises three-dimensional porous Heat Conduction Material tower body, is positioned between shell (41) evaporation module (61) and the condensation module (63) to strengthen distillation of fuel;

Controller (71), it evaporates fueling by evaporation module (61) controls, thereby the separation process that supplies the fuel to light fraction fuel component and heavy fraction fuel components is controlled; It is controlled the heavy fraction fuel components condense by condensation module (63), thereby makes that from the fuel of light fraction delivery outlet (53) output be the light fraction fuel component basically on volume.

2. according to the described system of claim 1, the hydrocarbon of 80-100% is arranged approximately from the fuel of light fraction fuel delivery outlet (53) output wherein, carbon number is six or lower in the hydrocarbon, and its mean boiling point is lower than 70 ℃.

3. according to the described system of claim 1, fractionating tower (33) also has following feature:

Evaporation module pressure transducer (73) is in order to detect evaporation module fuel pressure;

Evaporation module temperature transducer (75) is in order to detect evaporation module fuel temperature;

Condensation module pressure transducer (77) is in order to detect condensation module fuel pressure;

Condensation module temperature transducer (79) is in order to detect condensation module temperature.

4. according to the described system of claim 3,

Wherein, controller (71) is controlled the amount that will be applied to evaporate the energy on the module (61) according to evaporation module fuel pressure and evaporation module fuel temperature;

Wherein, controller (71) is controlled the amount of the energy that will extract from condensation module (63) according to condensation module fuel pressure and condensation module fuel temperature.

5. according to each described system of claim 1-4, fractionating tower (33) also has following feature: utilization condensation module density sensor (81) judges light fraction fuel density and proportion, thereby the light fraction fuel volume quality of the fuel exported from light fraction delivery outlet (53) is decision making.

6. according to the described system of claim 5,

Wherein, controller (71) is controlled the amount that will be applied to evaporate the energy on the module (61) according to evaporation module fuel pressure and evaporation module fuel temperature;

Wherein, controller (71) is according to condensation module fuel pressure, condensation module fuel temperature and the amount of controlling the energy that will extract from condensation module (63) from the light fraction fuel density of light fraction delivery outlet (53) output or proportion.

7. according to the described system of claim 1, also have following feature:

Light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') is in order to store the light fraction fuel by fractionating tower assembly (31) output;

First light fraction fuel line (93), it is between light fraction delivery outlet (53) and the light last runnings distillation case (95);

Light fraction fuel overhead condenser (91), itself and first light fraction fuel line (93) and light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') fluid communication, thus light fraction fuel enters light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') and before it is carried out condensation in first light fraction fuel line (93).

8. according to the described system of claim 7, also have following feature:

Second light fraction fuel line (115), it is between light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') and the motor fuel inlet (113);

Special fuel nozzle (111), itself and second light fraction fuel line (115) fluid communication, in order to the light fraction fuel spray in motor fuel inlet (113).

9. according to claim 7 or 8 described systems, also has following feature: light fraction fuel gas compressor (91) and first light fraction fuel line (93) and light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') fluid communication, thereby the light fraction fuel in first light fraction fuel line (93) is compressed, so that it is stored in the light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ').

10. according to claim 1-4 or each described system of 6-8, wherein motor fuel inlet (113) includes fuel nozzle (121), and this system also has following feature:

Fueling pipeline (122) is between main fuel tank (51) and fractionating tower (33) the fuel supply hole (49);

Primary fuel line (123) is between main fuel tank (51) or fuel supply pipeline (122) and the fuel nozzle (121), in the primary fuel spray is entered the mouth (113) to motor fuel;

Heavy fraction fuel line (125), be positioned between heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and main fuel tank (51) the main fuel tank return aperture (127), perhaps between heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and the heavy ends special fuel case compartment (97), or between heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and the last offtake of primary fuel line (129);

Light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') is in order to store the light fraction fuel that is produced by fractionating tower assembly (31);

First light fraction fuel line (93) is in light fraction delivery outlet (53) and distills between the case (95,95 ') with light last runnings;

Second light fraction fuel line (131) is in light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') and is used between the fuel nozzle (121) with light fraction fuel injection engine fuel inlet;

Fuel type selector valve (141), be communicated with secondary light fraction burning line (131), primary fuel line (123) and fuel nozzle (121) fluid, can select so that fuel is communicated with fuel nozzle (121) between secondary light fraction burning line (131) and the primary fuel line (123) according to command signal;

Engine controller (143), provide command signal according to engine start command or engine misses order to fuel type selector valve (144), thereby between secondary light fraction burning line (131) and primary fuel line (123), select, select secondary light fraction burning line (131) so that supply light fraction fuel when startup and warm-up operation, selection primary fuel line (123) when normal warm-up the engine is operated is so that the supply fueling.

11. according to the described system of claim 10, wherein engine controller (143) comprises storage (145) and stores program product (147) in storage (145), program product (147) contains instruction, when carrying out these instructions, controller (143) will provide signal to fuel type selector valve (141), corresponding with flame-out order, fuel type selector valve (141) will select secondary light fraction burning line (131) so that the fueling that purge fuel nozzle (121) is located, when next start-up operation, fuel type selector valve (141) will be selected the burning line between fuel nozzle (121) and the fuel type selector valve (141) and use so that make light fraction fuel obtain maximization.

12., also have following feature according to claim 1-4 or each described system of 6-8:

Heat exchanger (101), be positioned on the runner between heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and main fuel tank (51), it also is positioned on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank (51) and fuel supply hole (49), like this from heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) flow to the heavy fraction fuel of main fuel tank (51) and the fueling that flows through from runner between main fuel tank (51) and fractionating tower (33) between heat just exchanged, thereby returning main fuel tank (51) at heavy fraction fuel can cool off it before, this heat exchange helps to reduce the discharge vaporization relevant with the heat preheating and helps carries out preheating to the fueling that enters fractionating tower (33), thereby has reduced required evaporation energy;

Heat exchanger (101), be positioned at heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and be used for storing on the flow channel for liquids between the heavy ends fuel case compartment (97) that fractionating tower assembly (31) generates heavy fraction fuel, it also is positioned on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank (51) and fuel supply hole (49), like this from heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) flow to the heavy fraction fuel of heavy ends fuel case (97) and the fueling that flows through from runner between main fuel tank (51) and fractionating tower (33) between heat just exchanged, thereby being sent to heavy ends fuel case (97) at heavy fraction fuel can cool off it before, this heat exchange helps to reduce the discharge vaporization relevant with fuel preheating and helps the fueling that enters fractionating tower (33) is carried out preheating, thereby has reduced required evaporation energy;

Heat exchanger (101), be positioned on the flow channel for liquids between heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and the motor inlet, it also is positioned on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank (51) and fuel supply hole (49), heat between the fueling that flows through from the heavy fraction fuel of heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) flow direction engine inlet (113) and from runner between main fuel tank (51) and fractionating tower (33) is just exchanged like this, thereby the fueling that enters fractionating tower (33) is carried out preheating, and thereby reduced the evaporation energy demand.

13. according to claim 1-4 or each described system of 6-8, wherein motor comprises the engine ignition assembly with variable ignition timing, also comprise the discharge means that contains exhaust gas catalytic converter (153), this system also comprises following feature: engine controller (143) includes storage (145), the program product (147) that contains instruction is positioned in the storage (145), can carry out following operation according to these instructions:

When starting, select to be injected into the secondary light fraction fuel of motor fuel inlet (113) with warm-up operation;

Secondary light fraction fuel is corresponding with selecting, and makes the engine ignition constant time lag increasing the delivery temperature that enters exhaust gas catalytic converter (153), thereby strengthens the catalysis preheating;

When normal running, selection will be injected into the primary fuel of motor fuel inlet (113);

Primary fuel by after the heavy fraction fuel reinforcement is corresponding with selecting, and makes ignition timing in advance, thereby increases engine torque.

14. a fuel fractionation system is used to have the motor of fuel inlet, it has following feature:

Fractionating tower assembly (31), it includes fractionating tower (33) in order to the liquid fuel distillation is volatile light fraction secondary fuel, and fractionating tower (33) comprising:

Shell (41), it has upper end portion (43), underpart (45) and is between the two intermediate portion (47),

Fuel supply hole (49), it runs through the intermediate portion (47) of shell (41) and is used for receiving fueling from main fuel tank (51) for distillation, and fueling comprises light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components,

Light fraction delivery outlet (53), it runs through the upper end portion (43) of shell (41) and in order to the light fraction fuel component after the output distillation,

Heavy distillate delivery outlet (55), its run through shell (41) underpart (45) and in order to output heavy fraction fuel components,

Evaporation module (61), it is positioned near shell (41) underpart (45), with so that part fueling evaporation at least, thereby fueling is separated into light fraction fuel component and heavy fraction fuel components,

Condensation module (63), it is positioned near the upper end portion (43) of shell (41), in order to heavy fraction fuel components is carried out condensation, thereby makes that from the fuel of light fraction delivery outlet (53) output be the light fraction fuel component basically on volume.

15. according to the described system of claim 14,

Wherein, fractionating tower (33) also comprises packed tower (65), and packed tower (65) has three-dimensional porous Heat Conduction Material tower body, is positioned between shell (41) evaporation module (61) and the condensation module (63) to strengthen distillation of fuel;

Wherein, the hydrocarbon of 80-100% is arranged approximately from the fuel element of light fraction fuel hole (53) output, carbon number is six or lower in the hydrocarbon.

16. according to the described system of claim 15,

Wherein the boiling point of the fuel that flows out from light fraction fuel hole (53) is lower than 70 ℃, and the key component of the fuel that flows out from light fraction fuel hole (53) is an isopentane;

Wherein, this system also has following feature: controller (71), and it evaporates fueling by evaporation module (61) controls, thereby the separation process that supplies the fuel to light fraction fuel component and heavy fraction fuel components is controlled; It is controlled the heavy fraction fuel components condense by condensation module (63), thereby makes that from the fuel of light fraction delivery outlet (53) output be the light fraction fuel component basically on volume.

17. according to each described system of claim 14-16, wherein fractionating tower (33) also comprises:

Evaporation module pressure transducer (73) is in order to detect evaporation module fuel pressure;

Evaporation module temperature transducer (75) is in order to detect evaporation module fuel temperature;

Condensation module pressure transducer (77) is in order to detect condensation module fuel pressure;

Condensation module temperature transducer (79) is in order to detect condensation module temperature.

18. according to the described system of claim 17, also have following feature: controller (71) is controlled the evaporation of fueling by evaporation module (61), thereby fueling is separated into light-fraction components and heavy fraction components; And the condensation by condensation module (63) control heavy fraction fuel components, thereby the fuel that flows out from light fraction delivery outlet (53) is the light fraction fuel component basically on volume, controller (71) comprises storage (83) and program product (85), program product (85) stores in storage (83) and includes instruction, when carrying out these instructions, controller (71) can carry out following operation:

Receive expression evaporation module fuel pressure and the signal that evaporates the module fuel temperature;

Control the amount that will be applied to evaporate the energy on the module (61) according to evaporation module fuel pressure and evaporation module fuel temperature;

Accept the signal of expression condensation module fuel pressure and condensation module fuel temperature;

Control the amount of the energy that will extract from condensation module (63) according to condensation module fuel pressure and condensation module fuel temperature.

19. according to the described system of claim 17,

Wherein, fractionating tower (33) also comprises condensation module density sensor (81) in order to light fraction fuel density and proportion are judged, thereby the light fraction fuel volume quality from the fuel of light fraction delivery outlet (53) output is decision making;

Wherein, controller (71) is controlled the amount that will be applied to evaporate the energy on the module (61) according to evaporation module fuel pressure and evaporation module fuel temperature;

Wherein, controller (71) is according to condensation module fuel pressure, condensation module fuel temperature and the amount of controlling the energy that will extract from condensation module (63) from the light fraction fuel density of light fraction delivery outlet (53) output or proportion.

20., also have following feature according to each described system of claim 14-16:

Light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') is in order to store the light fraction fuel by fractionating tower assembly (31) output;

First light fraction fuel line (93), it is in light fraction delivery outlet (53) and distills between the case (95,95 ') with light last runnings;

Light fraction fuel overhead condenser (91), itself and first light fraction fuel line (93) and light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') fluid communication, thus light fraction fuel enters light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') and before it is carried out condensation in first light fraction fuel line (93).

21. according to the described system of claim 20, also has following feature: light fraction fuel gas compressor (91) and first light fraction fuel line (93) and light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') fluid communication, thereby the light fraction fuel in first light fraction fuel line is compressed, so that it is stored in the light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ').

22., also have following feature according to each described system of claim 14-16:

Light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') is in order to store the light fraction fuel by fractionating tower assembly (31) output;

Light fraction fuel line (115), it is between light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') and the motor fuel inlet (113);

Special fuel nozzle (111), itself and light fraction fuel line (115) fluid communication, in order to the light fraction fuel spray in motor fuel inlet (113).

23. according to each described system of claim 14-16, wherein motor fuel inlet (113) includes fuel nozzle (121), this system also has following feature:

Fueling pipeline (122) is between main fuel tank (51) and fractionating tower (33) the fuel supply hole (49);

Primary fuel line (123) is between main fuel tank (51) or fuel supply pipeline (122) and the fuel nozzle (121), in the primary fuel spray is entered the mouth (113) to motor fuel;

Heavy fraction fuel line (125) is positioned between heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and the heavy ends special fuel case compartment (97), perhaps on heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and the primary fuel line between the offtake (129).

24., also have following feature according to the described system of claim 23:

Light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') is in order to store the light fraction fuel by fractionating tower assembly (31) output;

First light fraction fuel line (93) is in light fraction delivery outlet (53) and distills between the case (95,95 ') with light last runnings;

Second light fraction fuel line (131) is in light last runnings distillation case (95,95 ') and is used between the fuel nozzle (121) with light fraction fuel injection engine fuel inlet (113);

Fuel type selector valve (141), be communicated with secondary light fraction burning line (131), primary fuel line (123) and fuel nozzle (121) fluid, can select so that fuel is communicated with fuel nozzle (121) between secondary light fraction burning line (131) and the primary fuel line (123) according to command signal.

25. according to the described system of claim 24, also have following feature: engine controller (143) provides command signal according to engine start command or engine misses order to fuel type selector valve (144), thereby between secondary light fraction burning line (131) and primary fuel line (123), select, select secondary light fraction burning line (131) so that supply light fraction fuel when startup and warm-up operation, selection primary fuel line (123) when normal warm-up the engine is operated is so that the supply fueling.

26. according to the described system of claim 25, wherein engine controller (143) comprises storage (145) and stores program product (147) in storage (145), program product (147) contains instruction, when carrying out these instructions, corresponding with flame-out order, engine controller (143) will select secondary light fraction burning line (131) so that the fueling that purge fuel nozzle (121) is located, when next start-up operation, engine controller (143) will be selected the burning line between fuel nozzle (121) and the fuel type selector valve (141) and use so that make light fraction fuel obtain maximization.

27. according to each described system of claim 14-16, also have following feature: heat exchanger (101) is positioned on the runner between heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and main fuel tank (51), it also is positioned on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank (51) and fuel supply hole (49), like this from heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) flow to the heavy fraction fuel of main fuel tank (51) and the fueling that flows through from runner between main fuel tank (51) and fractionating tower (33) between heat just exchanged, it can be cooled off before thereby return main fuel tank (51) at heavy fraction fuel.This heat exchange helps to reduce the discharge vaporization relevant with the heat preheating and helps carries out preheating to the fueling that enters fractionating tower (33), thereby has reduced required evaporation energy.

28., also have following feature according to each described system of claim 14-16:

Heavy ends distillation compartment (97) is in order to store the heavy fraction fuel that is produced by fractionating tower assembly (31);

Heat exchanger (101), be positioned at heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and be used for storing on the flow channel for liquids between the heavy ends fuel case compartment (97) that fractionating tower assembly (31) generates heavy fraction fuel, it also is positioned on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank (51) and fuel supply hole (49), like this from heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) flow to the heavy fraction fuel of heavy ends fuel compartment (97) and the fueling that flows through from runner between main fuel tank (51) and fractionating tower (33) between heat just exchanged, it can be cooled off before thereby be sent to heavy ends fuel compartment (97) at heavy fraction fuel.This heat exchange helps to reduce the discharge vaporization relevant with fuel preheating and helps the fueling that enters fractionating tower (33) is carried out preheating, thereby has reduced required evaporation energy.

29. according to each described system of claim 14-16, also have following feature: heat exchanger (101) is positioned on the flow channel for liquids between heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) and the motor inlet, it also is positioned on the flow channel for liquids between main fuel tank (51) and fuel supply hole (49), heat between the fueling that flows through from the heavy fraction fuel of heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) flow direction engine inlet and from runner between main fuel tank (51) and fractionating tower (33) is just exchanged like this, thereby the fueling that enters fractionating tower (33) is carried out preheating, and thereby reduced the evaporation energy demand.

30. a fuel fractionation method is characterized in that following steps:

Fractionation tower assembly (31) is provided, this fractionation tower assembly (31) comprises that being used for the liquid fuel fractionation is the fractionation tower (33) of volatile light fraction secondary fuel, fractionation tower (33) comprises light fraction delivery outlet (53) and heavy distillate delivery outlet (55), light fraction delivery outlet (53) runs through the upper end portion (43) of fractionation tower (33), be used to export the light fraction fuel after the distillation, heavy distillate delivery outlet (55) runs through the underpart (45) of fractionating tower (33), is used to export heavy fraction fuel;

Fueling is transported to fractionating tower (33), and fuel comprises light fraction fuel and heavy fraction fuel components;

Fueling at least a portion fractionation tower (33) is evaporated, supply the fuel to separating of light fraction fuel component and heavy fraction fuel components thereby strengthen;

The fuel that flows out after light fraction delivery outlet (53) is evaporated part by condensation module (63) before at the fuel after the evaporation carries out condensation, thereby heavy fraction fuel components has been carried out condensation, and fuel is the light fraction fuel component basically on volume after the evaporation of flowing out from light fraction delivery outlet (53) like this.

31., also have following feature: be included in the step of carrying out heat exchange between the fueling of sending into (33) in the fractionating tower and the heavy fraction fuel that flows out fractionating tower (33) according to the described method of claim 30.

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