CN101402161A - Abrasive wear resistant weld deposit flux-cored wire - Google Patents
Abrasive wear resistant weld deposit flux-cored wire Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an overlaying welding agent core welding wire with abrasive wear resistance. A steel strip is wrapped with alloy powder and is subjected to drawing path by path and diameter reduction through a wire-drawing die to form the overlaying welding agent core welding wire, wherein the diameter of the overlaying welding agent core welding wire is between 2.4 and 3.2 mm; the length of the overlaying welding agent core welding wire is freely set; the steel strip is one of an SPCC steel strip, a 08A steel strip and a 08Al steel strip with width of between 18 and 22 mm and thickness of 0.45 and 0.6 mm; and the aluminum alloy powder is manufactured from waste steel and an alloying agent. The overlaying welding agent core welding wire is designed according to the composition requirement of overlaying welding metal; and compositions are fully homogenized in the smelting process of pulverization, thereby overcoming the disadvantages that the prior medicine powder for producing the overlaying welding agent core welding wire adopts a mechanical mixing process to easily cause unevenness of the compositions. The overlaying welding agent core welding wire uses the waste steel as one of raw materials of the overlaying welding agent core welding wire with abrasive wear resistance, fully utilizes contained alloy elements, improves the utilization rate of the alloy elements, reduces the cost for the overlaying welding agent core welding wire and achieves the aims of energy conversation and emission reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding material, relate in particular to flux-cored welding wire for overlaying welding of a kind of wear-resistant grinding abrasion and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, the best solution that improve the parts wearability, increases the service life is to prepare wearing layer at core piece surface cheap and that toughness plasticity is good.Technology such as built-up welding, thermal spraying, vapour deposition, plating are the common methods of preparation wearing layer.Built-up welding is simple because of technology, equipment investment is few, flexible operation, adaptation is wide is widely used.Because the adjustment of flux-cored wire composition is quite convenient, adopt the flux-cored wire built-up welding to become the most general technology thereby make.
Flux-cored wire is made of thin-wall steel tube and its inner mixed-powder of filling.The manufacturing process of flux-cored wire relates to the mixing of various powder, and mixed-powder is dosed in the metal sheath with definite shape subsequently, pulls to final size and coiling subsequently.
The composition of alloy or metal dust, proportioning, uniformity and filling rate have material impact to the processing performance of flux-cored wire, serviceability etc. in the medicine core.Flux-cored wire, particularly metal powder core solder wire institute medication powder all adopt the alloy that mixes or metal dust as medicinal powder.As the patent " high anticrack, wear-resistance, high-cr cast iron cored solder wire for huild-up welding " of publication number CN1775454A, its medicinal powder is that powder such as chromium carbide, vanadium iron, ferrosilicon, manganese metal, ferro-boron, ferrotianium, ferro-niobium, molybdenum-iron, almag are made.Publication number CN1562552A " a kind of hard-face alloy flux-cored wire material of nitrogen alloying ", its medicine core powder is mixed by alloyed powder and mineral powder, alloyed powder comprises high carbon ferro-chrome, low-carbon ferrochromium, rare earth silicon, almag, manganese metal, molybdenum-iron, vanadium iron, ferrotianium, metallic nickel, chromium nitride etc., need stir to guarantee the medicinal powder that mixes even repeatedly.Because powder proportion difference that medicinal powder adopted, during mixing heavy deposit to easily below, thereby have influence on the uniformity of medicinal powder, influence the quality and the stability of flux-cored wire the most at last.
Iron and steel enterprise is in producing the sheet material process, because the needs of scale approximately produce the wrench and the edges of boards of output of steel about 5%, the steel user also can produce a certain amount of leftover pieces.These wrench, edges of boards are many at present have been handled as steel scrap, have melt down, have be used for the widget manufacturing, melt down a large amount of scaling loss that cause alloying element, do not give full play to its composition, stable performance, the superiority that impurity content is few.
Raising along with iron and steel metallurgy enterprise equipment and smelting technique, the output of high-quality sheet material increases day by day, the wrench that produces in this class sheet material production process, edges of boards impurity (S, P, N, O etc.) content are lower, useful alloying element content is more and stable, meets the requirement of welding material with steel.Chemical composition (mass percent) as the DB590 steel is: C 0.067%, Si 0.305%, Mn 1.439%, P 0.019%, S 0.008%, Nb 0.041%, Cu 0.108%, Ti0.021%, B 0.0010%; The chemical composition of X70 steel (mass percent) is: C 0.06%, Si 0.25%, Mn 1.46%, P 0.012%, S 0.003%, Mo 0.22%, Ni 0.20%, Cu 0.22% (DB590 steel and X70 steel content see patent CN1152767C for details).
Patent of invention CN1947924A " a kind of method of utilizing offcut of steel plate to produce welding material " discloses the technology of utilizing offcut of steel plate to produce solid core welding wire.Patent of invention CN101015887A " filling metallic particles for overlay welding and preparation method thereof " discloses the technology of utilizing wrench, edges of boards, leftover pieces to produce the alloy for surfacing particle.Patent of invention CN101011783A " welding filling metallic particles for overlay and preparation method thereof " discloses the technology of utilizing wrench, edges of boards, leftover pieces production welding to use filling metallic particles for overlay.Above-mentioned patent is the correlation technique that self-produced steel scraps such as the wrench that utilizes iron and steel enterprise that proposes of applicant, edges of boards are produced welding material, but described welding material does not relate to flux-cored wire, the particle diameter of the alloying pellet of above patent preparation is 0.1～5.0mm, can't be used to produce the following flux-cored wire of diameter 3.2mm.Harshness day by day along with the component of machine applying working condition, the operating mode of abrasive wear is complicated more, as normal temperature, high temperature, corrosive environment etc., to low-cost, easy to use, production efficiency is high, the demand of excellent performance, the reliable wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored welding wire for overlaying welding of steady quality also increases day by day.
Summary of the invention
Adopt mechanical mixture technology at existing flux-cored wire institute medication powder, cause uneven components easily, be difficult to guarantee the shortcoming and defect of flux-cored wire quality, and the development and use problem of the self-produced steel scrap of iron and steel enterprise's high-quality (impurity content few, contain useful alloying element), the present invention proposes a kind of wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire and production method thereof.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: select impurity (S, P, the O etc.) steel scrap that content is lower, according to the chemical composition of selected steel scrap and according to the chemical composition index of desiring the alloyage powder, determine to add the kind and the quantity of alloying constituent, adopt medium frequency induction melting furnace that it is fused into molten steel then, and above-mentioned molten steel is made the alloyed powder that can satisfy the requirement of deposited metal composition.With existing flux-cored wire production equipment, steel band is rolled into U-shaped, in U-shaped is poor, add alloyed powder again, U-lag is healed up, make the alloyed powder parcel wherein, obtain the flux-cored wire blank, touch by wire drawing, by road drawing, tube reducing, make its diameter reach 2.4mm～3.2mm at last blank, obtain final products.
The fusion process of powder process makes its composition homogenising fully, and be smelted into the powder of alloy, its fusing point is lower than the mechanical impurity of powder, the required heat of the flux-cored wire that fusing is made by above-mentioned alloyed powder reduces, thereby improved the deposition rate of flux-cored wire, reduced the dilution rate of mother metal.
The flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion of the present invention is touched by wire drawing by steel band parcel alloyed powder, makes by road drawing, tube reducing, and it is characterized in that: described flux-cored wire diameter is 2.4mm～3.2mm, and length is set arbitrarily; Described steel band is that width is that 18mm～22mm, thickness are one of SPCC, 08A, 08Al steel band of 0.45mm～0.6mm; The granularity of described alloyed powder is-80 orders～+ 300 orders, its chemical composition by percentage to the quality, C is 2.0%～5.2%, Cr is 12.0%～34.0%, Mn is 0.3%～2.0%, Si is 0.4%～2.5%, Ni is no more than 6.0%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 18.0%, B is no more than 3.8%, V is no more than 12.0%, N is no more than 0.5%, S less than 0.04%, P is less than 0.04%.
The effect of alloying element is as follows in the alloyed powder:
C has decisive influence to quantity, distribution and the performance of matrix, carbide, can significantly change hardness, intensity and the wearability of deposited metal;
The main solid solution of Cr is distributed in the carbide of other type on a small quantity in austenite and being enriched in the carbide of chromium;
The solid solution of V part is in austenite, and part forms carbide and is enriched in the carbide of chromium, has the effect of crystal grain thinning;
B is strong boride forming element, and the B of trace can significantly improve the quenching degree of steel, and Wear Resistance of Metal Materials is greatly improved;
The solid solution of Mo part is the effective element that improves quenching degree in matrix;
W has similar characteristic with Mo, and a part of solid solution improves quenching degree, the refine austenite dendritic crystal in matrix;
The unlimited solid solution of Ni is the main alloy element of stable austenite in austenite, does not form any type of carbide;
Mn has the effect that enlarges the austenite phase region, mainly plays deoxidation in alloyed powder, improves the transfer coefficient of other alloying elements;
The main solid solution of Si impels to form hard and crisp martensite and microfissure in matrix, mainly plays deoxidation in alloyed powder, improves the transfer coefficient of other alloying elements;
The same interstitial solute atom that is of N with C, and can both form second particle mutually with alloying elements such as V, Cr, Ti.C carries out alloying with the N instead of part, formation contains carbide, nitride, carbonitride composite ganoine phase deposited metal, the hardfacing alloy that overcomes carbide-containing hard phase only is when higher temperature is on active service, the diffusion of carbide particle generation carbon, cause carbide to decompose or the type transformation, the drawback of reduction of service life.
Above-mentioned alloyed powder allows to contain a certain amount of other elements that exist as impurity except the alloying element of above requirement, its content is principle with the performance that does not influence deposited metal.
Wherein: described alloyed powder is made by steel scrap and alloying constituent, and its preparation method is:
(1) selection of steel scrap: the steel scrap chemical composition by percentage to the quality, S less than 0.035%, P is less than 0.035%, other chemical compositions should satisfy that C is 0.05%～2.0%, Mn is 0.2%～2.0%, Si is 0.05%～2.5%, Cr is no more than 20%, Ni is no more than 6.0%, Mo is no more than 3.5%, W is no more than 15.0%, B is no more than 1.8%, V is no more than 2.2%, and N is no more than 0.5%;
(2), determine to add the kind and the quantity of alloying constituent according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1) according to the chemical composition index of desiring the alloyage powder;
(3) steel scrap that step (1) is selected is put into medium frequency induction melting furnace and it is melted with the shortest time with the power of induction furnace maximum, fusing back refining 5～8 minutes, then behind the ratio adding aluminium deoxidation in molten steel 0.5 kg aluminium per ton, according to step (2) determine add alloying constituent kind and quantity add alloying constituent successively, treat its melt fully after refining 5～12 minutes again;
(4) molten steel (overheated 150～250 ℃) that step (3) is melted is poured in the bottom pour ladle under it, described bottom pour ladle is by the refractory material manufacturing, before pouring molten steel into, be baked to 580～620 ℃ earlier, bottom pour ladle is installed in the top that diameter is the atomizing bucket of 1.5～3.0m, the height of atomizing bucket is 3～6m, the atomizing bucket is provided with the steam vent that communicates with atmosphere, the bottom of atomizing bucket is with the circular cone batter, the height of circular cone is 0.5～1.0m, and the top of circular cone, promptly the bottommost of atomizing bucket is provided with the hole of closing and opening that diameter is 20～50mm; Top in the atomizing bucket is equipped with nozzle ring, and nozzle ring is made up of 12～24 equidistant small sircle holes, and the diameter of small sircle hole is 0.5～3.0mm, for current or air-flow ejection; The bottom pour ladle bottom is provided with the small opening that diameter is 6～12mm, molten steel freely falls along the nozzle ring central axis from small opening, forming a drift angle by the current of small sircle hole ejection or air-flow is that 40～60 ° water is bored or gas coning focuses on the free-falling steel flow, make the molten steel atomizing, the cooling water that the molten steel of atomizing falls into atomizing bucket bottom is frozen into powder, after atomizing finishes, open the hole of atomizing bucket bottom, collect the mixture of water and powder, by centrifugal dehydration, filter-press dehydration, drying, screening, choose-80 orders～+ 300 purpose powder and get alloyed powder.
Wherein: DB590 steel, X70 steel, Q345 steel or the 10CrMo910 steel discarded in preferred iron and steel enterprise of described steel scrap or the steel user production process.Described alloying constituent is one of graphite, ferrochrome, crome metal, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, metallic nickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, ferro-boron, vanadium iron, chromium nitride, VN alloy or part or all of.
Above-mentioned bottom pour ladle is poured preferred 590～610 ℃ of the preceding baking temperature of molten steel into.
Preferred 1.8～the 2.2m of the diameter of above-mentioned atomizing bucket, the preferred 4～5m of height of atomizing bucket, the preferred 0.6～0.8m of height of atomizing bucket bottom batter circular cone, the preferred 30～40mm of diameter of atomizing bucket bottom opening.
Preferred 4～the 12MPa of the hydraulic pressure of above-mentioned current, air-flow preferred nitrogen air-flow, the preferred 0.3～0.8MPa of the air pressure of air-flow.
Above-mentioned water awl or gas coning focus point are to the preferred 0.8～1.5m of distance of the cooling water surface.
Above-mentioned dried alloyed powder can reduce processing as required, and reduction is carried out in-40 ℃ the hydrogen at dew point, and reduction temperature is 950～1100 ℃, preferred 980～1050 ℃.
The preparation method of the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion of the present invention comprises and produces alloyed powder, two links of manufacturing flux-cored wire, and step is as follows:
(1) selection of steel scrap: the steel scrap chemical composition by percentage to the quality, S less than 0.035%, P is less than 0.035%, other chemical compositions should satisfy that C is 0.05%～2.0%, Mn is 0.2%～2.0%, Si is 0.05%～2.5%, Cr is no more than 20%, Ni is no more than 6.0%, Mo is no more than 3.5%, W is no more than 15.0%, B is no more than 1.8%, V is no more than 2.2%, and N is no more than 0.5%;
(2), determine to add the kind and the quantity of alloying constituent according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1) according to the chemical composition index of desiring the alloyage powder;
(3) steel scrap that step (1) is selected is put into medium frequency induction melting furnace and it is melted with the shortest time with the power of induction furnace maximum, fusing back refining 5～8 minutes, then behind the ratio adding aluminium deoxidation in molten steel 0.5 kg aluminium per ton, according to step (2) determine add alloying constituent kind and quantity add alloying constituent successively, treat its melt fully after refining 5～12 minutes again;
(4) molten steel (overheated 150～250 ℃) that step (3) is melted is poured in the bottom pour ladle under it, described bottom pour ladle is by the refractory material manufacturing, before pouring molten steel into, be baked to 580～620 ℃ earlier, bottom pour ladle is installed in the top that diameter is the atomizing bucket of 1.5～3.0m, the height of atomizing bucket is 3～6m, the atomizing bucket is provided with the steam vent that communicates with atmosphere, the bottom of atomizing bucket is with the circular cone batter, the height of circular cone is 0.5～1.0m, and the top of circular cone, promptly the bottommost of atomizing bucket is provided with the hole of closing and opening that diameter is 20～50mm; Top in the atomizing bucket is equipped with nozzle ring, and nozzle ring is made up of 12～24 equidistant small sircle holes, and the diameter of small sircle hole is 0.5～3.0mm, for current or air-flow ejection; The bottom pour ladle bottom is provided with the small opening that diameter is 6～12mm, molten steel freely falls along the nozzle ring central axis from small opening, by the hydraulic pressure of small sircle hole ejection is that to form a drift angle be that 40～60 ° water is bored or gas coning focuses on the free-falling steel flow for the current of 4MPa～12MPa or air-flow that air pressure is 0.3MPa～0.8MPa, make the molten steel atomizing, the cooling water that the molten steel of atomizing falls into atomizing bucket bottom is frozen into powder, after atomizing finishes, open the hole of atomizing bucket bottom, collect the mixture of water and powder, by centrifugal dehydration, filter-press dehydration, dry, screening is chosen-80 orders～+ 300 purpose powder and is obtained alloyed powder;
(5) with existing flux-cored wire production equipment, 16～25mm is wide, that 0.4～0.9mm is thick steel band is rolled into U-shaped, adds the alloyed powder that step (4) is made again in U-shaped is poor, and filling rate (ratio of medicinal powder quality and flux-cored wire quality) is 30～50%;
(6) U-lag is healed up, make the alloyed powder parcel wherein, the overlap joint connected mode is adopted at the position that heals up, and the width of overlap is 0.3mm～1.5mm; Touch by wire drawing,, make its diameter reach 2.4mm～3.2mm at last, obtain final products by road drawing, tube reducing.
Among the above-mentioned flux-cored wire preparation method, the heal up preferred 0.4mm～1.0mm of width of position overlap of step (6).
The quality of above-mentioned simple metal and ferroalloy is carried out with following country and industry standard:
Ferromanganese GB/T3795-2006, ferrosilicon GB2272-1987, ferrochrome GB 5683-1987, crome metal GB 3211-87, vanadium iron GB 4139-2004, molybdenum-iron GB3649-1987, ferrotungsten GB/T3648-1996, ferro-boron GB/T 5682-1995, nickel and nickel alloy plate GB/T2054-2005 do not have the country and the execution manufacturing enterprise standard of industry standard.
The flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion of the present invention and preparation have following positive effect:
(1) produces of the composition requirement design of the alloyed powder of wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire according to deposited metal, the fusion process of powder process makes its composition even fully, overcome present flux-cored wire and produced medication powder employing mechanical mixture technology, caused the drawback of uneven components easily.
(2) only adopt a kind of medicinal powder of the present invention just can produce flux-cored wire, saved currently used powder mixing machine technology,, be convenient to the production operation of flux-cored wire the specification requirement reduction of flux-cored wire production line powder feeding machine structure.
(3) medicinal powder of the present invention is the alloyed powder that satisfies the requirement of deposited metal composition, its fusing point is lower than the mechanical impurity of powder, the required heat of the flux-cored wire that fusing is made by medicinal powder of the present invention reduces, thereby can improve the deposition rate of flux-cored wire, reduces the dilution rate of mother metal.
(4) the used raw material of the wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire of this patent source is wide, makes the steel scrap resource obtain more fully reasonable use, and used alloying constituent is block, and cost is well below corresponding powder.
(5) the present invention as one of raw material of wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire, has made full use of contained alloying element with steel scrap, has improved the utilization rate of alloying element, has reduced the cost of flux-cored wire, has reached purpose energy-conservation, that reduce discharging.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: utilize steel scrap and ferroalloy to produce alloyed powder, making diameter with this alloyed powder is the wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire of 2.4mm, and the hardness of single-layer surfacing metal requires more than the HRC50.
Deposited metal adopts the Fe-Cr-C-B-V alloy system, and the content (quality %) of flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element is 2.0～2.5%C, 12～18%Cr, 1.0～1.3%V, 0.6～0.8%B.
The preparation method of wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire comprises and produces alloyed powder, two links of manufacturing flux-cored wire, and step is as follows:
(1) selection of steel scrap: require to select the Q345 steel scrap for use according to the antifriction alloy composition Design, its main chemical compositions (quality %) is: 0.18%C, 1.42%Mn, 0.36%Si, 0.017%S, 0.015%P.
(2) according to the design objective of flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element content,, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected Q345 steel scrap of step (1):
The high carbon ferro-chrome of furnace charge gross mass 60% (containing 60%Cr, 6%C, 2.5%Si), 8% crome metal (containing 98%Cr), 3% graphite, 10% ferro-boron (containing 20%B, 0.5%C, 4%Si).
(3) steel scrap that step (1) is selected is put into medium frequency induction melting furnace and it is melted with the shortest time with the power of induction furnace maximum, fusing back refining 6 minutes, then behind the ratio adding aluminium deoxidation in molten steel 0.5 kg aluminium per ton, high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, graphite that step (2) is selected add in the medium frequency induction melting furnace successively, treat its melt fully after refining 8 minutes again.Ferro-boron is put into ladle, adopts molten steel to add towards the bag method.
(4) molten steel (overheated 200 ℃) that step (3) is melted is poured in the bottom pour ladle under it, described bottom pour ladle is by the refractory material manufacturing, before pouring molten steel into, be baked to 600 ℃ earlier, bottom pour ladle is installed in the top that diameter is the atomizing bucket of 1.8m, the height of atomizing bucket is 4.5m, and the atomizing bucket is provided with the steam vent that communicates with atmosphere, and the bottom of atomizing bucket is with the circular cone batter, the height of circular cone is 0.6m, and the top of circular cone, promptly the bottommost of atomizing bucket is provided with the hole of closing and opening that diameter is 35mm; Top in the atomizing bucket is equipped with nozzle ring, and nozzle ring is made up of 16 equidistant small sircle holes, and the diameter of small sircle hole is 1.2mm, sprays for current; The bottom pour ladle bottom is provided with the small opening that diameter is 9mm, molten steel freely falls along the nozzle ring central axis from small opening, by the hydraulic pressure of small sircle hole ejection is that to form a drift angle be that 46 ° water is bored and focused on the free-falling steel flow for the current of 7MPa, make the molten steel atomizing, the cooling water that the molten steel of atomizing falls into atomizing bucket bottom is frozen into powder, described focus point is 1.0m to the distance of the cooling water surface, after atomizing finishes, open the hole of atomizing bucket bottom, collect the mixture of water and powder, by centrifugal dehydration, filter-press dehydration, dry, screening is chosen-80 orders～+ 300 purpose powder and is got alloyed powder.
(5) select for use 0.5mm thick, the SPCC steel band that 18mm is wide is rolled into U-shaped with existing flux-cored wire production equipment with above-mentioned steel band, adds the alloyed powder that step (4) is made again in U-shaped is poor, and filling rate (ratio of medicinal powder quality and flux-cored wire quality) is 40%;
(6) U-lag is healed up, make the alloyed powder parcel wherein, the overlap joint connected mode is adopted at the position that heals up, and the width of overlap is 0.4mm, obtains the blank that diameter is 5.3mm.Touch by wire drawing,, make its diameter reach 2.4mm, obtain final products through 4.7mm, 4.1mm, 3.6mm, 3.1mm, 2.7mm, the drawing of 2.4mm passage, tube reducing.
Content (quality %) through chemical composition analysis flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element is 2.4%C, 16.5%Cr, 1.2%V, 0.7%B.Built-up welding on the Q345 steel plate, technology are that submerged-arc welding, solder flux are 260, single-layer surfacing, and wearing layer thickness is 4mm, and hardness reaches HRC53, and moulding is good.
Embodiment 2: deposited metal contains the wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire of composite ganoine phase.
It is the alloy system of base that deposited metal adopts Fe-Cr-C, adds multiple alloying element, so that form carbide composite ganoine phase in the deposited metal.The content (quality %) of flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element is 3.2～3.8%C, 1.4～1.8%Mn, 1.6～2.1%Si, 8.5～10.0%Cr, 1.4～1.8%V, 0.5～0.7%B, 2.0～2.4%W, 1.0～1.2%Mo.Si wherein, Mn are at CO
2Mainly play deoxidation during gas shielded arc welding.
The preparation method of flux-cored wire comprises and produces alloyed powder, two links of manufacturing flux-cored wire, and step is as follows:
(1) selection of steel scrap: select the edges of boards of tensile strength 610MPa level low-carbon micro steel-alloy for use, its chemical composition is (quality %): 0.09%C, 1.47%Mn, 0.22%Si, 0.26%Ni, 0.18%Mo, 0.042%V, 0.016%Ti, 0.002%S, 0.007%P.
(2) according to the design objective of flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element content,, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1):
The high carbon ferro-chrome of furnace charge gross mass 8% (containing 60%Cr, 6%C, 2.5%Si), 20% crome metal (containing 98%Cr), 10% graphite, 7% ferro-boron (containing 20%B, 0.5%C, 4%Si), 8% vanadium iron (containing 50%V, 1.23%Si), 5% molybdenum-iron (containing 57%Mo), 8% ferrotungsten (containing 70%W, 1%Si, 0.4%C, 0.4%Mn), 6% 75# ferrosilicon (containing 75%Si, 0.7%Mn), 5% mid-carbon fe-mn (containing 78%Mn, 1%C, 2%Si).
(3) steel scrap that step (1) is selected is put into medium frequency induction melting furnace and it is melted with the shortest time with the power of induction furnace maximum, steel scrap is molten to be finished, add step (2) selected molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, fusing back refining 6 minutes changes step (4) over to behind the ratio adding aluminium deoxidation in molten steel 0.5 kg aluminium per ton then;
(4) step (2) is selected high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, graphite, vanadium iron, mid-carbon fe-mn, 75# ferrosilicon added in the medium frequency induction melting furnace in tapping in preceding 8 minutes, treat its melt fully after refining 8 minutes again.Ferro-boron is put into ladle, adopts molten steel to add towards the bag method.
(5) molten steel (overheated 200 ℃) that step (4) is melted is poured in the bottom pour ladle under it, described bottom pour ladle is by the refractory material manufacturing, before pouring molten steel into, be baked to 610 ℃ earlier, bottom pour ladle is installed in the top that diameter is the atomizing bucket of 2.0m, the height of atomizing bucket is 5.0m, and the atomizing bucket is provided with the steam vent that communicates with atmosphere, and the bottom of atomizing bucket is with the circular cone batter, the height of circular cone is 0.8m, and the top of circular cone, promptly the bottommost of atomizing bucket is provided with the hole of closing and opening that diameter is 40mm; Top in the atomizing bucket is equipped with nozzle ring, and nozzle ring is made up of 20 equidistant small sircle holes, and the diameter of small sircle hole is 1.2mm, sprays for current; The bottom pour ladle bottom is provided with the small opening that diameter is 10mm, molten steel freely falls along the nozzle ring central axis from small opening, by the hydraulic pressure of small sircle hole ejection is that to form a drift angle be that 50 ° water is bored and focused on the free-falling steel flow for the current of 10MPa, make the molten steel atomizing, the cooling water that the molten steel of atomizing falls into atomizing bucket bottom is frozen into powder, described focus point is 1.2m to the distance of the cooling water surface, after atomizing finishes, open the hole of atomizing bucket bottom, collect the mixture of water and powder, by centrifugal dehydration, filter-press dehydration, dry, screening is chosen-80 orders～+ 300 purpose powder and is got alloyed powder.
(6) select for use 0.45mm thick, the SPCC steel band that 18mm is wide is rolled into U-shaped with existing flux-cored wire production equipment with above-mentioned steel band, adds the alloyed powder that step (5) is made again in U-shaped is poor, and filling rate (ratio of medicinal powder quality and flux-cored wire quality) is 45%;
(7) U-lag is healed up, make the alloyed powder parcel wherein, the overlap joint connected mode is adopted at the position that heals up, and the width of overlap is 0.5mm, obtains the blank that diameter is 5.3mm.Touch by wire drawing,, make its diameter reach 3.2mm at last, obtain final products through 4.7mm, 4.1mm, 3.6mm, the drawing of 3.2mm passage, tube reducing.
Content (quality %) through chemical composition analysis flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element is 3.6%C, 1.6%Mn, 1.96%Si, 9.2%Cr, 1.6%V, 0.55%B, 2.2%W, 1.1%Mo.Adopt CO
2Gas Shielded welding, substrate are Q345, and welding current is that 320～380A, voltage are that 26～30V, built-up welding speed are 25cm/min, 3 layers of built-up welding, and interlayer temperature is controlled at 100～180 ℃.The hardness of deposited metal reaches HRC62, and moulding is good.
Embodiment 3: deposited metal contains the wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire of composite ganoine phase.
It is the alloy system of base that deposited metal adopts Fe-Cr-C, adds multiple alloying element, so that form multiple carbide, nitride, carbonitride composite ganoine phase in the deposited metal.The content (quality %) of flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element is 2.2～2.7%C, 1.2～1.4%Mn, 1.0～1.2%Si, 9.5～11.5%Cr, 1.5～1.8%V, 2.1～2.5%W, 0.9～1.2%Mo, 0.07～0.12%N.Si wherein, Mn are at CO
2Mainly play deoxidation during gas shielded arc welding.
The preparation method of wear-resistant grinding abrasion flux-cored wire comprises and produces alloyed powder, two links of manufacturing flux-cored wire, and step is as follows:
(1) selection of steel scrap: select the 10CrMo910 steel scrap for use (promptly
), its main chemical compositions (quality %) is: 0.12%C, 0.52%Mn, 0.40%Si, 2.2%Cr, 1.0%Mo, 0.022%S, 0.030%P.
(2) according to the design objective of flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element content,, determine that the kind and the quantity of interpolation alloy is as follows according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1):
The high carbon ferro-chrome of furnace charge gross mass 8% (containing 60%Cr, 6%C, 2.5%Si), 20% crome metal (containing 98%Cr), 6% graphite, 5% vanadium iron (containing 50%V, 1.23%Si), 4% molybdenum-iron (containing 57%Mo), 8% ferrotungsten (containing 70%W, 1%Si, 0.4%C, 0.4%Mn), 3% 75# ferrosilicon (containing 75%Si, 0.7%Mn), 4% mid-carbon fe-mn (containing 78%Mn, 1%C, 2%Si), 2% chromium nitride (containing 12%N, 80%Cr).
(3) steel scrap that step (1) is selected is put into medium frequency induction melting furnace and it is melted with the shortest time with the power of induction furnace maximum, steel scrap is molten to be finished, add step (2) selected molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, fusing back melting 7 minutes changes step (4) over to behind the ratio adding aluminium deoxidation in molten steel 0.5 kg aluminium per ton then;
(4) step (2) is selected high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, graphite, vanadium iron, mid-carbon fe-mn, 75# ferrosilicon, chromium nitride added in the medium frequency induction melting furnace in tapping in preceding 8 minutes, treat its melt fully after refining 6 minutes again.
(5) melted molten steel (overheated 200 ℃) is poured in the bottom pour ladle under it, described bottom pour ladle is baked to 600 ℃ before pouring molten steel into, bottom pour ladle is by the refractory material manufacturing, bottom pour ladle is installed in the top that diameter is the atomizing bucket of 1.8m, the height of atomizing bucket is 4.5m, the bottom of atomizing bucket is with the circular cone batter, and the height of circular cone is 0.6m, and the top of circular cone, promptly the bottom of atomizing bucket has the hole of closing and opening of 35mm.Nozzle ring is installed in the top in the atomizing bucket, has the steam vent that communicates with atmosphere on the atomizing bucket.
Diameter is arranged at the bottom pour ladle bottom is the small opening of 9mm, and molten steel freely falls along the nozzle ring central axis from small opening.Nozzle ring is made up of 16 equidistant small sircle holes, and the diameter of small sircle hole is 1.2mm, is that to form a drift angle be 52 ° gas coning for the nitrogen stream of 0.6MPa by the air pressure of small sircle hole ejection.
Nitrogen stream by the nozzle ring ejection focuses on by the free-falling steel flow of small opening, and makes molten steel atomizing, the molten steel of atomizing fall into the cooling water of atomizing bucket bottom, and focus point is 1.0m to the distance of the cooling water surface.After atomizing finishes, open the hole of atomizing bucket bottom, take out the mixture of water and powder, make flux-cored wire by choosing-80 orders～+ 300 purpose alloyed powders after centrifugal dehydration, filter-press dehydration, drying, the screening.
(6) select for use 0.45mm thick, the 08A steel band that 18mm is wide is rolled into U-shaped with existing flux-cored wire production equipment with above-mentioned steel band, adds the alloyed powder that step (5) is made again in U-shaped is poor, and filling rate (ratio of medicinal powder quality and flux-cored wire quality) is 47%.
(7) U-lag is healed up, make the alloyed powder parcel wherein, the overlap joint connected mode is adopted at the position that heals up, and the width of overlap is 0.5mm, obtains the blank that diameter is 5.3mm.Touch by wire drawing,, make its diameter reach 3.2mm at last, obtain final products through 4.7mm, 4.1mm, 3.6mm, the drawing of 3.2mm passage, tube reducing.
Content (quality %) through chemical composition analysis flux-cored wire deposited metal main alloy element is 2.54%C, 1.32%Mn, 1.16%Si, 10.8%Cr, 1.62%V, 2.4%W, 1.08%Mo, 0.097%N.Adopt CO
2Gas Shielded welding, substrate are Q345, and welding current is that 320～380A, voltage are that 26～30V, built-up welding speed are 26cm/min, 3 layers of built-up welding, and interlayer temperature is controlled at 100～180 ℃.The hardness of deposited metal reaches HRC64, and moulding is good.
Claims (10)
1. the flux-cored wire of a wear-resistant grinding abrasion is touched by wire drawing by steel band parcel alloyed powder, makes by road drawing, tube reducing, and it is characterized in that: described flux-cored wire diameter is 2.4mm～3.2mm, and length is set arbitrarily; Described steel band is that width is that 18～22mm, thickness are one of SPCC, 08A, 08Al steel band of 0.45～0.6mm; The granularity of described alloyed powder is-80 orders～+ 300 orders, its chemical composition by percentage to the quality, C is 2.0%～5.2%, Cr is 12.0%～34.0%, Mn is 0.3%～2.0%, Si is 0.4%～2.5%, Ni is no more than 6.0%, Mo is no more than 5.5%, W is no more than 18.0%, B is no more than 3.8%, V is no more than 12.0%, N is no more than 0.5%, S less than 0.04%, P is less than 0.04%.
2. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described alloyed powder is made by steel scrap and alloying constituent, and its preparation method is:
(1) selection of steel scrap: the steel scrap chemical composition by percentage to the quality, S less than 0.035%, P is less than 0.035%, other chemical compositions should satisfy that C is 0.05%～2.0%, Mn is 0.2%～2.0%, Si is 0.05%～2.5%, Cr is no more than 20%, Ni is no more than 6.0%, Mo is no more than 3.5%, W is no more than 15.0%, B is no more than 1.8%, V is no more than 2.2%, and N is no more than 0.5%;
(2), determine to add the kind and the quantity of alloying constituent according to the chemical composition of the selected steel scrap of step (1) according to the chemical composition index of desiring the alloyage powder;
(3) steel scrap that step (1) is selected is put into medium frequency induction melting furnace and it is melted with the shortest time with the power of induction furnace maximum, fusing back refining 5～8 minutes, then behind the ratio adding aluminium deoxidation in molten steel 0.5 kg aluminium per ton, according to step (2) determine add alloying constituent kind and quantity add alloying constituent successively, treat its melt fully after refining 5～12 minutes again;
(4) the melted molten steel of step (3) is poured in the bottom pour ladle under it, described bottom pour ladle is by the refractory material manufacturing, before pouring molten steel into, be baked to 580～620 ℃ earlier, bottom pour ladle is installed in the top that diameter is the atomizing bucket of 1.5～3.0m, the height of atomizing bucket is 3～6m, the atomizing bucket is provided with the steam vent that communicates with atmosphere, the bottom of atomizing bucket is with the circular cone batter, the height of circular cone is 0.5～1.0m, and the top of circular cone, promptly the bottommost of atomizing bucket is provided with the hole of closing and opening that diameter is 20～50mm; Top in the atomizing bucket is equipped with nozzle ring, and nozzle ring is made up of 12～24 equidistant small sircle holes, and the diameter of small sircle hole is 0.5～3.0mm, for current or air-flow ejection; The bottom pour ladle bottom is provided with the small opening that diameter is 6～12mm, molten steel freely falls along the nozzle ring central axis from small opening, forming a drift angle by the current of small sircle hole ejection or air-flow is that 40～60 ° water is bored or gas coning focuses on the free-falling steel flow, make the molten steel atomizing, the cooling water that the molten steel of atomizing falls into atomizing bucket bottom is frozen into powder, after atomizing finishes, open the hole of atomizing bucket bottom, collect the mixture of water and powder, by centrifugal dehydration, filter-press dehydration, drying, screening, choose-80 orders～+ 300 purpose powder and get alloyed powder.
3. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: discarded DB590 steel, X70 steel, Q345 steel or 10CrMo910 steel in described steel scrap selection iron and steel enterprise or the steel user production process.
4. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described alloying constituent is one of graphite, ferrochrome, crome metal, ferromanganese, ferrosilicon, metallic nickel, molybdenum-iron, ferrotungsten, ferro-boron, vanadium iron, chromium nitride, VN alloy or partly or entirely.
5. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: the baking temperature that described bottom pour ladle is poured into before the molten steel selects 590～610 ℃.
6. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described atomizing bucket selects 1.8～2.2m, the height of atomizing bucket selects 4～5m, and the height of atomizing bucket bottom batter circular cone is 0.6～0.8m, and the diameter of atomizing bucket bottom opening selects 30～40mm.
7. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the hydraulic pressure of described current is 4～12MPa, the air pressure of described air-flow is 0.3～0.8MPa.
8. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described water awl or gas coning focus point are 0.8～1.5m to the distance of cooling off the water surface.
9. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described dried alloyed powder is if need reduction to handle, and reduction is carried out in-40 ℃ the hydrogen at dew point, and reduction temperature is 950～1100 ℃.
10. the flux-cored wire of wear-resistant grinding abrasion as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described reduction temperature is 980～1050 ℃.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008101586490A CN101402161B (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2008-11-07 | Abrasive wear resistant weld deposit flux-cored wire |
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| CN101402161B CN101402161B (en) | 2010-10-13 |
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