CN101400100B - Mobile multicast routing optimizing method - Google Patents
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- CN101400100B CN101400100B CN2008102239774A CN200810223977A CN101400100B CN 101400100 B CN101400100 B CN 101400100B CN 2008102239774 A CN2008102239774 A CN 2008102239774A CN 200810223977 A CN200810223977 A CN 200810223977A CN 101400100 B CN101400100 B CN 101400100B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mobile multicast route optimization method, comprising: realizing multicast tunnel combined reconstruction multicast route optimization algorithm on hometown agents, constructing and maintaining mobile node lists, member lists and transmitting interface lists by the hometown agent. The method comprises that: the hometown agent initializes three lists, acquires mobile node information to generate mobile node list from binding buffer memory; the hometown agent intercepts bound update information and update the mobile node list, detects whether the mobile node with the same transmission address prefixing are present in the mobile node; the hometown agent detects whether a tunnel is present accessed to the router before the mobile node; the hometown agent stops uploading the multicast data between the mobile node and the hometown network if finding that the mobile node with the same prefixing is added to the same multicast group. The invention increases utilance of the network resource, reduces transmission cost of the mobile multicast method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mobile multicast technology of mobile Internet, be meant a kind of mobile multicast routing optimizing method especially.By on home agent, introduce Multicast Tunnel merge restructing algorithm optimize multicast path by, improve the multicast router efficiency.
Background technology
Mobile multicast is based on the development of mobile IP and multicast and comes, and it can provide critical services such as mobile video session.Mobile multicast need solve the problem of two aspects, and the one, group membership's relation management, the 2nd, group membership's mobile management.Group membership's relation management generally adopts IGMP IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) or multicast listener discovery MLD mistake! Do not find Reference source.Agreement realizes that group membership's mobile management then needs link layer such as IEEE802.11 and network layer such as mobile IP v 6 (Mobile IP) mistake! Do not find Reference source., subnet moves NEMO (NEtwork MObility) mistake! Do not find Reference source.Deng support.But, the problem mistake that their simple combination can not fundamentally solve mobile multicast and faced! Do not find Reference source.。At this problem, some mobile multicasting methods have appearred.These mobile multicasting methods provide the mobile multicast service by making up dynamic multicast forwarding path for mobile node.
At present, a document mistake! Do not find Reference source.Bidirectional tunnel BT (Bi-directionalTunnel) and two kinds of basic skills of long-range adding RS (Remote Subscription) have been proposed, but BT exists triangle route, additionally encapsulation and problem such as tunnel polymerization, and RS exists problems such as the slow and synchronization loss of multicast protocol convergence.Some improvement project mistakes have appearred successively subsequently! Do not find Reference source.As the MoM mistake! Do not find Reference source., the RBMoM mistake! Do not find Reference source., the MMA mistake! Do not find Reference source., the MMG mistake! Do not find Reference source.Deng, these schemes make up mobile multicast by different algorithms at field network and act on behalf of the deficiency of improving BT and RS method.Based on MLD agreement, mistakes such as C.Jelger! Do not find Reference source.Introduced the group state information that MLD hold message is used to safeguard mobile member.After mobile node MN (MobileNode) moved on to the other places, it obtained multicast packet by bidirectional tunnel BT (Bi-directional Tunneling) method earlier, and then initiated the multicast group adition process at field network.In case MN obtains multicast packet from the other places, then send MLD hold message to home agent HA (HomeAgent), preserve group membership's state of MN by HA, so that the next multicast data forwarding that continues when mobile.
Some are based on MIPv6, FMIPv6 (Fast MIPv6) mistake along with the development of mobile IP v 6! Do not find Reference source.And HMIPv6 (Hierarchical MIPv6) mistake! Do not find Reference source.Scheme occur in succession.FMIPv6 in advance for MN disposes new Care-of Address NCoA (New Care-of-Address), former and later two couple in routers between makes up tunnel simultaneously in conjunction with two layers of information, reduces to switch packet loss.HMIPv6 is by being provided with mobility anchor point MAP (Mobility Anchor Point) at field network, the partial function of sharing HA reduces the transmission of overall hand off signaling.But the mobile IP v 6 standard is not considered the support to multicast service at the beginning of design.Compare with mobile IPv 4, the tunnel (end points is respectively HA and MN) that it makes up has made things convenient for the transmission of unicast service, has but increased the difficulty that realizes efficient mobile multicast.
Based on FMIPv6, a document mistake! Do not find Reference source.Proposed M-FMIPv6 (FastMulticast Protocol for Mobile IPv6) method, it utilizes preceding couple in router PAR (Previous Access Router) that FMIPv6 sets up and the clean culture tunnel forwarding multicasting bag between the new couple in router NAR (New Access Router) in handoff procedure.After MN finishes the network layer switching and receives the MLD query messages of PAR transmission, MN will send the MLD report message to obtain the multicast packet of buffer memory by the tunnel.But because MN only just sends report message after receiving query messages, the multicast that has therefore increased adds delays time.Add time-delay, mistakes such as F.Xia in order to reduce! Do not find Reference source.Proposed multicast and switched MFH (Multicast FastHandover) scheme fast, by in switching initiation HI (Handover Initiate) message, increasing the multicast state information that the multicast information option writes down MN.This information passes to NAR by PAR, sets up the multicast forwarding state of MN in advance at NAR.After MN finished switching, PAR passed to MN with the multicast packet of buffer memory by the tunnel.This method has reduced multicast and has added time-delay, but it fails to solve the tunnel aggregation problem.For this reason, mistakes such as Georgios A.Leoleis! Do not find Reference source.M-FMIPv6/FTB (Fast MIPv6extensions for multicast handoversupport with flow tunneling and buffering) scheme has been proposed, for each multicast group is set up the tunnel.Simultaneously, this scheme is comprising multicast state information to support the fast multicast switching among the Binding Update FBU (Fast Binding Update) fast.At WLAN (wireless local area network) WLAN (Wireless LAN) environment, mistakes such as Sang-Seon! Do not find Reference source.The fast multicast handover scheme has been proposed, the new adding multicast access point is announced MAC (Media Access Control) address information and the multicast group information of all MN in the subnet between subnet, just the contiguous subnet of announcement joins multicast group before switching, and reduces multicast and adds time-delay.
Based on HMIPv6, mistakes such as Thomas Schmidt! Do not find Reference source.Propose a kind of seamless mobile multicast handover scheme, adopted mobility anchor point MAP multicast data transmission.When mobile, MN only to MAP registration reposition, does not change multicast transmit tree in the MAP territory.Between the territory, when mobile, make up the tunnel transmission multicast packet of MAP to on-link care-of address LCoA (Local Care-of-Address).But, therefore can cause loss of multicast data because MAP just creates after MN finishes two layers of switching and three layers of switching to the tunnel of new LCoA.For this reason, a document mistake! Do not find Reference source.Proposed a kind of layered mobile multicasting architecture of switching based on fast multicast, the little of masked nodes moved, improved the stability of multicast transmit tree trunk, utilized the fast multicast handover mechanism to shorten switching time simultaneously by the layered mobile multicasting management.
As can be seen from the above analysis, the subject matter that current mobile multicasting method exists is the router efficiency problem, comprises multicast path by not optimizing, and multicast path is slow by setting up, and multicast packet multilayer encapsulation etc. have had a strong impact on the performance of mobile multicast thus.
The technical scheme of prior art one
Lead the way by the mobile multicast algorithm MMROP mistake of optimizing! Do not find Reference source.Be on the basis of long-range adding method, to improve at the serious problem of packet drop that wherein exists, purpose is to make the scheme after the improvement can keep using in the long-range adding algorithm characteristics of optimum route, and the multicast packets that reduces when switching is to the full extent lost again.
MMROP has introduced tunneling mechanism in long-range adding algorithm.When mobile node switched, the multicast packets of losing in the time of will being switched by old agency added among the new agency, thereby had solved the problem of losing of multicast packets.MMROP need increase the list item relevant with multicast in the mobile management form of home agent and Foreign Agent.Mobile node, need send the request of IGMP/MLD report message to new Foreign Agent and add multicast group after moving to new link as the recipient of multicast group, and on behalf of mobile node, Foreign Agent join this multicast group then.Said process is identical with long-range adding algorithm, and different is that corresponding management performance be set up or be revised to new Foreign Agent need for this multicast group, mobile node is joined in the service list, and the temporary new multicast packets that receives is in buffer memory.Meanwhile, mobile node need check that the sequence number of multicast packets in the old and new's link is poor.If old sequence number is more than or equal to new sequence number, then mobile node sends leave group message to former mobile agent, and indicating the sequence number side-play amount simultaneously is zero; Otherwise mobile node indicates the side-play amount of multicast packets again when former mobile agent sends leave group message, and former mobile agent then replenishes this part multicast packets by the form in tunnel to new mobile agent.
The advantage of MMROP is to make the forward-path of mobile node multicast packets keep optimum, and MMROP has also solved switching packet loss problem simultaneously, and robustness is higher.In addition, MMROP also has simplicity and advantage of flexibility, and it only needs to expand the function of mobile agent in the mobile IP protocol, and need not to revise existing multicast routing protocol.
The shortcoming of prior art one
The shortcoming of MMROP is, based on long-range adding algorithm, but do not solve the problem that the multicast management expense is big in this algorithm, the multicast transmit tree renewal is frequent, especially when multicast packets sequence number difference in the old and new's link is big, the space that mobile agent and mobile node all need to open up increasing changes multicast packets into, and this is inappropriate to the limited relatively mobile node of resource.When a plurality of mobile nodes are moved simultaneously, also the tunnel aggregates problem can appear between the old and new's mobile agent.
The technical scheme of prior art two
Mobile multicast protocol RBMoM based on scope, its central idea is to seek the shortest forwarding route and frequently rebuilds compromise between the multicast tree, make multicast packets always can transmit, and need not to safeguarding the expense of multicast tree overspending with approaching optimum path.RBMoM selects a multicast home agent MHA (Multicast Home Agent) for each mobile node, is responsible for by the tunnel multicast packets being transmitted to the Foreign Agent of mobile node by it.Each mobile node can only have a MHA.The notion that RBMoM returns service is incorporated among the MHA, and MHA can only be the mobile node service in those foreign link in its service range, just need reselect MHA in case mobile node has left this service range, promptly continues MHA and switches.Therefore, MHA can the dynamic change along with the variation of positions of mobile nodes.In the time of initial, MHA is exactly a home agent.The MHA of mobile host changes according to the position dynamic of mobile host, and the home agent of mobile host is changeless, and MHA provides multicastapackets transmission service for mobile node, and home agent provides the unicast packet transmission service.
According to the division of different service ranges, bidirectional tunnel and long-range adding can be regarded as two kinds of special circumstances of RBMoM.When service range was 0, RBMoM was equal to long-range adding method, and the MHA of mobile host is exactly its Foreign Agent; When service range was infinity, RBMoM was equal to the bidirectional tunnel mode, and the MHA of mobile host is exactly its home agent, and remains unchanged always.
With respect to long-range adding and bidirectional tunnel method, RBMoM has reduced the frequency that multicast transmit tree upgrades, and has reduced the maintenance of multicast tree expense, makes multicast forwarding path more excellent relatively.
The shortcoming of prior art two
The RBMoM method exists the switching problem of MHA and switches the packet loss problem, and also there is defective in the selection to service range in addition, in case the service range selection is improper, this method just returns to bidirectional tunnel or long-range adding algorithm.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art and a kind of mobile multicast routing optimizing method is provided, at the route that existing mobile multicasting method exists when adopting the tunnel transmission multicast packet do not optimize, problem such as Multicast Tunnel polymerization, the present invention proposes a kind of mobile multicast routing optimizing method, in order to improve router efficiency in the existing mobile multicasting method, improve the multicast router efficiency.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
A kind of mobile multicast routing optimizing method realizes that on home agent Multicast Tunnel merges reconstruct multicast routing optimization algorithm, and home agent needs to make up and safeguard three information lists at least, i.e. mobile node tabulation, and group membership's tabulation and forwarding interface tabulation,
The mobile node tabulation, home agent obtains mobile node information from the banding cache of mobile IP, be index with the interface, home address, Care-of Address, the couple in router address information of record mobile node;
Group membership's tabulation, the multicast group information that record adds comprises group address, multicast pattern, multicast scope;
Forwarding interface is tabulated, and writes down the forwarding interface information of each group;
Multicast routing optimization method mainly is to adopt the tunnel to merge algorithm for reconstructing, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) three tabulations of home agent initialization, home agent obtains mobile node information from banding cache and generates the mobile node tabulation, obtains the multicast report message and generates group membership's tabulation and forwarding list from kernel;
(2) home agent is intercepted binding update messages and is upgraded the mobile node tabulation;
(3) home agent detects in the mobile node tabulation whether have the mobile node with same care-of address prefix, if exist the couple in router address and the inquiry of then writing down this mobile node to transmit, if do not exist, then forwards step 2 to;
(4) home agent detects the tunnel that whether has the current couple in router of mobile node, then forwards step 6 to if exist; Otherwise, inquire about current forwarding list;
(5) home agent is if find the mobile node with same prefix and joined identical multicast group, then makes up home agent to the tunnel of current couple in router and upgrade forwarding list, otherwise forwards step 2 to;
(6) home agent stops at multicast data transmission on the tunnel between mobile node and the home network.
Home agent is established to the tunnel of the current couple in router of non-moving node, acts on behalf of system of selection by certain and selects the function that some couple in routers substitute current couple in router.
The present invention has following advantage compared to existing technology: the present invention can effectively reduce the low problem of router efficiency that mobile multicasting method causes when adopting the tunnel transmission multicast packet, improve utilization rate of network resource, reduce the transport overhead of mobile multicasting method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) Multicast Tunnel converges problem, and mobile node has different home agent, and each mobile node is all set up the tunnel transmission multicast packet with the home agent of oneself;
Fig. 1 (b) Multicast Tunnel converges problem, sets up a plurality of tunnels at a plurality of mobile nodes and same home agent, transmits identical multicast packet;
Fig. 2 Multicast Tunnel merges algorithm for reconstructing.
Embodiment
The present invention program mainly merges reconstruct multicast routing optimization algorithm by introduce Multicast Tunnel on home agent, applicable to the mobile IPv 4 multicast of mobile IP v 6 multicast and use co-located care-of address.
When mobile multicasting method adopts the bidirectional tunnel multicast data transmission, if the mobile node of the same multicast group of a plurality of addings moves to same field network, and be linked into same couple in router, the tunnel aggregation problem can appear.At this moment, home agent makes up a plurality of tunnels to mobile node and sends identical multicast packet, thereby causes serious expense, influences the multicast router efficiency.According to the distribution of home agent, the tunnel aggregation problem in the mobile multicast can be divided into two kinds of situations, as shown in Figure 1.Under first kind of situation, mobile node has different home agent, each moves all and the home agent of oneself is set up the tunnel transmission multicast packet, thereby makes current couple in router to transmit many parts of identical multicast packets to mobile node, has reduced router efficiency.Under second kind of situation, set up a plurality of tunnels at a plurality of mobile nodes and same home agent, transmit identical multicast packet, make to have the data of many parts of same multicast group to current couple in router, thereby increased transport overhead from home agent.
On home agent, realized that by, the present invention a kind of Multicast Tunnel merges reconstruct multicast routing optimization algorithm, solves the tunnel aggregation problem in order to optimize multicast path.
In order to realize the object of the invention, home agent needs at least to make up and safeguards that three information lists are the mobile node tabulation, group membership's tabulation and forwarding interface tabulation.
The one, the mobile node tabulation, home agent obtains mobile node information from the banding cache of mobile IP, be index with the interface, information such as the home address of record mobile node, Care-of Address, couple in router address.The 2nd, the group membership tabulates, and the multicast group information that record adds comprises group address, multicast pattern, multicast scope or the like.The 3rd, forwarding interface information of each group or the like is write down in the forwarding interface tabulation.
Multicast routing optimization method of the present invention mainly is to adopt the tunnel to merge algorithm for reconstructing, and concrete steps as shown in Figure 2.
(1) three tabulations of home agent initialization.Home agent obtains mobile node information from banding cache and generates the mobile node tabulation, obtains the multicast report message and generates group membership's tabulation and forwarding list from kernel;
(2) home agent is intercepted binding update messages and is upgraded the mobile node tabulation;
(3) home agent detects in the mobile node tabulation whether have the mobile node with same care-of address prefix, if exist the couple in router address and the inquiry of then writing down this mobile node to transmit, if do not exist, then forwards step 2 to;
(4) home agent detects the tunnel that whether has the current couple in router of mobile node, then forwards step 6 to if exist; Otherwise, inquire about current forwarding list;
(5) home agent is if find the mobile node with same prefix and joined identical multicast group, then makes up home agent to the tunnel of current couple in router and upgrade forwarding list, otherwise forwards step 2 to;
(6) home agent stops at multicast data transmission on the tunnel between mobile node and the home network;
In order to reach the object of the invention, home agent also is established to the tunnel of the current couple in router of non-moving node, acts on behalf of system of selection by certain and selects the function that some couple in routers substitute current couple in router.
Claims (2)
1. mobile multicast routing optimizing method, it is characterized in that: realize that on home agent Multicast Tunnel merges reconstruct multicast routing optimization algorithm, home agent needs to make up and safeguard three information lists at least, i.e. mobile node tabulation, group membership's tabulation and forwarding interface tabulation
The mobile node tabulation, home agent obtains mobile node information from the banding cache of mobile IP, be index with the interface, home address, Care-of Address, the couple in router address information of record mobile node;
Group membership's tabulation, the multicast group information that record adds comprises group address, multicast pattern, multicast scope;
Forwarding interface is tabulated, and writes down the forwarding interface information of each group;
Multicast routing optimization method mainly is to adopt the tunnel to merge algorithm for reconstructing, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) three tabulations of home agent initialization, home agent obtains mobile node information from banding cache and generates the mobile node tabulation, obtains the multicast report message and generates group membership's tabulation and forwarding list from kernel;
(2) home agent is intercepted binding update messages and is upgraded the mobile node tabulation;
(3) home agent detects in the mobile node tabulation whether have the mobile node with same care-of address prefix, if having the couple in router address and the inquiry of then writing down the mobile node with same care-of address prefix transmits, if do not exist, then forward step 2 to;
(4) home agent detects the tunnel that whether has the current couple in router of mobile node, then forwards step 6 to if exist; Otherwise, inquire about current forwarding list;
(5) home agent is if find the mobile node with same care-of address prefix and joined identical multicast group, then makes up home agent to the tunnel of current couple in router and upgrade forwarding list, otherwise forwards step 2 to;
(6) home agent stops at multicast data transmission on the tunnel between mobile node and the home network.
2. a kind of mobile multicast routing optimizing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: home agent is established to the tunnel of the current couple in router of non-moving node, acts on behalf of system of selection by certain and selects the function that some couple in routers substitute current couple in router.
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| CN101635951B (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2012-07-04 | 杭州华三通信技术有限公司 | Data packet transmission method and data packet transmission device in mobile IP technology |
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| CN112437467A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-03-02 | 中国人民解放军61062部队 | Ad hoc network tunnel communication method without home agent |
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