CN101418253B - Grease distillation tower - Google Patents
Grease distillation tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN101418253B CN101418253B CN2008101363986A CN200810136398A CN101418253B CN 101418253 B CN101418253 B CN 101418253B CN 2008101363986 A CN2008101363986 A CN 2008101363986A CN 200810136398 A CN200810136398 A CN 200810136398A CN 101418253 B CN101418253 B CN 101418253B
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- esterification reaction
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for deacidifying and deodorizing grease. The method is as follows: the grease is subjected to steam distillation at a temperature of between 240 and 260 DEG C under the condition of vacuum, volatile substances in the grease enter a gas phase and then are removed, in particular, before the steam distillation, glycerin and superheated steam are introduced into the grease, free fatty acid in the grease is subjected to esterification reaction in the presence of the superheated steam and converted into grease, wherein the molar ratio of the introduced glycerin to the free fatty acid in the grease is between 0.9 to 1 and1.0 to 1. The invention also relates to a grease distillation tower which is increased with an esterification reaction section on the basis of the prior grease distillation tower. The grease distillation tower is not only suitable for deacidifying and deodorizing the grease with low acid value, but also has excellent deacidifying and deodorizing effects for the grease with high acid value. Esterifying, deacidifying and deodorizing are combined in the same equipment, so as to ensure required conditions for the esterification reaction of the grease, simplify operation, reduce auxiliary facilities, simplify process flow of the device, and reduce cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fats and Oils Refining Technology field, particularly relate to a kind of greasy depickling, deodour method and device that this method adopted, i.e. deodorization tower or distillation tower.
Background technology
Grease is by three molecules of fatty acids and the compound that the glycerol molecule condensation forms, and is called fatty acid triglyceride.Natural fats and oils is the blended fatty acid triglyceride, except that fatty acid triglyceride, also have a spot of oil-soluble substance to be dissolved in grease and water-soluble substances becomes colloidal state to be present in the grease, wherein, oil-soluble substance is mainly phosphatide, free lipid acid, pigment and VITAMIN etc., the lipid acid chemical combination attitude or free state has saturated as lauric acid, Palmiticacid, stearic acid etc.; Have undersaturated as oleic acid, linolic acid, linolenic acid etc.Pure grease is a colorless and odorless, but industrial grease but has certain color and luster, peculiar smell and impurity.Wherein, peculiar smell be formed with two kinds of situations, one is stink.Because the chlorophyll in the air in metallics such as the oxygenizement of oxygen and iron, copper, manganese, zinc and the accompaniment, the less water that the katalysis of carotenoid and grease contain itself, impel the fatty acid corruption, produce lower fatty acid, things such as alcohol acid, aldehyde, ketone, and corruption such as protein, caused stink.Therefore, as the preparation edible oil, just need carry out refining according to the needs of greasy application to natural fats and oils.
Method of refining commonly used is the physical refining method, also claim the distillation depickling, system is according to the characteristics of tri-glyceride and free fatty acids (under vacuum condition) volatility significant difference, (240～260 ℃) carry out the principle of steam distillation under high vacuum (below residual voltage 600 handkerchiefs) and comparatively high temps, reach the purpose that removes dissociate in the oil lipid acid and other volatile matter.In the distillation depickling, also be attended by the net effect of precipitation (for leaching oil), deodorization, detoxification (toxic substances such as the organochlorine in the Rice pollard oil and some ring-type hydrocarbon polymers) and part decolouring.
In the prior art, the distillation tower or the deodorization tower that are used for deacid-deodoring mostly are tray column, tradition deodorization tower to the acid value requirement of crude oil is≤7mgKOH/g, greasy processing feels gruelling and to high acid value, steam consumption is big, and deacidification effect is also bad, and refining yield is also low, the refining consumption is big, and the high acid value grease that acid value is reached 30mgKOH/g is at a complete loss as to what to do especially.In fact, the greasy acid value of rice bran wet goods is used traditional deodorization tower basically than higher, and the deacid-deodoring effect is undesirable, and finished product acid value of lipids height makes product index not up to standard, and the refining consumption is big, and client's economic benefit is descended.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of greasy depickling, deodour method to be provided, and deacid-deodoring is effective, and can significantly reduce grease refining consumption, improves refining yield.
The present invention also will provide a kind of depickling, deodorization device, and refining yield height, refining consume low.
For solving above technical problem, a kind of technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of greasy depickling, deodour method, make grease under 240 ℃～260 ℃ of vacuum condition and temperature, carry out steam distillation, make volatile substances in the grease enter gas phase and be removed, particularly, before carrying out steam distillation, in grease, feed glycerine and superheated vapour, make free fatty acids in the grease that esterification take place in the presence of superheated vapour and be converted into grease, wherein, the mol ratio of free lipid acid is 0.9～1.0: 1 in the glycerine of feeding and the grease.
Unlike the prior art, the present invention is before carrying out the wet distillation extraction, earlier grease is mixed with glycerine, free fatty acids in the grease will be converted into grease with glycerine generation esterification in the presence of superheated vapour, the effect that this dependence esterification is removed lipid acid is better than simple Srteam Stripping effect; Simultaneously, add an amount of glycerine according to greasy acid value, the glycerine reaction of adding is complete, and can not remain in the grease.In addition, this method is simple to operate, only needs to increase esterification reaction section and get final product in existing grease distillation tower.Therefore, the inventive method deacid-deodoring is effective, and especially to the grease of high acid value, refining yield height, refining consume low.
The another kind of technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of grease distillation tower, cat head has vacuum and takes over, body of the tower is followed successively by grease range of distribution, stripping distillation zone and the grease interception area with distribution apparatus from top to bottom, top of tower is provided with the grease mouth-piece that feeds in the described grease range of distribution, particularly, the exit of described grease mouth-piece is provided with esterification reaction section, also is connected with the superheated vapour adapter that superheated vapour was taken over and be used for providing to described esterification reaction section to the glycerine that passes in the esterification reaction section in the grease range of distribution.
Above-mentioned grease distillation tower not only can be used for the greasy depickling deodorizing of low acid value, and the grease of high acid value is also had higher refining yield; Esterification and deacid-deodoring are combined in the same equipment, had both guaranteed the required condition of grease esterification, simplified operation, also reduced auxiliary facility, the simplification device technical process, thus reduce cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 looks synoptic diagram for the master of grease distillation tower of the present invention;
Wherein: 1, vacuum is taken over; 2, grease range of distribution; 3, stripping distillation zone; 4, grease interception area; 20, grease mouth-piece; 21, glycerine is taken over; 22, superheated vapour is taken over; 23, esterification reaction section; 5, distribution apparatus; 6, open steam is taken over; 7, thermal oil coil pipe; 8, grease downstream end.
Embodiment
Below the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, but be not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the grease distillation tower mainly is divided into three zones that communicate from top to bottom, is followed successively by grease range of distribution 2, stripping distillation zone 3 and grease and holds back district 4.Be connected with vacuum at cat head and take over 1, it links to each other with vacuum unit such as vacuum pump, keeps distillation tower and is in vacuum state.
Be provided with distribution apparatus 5 in the grease range of distribution 2, distribution apparatus 5 can make grease flow into equably in the stripping distillation zone 3.Stripping distillation zone 3 is filled with filler, and the filler below is connected with open steam and takes over 6, and open steam is taken over 6 feedings by this and upwards flowed at the bottom of tower.Grease is held back the district and then is provided with thermal oil coil pipe 7 in 4, admittance deep fat in it, and the grease through after the refining that flows down in the stripping distillation zone 3 stays for some time at this, and the heat decoloring reaction takes place, and can effectively reduce grease color, and flow out from grease downstream end 8.
Body of the tower is provided with the grease inlet connection 20 that feeds grease range of distribution 2.The special feature of grease distillation tower of the present invention is that it also comprises glycerine adapter 21 and superheated vapour adapter 22, and the exit of grease inlet connection 20 is provided with esterification reaction section 23, and glycerine is taken over 21 and is passed in the esterification reaction section 23 always.
Embodiment 2
A kind of depickling of food oils, deodour method are treated purified raw oil material (crude oil) acid value≤30mgKOH/g, utilize the grease distillation tower of embodiment 1 to carry out greasy deacid-deodoring.This method is specific as follows:
Grease and glycerine are taken over 21 by grease inlet connection 20 and glycerine respectively and are entered in the grease range of distribution 2, and in esterification reaction section 23, stop a little, take over 22 by superheated vapour and feed superheated vapour, then under the stirring of superheated vapour, free fatty acids in the grease and glycerine generation esterification change into triglyceride level
(being grease), the feeding amount of glycerine is according to treating that the acid value of polished fat determines, the molar weight of general glycerine should with the molar weight of free fatty acids in the grease quite or few slightly, therefore, considerably less through the free fatty acid content in the grease after the esterification reaction section 23, this grease evenly enters stripping distillation zone 3 through distribution apparatus 5, feed open steam, control in this zone temperature between 240～260 ℃, then at open steam from upwards doing in the process of countercurrent flow at the bottom of the tower with grease, gas is carried out at interface between liquid layer and gas phase, liquid biphase mass transfer, remaining free fatty acids and stink substance are removed.
Behind deacid-deodoring, grease enters grease and holds back district 4 from the stripping distillation zone, the admittance deep fat heats to grease in the thermal oil coil pipe 7, the grease temperature out is remained between 220～230 ℃, so that fully remove volatile matter and carry out the heat decoloring reaction, some have volatile coloring matter and also can remove the reduction grease color.
Measure according to the greasy acid value of national standard working method after refining, acid value≤0.12mgKOH/g, surpass request of national standard.
Embodiment 3
A kind of depickling of food oils, deodour method, the acid value≤7mgKOH/g of raw oil material, the grease distillation tower of employing embodiment 1.Basic identical with embodiment 2, different is, have only grease to enter the distribution apparatus 5 at top, no longer add glycerine, do not feed superheated vapour yet and enter stirring, grease disperses from distribution apparatus 5 and evenly flows down, with the reverse generation mass transfer that contacts of open steam, to remove free fatty acids and the stink substance in the grease.
To sum up, grease destilling tower of the present invention not only is suitable for the deacid-deodoring of low acid value grease, has equally good depickling deodorizing effect for the grease of high acid value, reaches the purpose that reduces grease refining consumption and improve refining yield; Esterification and deacid-deodoring are combined in the same equipment, had both guaranteed the required condition of grease esterification, simplified operation, also reduced auxiliary device, the simplification device technological process, thus reduce cost.
Claims (1)
1. grease distillation tower, cat head has vacuum and takes over (1), body of the tower is followed successively by the grease range of distribution (2) with distribution apparatus (5) from top to bottom, stripping distillation zone (3) and grease interception area (4), top of tower is provided with the grease mouth-piece (20) that feeds in the described grease range of distribution (2), it is characterized in that: the exit of described grease mouth-piece (20) is provided with esterification reaction section (23), also is connected with the superheated vapour adapter (22) that the glycerine that passes in the described esterification reaction section (23) is taken over (21) and is used for providing to described esterification reaction section (23) superheated vapour in the described grease range of distribution (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101363986A CN101418253B (en) | 2008-12-02 | 2008-12-02 | Grease distillation tower |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101363986A CN101418253B (en) | 2008-12-02 | 2008-12-02 | Grease distillation tower |
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| CN101418253A CN101418253A (en) | 2009-04-29 |
| CN101418253B true CN101418253B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103740463B (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2016-06-01 | 陈汉卿 | A kind of lipin deacidifying equipment and acid stripping method |
| CN104946387A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-09-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Methods for odor removal of biodiesel |
| CN105001983B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2019-04-05 | 北京恩泽福莱科技有限公司 | A kind of method that extracting, esterifying reduces waste grease acid value |
| CN104928024B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2018-06-01 | 迈安德集团有限公司 | The depickling of high valent acid vegetable oil and fraction recovery method |
| CN106854492A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-06-16 | 西双版纳华坤生物科技有限责任公司 | A kind of high acid value, the method for thermally labile grease physical deacidification deodorization and its device |
| CN209669157U (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-11-22 | 郑州远洋油脂工程技术有限公司 | A kind of high acid value lipin deacidifying deodorization device |
| CN114250114A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-29 | 太仓市宝马油脂设备有限公司 | Refining process of cold pressed oil |
| CN114250113A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-03-29 | 太仓市宝马油脂设备有限公司 | Treatment process of kitchen waste oil |
| CN115433631B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-03-29 | 包音都古荣金花 | Dispersing process and device for removing mutton smell and deodorizing of sheep tail grease |
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| CN100999695A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2007-07-18 | 华南理工大学 | Processing method of high acid value greasy |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN100999695A (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2007-07-18 | 华南理工大学 | Processing method of high acid value greasy |
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| CN101418253A (en) | 2009-04-29 |
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