CN101407776A - Method for optimizing activated sludge population structure and enriching ammonia oxidation bacteria - Google Patents
Method for optimizing activated sludge population structure and enriching ammonia oxidation bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN101407776A CN101407776A CNA2008102276985A CN200810227698A CN101407776A CN 101407776 A CN101407776 A CN 101407776A CN A2008102276985 A CNA2008102276985 A CN A2008102276985A CN 200810227698 A CN200810227698 A CN 200810227698A CN 101407776 A CN101407776 A CN 101407776A
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- oxidizing bacteria
- activated sludge
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optimizing method of enriched ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in an activated sludge population structure, belongs to the technical field of enhanced biological sewage denitrification processing, aims at solving the practical problems of trenchant running condition requirements, long cultivation time of enriched ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and high running energy consumption in current denitrifying techniques with short-course nitration and denitrification, and develops the optimizing method of enriched ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of the activated sludge population structure according to the growth characteristics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in an activated sludge processing system. The optimizing method of enriched ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of the activated sludge population structure is mainly characterized in that a nitration reaction process is controlled with parameters of pH value and DO, aeration is halted before ammonia peak valley appears, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria is completely proliferated, proliferation chance of NOB is deprived, and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria is eliminated from the system by controlling sludge age, thus achieving the goal for the quick start of short-course nitration and denitrification. A bisection method is utilized in the operating process so as to determine the optimal time for advancing aeration halt. Furthermore, the optimizing method of enriched ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of the activated sludge population structure has the advantages of short reaction period, high enrichment efficiency, simple operation and the like.
Description
Technical field
Technical field under the claimed technical scheme is: reinforced sewage biological denitrificaion processing technology field; the cultural method that relates to ammonia oxidation bacteria in a kind of enhanced biological denitrification system; especially use the quick startup of system in the short-cut nitrification and denitrification technology biological denitrification process and the enrichment culture of ammonia oxidation bacteria, be applicable to nitrogenous Industrial Wastewater Treatment and town sewage advanced treatment.
Background technology
For preventing lake and other receiving water body eutrophication, each municipal sewage plant all need carry out denitrogenation dephosphorizing, and the utilisation technology that biological method becomes to take as the leading factor.The biological nitration denitrification is the method for the most frequently used biological denitrificaion.It is divided into two stages: organonitrogen and ammonia nitrogen are converted into nitrite and then are converted into nitrate under aerobic condition; Nitrite and nitrate are reduced to the process of nitrogen by denitrifying bacteria under the anoxybiotic condition.The flora of finishing nitration reaction mainly is ammonia oxidation bacteria (ammonia oxidizing bacteria AOB) and NOB (nitrite oxidizing bacteria NOB), on the evolution pedigree, do not have close sibship between this two classes population, separative AOB is included into β-Proteobacteria guiding principle or γ-Proteobacteria guiding principle.Separative NOB belongs to α-Proteobacteria guiding principle, γ-Proteobacteria guiding principle or δ-Proteobacteria guiding principle or Nitrospira door, Nitrosococcus is with the minority bacterial strain of Nitrococcus has relative nearer sibship in γ-Proteobacteria guiding principle, the sibship of other most bacterial strains is wide apart all, AOB and NOB are the adjacent certainty that there is no on the evolution pedigree each other, and they can be lived on one's own life fully.And the essence that realizes biological short-cut nitrification and denitrification is that nitration reaction is controlled at the nitrite stage, from the angle of population migration, be exactly in the nitration reaction process AOB make AOB become dominant population in the nitrifying bacteria community with respect to NOB advantage propagation.
The short-cut nitrification and denitrification biological denitrification process has the aeration energy consumption of saving, shortens the reaction times, saves denitrifying carbon source and reduces the mud growing amount, reduces the reactor useful volume, save advantages such as capital cost, therefore how to realize and keep stable short-cut nitrification and denitrification to have stronger practical significance and engineering using value, particularly when handling the sewage of high-concentration ammonia-nitrogen and low C/N ratio.SHARON (Single reactorsystem for High Ammonia Removal Over Nitrite process) technology is first technology that successfully realizes short distance nitration and denitrification technology and successful Application.But the operational conditions of SHARON technology has limited the development and the application of technology as high temperature, high-concentration ammonia-nitrogen.
Realize keeping high temperature (＞30 ℃) with to keep the condition of stablize short-cut nitrification and denitrification relative harsh, owing to the specific heat of water appearance is very big, the energy consumption height; Keep hypoxemia (＜0.5mg/L), ammonia oxidation speed is very low, the nitrated time is longer, efficient is too low; Use inhibitor, because different inhibitor is different with the inhibition degree to the inhibition principle of nitrobacteria, and dosage is improper can kill AOB and NOB simultaneously, is unfavorable for the cultivation of AOB.
Under the more general condition, in the municipal sewage treatment process short-cut nitrification and denitrification denitrogenation new technology being applied to the problem that actual engineering faces the cultivation acclimation sludge, just to optimize the nitrobacteria population structure at present, cultivate the problem of enrichment AOB.For engineering is used, if the bacterial classification that seeded with pure is cultivated can face the investment cost increasing and have the adaptability problem of bacterial classification to water quality.The present invention proposes the low C/N of a kind of utilization than city domestic sewage, cultivate the method for enrichment AOB, can start short-cut nitrification and denitrification with 1-2 month time.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is through long-term exploration research, analyze under the normal temperature condition, the Changing Pattern of " three nitrogen " (ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitric nitrogen), pH value and DO in the nitration reaction process, when pH in the 7.8-8.2 scope, control dissolved oxygen (DO) is when 1.5-2.0mg/L, discovery is after nitration reaction is carried out the quite a long time, and accumulation appears in nitrite nitrogen, and not a large amount of generate (the seeing accompanying drawing 1) of nitric nitrogen.When nitration reaction finishes, (this flex point is called " ammonia paddy " in scientific and technical literature can to occur becoming the flex point that rises by descending on the pH curve, hereinafter all continue to use this appellation), therefore by the control aeration time, stopping aeration before " ammonia paddy " occurs can make AOB preferentially breed, not to the chance of NOB propagation, reach and optimize nitrobacteria population structure, the purpose of enrichment AOB.
SBR technological process control method based on the pH unique point involved in the present invention is with reference to existing Chinese patent ZL 200610012076.1.
Because AOB is stronger to the affinity of oxygen than NOB, beginning AOB in each cycle can be that substrate utilization generates NO with the ammonia nitrogen in the water
2 -, self breeds simultaneously, when ammonia nitrogen degradation finishes NO
2 -Reach finite concentration, occur " ammonia paddy " on the pH value curve, continue aeration, NOB can be with NO
2 -For substrate utilization generates NO
3 -, make self propagation simultaneously.If stop aeration before " ammonia paddy ", NOB has little time a large amount of propagation, the ratio that the ratio of AOB accounts for greater than AOB in original mud in the at this moment newly-increased mud, promptly
By controlling suitable sludge age 5-10 days, each cycle aeration finishes constantly to get rid of quantitative mud, makes the NOB system of being eliminated out gradually, reaches the purpose that enrichment culture AOB realizes the anti-nitre of short distance nitration.
Principle of work of the present invention and process:
A kind of method of optimizing activated sludge population structure and enriching ammonia oxidation bacteria described in the present invention, it is characterized in that: DO is between 1.5-2.0mg/L in control, stops aeration before " ammonia paddy " occurs, by controlling sludge age 5-10 days, constantly spoil disposal is eliminated NOB gradually.According to ammonia nitrogen degradation completely the pH curve of reaction time determine ammonia oxidation stage required time, before next cycle " ammonia paddy " occurs, finish aeration according to this time.Move after 5-10 cycle continuously, the complete cycle of reruning is proofreaied and correct " ammonia paddy " time point.The time point that " if ammonia paddy " occurs in advance the time that stops aeration toward reach, if instead the time point that " ammonia paddy " occurs delay, then stop aeration time point should after move.
The step of specific implementation is as follows:
(1) in the sbr reactor device, places two transmitters, gather the signal of dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) and pH value,, keep between the dissolved oxygen 1.5-2.0mg/L as the real-time controlled variable of SBR method denitrification process;
(2) " ammonia paddy " appears in the operation one-period earlier, record nitration reaction time T
1
(3) move 5-10 cycle continuously, aeration time is controlled to be T
1-Δ T (Δ T is that the best is stopped aeration time in advance);
(4) " ammonia paddy " appears in the one-period that then reruns, record nitration reaction time T
2,
(5) move 5-10 cycle more continuously, aeration time is controlled to be T
2-Δ T;
(6) carry out step (4) (5) repeatedly, calculate ammonia oxidation rate and nitrite accumulation rate, the nitrite accumulation rate maintains promptly to be thought more than 95% and cultivates successfully.
The technical program has the following advantages:
(1) be that indication parameter can accurately be held the moment that " ammonia paddy " occurs with the pH value, accurately control the nitration reaction process, this also is a key problem in technology of the present invention, thereby guarantees that ammonia AOB fully breeds, do not give the too much growth opportunity of NOB, have higher bioaccumulation efficiency.
(2) inexcessive aeration, energy efficient reaches energy-efficient purpose.
Description of drawings
The Changing Pattern of Fig. 1 typical cycle ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitric nitrogen and a COD
Embodiment
As described in principle of work of the present invention, how to determine the best key that aeration time is this technology of stopping.Dichotomy is a kind of algorithm of asking Equation f (x)=0 numerical solution in mathematics, is applicable to that function f (x) is continuous, and has interval [a, b], satisfies the situation (claiming that [a, b] is the region of search) of f (a) f (b)＜0.It dwindles the region of search, up to obtaining the numerical solution that Equation f (x)=0 satisfies accuracy requirement step by step by constantly calculating the functional value of region of search mid point.
Use dichotomy among the present invention and determine that the best stops aeration time, wherein f (x) is the nitrite accumulation rate, and the region of search is [0, T], and T is the nitrated time.Therefore determine that by following scheme the best stops aeration time:
1, starting condition: the initial pH value 7.8-8.5 that reaction starts, temperature 25-30 ℃, constantly regulate aeration rate in the aerobic aeration process, keep the DO value between 1.5-2.0mg/L.Raw water quality C/N all is applicable to cultural method proposed by the invention between 2.7-8, more help cultivating AOB when wherein C/N is between 2.7-4.
2, operating scheme: with 3 sbr reactor devices 1
#, 2
#, 3
#, the denitrifying mud of inoculation complete nitrification.
(1) pH value and DO detecting line sensor are installed in three reactors, are detected the variation of DO and pH value in the nitrifying process in real time,, write down the nitration reaction time T up to appearance " ammonia paddy "
11, T
21, T
31Fixing mud sample utilizes the molecular biology fluorescence in situ hybridization technique (to adopt OLYMPUS BX52 fluorescence microscope, Leica QWIN Software quantitative analysis simultaneously, down with) observe the mud population structure, record AOB and NOB shared relative proportion in whole mud;
(2) aeration time of 3 reactors of control is respectively 1/2T
11(shift to an earlier date 1/2T
11Time stop aeration), 3/4T
21(shift to an earlier date 1/4T
21Time stop aeration), 7/8T
31(shift to an earlier date 1/8T
31Time stop aeration), move 10 cycles, fixing mud sample is observed the variation of mud population structure with fluorescence in situ hybridization technique simultaneously, record AOB and NOB shared relative proportion in whole mud;
(3) make 3 reactors all occur " ammonia paddy " once more, the record nitration reaction time is respectively T
12, T
22, T
32
(4) aeration time of 3 reactors of control is respectively 1/2T
12, 3/4T
22, 7/8T
31, moving 10 cycles, fixing mud sample is observed the variation of mud population structure with fluorescence in situ hybridization technique simultaneously, record AOB and NOB shared relative proportion in whole mud;
(5) repeating step (3) (4) reaches more than 95% the nitrite accumulation rate of each SBR, and it is the shortest to investigate that system time spent, and then this time that stops aeration in advance is that the best is stopped aeration time.
In above-mentioned embodiment, the concentration of COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitric nitrogen in each cycle detection nitrifying process is got 5 water samples, initial mixed solution, and organic matter degradation finishes, and two sampling spots of nitrifying process stop aeration, calculate the nitrite accumulation rate.The nitrite accumulation rate is passed through formula
Calculate, explanation AOB had become the dominant bacteria in the active sludge when the nitrite accumulation rate was stabilized in 95% left and right sides.
Embodiment 1:
With the real life sewage of certain university dependents' district discharging as subjects (pH=7.8-8.0, COD=260～350mg/L, TN=80～90mg/L), C/N is that 3.3-4.3 belongs to low carbon-nitrogen ratio sewage.The COD concentration of mixed solution maintains 200～300mg/L, NH in the selected sbr reactor device useful volume 10L, reactor
4 +-N concentration is about 45mg/L, and initial MLSS is at 3.05～3.5.0g.L in the reactor
-1, keep the DO value about 1.5mg/L, sludge age maintains about 8d, 25 ℃ of temperature of reaction.By real-time control system operation 61d, realized stable short distance nitration, the nitrite accumulation rate reaches more than 95%.Molecular biology FISH detects and shows, continuous spoil disposal can be realized eliminating of NOB when finishing by aeration, makes AOB become the dominant microflora of nitration reaction process.
Embodiment 2:
Test water is school's dependents' district sanitary sewage.Former water COD is 120.8～259.7mg/L, NH
4 +-N concentration is 44～65mg/L, BOD
5Be 105～150mg/L, NO
3 --N concentration is 0.04～0.42mg/L, NO
2 --N concentration is 0.06～0.15mg/L, and C/N is 2.72～4.0, is the low ammonia-nitrogen sewage of low ratio of carbon to ammonium.The COD concentration of mixed solution maintains 100～200mg/L, NH in the sbr reactor device useful volume 14L, reactor
4 +-N concentration is about 40mg/L, and initial MLSS is at 3.0g.L in the reactor
-1About, keep the DO value about 1.8mg/L, sludge age maintains about 5d, 30 ℃ of temperature of reaction.By real-time control system operation 32d, realized stable short distance nitration, the nitrite accumulation rate reaches more than 95%.Fluorescence in situ hybridization technique (FISH) detects and shows that the content of AOB has improved 58.9% in the mud, and the content of NOB has reduced by 63.2%.
Embodiment 3:
With certain municipal sewage plant's preliminary sedimentation tank water outlet is subjects, and former water COD is 308.8～440.7mg/L, NH
4 +-N concentration is 44.1～55.3mg/L, BOD
5Be 155.8～250.3mg/L, NO
3 --N concentration is 0.04～0.12mg/L, NO
2 --N concentration is 0.06～0.10mg/L, and C/N is 7～8.The COD concentration of mixed solution maintains 200～300mg/L, NH in the selected sbr reactor device useful volume 6L, reactor
4 +-N concentration is at 45mg/L, and initial MLSS is at 2.05～2.50g.L in the reactor
-1, keep the DO value about 2.0mg/L, sludge age maintains about 10d, 26.5 ℃ of temperature of reaction.By real-time control system operation 60d, realized stable short distance nitration, the nitrite accumulation rate reaches more than 95%, and the TN clearance is more than 95%.Molecular biology FISH detects and shows that AOB becomes the dominant microflora of nitration reaction process.
Claims (1)
1. method of optimizing activated sludge population structure and enriching ammonia oxidation bacteria is characterized in that:
DO is between 1.5-2.0mg/L in control, stops aeration before the appearance of ammonia paddy, controls sludge age 5-10 days, continuous spoil disposal, the flex point by descend change rising of described ammonia paddy for occurring on the pH curve when nitration reaction finishes.
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| CN101792244A (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-04 | 株式会社日立工业设备技术 | Nitrite type nitrification-reactive sludge, its manufacture method, its manufacturing installation and method of wastewater treatment and wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN102583705A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for culturing oxidizing bacteria capable of quickly enriching nitrite |
| CN103112945A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2013-05-22 | 北京工业大学 | SBR (Sequencing batch reactor) nitrosation quick start method |
| CN103435166A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-11 | 北京工业大学 | Method for quickly improving enrichment rate and degree of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) |
| CN105189368A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-12-23 | 华盛顿特区供水和污水管理局 | Method and apparatus for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment |
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| CN101792244A (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2010-08-04 | 株式会社日立工业设备技术 | Nitrite type nitrification-reactive sludge, its manufacture method, its manufacturing installation and method of wastewater treatment and wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN101792244B (en) * | 2009-01-30 | 2013-11-20 | 株式会社日立工业设备技术 | Nitrite type nitrification-reactive sludge, manufacturing method thereof, manufacturing device thereof and waste water treatment method and apparatus |
| CN102583705A (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-07-18 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for culturing oxidizing bacteria capable of quickly enriching nitrite |
| CN102583705B (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-05-15 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for culturing oxidizing bacteria capable of quickly enriching nitrite |
| CN105189368A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2015-12-23 | 华盛顿特区供水和污水管理局 | Method and apparatus for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment |
| CN103112945A (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2013-05-22 | 北京工业大学 | SBR (Sequencing batch reactor) nitrosation quick start method |
| CN103435166A (en) * | 2013-09-03 | 2013-12-11 | 北京工业大学 | Method for quickly improving enrichment rate and degree of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in sequencing batch reactor (SBR) |
| CN109748393A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-14 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of strengthened anaerobic ammoxidation activity improves the apparatus and method of aerobic nitrogen removal |
| CN109748393B (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2023-12-01 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for enhancing anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity and improving aerobic nitrogen removal |
| CN110054294A (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2019-07-26 | 北京工业大学 | The device and method that Integral synchronous short distance nitration Anammox couples short-cut denitrification processing low ratio of carbon to ammonium city domestic sewage |
| CN110054294B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2021-10-15 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for treating low-carbon-nitrogen-ratio urban domestic sewage by integrated synchronous shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation coupling shortcut denitrification |
| CN112010424A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-12-01 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Partial nitrosation reaction regulation and control method and device |
| CN112010424B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2023-02-28 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Partial nitrosation reaction regulation and control method and device |
| CN113772832A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-10 | 陕西新泓水艺环境科技有限公司 | Data management system and method of water treatment equipment |
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