CN101406794B - Method for preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent - Google Patents
Method for preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN101406794B CN101406794B CN2008102026424A CN200810202642A CN101406794B CN 101406794 B CN101406794 B CN 101406794B CN 2008102026424 A CN2008102026424 A CN 2008102026424A CN 200810202642 A CN200810202642 A CN 200810202642A CN 101406794 B CN101406794 B CN 101406794B
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Abstract
The invention refers to a method for preparing exhaust gas mercury-moving agent by modifying waste desulfurizer in the technical field of environmental protection. The method comprises the following steps: firstly crushing the waste desulfurizer; and then loading halogen family elements to the surface of waste desulfurizer so that elemental sulphur on the surface of the waste desulfurizer can react with the halogen family elements to form a sulphur-halogen compound and a halide of a transition metal. The content of the halogen element in the waste desulfurizer is between 0.2 and 10 percent. The modified waste desulfurizer has good mercury property to null-valence mercury and finally converts the absorbed mercury into stable mercuric sulfide. The method solves the resource recycling problem of the waste desulfurizer and realizes the function of processing waste with waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of the waste gas removal of mercury of environmental protection technical field, specifically is a kind of method to preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent.
Background technology
As everyone knows, mercury belongs to noxious material, because mercury has the characteristic of cumulative effect and difficult degradation in vivo, makes the mercury pollution problem obtain attention more and more.Mercury in the atmosphere mainly comes from the discharging in coal-fired and the waste incineration process.Simultaneously because the application of mercury in industry is very extensive; In each production process such as metallurgy, electronics, light industry, chemical industry, all there is mercury vapour to discharge with mercury and system mercury; Environment is caused great harm; Therefore, reinforcement is extremely important to the control of mercury pollution in fire coal, waste incineration and the industrial processes.
Mercury in the mercurous waste gas is mainly with particle mercury (Hg
p), gaseous state divalence mercury (Hg
2+) and gaseous state nonvalent mercury (Hg
0) three kinds of forms exist.Particle mercury generally can be removed by dust arrester; Gaseous state divalence mercury (vapor form with mercury compound exists mostly) is prone to adsorbed by most of adsorbent; And nonvalent mercury utilizes conventional adsorbent to carry out the place to go very much.There is research attempt to use catalytic oxidation,, and then the mercury of oxidation state removed from waste gas with absorption method or absorption process with the nonvalent mercury initial oxidation.Yet these methods all are that the mercury in the waste gas is directly transferred in adsorbent or the absorbent solution, do not consider security and the stability of mercury in these materials.In fact, the above-mentioned mercury major part of getting off that captures is that form with the solubility mercury salt exists, and is easy to leached by rainwater cause secondary pollution.Mercury absorption material commonly used is generally active carbon, just possesses the adsorption capacity to nonvalent mercury but active carbon must pass through suitable modification, and utilizing sulphur that active carbon is carried out modification is to improve a kind of approach that active carbon is inhaled the mercury ability.But this type material remains in weak point in practical application at present.At first, because the exhaust gas volumn that produced is very big in the coal-fired process, and sorbing material all is disposable (not reclaiming), and the loss of sorbing material is bigger, and the price of active carbon own is higher, causes operating cost higher; Secondly, the processing more complicated of load sulphur on active carbon, and also it is still undesirable to the adsorption effect of nonvalent mercury in the flue gas to be loaded with the active carbon of sulphur.Therefore, directly utilize fresh active carbon to be the raw material production demercuration adsorbent, its cost is higher, and needs special the processing.Therefore, if can seek cheap proper raw material prepares mercury absorbent, then has good practical significance.
In recent years, along with the popularization gradually of the technology of China's coal gasification, the waste desulfurizer that in the coal gas desulfurization process, is produced is more and more.At present, the numerous desulfurizing agent of domestic and international application can be divided into by system: Fe-series desulfurizing agent, activated carbon desulphurization agent, aluminium fimily desulfurizing agent, zinc fimily desulfurizing agent and molecular sieve desulfurizer.This type desulfurizing agent generally is to be raw material with the active carbon, processes through some transition metal oxides of load.In use, the hydrogen sulfide major part that is adsorbed onto on the desulfurizing agent can be converted into sulphur, and also some can be converted into the sulfide of transition metal.Because this type desulfurizing agent is difficult to regeneration, after saturated after its inefficacy, be difficult to regeneration, therefore, this type desulfurizing agent just is used as dangerous waste product basically and has been disposed after using, and this has not only wasted ample resources, and disposal cost is also very high.Yet, if can utilize these desulfurizing agents of using to have very large meaning as the feedstock production mercury-removing adsorbent.The cost that so both can save material can effectively utilize the discarded desulfurizing agent of sulfur-bearing again, reaches function of processing waste with waste.Yet although contain abundant sulphur and transition metal in the discarded desulfurizing agent, the reaction speed between itself and nonvalent mercury is slower, is difficult to satisfy the specific (special) requirements of fume mercury-removing agent.Therefore, need carry out suitable modification to waste desulfurizer and handle, just can make it absorption of efficient high-speed ground transform nonvalent mercury.
Utilize halogen that waste desulfurizer is carried out chemical modification; Make it form new compound on the waste desulfurizer surface; It is sulfo-halogen compound; Add the acting in conjunction of transient metal sulfide, can accelerate greatly nonvalent mercury in the flue gas is removed speed, and can also be converted into stable mercuric sulphide to the mercury that captures.Therefore, if can handle through waste desulfurizer being carried out suitable modification, the more expensive fume mercury-removing adsorbent of preparation price not only can rationally solve the handling problem of waste desulfurizer, but also reach the comprehensive utilization of resources effect of the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another.New through looking into, the relevant at present method that modification prepares mercury-removing reagent to waste desulfurizer is not appeared in the newspapers as yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency to prior art; A kind of method to preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent is provided; Utilize halogen modification desulfurizing agent to carry out the mercurous waste gas removal of mercury, solving in the existing mercury pollution control procedure needs the higher mercury-removing reagent of a large amount of prices, and waste desulfurizer is difficult to handle problems such as application; Can significantly improve adsorption effect, and can avoid second environmental pollution to nonvalent mercury in the mercurous waste gas.
The present invention realizes through following technical scheme; The present invention adopts halogen that the waste desulfurizer that is rich in sulphur, transient metal sulfide is carried out modification; Desulfurizing agent after the modification is significantly improved the adsorption capacity of the nonvalent mercury in the mercurous waste gas, and finally be converted into stable mercuric sulphide to adsorbed mercury.At first halogen is loaded on the waste desulfurizer surface; Make the reaction of lip-deep elemental sulfur of waste desulfurizer and halogen form the halide of sulfo-halogen compound and transition metal; Thereby change the mercury characterization of adsorption on waste desulfurizer surface; The percentage by weight of the load capacity of sulfo-halogen compound on waste desulfurizer is 0.01-5%, and the mercury-removing reagent after the modification contacts with mercurous waste gas with filled type or the form that directly sprays into, directly is used for the removal of mercury of mercurous waste gas.
The present invention includes following steps:
The first step contains the sulphur of 0.5%-20% weight on the waste desulfurizer.Because general desulfurizing agent is granular, and waste desulfurizer is ground into 10-1000 purpose powdery;
In second step, in the temperature range of normal temperature to 150 ℃, utilize halogen that waste desulfurizer is handled.The air-flow that will contain halogen constantly feeds and is equipped with in the contactor of waste desulfurizer; Through constantly mixing; Sulphur on the desulfurizing agent and transition metal and halogen species fully react the generation sulfo-halogen compound, and the part transition metal is converted into corresponding halide.The percentage by weight of the halogen element load capacity on the waste desulfurizer is 0.2-10%.
In the 3rd step, the desulfurizing agent that above-mentioned modification was handled is used as mercury-removing reagent.Mercury-removing reagent with filled type or the form that directly sprays into flue gas contact with mercurous waste gas, make the mercury-removing reagent absorption that is modified of the mercury of nonvalent mercury and other form in the mercurous waste gas, and progressively be converted into mercuric sulphide, thereby make the mercury in the mercurous waste gas obtain more thoroughly removing.
Described halogen is: chlorine, simple substance bromine, one or more in iodine and their oxide, the hypohalite.Handle in sulfur chloride, sulfur bromide, the iodine bisulfide one or more of being generated as on desulfurizing agent surface, back, produce a spot of iron halide, zinc halide etc. simultaneously.
Described waste desulfurizer contains sulphur and transition metal, and transition metal is one or more in iron, zinc, copper, cobalt, the manganese; What transition metal mainly existed with their mutually deserved halide in the desulfurizing agent after the modification.
The carrier of described waste desulfurizer is one or more in active carbon, molecular sieve, aluminium oxide and the imvite.
When said mercury-removing reagent contacted with mercurous waste gas with the form of filled type, the thickness of mercury-removing reagent packed layer was 5-300mm.
When said mercury-removing reagent contacted with mercurous waste gas with the form that directly sprays into flue gas, the ratio that sprays into mercury-removing reagent and exhaust gas volume in the mercurous waste gas was 10-1000mg/m
3
Compared with prior art, characteristics of the present invention are: 1, desulfurizing agent is through after this method modification, and the adsorption capacity and the rate of adsorption of the flue gas mercury that comprises nonvalent mercury significantly increased, and the consumption of adsorbent in the mercurous waste gas treatment process is significantly reduced; 2, with the quick oxidation of adsorbed nonvalent mercury, and finally form stable mercuric sulphide, reduced possibility secondary environmental pollution; 3, the waste desulfurizer that is adopted itself contains a large amount of element sulphurs, has had removal of mercury ability efficiently later on through modification, has solved the handling problem of waste desulfurizer, reaches the effect of the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another.Simultaneously also save a large amount of mercury-removing reagents and prepared raw material.
The specific embodiment
Elaborate in the face of embodiments of the invention down: present embodiment provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment being to implement under the prerequisite with technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Use the waste desulfurizing agent of preparation voluntarily, the preparation of waste desulfurizing agent: take by weighing the granular active carbon of 10g diameter 1-2mm, utilize 20% iron nitrate solution to soak, make the iron (by FeO) of load about 10% on the active carbon.Afterwards, with the active carbon oven dry, and, make ferric nitrate be decomposed into iron oxide 300 ℃ of left and right sides calcinations;
The desulfurizing agent for preparing is handled with 10% hydrogen sulfide gas (gas composition represent with percent by volume, down with), and in (solid is formed and represented with percentage by weight, down with) time, stop to handle when the adsorption capacity of hydrogen sulfide reaches 1%.At this moment, the desulfurizing agent behind the adsorption of hydrogen sulfide can be regarded waste desulfurizing agent as, has 70% to be converted into sulphur in the hydrogen sulfide that wherein is adsorbed approximately, and other has part to be converted into iron sulfide.
Get 5g with the desulfurizing agent that has sulphur, and it is crushed to 60 orders, insert in the container that has stirring, use 5% the continuous feeding of chlorine again, stir while ventilating., the adsorbent weightening finish stops logical chlorine when reaching 0.2%.At this moment, the adsorbent of handling just can use as adsorbent.Show that through analytical test the many forms with disulphur dichloride of the chlorine on the desulfurizing agent exist at this moment, also have a small amount of iron chloride to generate.
Next handled the adsorbent that obtains on utilizing; Nonvalent mercury in the flue gas is handled; Method is following: take by weighing above-mentioned adsorbent 0.015g; With its insert diameter 6mm, length is in the U type glass tube of 100mm, and stops up two ends with silica wool and forms activated carbon adsorption layer, the adsorbent layer thickness of active carbon is about 1.4mm; Adopt the heating of oil bath heater, control adsorption layer temperature is 120 ℃.Utilize mercury osmos tube and moving air to prepare mercurous simulated exhaust, making the nonvalent mercury concentration in the gas is 150 μ g/m
3Air-flow is with the flow of 200ml/min during continuously through activated carbon adsorption layer, and the nonvalent mercury concentration in the gas after the absorption is measured, and confirms the removal effect of adsorption layer to nonvalent mercury.Equally, also utilize the desulfurizing agent (having adsorbed hydrogen persulfide) through chlorine treatment to compare experiment, used quantity of sorbent is 0.02g.
The result finds, the desulfurizing agent of crossing through chlorine treatment significantly strengthens better the adsorption effect of nonvalent mercury, and in 30 fens clock times after beginning to adsorb, the clearance of nonvalent mercury remains on more than 70% always, in adsorbed mercury, has 60% to be converted into mercuric sulphide approximately.。Desulfurizing agent effect without chlorine is handled is then very poor, also has only about 35% at the adsorption efficiency of initial period.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of desulfurizing agent is similar with embodiment 1, and just utilizing zinc nitrate to replace ferric nitrate to prepare to contain ZnO is 15% desulfurizing agent.Afterwards, identical with instance 1 with the condition of desulfurizing agent adsorption of hydrogen sulfide, different is that final sulfur content is 20% on the adsorbent; Utilize simple substance bromine to replace chlorine that the desulfurizing agent of using is carried out modification, make that bromine content reaches about 5% on the desulfurizing agent.
As control experiment, utilize blank active carbon to be raw material again, profit uses the same method the bromine of its load 10%.Adsorbent is said to the adsorption capacity evaluation experimental method and the instance 1 of nonvalent mercury.
The result finds, through the desulfurizing agent of bromine gas disposal the adsorption effect of nonvalent mercury significantly strengthened preferably, and in 200 fens clock times after beginning to adsorb, the clearance of nonvalent mercury remains on more than 99% always.And use blank Preparation of Activated Carbon carry the bromine adsorbent, also fine to the suction-operated of nonvalent mercury, the clearance of nonvalent mercury also remains on more than 97% always in 200 minutes.It is thus clear that, utilize bromizated waste desulfurizer, its mercury removal performance slightly is better than with the prepared sorbing material of original activity charcoal, utilizes absorbent charcoal based waste desulfurizer to prepare the fume mercury-removing desulfurizing agent and can reach corresponding requirements fully.In adsorbed mercury, have 40% to be converted into mercuric sulphide approximately.
Embodiment 3
The hydrogen sulfide desulphurization agent (active carbon/iron) that utilizes certain chemical plant to change is out tested.Mensuration shows that total sulfur content is about 11% in this waste and old desulfurizing agent, and wherein sulphur content about 5%.Get a certain amount of desulfurizing agent, it is crushed to about 200 orders.Utilize instance 2 described methods then, with the bromine of load on the desulfurizing agent about 2%.
Experiment is carried out in a simulated flue gas pipeline, is that 30mm, length are that the glass tube of 800mm is vertically placed with an internal diameter, and utilizes electrical heating, makes its temperature remain on 120 ℃.Configuration simulation mercury fume makes that nonvalent mercury concentration is about 100 μ g/m in the air-flow
3, and air-flow flows through glass tube from top to bottom, and the average discharge of air-flow is 8m
3/ h is equipped with small-sized cyclone dust collectors at the gas outlet of glass tube.The desulfurizing agent of above-mentioned processing sprayed into from the top of glass tube with the feed rate of 1.2g/h (content of active carbon is 150mg/m with the ratio of gas volume the air-flow in the glass tube
3), making it to mix with air-flow rapidly, the active carbon that flows out with air-flow from the glass tube bottom is removed by cyclone dust collectors.
Nonvalent mercury concentration in the glass tube air-flow under the above-mentioned situation is measured, and the result shows, uses the desulfurizing agent of handling that nonvalent mercury is had very high adsorption efficiency, on average more than 95%.Yet when using untreated desulfurizing agent, under the same operating condition, the removal efficient of nonvalent mercury is less than 25%.
Claims (6)
1. the method to preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The first step contains the sulphur of 0.5%-20% weight on the waste desulfurizer, waste desulfurizer is ground into powdery;
Second step; In the temperature range of normal temperature to 150 ℃, utilize halogen that waste desulfurizer is carried out modification and handle, the air-flow that will contain halogen feeds and is equipped with in the contactor of waste desulfurizer; Through constantly mixing; Sulphur on the desulfurizing agent and transition metal and halogen species fully react the generation sulfo-halogen compound, and the part transition metal is converted into corresponding halide, and the percentage by weight of the halogen element load capacity on the waste desulfurizer is 0.2-10%;
In the 3rd step, the desulfurizing agent that above-mentioned modification was handled is used as mercury-removing reagent, mercury-removing reagent with filled type or the form that directly sprays into flue gas contact with mercurous waste gas, and progressively be converted into mercuric sulphide, thereby make the mercury in the mercurous waste gas obtain removal;
Described waste desulfurizer, transition metal wherein are one or more in iron, zinc, copper, cobalt, the manganese, and modification then forms the corresponding halide of transition metal after handling.
2. the method to preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the carrier of described waste desulfurizer be in active carbon, molecular sieve, aluminium oxide and the imvite one or more.
3. the method to preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described waste desulfurizer is ground into powdery, is meant to be ground into 10-1000 purpose powdery.
4. the method to preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Be used for waste desulfurizer is carried out one or more of oxide that the material that contains halogen that modification handles is chlorine, simple substance bromine, iodine and chlorine, bromine, iodine, hypohalite, handle desulfurizing agent surface, back and generate in sulfur chloride, sulfur bromide, the iodine bisulfide one or more.
5. the method to preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when said mercury-removing reagent contacted with mercurous waste gas with the form of filled type, the thickness of mercury-removing reagent packed layer was 5-300mm.
6. the method to preparing exhaust gas mercury-removing reagent from modification of waste desulfurizing agent according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; When said mercury-removing reagent contacted with mercurous waste gas with the form that directly sprays into, the ratio that sprays into mercury-removing reagent and exhaust gas volume in the mercurous waste gas was 10-2000mg/m
3
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| CN107497829A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 山西普友气体净化有限公司 | A kind of innoxious use method of useless shaping desulfurizing agent |
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| US20110030593A1 (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-02-10 | General Electric Company | Method for desulfurizing a fluid and methods for operating a coal combustion system |
| CN101879412A (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2010-11-10 | 翟常忠 | Dry gaseous mercury removal agent |
| CN105921139B (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2019-03-19 | 中国环境科学研究院 | A kind of mercury absorbent and its preparation method and application |
| CN106955595B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2020-03-20 | 成都天立化工科技有限公司 | Regeneration method of desulfurizer elemental sulfur in desulfurizing tower |
| CN110302633A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-08 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of stationary source gas mercury concentration monitor activated carbon adsorption pipe and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1883760A (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2006-12-27 | 上海交通大学 | Method for removing mercury for flue gas by using sulfo-halogen compound-supported modified adsorbent |
| CN1895745A (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2007-01-17 | 上海交通大学 | Mercury removal for smoke desulfurizing system by fortified wetting method |
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| CN1883760A (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2006-12-27 | 上海交通大学 | Method for removing mercury for flue gas by using sulfo-halogen compound-supported modified adsorbent |
| CN1895745A (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2007-01-17 | 上海交通大学 | Mercury removal for smoke desulfurizing system by fortified wetting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107497829A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 山西普友气体净化有限公司 | A kind of innoxious use method of useless shaping desulfurizing agent |
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