CN101407895A - Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-nitrogen high-manganese austenitic stainless steel - Google Patents
Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-nitrogen high-manganese austenitic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN101407895A CN101407895A CNA2008102361812A CN200810236181A CN101407895A CN 101407895 A CN101407895 A CN 101407895A CN A2008102361812 A CNA2008102361812 A CN A2008102361812A CN 200810236181 A CN200810236181 A CN 200810236181A CN 101407895 A CN101407895 A CN 101407895A
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Abstract
The invention relates to austenitic stainless steel, in particular to wearing and corrosion resistant austenitic stainless steel high in nitrogen and manganese, and is characterized by consisting of the components with the following mass ratios: 0.40 to 0.65 percent of N, equal to or less than 0.05 percent of C, 18.00 to 25.00 percent of Mn, 18.00 to 20.00 percent of Cr, 0 to 3.50 percent of Ni, equal to or less than 0.05 percent of S, equal to or less than 0.05 percent of P, equal to or less than 1.00 percent of Si and the residual quantity of Fe. The austenitic stainless steel saves the expensive strategic resource of nickel by increasing the contents of nitrogen and manganese, thus reducing the production cost; besides, the nitrogen in the material can effectively improve mechanical properties such as the tensile strength and the like and has very good toughness and processing performance; and the effects of manganese and nitrogen in the material can improve the wearing and corrosion resistant capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of austenitic stainless steel, refer in particular to a kind of wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-nitrogen high-manganese austenitic stainless steel.
Background technology
Austenitic stainless steel is most important red fox alloy, and grade of steel is numerous, and its usage quantity and turnout account for the overwhelming majority of total consumption of stainless steel and output.For many years, most popular both at home and abroad is nickel chromium stainless steel, and its nickel content is higher, but such stainless steel has two more serious problems.At first be its austenitic microtexture hardness, intensity is on the low side, so, limit it and use widely; Secondly, because the ground ore reserve of nickel and chromium element are relative less, especially nickel is very expensive " strategic resource ", so it is very high to produce cost.Therefore, various countries have carried out a large amount of research and have solved these problems.At first, improve the intensity of austenitic stainless steel, people have carried out the nitrogen studies of mixing in the austenitic stainless steel, find that nitrogen not only can the stable austenite tissue, can also greatly improve the intensity of austenitic steel, its effect is stronger than carbon and other alloying elements, and nitrogen reduces partial dislocation on the austenite solid matter face, has limited the Splintered dislocation motion that contains the interstitial impurity atomic group; Doping nitrogen can improve the corrosion resistance nature of austenitic stainless steel equally, particularly anti-local corrosion, as intergranular corrosion, pitting attack and crevice corrosion.Initial restriction owing to the smelting iron and steel condition, the nitrogen concentration that can add under normal pressure is lower, so the effect of nitrogen in austenitic stainless steel is not obvious.Along with the development of pressurization metallurgical technology, nitrogen is as strong interstitial element, attracts much attention once more with characteristics such as cheap, as to be easy to get.Only from 1988 to nineteen ninety-five, the international meeting of high nitrogen steel has just been held 6 times.The research of high a few days ago nitrogen steel develops rapidly in Japan, Sweden, Germany, countries such as France and Russia man.Domestic to controlling nitrogen type and the stainless research of middle nitrogen type austenitic, developing and made extensive work, stainless research work also just begins to high nitrogen type austenitic.Secondly, academia and industrial community have been carried out the research that high-manganses low-nickel, high manganese do not have nickel steel at present, and at first, such steel can greatly reduce the consumption of nickel, so can reduce cost; Secondly, the solubleness of nitrogen can increase with the increase of chromium in the alloy and manganese content, and therefore high manganese content can improve the solid solubility of nitrogen in austenite.Thereby to replace nickel with manganese be inexorable trend as main austenitizing alloying element.The acting in conjunction of manganese and nitrogen can the stable austenite tissue and improve the intensity of material, improve its abrasion resistance properties, and its solidity to corrosion is unaffected.Therefore, the high manganese austenitic stainless steel of wear-and corrosion-resistant has excellent performance, will obtain attention more and more widely.
The design and the patent that have also occurred some austenitic stainless steels recently are the manganese that 200510063018.7 " few austenitic stainless steels " that mention are contained lower aq as the patent No., and be nonnitrogenous, so mechanical property such as its tensile strength is lower; The patent No. is " a kind of austenitic stainless steel " that 200410041285.X announces, though this steel has reduced the nickel composition, mechanical properties such as its tensile strength weaken to some extent; The patent No. is 01111434.7 " a kind of austenitic stainless steel " announced, and it contains a certain amount of Mo and Al, has good acid-alkali-corrosive-resisting performance, and still, its shortcoming is that intensity is not high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of have good wear-resisting, corrosion resisting property, with low cost, comprehensive mechanical property good, the high-nitrogen high-manganese austenitic stainless steel of use temperature wide ranges.
Wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-nitrogen high-manganese austenitic stainless steel, it is characterized in that: press massfraction and calculate, comprise following component: 0.40～0.65% N ,≤0.05% C, 18.0～25.0% Mn, 0～3.50% Ni, 18.00～20.00% Cr ,≤0.05% S ,≤0.05% P ,≤1.00% Si, surplus are Fe.
Preferred content is:
1. 0.50～0.65%N ,≤0.05%C, 22.00～25.00%Mn, 1.00～3.50%Ni, 18.00～20.00%Cr ,≤0.05%S ,≤0.05%P ,≤1.00%Si, surplus are Fe.
Determine the reasons are as follows of above-mentioned main chemical compositions scope:
1. manganese: manganese is austenite former, has the effect of intensive stable austenite tissue, and improves the solubleness of nitrogen in steel.In low-nickel austenitic stainless steel, manganese is one of very important alloying element, and elements such as normal and nickel join in the steel jointly, to save nickel or replacement nickel.
2. chromium: chromium is most important element in the stainless steel, is the important element that steel obtains rustless property, corrosion stability.The chromium content range of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention had both guaranteed that steel had good stainless corrosion-resistant performance, guaranteed to obtain austenite structure again.
3. nickel: nickel is that intensive forms, the element of stable austenite tissue and expansion austenitic area.But nickel has reduced the solubleness of nitrogen in alloy, reduces the hot workability of steel, and worsens the biocompatibility of steel.Therefore, the essentially no nickel of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention or contain a spot of nickel, purpose is to reduce the manufacturing cost of steel, and improves hot workability, improves biocompatibility.
4. nitrogen: nitrogen is to form very consumingly and the element of stable austenite tissue, can be so that steel also keeps austenite structure at low temperatures.Nitrogen can instead of part nickel in austenitic stainless steel, thereby reduce the manufacturing cost of steel.Nitrogen belongs to the solution strengthening element, and the intensity that can improve austenitic stainless steel is not still significantly damaged the plasticity and the toughness of steel.And the adding of nitrogen can delay separating out of carbide, thereby its intergranular corrosion resistance performance is improved.
5. carbon: carbon is strong formation, stable and enlarge the element of austenitic area in austenitic stainless steel.But the too high plasticity that influences steel of carbon content is unfavorable for cold working, and reduces the corrosion resisting property of steel.
6. silicon: silicon is deoxidant element, also is the effective element that improves oxidation-resistance, water-fast steam oxidation etc. in addition.But silicon is the intensive ferrite former, in addition, and when silicone content surpasses 2%; can promote intermetallic compound separating out under high-temperature condition; therefore in order to protect stainless steel of the present invention to obtain austenite structure, and improve the stability of austenite structure, content that must restriction silicon.
7. phosphorus: phosphorus is steel extremely difficult harmful element of avoiding in smelting process, should be controlled at below 0.05% (massfraction) as far as possible.
8. sulphur: sulphur is steel extremely difficult harmful element of avoiding in smelting process, should be controlled at below 0.05% (massfraction) as far as possible.
Austenitic stainless steel of the present invention has the following advantages:
1) cost is low.Austenitic stainless steel of the present invention has adopted the alloying constituent of high nitrogen, Gao Meng, and the starting material of its melting can adopt the common used in industry electrolytic manganese, low carbon ferrochromium, and the source is sufficient, and cheap, cost is lower than the 18-8 nickel chromium stainless steel.
2) intensity height, good toughness, abrasion resistance properties are good.Room temperature yield strength (σ
0.2) greater than 525MPa, be about 1.6 times of the nickel chromium stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti that uses always, the room temperature strength limit (σ
b) greater than 790MPa, than 1Cr18Ni9Ti high approximately 46%.Owing to the adding of nitrogen, greatly improved the intensity of steel, and annealed, can obtain tiny nitride precipitate, therefore, the abrasion resistance properties of steel is improved.
3) unit elongation of this alloy has good cold-forming property up to 41%.
4) compare with common austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti, this alloy has lower frictional coefficient, better the abrasive wear resistance performance.
5) this alloy has good anti-pitting attack performance.Especially at FeCl
3In the solution, its corrosion resisting property is better than common austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 abrasive wear experimental installation synoptic diagram
1, rubber wheel 2, sample 3, fulcrum 4, load
Embodiment
Material 1 (massfraction): 0.62%N, 0.05%C, 24.62%Mn, 3.23%Ni, 18.03%Cr, 0.01%S, 0.01%P, 0.57%Si, surplus Fe.
This material adopts in vacuum oven to be smelted, go rising head, and the steel ingot bottom after forge, forging process is: 1100 ℃ of Heating temperatures, heat 2 hours, insulation half an hour open about 1030 ℃ of forging temperature, final forging temperature is more than 950 ℃.To change material then and carry out solution treatment, temperature is 1050 ℃, is incubated one hour, then water-cooled.Austenitic stainless steel of the present invention can be cast or rolling becoming a useful person as required, or forges again.Technology is: 1100 ℃ of Heating temperatures, heated 2 hours, and be incubated half an hour, to open and forge about 1030 ℃ of temperature, final forging temperature is more than 950 ℃.Through forging into base, then through being machined into part.Performances such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion high manganese austenitic stainless steel mechanics of the present invention are as shown in table 1.Part contrasts the mechanical property of austenitic steel and lists in table 2, and the mechanical property of austenitic stainless steel of the present invention is greatly improved as can be seen.
Table 1 mechanical property of the present invention
The mechanical property of table 2 part contrast austenitic stainless steel material
| Material | Yield strength/MPa | Tensile strength/MPa | Elongation after fracture/% | Relative reduction in area/% |
| 00Cr18Ni10 | 180 | 490 | 40 | 60 |
| 0Cr18Ni9 | 200 | 500 | 45 | 60 |
| 0Cr19Ni9Ti | 200 | 500 | 40 | 55 |
| 1Cr18Ni9Ti | 205 | 540 | 40 | 45 |
| 2Cr18Ni9 | 220 | 580 | 40 | 55 |
Annotate: standard GB/T228-2002 " metallic substance tensile test at room temperature method " is adopted in the test of YIELD STRENGTH, tensile strength, elongation after fracture and relative reduction in area; (summer is than v-notch) impact experiment adopts standard GB 4159-84 " the metal low temperature summer is than impacting experimental technique ".
Material of the present invention and contrast material 1Cr18Ni9Ti are carried out measuring friction coefficient, the frictional coefficient experimental technique is: at the frictional coefficient of MS-T3000 friction and wear tester test 18-8 type austenitic stainless steel and high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, load is 200g, radius is 3mm, and concrete outcome is listed in table 3.
Can see that from table 3 frictional coefficient of material 1 is lower than common 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel, and frictional coefficient is more little, just wear-resisting more.
The frictional coefficient contrast of table 3 stainless steel of the present invention and traditional austenitic stainless steel wearing and tearing steady stage
Material of the present invention and contrast material 1Cr18Ni9Ti are carried out the abrasive wear experiment, and sample 2 is shaped as bulk in the experiment, and the mill material shape is ring, and flour milling is a rubber.Before the experiment sample 2 is milled to 800# waterproof abrasive paper, makes its smooth surface and smooth, sample 2 wearing and tearing are forward and backward all need use the acetone cleaning-drying after, with the weight of analytical balance (tolerance range is 0.01mg) weighing sample 2, weighing is averaged for three times.During the damp sand wearing and tearing, sand is fine sand (40 orders～70 orders), and sand water ratio is 2: 1, promptly 500 gram sand, 250 ml waters are chosen three load 4, in conjunction with actual, load 4 is defined as 5 Ns, 10 Ns, 20 Ns, wearing-in period is respectively 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and when 20N, under the same wearing-in period, done the wear test of coarse sand, the abrasive wear experiment is carried out on MLS-23 type damp sand rubber wheel wear testing machine, and peak pressure is 23Kg, and the standard revolution is 240 rev/mins.
Concrete outcome is listed in and is seen Table 4, and the wear resisting property of material 1 obviously is better than common austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti as can be seen from Table 4.
The abrasion loss of table 4 sample
Material of the present invention and contrast material 1Cr18Ni9Ti are carried out the pitting attack experiment, and corrosion experimental is: solution is 6% FeCl
3Solution (is equivalent to 10% FeCl
3.6H
2O).The ASTM regulation does not add HCl, and China and Japan all add the HCl solution of 0.05mol/L, and this is to preventing FeCl
3Solution muddy favourable.Compound method is with the analytically pure FeCl of 100g
3.6H
2O is dissolved in the HCl solution of 0.05mol/L of 900ml.The experimental solutions amount is 800ml, satisfies the long-pending surface to volume ratio of itself and specimen surface at 20mL/cm
2Above requirement.Consider reality, experimental temperature fixes on 35 ℃.Be 24 hours experimental period, not deoxygenation in the experimentation.After the experiment with the naked eye with low power lens examination sample, and take weight-loss method evaluation pitting resistance.Be accurate to 0.01mg.
By pitting attack experiment (6% FeCl
3Solution in, experimental period is 24h, experimental temperature is 35 ℃), we can see (seeing Table 5), the corrosion rate of material 1 is starkly lower than common austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti.
The pitting attack experimental result of table 5 sample
Therefore, comprehensive mechanics, wearing and tearing, corrosive experimental result can find that high-nitrogen high-manganese stainless steel of the present invention has high strength, premium properties such as wear-resisting, anti-corrosion.This material can be widely used in fields such as machinery, Agricultural engineering, chemical industry, food, biomedicine, oil coal, nuclear industry, building, people's livelihood apparatus.
Claims (2)
1, wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-nitrogen high-manganese austenitic stainless steel, it is characterized in that: press massfraction and calculate, composed of the following components: 0.40～0.65% N ,≤0.05% C, 18.0～25.0% Mn, 0～3.50% Ni, 18.00～20.00% Cr ,≤0.05% S ,≤0.05% P ,≤1.00% Si, surplus are Fe.
2, the described wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-nitrogen high-manganese austenitic stainless steel of claim 1 is characterized in that: 0.50～0.65%N ,≤0.05%C, 22.00～25.00%Mn, 1.00～3.50%Ni, 18.00～20.00%Cr ,≤0.05%S ,≤0.05%P ,≤1.00%Si, surplus are Fe.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543715A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-04 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | High-intensity and corrosion-resistant high-nitrogen steel fastener and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN108118263A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-05 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of wear-resisting alloy steel and preparation method of resistance to high stress shock loading |
| CN109722612A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-07 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | A kind of high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel of nitrogen-free bubble formation and its manufacturing method of super large-scale ESR ingot |
| CN112458367A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-03-09 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength intergranular corrosion-resistant twinning-induced plasticity austenitic stainless steel |
| CN113699453A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 上海海塔机械制造有限公司 | Heat-resistant high-nitrogen steel and production method thereof |
-
2008
- 2008-11-25 CN CNA2008102361812A patent/CN101407895A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543715A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-05-04 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | High-intensity and corrosion-resistant high-nitrogen steel fastener and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN105543715B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2017-12-05 | 江苏烁石焊接科技有限公司 | A kind of high-strength corrosion-resistant high nitrogen steel fastener and its manufacturing process |
| CN109722612A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2019-05-07 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | A kind of high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel of nitrogen-free bubble formation and its manufacturing method of super large-scale ESR ingot |
| CN108118263A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-05 | 钢铁研究总院 | A kind of wear-resisting alloy steel and preparation method of resistance to high stress shock loading |
| CN112458367A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-03-09 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength intergranular corrosion-resistant twinning-induced plasticity austenitic stainless steel |
| CN112458367B (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-11-02 | 钢铁研究总院 | High-strength intergranular corrosion-resistant twinning-induced plasticity austenitic stainless steel |
| CN113699453A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-26 | 上海海塔机械制造有限公司 | Heat-resistant high-nitrogen steel and production method thereof |
| CN113699453B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-03-10 | 上海海塔机械制造有限公司 | Heat-resistant high-nitrogen steel and production method thereof |
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