CN101399589A - Multi-antenna pilot mapping method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-antenna pilot frequency mapping method by aiming at a second frame structure of a long-term evolution system. A base station sends control information to a mobile terminal by precoding according to a request of the terminal; the mobile terminal computes a channel matrix according to a resource block in the control information, and feeds the obtained channel information to the base station; the base station determine a multi-antenna processing mode used by the data channel according to the channel information, and sends the control information of the multi-antenna processing mode to the mobile terminal; the base station sends information of the data channel by the multi-antenna processing mode, and inserts the pilot frequency with a pilot frequency structure corresponding to the multi-antenna processing mode; and the mobile terminal estimates the control channel and the data channel by the multi-antenna processing mode and the corresponding pilot frequency structure, and finishes decoding of the received data. The method supports space division multiplexing of multi-beams and improves a cell throughput; and the base station smartly selects an MIMO mode used by the mobile terminal according to the condition of the channel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Long Term Evolution (Long term evolution is called for short LTE) system, specifically, relate to a kind of multi-antenna pilot mapping method in the LTE system.
Background technology
Wave beam forms can increase the sub-district covering, improves the link performance of Cell Edge User, but and the interference eliminated of implementation space, increase power system capacity, be one of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) mode main in the LTE wireless communication system.Fig. 1 shows the operation principle signal of LTE system transmitting terminal, user's information bit is through ovennodulation, the resource that modulation symbol and this UE (User Terminal) are assigned with should be set as the RB size of regulation, then after too much antenna processing, insert common pilot sequence according to the public guide frequency pattern, after doing the OFDM conversion then, launch from antenna for base station.After the UE termination is received signal, make the OFDM inverse transformation, extract public guide frequency according to pilot frequency design then, carry out the detection of received signal.
In the LTE system, public guide frequency is handled the back insertion at multi-antenna technology and is transmitted, and can only be used for the channel estimating of base station to the omnidirectional channel of portable terminal, and can not estimate the directed channel after wave beam forms.Be unable to estimate the emission value that wave beam forms according to public guide frequency, so can not finish the decoding that wave beam forms the back portable terminal.
Therefore determining to define dedicated pilot in the LTE49# meeting in frame structure 2, to support the application of beam-forming technology, the wave beam that inserts dedicated pilot forms systematic schematic diagram and sees shown in Figure 2.In the LTE50# meeting, formed following three kinds of comparatively main solutions:
Scheme 1: keep all public guide frequencies, increase dedicated pilot.The advantage of this scheme is the channel estimating quality that has guaranteed Common Control Channel, but newly-increased dedicated pilot causes expense too big.
Scheme 2: the pilot tone that keeps two OFDMs (OFDM) symbol is as public guide frequency, in order to the detection of Common Control Channel, and other replace with dedicated pilot.The advantage of this scheme is that expense is little than scheme 1, and the channel estimating quality of data channel is better than scheme 1, but because the less quantity of public guide frequency, so reduced the channel estimating quality of Common Control Channel,
Scheme 3: all public guide frequencies are all replaced with dedicated pilot.Because Common Control Channel need keep omnidirectional channel, be unsuitable for adopting wave beam to form, therefore this pilot frequency format covering and the data channel that how to solve Common Control Channel is consistent, and remains a key issue that needs to be resolved hurrily.
In scheme 1 and the scheme 2,, still insert some public guide frequencies, not only increased pilot-frequency expense, and, caused the waste of efficient resource improving performance without any help for the RB that does not contain control information (Resource Block Resource Block).The main thought of scheme 1 and scheme 2 is still to be used precoding as a kind of main MIMO technology, but wave beam is formed on the throughput that improves edge customer, special advantage is arranged on the implementation space is multiplexing, especially under tdd mode, the condition ratio of channel reciprocity is easier to possess, the open loop wave beam forms can reduce feedback overhead greatly, guarantees good systematic function.Therefore wave beam forms and become the MIMO technology that has his own strong points with the precoding performance advantage in second kind of frame structure.By compromise consideration,,, there is not the advantage on the performance so compare with scheme 3 because the pilot configuration of scheme 1 and scheme 2 will increase pilot-frequency expense undoubtedly greatly to expense and performance.
On the other hand, stipulate in the agreement that preceding 0～3 OFDM symbol of each Resource Block is as the control signaling.In order to guarantee that omnidirectional covers, Common Control Channel can't be used public guide frequency, then adopt the covering of the covering of the data channel that wave beam forms greater than control channel, the covering of interior each symbol of RB is with difference, enlarge covering even adopt power to strengthen (power boosting), also will make the operation of system become very complicated because of in a RB, changing transmitting power repeatedly, and, also can influence the performance of system greatly because chugging causes the distortion of two ends symbol.The covering that the mode of promptly using symbol to repeat improves control channel, the expense of controlling signaling on the one hand increases greatly, also is difficult to the covering that guarantees that control channel is stable.
In view of reducing expense and the covering of being convenient to unified control channel and data channel, the present invention is based on such scheme 3 and improve.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to be a kind of multi-antenna pilot mapping method need be provided, and is intended to the MIMO mode that the base station is selected portable terminal flexibly and adopted according to the condition of channel.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of multi-antenna pilot mapping method, at second kind of frame structure of long evolving system, comprising:
(1) base station receives the initial access request of portable terminal, and the mode by precoding sends control information to described portable terminal;
(2) portable terminal is given described base station according to the Resource Block calculating channel matrix in the described control information with the feedback of channel information that obtains;
(3) described base station is according to described channel information, and many antenna processing mode that the decision data channel adopts send to described portable terminal with the control information of described many antenna processing mode;
(4) described base station adopts described many antenna processing mode to send the information of data channel, and employing and the corresponding pilot configuration insertion of described many antenna processing mode pilot tone;
(5) described portable terminal carries out the channel estimating of control channel and data channel according to described many antenna processing mode and corresponding pilot configuration, finishes receiving the decoding of data.
Concrete pilot tone pattern such as Fig. 3,4, shown in 5,6, under many antenna processing mode MIMO of precoding pattern, pilot tone is inserted after many antenna processing, each road pilot tone is inserted at different antennas, solves the channel impulse response of each root antenna during reception according to pilot tone, and this pilot tone pattern has designed 4 tunnel pilot tones, handle by mapping, can also support situation greater than 4 antennas greater than 4 antennas; Under many antenna processing mode MIMO mode that wave beam forms, pilot tone was inserted before many antenna processing, carrying out wave beam together with data message forms, on the corresponding different wave beam of each road pilot tone, if employing simple beam, then only insert one tunnel pilot tone,, then insert the two-way pilot tone if adopt two wave beams.This pilot tone pattern is supported three wave beams at most.
Further, channel information described in the described step (2) comprises the parameter of described channel matrix.
Further, the parameter of described channel matrix comprises the order of described channel matrix.
Further, many antenna processing mode described in the step (3) comprise that precoding and wave beam form.
Further, described many antenna processing mode are all adopted after judging many antenna processing mode of described data channel employing in base station described in the step (3) in this time scheduling of resource.
Further, control information comprises control bit described in the step (3).
Further, the common channel of described long evolving system and multi-medium broadcast/group broadcast single frequency network business send in the Resource Block of precoding.
Further, described common channel comprises packet broadcast channel, Physical Control Format Indicator Channel and physics multileaving channel.
Further, the Resource Block of described precoding uses common pilot configuration, since 0 time slot continuous dispensing.
Further, greater than 4 situation, described precoding is to carry out precoding earlier according to 4 virtual-antennas earlier for antenna amount, then the result of 4 virtual-antenna precodings is mapped on 8 antennas or the more antennas.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) can support the space division multiplexing of multi-beam, improve cell throughout greatly;
(2) precoding under compatible various antenna mode and the scene and wave beam form;
(3) be convenient to the covering of unified control channel and data channel;
(4) different MIMO technology are reduced to minimum to the influence of portable terminal;
(5) support the self adaptation of multi-antenna technology to switch.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the operation principle schematic diagram that LTE system transmitting terminal inserts public guide frequency;
Fig. 2 is the operation principle schematic diagram that LTE system wave beam forms transmitting terminal insertion dedicated pilot under the MIMO mode;
The mapping mode of pilot tone when Fig. 3 is formed on short CP for wave beam;
The mapping mode of pilot tone when Fig. 4 is formed on long CP for wave beam;
Fig. 5 is the mapping mode of precoding pilot tone when weak point CP;
Fig. 6 is the mapping mode of precoding pilot tone when long CP;
Fig. 7 is the inventive method embodiment step schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For making the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Precoding and wave beam form two kinds of patterns as many antenna processing mode MIMO, and performance advantage has separately determined that the applicable situation of these two kinds of technology is different: precoding is fit to channel sequence greater than 1 situation, is suitable for the relatively abundanter occasion of multipath channel; Wave beam forms and is fit to the situation that channel sequence equals 1, and the energy that is suitable for through (LOS) footpath or main footpath is obviously greater than the energy of other multipaths.But their application conditions is not completely divided, and according to the difference of channel condition, user A may be fit to adopt precoding under Same Scene, and user B then may be fit to adopt wave beam to form.Therefore design a kind of flexibly, have more compatible pilot configuration, more help the advantage of the many antennas of performance under various channel conditions, improve the availability of frequency spectrum of E-UTRA system.In sum, the present invention proposes a kind of pilot design method of compatible two kinds of MIMO technology.
Bare bones of the present invention mainly comprises:
(1) when each user resources scheduling, base station (Base Station, be called for short BS) judge the type of its multi-antenna technology, and the antenna technology type informed portable terminal (User Equipment, be called for short UE), the RB that transmits and receives of this user adopts and the corresponding pilot configuration of its antenna technology type then.
(2) common channel such as packet broadcast channel (PBCH), Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (Physical Control Format Indicator Channel, be called for short PCFICH) and physics multileaving channel (Physical Multicast Channel, be called for short PMCH), and multi-medium broadcast/group broadcast (MBMS) single frequency network (MBMS Single Frequency Network, abbreviation MBSFN) business sends in the RB of precoding, and UE carries out neighbor cell measurement by the RB of precoding.
(3) RB of precoding uses common pilot configuration, and in order to guarantee the interpolation effect of public guide frequency among the precoding RB, it is since 0 time slot continuous dispensing.The common pilot configuration of precoding is seen Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.
(4) RB of wave beam formation removes public guide frequency, and only uses dedicated pilot, and the mapping method of its pilot tone and Resource Block is seen Fig. 5 and shown in Figure 6.
(5) among the RB of precoding, 1,2,3,4 antennas such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 definition.Under the situation greater than 4 antennas, carry out precoding earlier by 4 virtual-antennas, and then by other mapping mode, on the antenna of the signal map to 8 after the precoding of 4 virtual-antennas or other more antennas.Therefore for greater than 4 arrangement of antennas, precoding still routinely 4 antenna situations of pattern handle, like this can be so that the common pilot configuration of 4 antennas is still supported the precoding configuration greater than 4 antennas.
(6) among the RB that wave beam forms, the position of the pilot tone almost RB with precoding is identical, and just the characteristic that pilot tone is distinguished by antenna is replaced by the characteristic that pilot tone is distinguished by wave beam.Different UE uses different pilot demodulated received signals to realize space division multiplexing (SDMA).
Based on the basic fundamental main points of the invention described above, Fig. 7 has provided the step of the embodiment of the invention, comprising:
The present invention is directed to second kind of frame structure of LTE and designed the pilot configuration that a kind of compatible precoding and wave beam form, this pilot configuration forms the essentially identical pilot tone pattern of employing at precoding and wave beam, but the pilot tone of precoding is distinguished according to antenna, and the pilot tone that wave beam forms is distinguished according to wave beam.
In when precoding, the weight coefficient that the base station wave beam forms is by the UE decision, and the user is difficult to know the channel information of interference user, so can't suppress interference by downlink at the base station end effectively based on the method for precoding.If UE has only an antenna, realize very difficulty of MU-MIMO; This also is why sometimes MU-MIMO compares the main cause that there is no too big advantage with SU-MIMO.The base station was decided the weight coefficient of downlink wave beam in its sole discretion during wave beam formed, so have the not available interference rejection capability of precoding.Therefore, wave beam formation method is not only that than the advantage of method for precoding its weight coefficient quantization error is little, and is that it possesses the interference rejection capability that the latter does not possess, and can support the MU-MIMO mode effectively.
If pilot design is reasonable, adaptive beam can be supported plural wave beam, can realize SDMA and SU-MIMO, and for above-mentioned reasons, the performance of multi-beam space division multiplexing is better than method for precoding under the MU-MIMO situation.
The precoding of any antenna amount of pilot configuration support and antenna distance among the present invention greater than 4 precoding, by 4 piece virtual-antennas is carried out precoding earlier for the antenna for base station number, it is mapped on 8 antennas then.Therefore for greater than 8 arrangement of antennas, precoding still routinely 4 antenna situations of pattern handle, like this can be so that the common pilot configuration of 4 antennas is still supported the precoding configuration greater than 4 antennas.
Pilot configuration also supports the wave beam of any antenna amount and antenna distance to form among the present invention, supports that the maximum numbers of beams of space division multiplexing is 3.Do not form the Typical Disposition of using although big antenna distance is not a wave beam, eliminate the advantage that other users disturbed and improved greatly the edge customer link-quality in the time of can being formed on spatial reuse by wave beam easily, improve the throughput of sub-district greatly.
The pilot tone of second kind of frame structure down link and the mapping method of Physical Resource Block in the LTE system that the present invention proposes support wave beam to form and precoding is used in the LTE system flexible, compatiblely.Because control channel sends in different RB with the data channel that wave beam forms, can carry out power to whole RB increases, repeat to send or select lower order of modulation to enlarge the covering of control channel, the mode that in a RB, coexists with respect to public guide frequency and dedicated pilot, this pilot configuration is more convenient, carries out to better effects if the scheduling of power, coded system and modulation system.
Which kind of MIMO pattern no matter the present invention take, and only is that the complexity of base station has improved, but the method for operation of terminal is almost consistent, and the work of having saved code word selection and feedback thereof, so only many options can increase the complexity of UE hardly.
Pilot configuration of the present invention is reduced to minimum to the complexity of UE, the MIMO mode that BS can select UE flexibly and adopted according to the condition of channel, immediately inform the control bit of UE MIMO mode, then can in the RB of correspondence, adopt corresponding pilot frequency format emission or reception.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of multi-antenna pilot mapping method at second kind of frame structure of long evolving system, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) base station receives the initial access request of portable terminal, and the mode by precoding sends control information to described portable terminal;
(2) portable terminal is given described base station according to the Resource Block calculating channel matrix in the described control information with the feedback of channel information that obtains;
(3) described base station is according to described channel information, and many antenna processing mode that the decision data channel adopts send to described portable terminal with the control information of described many antenna processing mode;
(4) described base station adopts described many antenna processing mode to send the information of data channel, and employing and the corresponding pilot configuration insertion of described many antenna processing mode pilot tone;
(5) described portable terminal carries out the channel estimating of control channel and data channel according to described many antenna processing mode and corresponding pilot configuration, finishes receiving the decoding of data.
2, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, channel information comprises the parameter of described channel matrix described in the step (2).
3, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the parameter of described channel matrix comprises the order of described channel matrix.
4, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, many antenna processing mode described in the step (3) comprise that precoding and wave beam form.
5, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described many antenna processing mode are all adopted after judging many antenna processing mode of described data channel employing in base station described in the step (3) in this time scheduling of resource.
6, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, control information comprises control bit described in the step (3).
7, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the common channel of described long evolving system and multi-medium broadcast/group broadcast single frequency network business send in the Resource Block of precoding.
8, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described common channel comprises packet broadcast channel, Physical Control Format Indicator Channel and physics multileaving channel.
9, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the Resource Block of described precoding uses common pilot configuration, since 0 time slot continuous dispensing.
10, multi-antenna pilot mapping method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, greater than 4 situation, described precoding is to carry out precoding earlier according to 4 virtual-antennas earlier for antenna amount, then the result of 4 virtual-antenna precodings is mapped on 8 antennas or the many antennas.
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