CN101403796A - City ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method - Google Patents
City ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an analyzing and charting method of urban land water impermeability degree, which comprises the following steps: a chosen urban multispectral remote sensing image is segmented for the first time, object-oriented classification is carried out on image object layer which is produced, and classification-based fusion is performed on the classified layer, thereby obtaining image object layer in urban and non-urban distributing areas (S110); the remote sensing image is segmented for the second time to obtain an image object layer which indicates absolute construction unit of fully impermeable urban land, and object-oriented classification is carried out on the image object layer (S120); the remote sensing image is segmented for the third time to obtain an image object layer which indicates different land parcels in urban area, and object-oriented classification is carried out on the image object layer with combination of characteristic information of the first and the second classification of the segmented image object layer (S130); after the image object layer segmented for the third time is classified, a result picture is output, thereby obtaining a result picture that urban land parcels are classified by water impermeability degree (S140).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method, belong to urban development planning, city mapping drawing and urban remote sensing technical applications.
Background technology
Well-known city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing is of crucial importance for understanding city status of development, formulation city future plan, evaluation urban area circumstance quality and inhabitation suitability.Current, two kinds of methods are adopted in the city ground impermeability degree drawing.A kind of is remote sensing visual interpretation drafting method, and this method at first will be determined the city scope of analyzing, the watertightness ground, various city of sketching of classifying in the city then, as the road surface, buildings, parking lot or the like, and water permeability ground, as meadow, forest land, water body or the like.And then, provide the ground impermeability degree analyzing report by plot, different city according to the pixel space resolution and the shared total area in watertightness ground of sketching.This method mainly is to be interpreted as the master with artificial visual, wastes time and energy, and the cost height, efficient is low.Another kind is based on the classification of remote-sensing images method of pixel, because city complex structure, the different spectrum of jljl, foreign matter are with composing, block mutually and the shade influence, and based on method ubiquitous " spiced salt " the effect adverse effect of pixel classification, the practical application of this kind method seldom in addition.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned technical matters, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method that utilizes remote sensing image.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
City ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method involved in the present invention comprises the steps:
Step 1, the city multispectral remote sensing image that chooses is carried out cutting apart the first time, the imaged object layer that generates is carried out OO classification, and then on the layer of classification, carry out fusion, thereby obtain the imaged object layer of city and non-city distribution range based on classification;
Step 2 carries out cutting apart the second time to city multispectral remote sensing image, and acquisition can be represented the imaged object layer of absolute construction unit, complete watertightness ground, city, also the imaged object layer that generates is carried out OO classification;
Step 3, city multispectral remote sensing image is cut apart for the third time, acquisition can be represented the imaged object layer in different plot, city, characteristic information in conjunction with the first time and the image cutting object layer classification second time, the imaged object layer that can represent different plot, city that generates is for the third time carried out OO classification, classified by the size of impermeability degree in the plot, city;
Step 4, output promptly obtains the as a result figure of plot, city by the impermeability degree magnitude classification to the sorted figure as a result of image object layer segmented for the third time.
In above-mentioned city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method, in described step 1, described step 2 and described step 3, employing is with a kind of OO image partitioning algorithm of variable dimension parameter, generate three layer image object layers with three kinds of different yardsticks, i.e. city and the imaged object layer of non-city distribution range, the imaged object layer of expression absolute construction unit, complete watertightness ground, city, the imaged object layer in expression different plot, city.Wherein preferred, cut apart for the first time the employed size of the employed cut size of employed cut size＞cut apart for the third time＞cut apart the second time.
In addition, the object-oriented image partitioning algorithm of described variable dimension parameter preferably includes multiresolution partitioning algorithm and the mean shift segmentation algorithm that adopts in the easy health remote sensing images analysis software.
In above-mentioned city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method, in described step 3, the imaged object layer in different plot, the described expression city that generated described cutting apart for the third time carries out described OO minute time-like, adopt OO fuzzy classification device to classify, the characteristic information that the feature that this OO fuzzy classification device is utilized has comprised for the first time and the second time, image cutting object layer was classified.
In above-mentioned city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method, in described step 1, cut apart the spectral signature (spectrum similarity) that is based on pixel the described first time and carry out the process of unsupervised classification, and carry out class merging, promptly described fusion again based on unsupervised classification.
In addition, in above-mentioned city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method, the resolution of described multispectral remote sensing image is the pixel ground resolution of 1～30m scope, and the multi light spectrum hands of described multispectral remote sensing image should minimum data with red, green, blue, four wave bands of near infrared.
In the described step 4 of above-mentioned city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method, the size of described impermeability degree comprises 0%, 1-25%, 26-50%, 51-75%, 76-99%, 100%.
The present invention can extract city and computer classification division watertightness ground and water permeability ground from the remote sensing image classification, then according to the remote sensing image picture element ground resolution, calculate the area in complete watertightness ground classification and plot, city, place, obtain the impermeability degree on ground, plot, different city, obtain the impermeability degree analyzing figure in whole city at last.Of the present inventionly utilize remote sensing image to carry out city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method to compare with the artificial drafting method of remote sensing visual interpretation of current application, replace artificial vision's Digital Extraction with Computer Automatic Extraction, great amount of manpower and material resources and financial resources have been saved, efficient obviously improves, and can guarantee the precision of analyzing and drawing.
The city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method of the present invention flow process that possesses skills is simple, and speed is fast, and the efficient advantages of higher can substitute the current measuring method of using commonly used fully.Therefore, have practicality, have the bigger commercial value of applying.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) extracts city and automatic classifying and dividing watertightness ground and water permeability ground with computing machine, calculate the impermeability degree on ground, different plot, city, obtain the impermeability degree analyzing figure in whole city at last;
(2) compare with the artificial drafting method of remote sensing visual interpretation of current application, saved great amount of manpower and material resources and financial resources, efficient obviously improves;
(3) the man-machine interactively operation significantly reduces, and has improved automaticity greatly;
(4) can guarantee the precision of analyzing and drawing.
Description of drawings
When considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by the reference following detailed, can more completely understand the present invention better and learn wherein many attendant advantages easily, but accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitute the application's a part, illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute to improper qualification of the present invention, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is certain city multispectral remote sensing image true color composite diagram;
Fig. 3 is the city and the non-city classification chart of the large scale after merging, and wherein redness is depicted as the city, and blueness is a water body, and black is non-city.
Fig. 4 is the complete watertightness ground urban structure cell distribution figure of classification, and wherein redness is depicted as complete watertightness ground.
Fig. 5 is the different plot ground impermeability degree analyzing figure in city, and wherein different colors has been represented the size of city ground impermeability degree, is expressed as complete waterproof ground as redness, i.e. 100% waterproof ground.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method of first embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, may further comprise the steps:
The city multispectral image that chooses is carried out cutting apart the first time, the imaged object layer that generates is carried out OO classification, and then on the layer of classification, carry out, thereby the imaged object layer (S110) of acquisition city and non-city distribution range based on the fusion of classifying.
The city multispectral image is carried out cutting apart the second time, and acquisition can be represented the imaged object layer of absolute construction unit, complete watertightness ground, city, also the imaged object layer that generates is carried out OO classification (S120).
The city multispectral image is cut apart for the third time, acquisition can be represented the imaged object layer in different plot, city, characteristic information in conjunction with the first time and the image cutting object layer classification second time, the imaged object layer that can represent different plot, city that generates is for the third time carried out OO classification, the plot, city by the size of impermeability degree classify (S130).
Output promptly obtains the as a result figure (S140) of plot, city by the impermeability degree magnitude classification to the sorted figure as a result of image object layer segmented for the third time.
At first choose city adequate resolution multispectral remote sensing image, during adequate resolution of the present invention is meant and has or the remote sensing image of high pixel ground resolution, the multispectral remote sensing image of the pixel ground resolution of 1～30m scope is selected in suggestion for use.Wherein, multi light spectrum hands should minimum data with red, green, blue, four wave bands of near infrared be a principle.Here be example with certain city city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing, select remotely-sensed data road resource satellite multispectral remote sensing image commonly used (with 1-5 wave band and 7 wave bands wherein, need not the 6th wave band) to carry out.Fig. 2 is the city and the non-city classification chart of the large scale after merging, and wherein redness is depicted as the city, and blueness is a water body, and black is non-city, as shown in Figure 2, shows certain city multispectral remote sensing image true color composite diagram, and ground space resolution is 30m.
Then, adopt object-oriented image partitioning algorithm, generate three layer image object layers with three kinds of different yardsticks with a kind of variable dimension parameter.The preferred two kinds of variable dimension partitioning algorithms of the present invention: a kind of is the multiresolution partitioning algorithm that adopts as in the easy health remote sensing images analysis software (eCognition) of business software; Another kind is average drifting (Mean Shift) partitioning algorithm.Certainly the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned two kinds of variable dimension partitioning algorithms, and those of ordinary skill in the art also can select the better variable dimension partitioning algorithm of segmentation performance.
In step S110, based on the spectrum similarity multispectral image is carried out cutting apart the first time, the imaged object layer that generates is carried out OO classification, and then on the layer of classification, carry out fusion, thereby obtain the large scale imaged object layer of city and non-city distribution range based on classification.This is cut apart and can carry out class again based on unsupervised classification and merge for being interpreted as the process of carrying out cluster (unsupervised classification) based on the spectral signature of pixel, promptly merges.
In step S120, with suitable small scale multispectral image to be carried out cutting apart the second time, acquisition can be represented the imaged object layer of absolute construction unit, complete watertightness ground, city, also the imaged object layer that generates is carried out OO classification.The implication of suitable small scale is in this step: with the yardstick of the corresponding energy of the selected multispectral remote sensing image picture element ground resolution of handling perfect representation city 100% watertightness ground region.For with a kind of dividing method, the image picture element ground resolution is low more, and the scale parameter value of setting is more little; Otherwise it is big more.Fig. 4 is the complete watertightness ground urban structure cell distribution figure of classification, and as shown in Figure 4, wherein redness is depicted as city, complete watertightness ground.
In step S130, with suitable mesoscale multispectral image is cut apart for the third time, acquisition can be represented the imaged object layer in different plot, city, in conjunction with the characteristic information of image cutting object layer classification for the first time and for the second time, the imaged object layer in the difference plot, the city represented that generate is for the third time carried out OO classification, the plot, city is pressed the size (0% of impermeability degree, 1-25%, 26-50%, 51-75%, 76-99%, 100%) classify.In this step suitable mesoscale be with step S120 in small scale comparatively speaking, its implication is: with the selected multispectral remote sensing image picture element ground resolution corresponding yardstick of handling that can represent different plot, city ground region.Equally, for a kind of dividing method, the image picture element ground resolution is low more, and the scale parameter value of setting is more little; Otherwise it is big more.
Crucial part of the present invention is: the imaged object layer to the different plot, the city represented that generate for the third time carries out OO minute time-like, and the feature that the OO fuzzy classification device that is adopted is utilized has comprised for the first time and the characteristic information of image cutting object layer classification for the second time.Be exactly specifically, cutting apart, classify for the first time and merging the scope of the city of large scale in a big way of back acquisition as impermeability degree analyzing and drawing; Cutting apart for the second time and the imaged object region area of the absolute construction unit, complete watertightness ground, expression city of the back acquisition of classify is cut apart the foundation of plot, the city impermeability degree analyzing of acquisition for the third time as computational analysis.
Fig. 5 is the different plot ground impermeability degree analyzing figure in city, wherein different colors has been represented the size of city ground impermeability degree, for example, for ground, a certain city block object of cutting apart acquisition for the third time, if in this zone, plot, the imaged object zone total area of the absolute construction unit, complete watertightness ground, expression city that it is cut apart for the second time and the back of classifying obtains accounts for this zone, plot, city total area and is 81% some values of 76-99% scope (or belong to), and then the impermeability degree in this plot, city is categorized as " the waterproof ground of 76-99% ".The rest may be inferred, and impermeability degree classification, totally 6 classes are carried out in the plot, whole city of cutting apart acquisition for the third time.As shown in Figure 5, for example redness is expressed as complete waterproof ground, i.e. 100% waterproof ground, the waterproof ground of pink expression 76-99%, the waterproof ground of orange expression 51-75%, khaki is represented the waterproof ground of 26-50%, the waterproof ground of yellow expression 1-25%, and yellow green is represented 0% waterproof ground.
In step S140, output promptly obtains the as a result figure of plot, city by the impermeability degree magnitude classification to the sorted figure as a result of image object layer segmented for the third time.
Need to prove, the geographic mapping yardstick is a relative notion, the precision of the said assurance analyzing and drawing of city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method of the present invention is under the same geographic mapping yardstick, under the same remote sensing image data condition, for " the visual interpretation drawing analytical approach " and " based on pixel classification system map analysis method " of present application.Under different geographic mapping yardsticks, obviously, the plotting scale degree is big more, and precision is high more; Different pixel ground resolution remotely-sensed datas, resolution is high more, and its cartographic accuracy is high more.
The present invention can extract city and computer classification division watertightness ground and water permeability ground from the remote sensing image classification, then according to the remote sensing image picture element ground resolution, calculate the area in complete watertightness ground classification and plot, city, place, obtain the impermeability degree on ground, plot, different city, obtain the impermeability degree analyzing figure in whole city at last.Of the present inventionly utilize remote sensing image to carry out city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method to compare with the artificial drafting method of remote sensing visual interpretation of current application, replace artificial vision's Digital Extraction with Computer Automatic Extraction, great amount of manpower and material resources and financial resources have been saved, efficient obviously improves, and can guarantee the precision of analyzing and drawing.
The city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method of the present invention flow process that possesses skills is simple, and speed is fast, and the efficient advantages of higher can substitute the current measuring method of using commonly used fully.Therefore, have practicality, have the bigger commercial value of applying.
Should be pointed out that the above embodiment can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way.Therefore, although this instructions has been described in detail the present invention with reference to drawings and embodiments,, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that still and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of spirit of the present invention and technical spirit, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
Step 1, the city multispectral remote sensing image that chooses is carried out cutting apart the first time, and the imaged object layer that generates carried out OO classification, and then on the layer of classification, carry out fusion based on classification, thus obtain the imaged object layer of city and non-city distribution range;
Step 2 carries out cutting apart the second time to described city multispectral remote sensing image, obtains the imaged object layer of expression absolute construction unit, complete watertightness ground, city, also the imaged object layer that generates is carried out OO classification;
Step 3, described city multispectral remote sensing image is cut apart for the third time, obtain the imaged object layer in different plot, expression city, characteristic information in conjunction with the first time and the image cutting object layer classification second time, imaged object layer to the different plot, described expression city that generate for the third time carries out OO classification, is classified by the size of impermeability degree in the plot, city; And
Step 4, output promptly obtains the as a result figure of plot, city by the impermeability degree magnitude classification to the sorted figure as a result of described image object layer segmented for the third time.
2, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, described step 2 and described step 3, employing is with a kind of OO image partitioning algorithm of variable dimension parameter, generate three layer image object layers with three kinds of different yardsticks, promptly described city and the imaged object layer of non-city distribution range, the imaged object layer of absolute construction unit, complete watertightness ground, described expression city, the imaged object layer in different plot, described expression city.
3, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: in described step 3, the imaged object layer in different plot, the described expression city that generated described cutting apart for the third time carries out described OO minute time-like, adopts OO fuzzy classification device to classify.
4, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: cut apart for the first time the employed size of the employed cut size of employed cut size＞cut apart for the third time＞cut apart the second time.
5, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the object-oriented image partitioning algorithm of described variable dimension parameter comprises multiresolution partitioning algorithm and the mean shift segmentation algorithm that adopts in the easy health remote sensing images analysis software.
6, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the characteristic information that the characteristic of division that described OO fuzzy classification device is utilized comprises for the first time and the second time, image cutting object layer was classified.
7, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, cut apart the spectral signature that is based on pixel the described first time and carry out the process of unsupervised classification, and carry out class merging, promptly described fusion again based on unsupervised classification.
8, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the resolution of described multispectral remote sensing image is the pixel ground resolution of 1～30m scope.
9, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the multi light spectrum hands of described multispectral remote sensing image should minimum data with red, green, blue, four wave bands of near infrared.
10, city ground impermeability degree analyzing and drawing method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the size of described impermeability degree comprises 0%, 1-25%, 26-50%, 51-75%, 76-99%, 100% waterproof ground.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013093A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-04-13 | 南京大学 | High resolution remote sensing image segmentation method based on Gram-Schmidt fusion and locally excitatory globally inhibitory oscillator networks (LEGION) |
| CN102495412A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Multi-scale impervious surface information collaborative remote sensing inversion method |
| CN103679675A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Remote sensing image fusion method oriented to water quality quantitative remote sensing application |
| CN104359847A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-02-18 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method and device for acquiring centroid set used for representing typical water category |
| CN104657739A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Urban monitoring method and system |
| CN105225239A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-06 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | A kind of OO high score remote sensing image aquiclude extracting method |
| CN105469051A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-06 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Impervious layer detection-based city outer contour extraction method and device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102013093A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-04-13 | 南京大学 | High resolution remote sensing image segmentation method based on Gram-Schmidt fusion and locally excitatory globally inhibitory oscillator networks (LEGION) |
| CN102495412A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Multi-scale impervious surface information collaborative remote sensing inversion method |
| CN104657739A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-05-27 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Urban monitoring method and system |
| CN104657739B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2018-04-13 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | A kind of city monitoring method and system |
| CN103679675A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Remote sensing image fusion method oriented to water quality quantitative remote sensing application |
| CN103679675B (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2017-01-11 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Remote sensing image fusion method oriented to water quality quantitative remote sensing application |
| CN104359847A (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2015-02-18 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method and device for acquiring centroid set used for representing typical water category |
| CN104359847B (en) * | 2014-12-08 | 2017-02-22 | 中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 | Method and device for acquiring centroid set used for representing typical water category |
| CN105225239A (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2016-01-06 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | A kind of OO high score remote sensing image aquiclude extracting method |
| CN105469051A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-04-06 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Impervious layer detection-based city outer contour extraction method and device |
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