CN101420354A - Multicast spreading method oriented to wide area network remote virtual environment - Google Patents

Multicast spreading method oriented to wide area network remote virtual environment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101420354A
CN101420354A CNA2008102274674A CN200810227467A CN101420354A CN 101420354 A CN101420354 A CN 101420354A CN A2008102274674 A CNA2008102274674 A CN A2008102274674A CN 200810227467 A CN200810227467 A CN 200810227467A CN 101420354 A CN101420354 A CN 101420354A
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gateway
area network
grid
multicast
wide area
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CN101420354B (en
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赵沁平
周忠
于庆
吴威
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Beihang University
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Beihang University
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Abstract

The present invention provides a multicast expansion method oriented to wide area network remote virtual environment. The method comprise steps of (1) adding a gateway to each local area network; (2) dividing the whole virtual environment into grid cells and the gateway distributing a multicast address and a grid identification number to each grid cell; (3) updating areas and ordering areas of all simulation members being mapped to form unit grid sets; (4) the gateway being in charge of maintaining the order area set of the local area network and sending the information to other gateways of the wide area network having been connected; (5) after receiving state updating information of simulation members from a multicast set, the gateway matching according to the ordering area set of a gateway to determine whether sending the state updating information to the gateway; (6) after receiving the state updating information of simulation members from other gateways of the wide area network, the gateway forwarding the information to corresponding multicast set of the local area network. According to the present invention, the system can run effectively, only occupying a small quantity of network bandwidth, and can assure the efficiency of data filtration of the greatest degree, therefore, pressure caused by extended simulation scale to the network bandwidth and processing resources is relieved.

Description

Multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment
Technical field
The invention belongs to distributed system and technical field of the computer network, specifically a kind of multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment expands to the thought of multicast the wide area network remote virtual environment from local area network (LAN).
Background technology
Distributed interactive simulation is integrated in the isomorphism of geographical distribution or the simulator of isomery in the corresponding to environment of time and space based on network technology, and realizes the interoperability between them, thereby finishes specific task.Distributed interactive simulation is significant for solving complexity, the research of integrated system, design, checking, and it provides possible for interoperability between the emulation platform of geographical distribution, makes the mode of artificial activity have greater flexibility.
Along with the development of Simulation Application on the range and the degree of depth, the distributed interactive simulation on the wide area network is a future development trend.DIS is by local area network (LAN) or wide area network is interconnected forms by many emulation node computers that are dispersed in different geographic regions, have that emulation node number is big, Internet resources are limited and characteristics such as the interaction data amount is big and frequent, so its extensibility that technical problem underlying is a system scale that faces.
System scale mainly is subjected to the restriction of system resource, mainly comprises processor resource and network bandwidth resources.Wherein the processor resource is mainly used in the network processes expense of artificial physical Model Calculation, emulated data transmitting-receiving and necessary administration overhead (filtering expense etc. as data).Increase along with distributed interactive simulation scale (entity and emulation node computer number) must strengthen amount of information exchange between emulation platform.Too much network data amount can cause network congestion, influences the data delay characteristic, and for existing processor platform, is subjected to the influence of factors such as operating system, and the network processes expense is relatively large, can influence normal simulation run to the processing of a large amount of network datas.
Multicasting technology is a kind of method of effective minimizing redundant data, and the application aspect the data filter of Simulation Application is quite successful in local area network (LAN).But the set of applications broadcast mode carries out data filter and but exists many problems on wide area network, mainly comprise the support of autgmentability, network management, enforcement and higher layer applications, in the IP multicast, all routers between sender and recipient, hub, switch, ICP/IP protocol stack, fire compartment wall etc., all need to support multicast, the requirement on this equipment is to be difficult to realize; And multicast group is a scarce resource, and the multicast group quantity that various network device can be supported is very limited, and the foundation of multicast group and the cost that reconfigures are quite big.
In a word, in the Distributed Simulation environment on wide area network, how to design effective multicast spreading method, both can make the system high efficiency operation, can take a spot of network bandwidth again, can also guarantee data filtrating efficiency to the full extent, thereby directly influence the correctness and the scale of whole distributed system, be one of the emphasis that faced of computer distributed system field, difficult point problem.At present, there is no this relevant report in the domestic and foreign literature.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the present invention is dealt with problems: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment is provided, this both can make the system high efficiency operation, can take a spot of network bandwidth again, can also guarantee data filtrating efficiency to the full extent, reach alleviation enlarges the pressure that the network bandwidth and processing resource are brought because of simulation scale purpose.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is: towards the multicast spreading method of wide area network remote virtual environment, step is as follows:
(1) gateway of the adding in each local area network (LAN) passes through the gateway mutual communication between each local area network (LAN);
(2) whole virtual environment is divided into a plurality of unit grids in advance, the described gateway of step (1) distributes a multicast address and a grid identification number ID for each unit grid, and the corresponding relation of preservation multicast address and grid ID, this gateway also will add all multicast group of own place local area network (LAN) simultaneously;
(3) with the renewal of all simulated members in virtual environment zone with order the set that the zone all is mapped as the described unit grid of step (2);
(4) the described gateway of step (1) is responsible for safeguarding the order regional ensemble of this local area network (LAN), and this information is issued other gateways on the wide area network that has connected, receive order regional ensemble gateway with this maintenance of information in a list of gateways;
(5) after gateway is received the state updating information of simulated members in described certain multicast group of step (2), to mate according to the order regional ensemble of each gateway of being preserved in the list of gateways described in the step (4), if the unit grid of this multicast group correspondence is in the order regional ensemble of certain gateway, then this state updating information is sent to this gateway, if in the order regional ensemble of this gateway, then this state updating information is not sent to this gateway;
(6) this gateway in the step (5) receives after other gateways are sent the state updating information of simulated members on the wide area network, this information can be forwarded to the corresponding multicast group of this local area network (LAN).
Gateway in the described step (1) is identical with the communication interface between the Simulation Application, and the Simulation Application node does not need to change because of the adding of gateway.
All gateways in the described step (1) all are the communication modes that adopt equity, and they connect the emulated data that exchanges in the local area network (LAN) separately by TCP.
Unit grid in described in the step (2) is ready-portioned before emulation begins, and is static data, does not all change in process of simulation.
In the described step (3) with the renewal of all simulated members in virtual environment zone with order the method that the zone all is mapped as the set of the described unit grid of step (2) and be: if some belongs to certain and upgrades the zone or order the zone in certain grid, just this grid is joined this renewals zone or orders during the corresponding grid in zone gathers.
Gateway is responsible for safeguarding that the method for the order regional ensemble of this local area network (LAN) is in the described step (4):
(4.1) gateway need safeguard that is ordered member's set for each unit grid of own place local area network (LAN), if certain unit grid belongs to the set of the order area relative unit grid of a simulated members, then this simulated members is joined in order member's set of this unit grid;
(4.2) order of gateway place local area network (LAN) zone is exactly to order member's set in (4.1) not to be the set of empty unit grid.
State information described in the described step (5) is one two tuple, promptly<grid ID, data message 〉, wherein ID is the grid sign, data message is the state updating information of the simulated members of forwarding.
The method that is forwarded to the corresponding multicast group of local exchange territory net in the described step (6) is:
(6.1) after the purpose gateway received that other gateways are sent state information on the wide area network, gateway obtained the multicast address of this grid ID correspondence according to the grid ID that oneself preserves and the corresponding relation of multicast address;
(6.2) the purpose gateway is forwarded to the state updating information of simulated members in (6.1) described multicast address.
The present invention is with the beneficial effect that existing technical method is compared:
(1) emphasis of the present invention has been considered the feasibility and the autgmentability of system, adopt the multicast spreading method of this wide area network remote virtual environment based on gateway, utilize the thought of multicast, filter uncorrelated data, can when alleviating the pressure that the network bandwidth and processing resource is brought because of simulation scale expansion, reduce requirement again to the network equipment.
(2) gateway adopts the connected mode of equity, each gateway has been represented the artificial intelligence of own place local area network (LAN), between these gateways and the reliable TCP that adopts connect the interactive simulation data, can effectively avoid on wide area network, being provided with the single-point bottleneck problem that central server brings.
(3) gateway is responsible for collecting and handling the ordering information of this local area network (LAN), each simulation node needn't send extra data, concerning simulation node, gateway has been represented artificial intelligence on the wide area network, equipment on the wide area network is transparent to simulation node, thereby has reduced the overhead that adopts the present invention that simulation node is brought.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the virtual emulation environment architecture figure that the present invention is based on gateway;
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is multicast group of the present invention and area schematic;
Fig. 4 is a gateway data forwarding flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a gateway Data Receiving flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a transfer of data schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
The thought that the present invention adopts the communication modes that point mode is mixed use with the IP multicast based on the remote virtual environment construction method of gateway and binding site to reach utilization " multicast " on wide area network is filtered, reduce the goal of the invention of volume of transmitted data on the network, be beneficial to the maintenance and expansion of system, be applicable to large-scale distributed system.
1, structure is based on the remote virtual environment of gateway
Gateway of adding in each local area network (LAN) of virtual environment passes through the gateway mutual communication between each local area network (LAN).As shown in Figure 1, Simulation Application node in the local area network (LAN) all will by the gateway of this local area network (LAN) finish with wide area network on the data communication of Simulation Application node, angle from the Simulation Application node, gateway in the local area network (LAN) has just replaced all the Simulation Application information in the wide area network, and the network condition on the wide area network and the deployment of Simulation Application are transparent for the Simulation Application node in the local area network (LAN).
Adopt point-to-point mode to carry out communication on the wide area network between the gateway, each gateway has been represented the artificial intelligence of own place local area network (LAN), and adopt reliable TCP to connect the interactive simulation data between these gateways, can effectively avoid on wide area network, being provided with the single-point bottleneck problem that central server brings.And adopt the IP multicast mode to carry out communication between the gateway of the Simulation Application node in the same local area network (LAN) and this local area network (LAN).Gateway is identical with communication interface between the Simulation Application, and the Simulation Application node does not need to change because of the adding of gateway.
Remote virtual environment based on gateway is the basis of realizing towards the multicast spreading method of wide area network remote virtual environment, gateway becomes the entity of the point-to-point mode of intelligence transmission between wide area network, and can guarantee the multicast communication mode in the local area network (LAN), each local area network (LAN) can also multiplexing same multicast address and do not interfere with each other simultaneously.
2, unit grid is divided
In the data filtering method based on the zone, adopt the notion of path spacing (Routing SpaCe) usually.Path spacing is an abstract multidimensional coordinate system, and simulated members uses this coordinate system to describe the type and the condition of the data that can send and wish to receive.The subclass of path spacing is called zone (Region), and the member states the data that it will send by upgrading zone (Update Region), states the data that it will receive by ordering zone (SubsCripetion Region).By upgrading the zone and ordering regional coupling and calculate, set up corresponding relation between data receiver and the recipient, and by this generation and the route that concerns guide data.
This method efficient when simulation scale is smaller is higher, when simulation scale is bigger, if having changed, member upgrades the zone, need to find out all and the regional crossing subscriber of this renewals so, and whether recomputate and intersect, the cost that is spent is insupportable.
The present invention adopts a kind of simple relatively matching scheme, can be under situation about guaranteeing at large scale emulation, and the cost of coupling can be too not high.At first virtual environment is divided into the unit grid of fixed size, gateway is that each unit grid in the local area network (LAN) distributes multicast address and a grid identification number ID, and preserves its corresponding relation, and virtual environment is divided into 25 unit grids as shown in Figure 3, and gateway is C 11Unit grid distributes multicast address A 11, be C 23Unit grid distributes multicast address A 23So, multicast group that each unit grid is just corresponding.Gateway adds all multicast group, is used for obtaining the state updating information of simulated members.The division of the unit grid in each local area network (LAN), distribution was just finished in the distribution of multicast address, and the grid cell preserved of gateway and the corresponding relation of multicast address all belong to static data before emulation begins.
3, Qu Yu mapping
The renewal zone of all simulated members in the virtual environment and order zone all are mapped as the set of unit grid, mapping method is: if some belongs to certain renewal zone or orders the zone in certain grid, just this grid is joined in the grid set that this renewal is regional or the order zone is corresponding.
Path spacing with two dimension is that the present invention is further illustrated for example as shown in Figure 3: suppose certain time point an analogue system, the distribution situation in the dividing condition of grid cell and the renewal of simulated members, order zone as shown in Figure 2.U wherein F1, U F3The renewal zone of expression simulated members f1 and f3, S F1, S F2, S F3, S F4Represent simulated members f respectively 1, f 2, f 3, f 4The order zone, the zone correspondence be identified at the zone the upper left corner; C 11, C 12... C 55The expression unit grid, the correspondence sign of grid is positioned at the center of each grid.
The situation that each zone is mapped to the grid cell set is:
U f1={C 21,C 22,C 23,C 24,C 31,C 32,C 33,C 34}
U f3={C 34,C 35,C 44,C 45}
S f1={C 13,C 14,C 23,C 24}
S f2={C 14,C 15,C 24,C 25}
S f3={C 34,C 35,C 44,C 45}
S f4={C 32,C 33,C 34,C 42,C 43,C 44}
Each simulated members need add the order area relative multicast group of oneself, need be incorporated as unit grid S as simulated members f1 F1={ C 13, C 14, C 23, C 24Pairing multicast group, simulated members f2 need be incorporated as unit grid S F2={ C 14, C 15, C 24, C 25Pairing multicast group.Each simulated members is issued its more new data by upgrading the area relative multicast group, obtains its ordered information by ordering the area relative multicast group.
4, the order zone of local area network (LAN)
Gateway need safeguard that is ordered member's set for each unit grid of own place local area network (LAN), if certain unit grid belongs to the set of the order area relative unit grid of a simulated members, then this simulated members is joined in order member's set of this unit grid;
The order zone of gateway place local area network (LAN) is exactly to order member set not to be the set of empty unit grid.Constantly, the order member of each grid correspondence gathers as follows in the simulated environment as shown in Figure 3:
C 11={}
C 12={}
C 13={f1}
C 14={f1,f2}
C 15={f2}
C 33={f4}
C 34={f3,f4}
C 55={}
The order zone of gateway is exactly to order the member not to be the set of empty unit grid: U G={ C 13, C 14, C 15, C 23, C 24, C 25, C 32, C 33, C 34, C 35, C 42, C 43, C 44, C 45.The order zone of while gateway also equals interior all members of its place local area network (LAN) and orders the union in zone, promptly is U in Fig. 2 G=S F1∪ S F2∪ S F3∪ S F4
Unit grid is static for gateway, be ready-portioned in advance before emulation, it is to be relatively easy to that order member by unit grid gathers the order zone that obtains gateway, and the order zone of gateway is exactly to order the member not to be the set of empty unit grid.And if obtain the order zone of gateway by the union in the order zone of all simulated members in the local area network (LAN) of gateway place, the consumption rate of calculating is bigger.
When a simulated members enlarges its order zone or increases the order zone of a simulated members newly in the local area network (LAN), gateway directly increases this simulated members in order member's set of the unit grid of correspondence, if the order member of grid cell set was empty originally, then upgrades this grid cell and join in the gateway order zone.For example among Fig. 3, simulated members f1 enlarges its order region S F1={ C 12, C 13, C 14, C 22, C 23, C 24, gateway is at C 12And C 22Increase simulated members f1 in the order set of grid cell correspondence, because C 12And C 22Order member's set of grid cell was empty originally, so increase these two grid cells in the order zone of gateway, obtained U G={ C 12, C 13, C 14, C 15, C 22, C 23, C 24, C 25, C 32, C 33, C 34, C 35, C 42, C 43, C 44, C 45.
The order zone or simulated members when logging off of dwindling it when simulated members in the local area network (LAN), gateway need be from order member's set of the grid cell of correspondence this simulated members of deletion, if the order member of grid cell set becomes sky, then more new gateway is ordered the zone, with this grid cell deletion.For example among Fig. 3, simulated members f2 logs off, its order region S F2={ C 14, C 15, C 24, C 25, gateway will be at C 14, C 15, C 24, C 25Deletion simulated members f2, wherein C in the pairing order member set 15And C 25Order member's set of unit grid correspondence becomes sky, so delete these two grid cells in the order zone of gateway, obtains U G={ C 12, C 13, C 14, C 22, C 23, C 24, C 32, C 33, C 34, C 35, C 42, C 43, C 44, C 45.
5, transfer of data between gateway
In framework, be the connected mode that adopts equity between each gateway, and their adopt to connect reliably and send data based on the remote virtual environment of gateway.The transfer process figure of data as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 between gateway.
Fig. 4 is a gateway data forwarding flow chart of the present invention, after gateway is received the state updating information of simulated members in certain multicast group, to mate according to the order zone of each gateway of being preserved in the list of gateways of being preserved, if the unit grid of this multicast group correspondence is in the order zone of certain gateway, then this state updating information is sent to this gateway, do not filter this information; If in the order zone of gateway, then do not filter this information.
The purpose gateway that source gateway obtains after the match is successful sends two a tuples<grid ID, data message 〉, wherein grid ID is the unit grid sign of the source gateway multicast group correspondence of receiving this information, and data message is the state updating information of the simulated members transmitted.
Fig. 5 is a gateway Data Receiving flow chart of the present invention, receives that other gateways are sent two tuples<grid ID, data message on the wide area network〉after, gateway finds the multicast address of this grid ID correspondence according to the grid ID that oneself preserves and the corresponding relation of multicast address.Gateway is from two tuples<grid ID, data message〉in restore the state updating information of simulated members after, be forwarded to again in the corresponding multicast address, finish the multicast transmission on the wide area network.
Describe in detail with an analogue system as shown in Figure 6 below, have 4 local area network (LAN)s and finish simulation work jointly, the order zone of each gateway is a dash area.When the order zone of gateway 1 changes, when perhaps connecting success with new gateway, all can be with own up-to-date order zone U G1Information sends to associated gateway, has also received from gateway 2,3 that the information in 4 up-to-date order zone in the list of gateways of gateway 1, will be preserved their order area information U for each gateway that has connected simultaneously G2, U G3, U G4
When gateway 1 is received Data Update information from certain multicast group, as from grid cell C 32The information of corresponding multicast group is at first inquired about the order area information of each gateway in the list of gateways, finds grid cell C 32In the order zone of gateway 2 and gateway 4, and not in the order zone of gateway 3.So this information belongs to redundant information for the local area network (LAN) at gateway 3 places, belong to effective information for the local area network (LAN) at gateway 2 and gateway 4 places.Gateway 1 will send two a tuples<C 42, data message〉and send to gateway 2 and gateway 4, gateway 2 and gateway 4 are at first searched the grid cell of oneself and the mapping table of multicast address after having received this two tuple, find in the local area network (LAN) of own place grid cell C 42Pairing multicast address is A 42, again the data message in two tuples is sent in this multicast group, thereby finishes the multicast transmission of data in wide area network.

Claims (8)

1,, it is characterized in that step is as follows towards the multicast spreading method of wide area network remote virtual environment:
(1) gateway of the adding in each local area network (LAN) passes through the gateway mutual communication between each local area network (LAN);
(2) whole virtual environment is divided into a plurality of unit grids in advance, the described gateway of step (1) distributes a multicast address and a grid identification number ID for each unit grid, and the corresponding relation of preservation multicast address and grid ID, this gateway also will add all multicast group of own place local area network (LAN) simultaneously;
(3) with the renewal of all simulated members in virtual environment zone with order the set that the zone all is mapped as the described unit grid of step (2);
(4) the described gateway of step (1) is responsible for safeguarding the order regional ensemble of this local area network (LAN), and this information is issued other gateways on the wide area network that has connected, receive order regional ensemble gateway with this maintenance of information in a list of gateways;
(5) after gateway is received the state updating information of simulated members in described certain multicast group of step (2), to mate according to the order regional ensemble of each gateway of being preserved in the list of gateways described in the step (4), if the unit grid of this multicast group correspondence is in the order regional ensemble of certain gateway, then this state updating information is sent to this gateway, if in the order regional ensemble of this gateway, then this state updating information is not sent to this gateway;
(6) this gateway in the step (5) receives after other gateways are sent the state updating information of simulated members on the wide area network, this information can be forwarded to the corresponding multicast group of this local area network (LAN).
2, the multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gateway in the described step (1) is identical with the communication interface between the Simulation Application, and the Simulation Application node does not need to change because of the adding of gateway.
3, the multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: all gateways in the described step (1) all are the communication modes that adopt equity, and they connect the emulated data that exchanges in the local area network (LAN) separately by TCP.
4, the multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the unit grid in described in the step (2) is ready-portioned before emulation begins, be static data, in process of simulation, all do not change.
5, the multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step (3) with the renewal of all simulated members in virtual environment zone with order the method that the zone all is mapped as the set of the described unit grid of step (2) and be: if some belongs to certain and upgrades the zone or order the zone in certain grid, just this grid is joined this renewals zone or orders during the corresponding grid in zone gathers.
6, the multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: gateway is responsible for safeguarding that the method for the order regional ensemble of this local area network (LAN) is in the described step (4):
(4.1) gateway need safeguard that is ordered member's set for each unit grid of own place local area network (LAN), if certain unit grid belongs to the set of the order area relative unit grid of a simulated members, then this simulated members is joined in order member's set of this unit grid;
(4.2) order of gateway place local area network (LAN) zone is exactly to order member's set in (4.1) not to be the set of empty unit grid.
7, the multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the state information described in the described step (5) is one two tuple, promptly<grid ID, data message 〉, wherein ID is the grid sign, and data message is the state updating information of the simulated members of forwarding.
8, the multicast spreading method towards wide area network remote virtual environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method that is forwarded to the corresponding multicast group of local exchange territory net in the described step (6) is:
(6.1) after the purpose gateway received that other gateways are sent state information on the wide area network, gateway obtained the multicast address of this grid ID correspondence according to the grid ID that oneself preserves and the corresponding relation of multicast address;
(6.2) the purpose gateway is forwarded to the state updating information of simulated members in (6.1) described multicast address.
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