CN101397604A - Dense alkali liquid leaching pre-desiliconisation method for bauxite - Google Patents
Dense alkali liquid leaching pre-desiliconisation method for bauxite Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940115440 aluminum sodium silicate Drugs 0.000 claims 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001648 diaspore Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCCZVLHHCNQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na][Si] Chemical compound [Na][Si] JCCZVLHHCNQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及铝土矿的高浓碱液浸取预脱硅方法，用该方法可以显著提高铝土矿品位，所得精矿可以用于拜尔法生产氧化铝工艺。本发明的高浓碱液浸取铝土矿预脱硅方法是在低于5个大气压下，优选为常压下，将铝土矿在高浓度碱液中进行浸出反应，控制初始碱浓度、温度、碱矿比、反应时间等条件，利用一水硬铝石和高岭石在不同反应条件下的溶解特性，预先脱除铝土矿中的主要杂质二氧化硅，实现铝土矿的预脱硅，提高中低品位铝土矿的铝硅比(A/S)；反应后浆液经液固分离，得到高品位精铝土矿，所得精铝土矿的铝硅比可以高达10以上。液相加入钠硅渣或赤泥废渣晶种搅拌结晶1～20小时，脱去其中大部分二氧化硅后，返回系统循环使用。The invention relates to a pre-desilication method for leaching and pre-desilication of bauxite with high-concentration alkali solution. The grade of bauxite can be significantly improved by using the method, and the obtained concentrate can be used in the Bayer process for producing alumina. The pre-desilication method for bauxite leaching by high-concentration alkali solution of the present invention is to carry out leaching reaction of bauxite in high-concentration alkali solution under less than 5 atmospheric pressure, preferably under normal pressure, and control the initial alkali concentration, Temperature, alkali-mineral ratio, reaction time and other conditions, using the dissolution characteristics of diaspore and kaolinite under different reaction conditions, pre-remove the main impurity silica in bauxite, and realize the pre-removal of bauxite Silicon, improve the aluminum-silicon ratio (A/S) of low- and medium-grade bauxite; after the reaction, the slurry is separated from liquid to solid to obtain high-grade refined bauxite, and the aluminum-silicon ratio of the obtained refined bauxite can be as high as 10 or more. Add sodium silica slag or red mud waste slag seed crystals to the liquid phase, stir and crystallize for 1 to 20 hours, remove most of the silicon dioxide, and return to the system for recycling.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及铝土矿的高浓碱液浸取预脱硅方法，用该方法可以显著提高铝土矿品位，所得精矿可以用于拜尔法生产氧化铝工艺。The invention relates to a pre-desilication method for leaching and pre-desilication of bauxite with high-concentration alkali solution. The grade of bauxite can be significantly improved by using the method, and the obtained concentrate can be used in the Bayer process for producing alumina.
背景技术 Background technique
氧化铝的工业生产方法主要有拜尔法、联合法和烧结法。不同的生产方法要求的铝土矿的品位不同，铝土矿的铝硅比(A/S)在氧化铝生产中是一项很重要的指标，它关系到设备的生产能力、氧化铝回收率和原材料消耗量等。拜尔法要求铝土矿的A/S大于8～10，联合法要求5～7，烧结法则可处理A/S为3.5～5.0的铝土矿。我国铝土矿98％以上是含硅量高的一水硬铝石型铝土矿，目前国内使用这种铝土矿进行氧化铝工业生产，一般采用烧结法或混联法生产工艺，相比拜尔法，这些工艺流程长、能耗大、成本高，且产出赤泥量多，对环境造成的影响比较严重。因此，预先脱除矿石中部分SiO2，提高铝土矿的铝硅比，不仅可以改善溶出与脱硅条件，而且有助于节省生产成本。与石灰拜尔法或选矿拜尔法相比，铝土矿预脱硅-拜尔法具有原料利用率高，介质可循环利用的特点。The industrial production methods of alumina mainly include Bayer method, combined method and sintering method. Different production methods require different grades of bauxite. The aluminum-silicon ratio (A/S) of bauxite is a very important indicator in alumina production. It is related to the production capacity of equipment and the recovery rate of alumina. and raw material consumption, etc. The Bayer method requires the A/S of bauxite to be greater than 8-10, the joint method requires 5-7, and the sintering method can process bauxite with an A/S of 3.5-5.0. More than 98% of my country's bauxite is diaspore type bauxite with high silicon content. At present, this kind of bauxite is used in the domestic production of alumina, generally using sintering method or hybrid production process. Compared with Bayer method, these processes are long, energy-intensive, costly, and produce a large amount of red mud, which has a serious impact on the environment. Therefore, pre-removing part of SiO 2 in the ore and increasing the aluminum-silicon ratio of bauxite can not only improve the dissolution and desiliconization conditions, but also help to save production costs. Compared with the lime Bayer method or the beneficiation Bayer method, the bauxite pre-desilication-Bayer method has the characteristics of high raw material utilization rate and recyclable medium.
但在传统拜尔法流程中，工艺碱液的浓度较低，用于预脱硅的效果难以达到对中低品位铝土矿预脱硅的要求。在铝土矿化学脱硅的研究中，主要应用NaOH浓度低于20wt％的稀碱溶液处理，常见的方法有焙烧—氢氧化钠溶出脱硅和氢氧化钠直接溶出—分选脱硅法，能耗较大，这些因素的存在均对工业应用提出了经济上的难题。However, in the traditional Bayer process, the concentration of process lye is low, and the effect of pre-desilication is difficult to meet the requirements for pre-desilication of low-grade bauxite. In the research of chemical desiliconization of bauxite, dilute alkali solution with NaOH concentration lower than 20wt% is mainly used for treatment. Common methods include roasting-sodium hydroxide dissolution desilication and sodium hydroxide direct dissolution-separation desilication method. High energy consumption, the existence of these factors have raised economic difficulties for industrial applications.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提出一种高浓碱液浸取铝土矿预脱硅方法，在短时间内脱除铝土矿内硅杂质，提高铝土矿铝硅比，效果显著。从而提高后续氧化铝生产中原料利用率，缩短工艺流程，降低生产能耗以及减少赤泥排放量等。为中低品位铝土矿的开发利用以及解决目前我国氧化铝生产流程复杂，能耗偏高的问题提出一条新途径。The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for pre-desilication of bauxite by leaching with high-concentration alkali solution, which can remove silicon impurities in bauxite in a short time and increase the ratio of aluminum to silicon in bauxite, and the effect is remarkable. In this way, the utilization rate of raw materials in subsequent alumina production can be improved, the process flow can be shortened, the energy consumption of production can be reduced, and the discharge of red mud can be reduced. A new approach is proposed for the development and utilization of medium and low-grade bauxite and to solve the problems of complex alumina production process and high energy consumption in my country.
本发明的高浓碱液浸取铝土矿预脱硅方法是在低于5个大气压下，优选为常压下，将铝土矿在高浓度碱液中进行浸出反应，控制初始碱浓度、温度、碱矿比、反应时间等条件，利用一水硬铝石和高岭石在不同反应条件下的溶解特性，预先脱除铝土矿中的主要杂质二氧化硅，实现铝土矿的预脱硅，提高中低品位铝土矿的铝硅比(A/S)；反应后浆液经液固分离，得到高品位精铝土矿，所得精铝土矿的铝硅比可以高达10以上。液相加入钠硅渣或赤泥废渣晶种搅拌结晶1～20小时，脱去其中大部分二氧化硅后，返回系统循环使用。The pre-desilication method for bauxite leaching by high-concentration alkali solution of the present invention is to carry out leaching reaction of bauxite in high-concentration alkali solution under less than 5 atmospheric pressure, preferably under normal pressure, and control the initial alkali concentration, Temperature, alkali-mineral ratio, reaction time and other conditions, using the dissolution characteristics of diaspore and kaolinite under different reaction conditions, pre-remove the main impurity silica in bauxite, and realize the pre-removal of bauxite Silicon, improve the aluminum-silicon ratio (A/S) of low- and medium-grade bauxite; after the reaction, the slurry is separated from liquid to solid to obtain high-grade refined bauxite, and the aluminum-silicon ratio of the obtained refined bauxite can be as high as 10 or more. Add sodium silica slag or red mud waste slag seed crystals to the liquid phase, stir and crystallize for 1 to 20 hours, remove most of the silicon dioxide, and return to the system for recycling.
本发明的高浓碱液浸取铝土矿预脱硅方法包括以下步骤：The pre-desilication method for bauxite leaching by high-concentration alkali solution of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1)在低于5个大气压的压力下，优选为常压下，将粉碎的铝土矿置于反应釜中的重量百分比浓度为20％～50％的NaOH溶液中进行浸出反应，其中铝土矿与NaOH溶液的重量份配比为1∶2～1∶5，同时进行搅拌，使铝土矿与NaOH溶液充分接触；控制反应体系的温度为100～160℃；反应完毕，经固液分离分别得到含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液及精铝土矿；通过控制反应温度、反应时间等，实现矿种目标组分的溶出以及与一水硬铝石的分离；1) Under a pressure lower than 5 atmospheres, preferably under normal pressure, place the pulverized bauxite in a NaOH solution with a concentration of 20% to 50% by weight in a reactor for leaching reaction, wherein the bauxite The weight ratio of ore and NaOH solution is 1:2-1:5, and stirring is carried out at the same time, so that the bauxite and NaOH solution are fully contacted; the temperature of the reaction system is controlled at 100-160°C; The alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate and the refined bauxite are obtained respectively; by controlling the reaction temperature and reaction time, etc., the dissolution of the target mineral components and the separation of the diaspore are realized;
2)向步骤1)得到的含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液中加入钠硅渣或赤泥废渣晶种进行碱液脱硅，形成硅铝酸钠，其中，钠硅渣或赤泥废渣晶种与含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液的重量份配比为1∶10～3∶10，于50～160℃结晶，脱除其中氧化硅含量后使溶液返回步骤1)循环使用，脱硅产物是硅铝酸钠。2) adding sodium silicate slag or red mud waste residue seed crystals to the alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate obtained in step 1) to desilicate the alkali solution to form sodium aluminosilicate, wherein the sodium silicate slag or red mud waste residue seed crystals The weight ratio of the alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate is 1:10 to 3:10, crystallize at 50 to 160°C, remove the silicon oxide content and return the solution to step 1) for recycling, and the desiliconization product is Sodium aluminosilicate.
所述的NaOH溶液的重量百分比浓度优选为30％～50％。The weight percent concentration of the NaOH solution is preferably 30%-50%.
所述的粉碎后的铝土矿的粒径是50～200目The particle size of the pulverized bauxite is 50-200 mesh
步骤1)体系的反应时间为5～30分钟。Step 1) The reaction time of the system is 5-30 minutes.
步骤2)于50～160℃结晶时间是1～20小时。Step 2) The crystallization time at 50-160° C. is 1-20 hours.
所得精铝土矿的铝硅比可以高达10以上，优选铝硅比是10～30。The aluminum-silicon ratio of the obtained refined bauxite can be as high as 10 or more, preferably the aluminum-silicon ratio is 10-30.
本发明提供的高浓碱液浸取铝土矿预脱硅方法与国内外现有铝土矿预脱硅方法相比较，具有如下明显优越性：Compared with the existing bauxite pre-desilication method at home and abroad, the high-concentration alkali solution leaching bauxite pre-desilication method provided by the present invention has the following obvious advantages:
(1)本发明与物理选矿脱硅法相比，摆脱了原料利用率低，产品品位难以保证的问题，氧化铝回收率达95％左右，所得精矿铝硅比可以高达10以上。(1) Compared with the physical beneficiation desiliconization method, the present invention gets rid of the problems of low utilization rate of raw materials and difficult guarantee of product grade, the recovery rate of alumina reaches about 95%, and the aluminum-silicon ratio of the obtained concentrate can be as high as 10 or more.
(2)本发明与其它化学选矿方法相比，不设焙烧，分选过程，设备投入减少，能耗大为降低；且不添加任何辅料，排渣量减少。(2) Compared with other chemical beneficiation methods, the present invention does not set roasting, sorting process, equipment investment is reduced, energy consumption is greatly reduced; and no auxiliary materials are added, and the amount of slag discharge is reduced.
(3)本发明为低于5个大气压下或常压下反应，蒸汽能耗低；且反应条件温和，工业实施可操作性强。处理后精铝土矿可直接用于拜尔法生产铝土矿工艺。(3) The present invention reacts under 5 atmospheric pressure or under normal pressure, and the steam energy consumption is low; and the reaction conditions are mild, and the industrial implementation is strong. Refined bauxite after treatment can be directly used in Bayer process to produce bauxite.
(4)本发明涉及铝土矿预脱硅过程反应控制时间仅为5～30分钟，在极短时间内迅速提高铝土矿品位，使铝土矿的铝硅比由3～7提高到10以上，氧化铝回收率达95％左右，在脱硅速度及反应时间上是一大突破。(4) The present invention relates to the bauxite pre-desilication process, the reaction control time is only 5-30 minutes, and the bauxite grade is rapidly improved in a very short time, so that the aluminum-silicon ratio of the bauxite is increased from 3-7 to 10 Above, the alumina recovery rate reaches about 95%, which is a major breakthrough in desiliconization speed and reaction time.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
实施例1.Example 1.
以河南铝土矿区某综合矿样作原料进行铝土矿预脱硅的处理，此河南铝土矿原料组成(wt％)如下：A comprehensive ore sample in Henan bauxite mining area is used as raw material for pre-desilication treatment of bauxite. The raw material composition (wt%) of Henan bauxite is as follows:
其处理步骤为：Its processing steps are:
1、将重量百分比浓度为40％的NaOH溶液于反应釜中升温至120℃，将120～200目的铝土矿与NaOH溶液混合，其重量份配比为铝土矿∶NaOH溶液＝1∶4。在常压下反应5分钟，得到主要含碱液、铝硅酸钠和精铝土矿的混合浆液，在100℃下保温过滤，分离得到含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液和精铝土矿。此时碱溶液中Al2O3含量为22.6g/L，SiO2含量为21.5g/L。1. The NaOH solution with a concentration of 40% by weight is heated up to 120°C in a reaction kettle, and 120-200 mesh bauxite is mixed with the NaOH solution, and the weight ratio is bauxite:NaOH solution=1:4 . React under normal pressure for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry mainly containing lye, sodium aluminosilicate and refined bauxite, heat-preserve and filter at 100°C, and separate the alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate and refined bauxite. At this time, the Al 2 O 3 content in the alkaline solution is 22.6 g/L, and the SiO 2 content is 21.5 g/L.
2、向含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液中加入赤泥废渣，其重量份配比为赤泥渣∶含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液＝1∶10，在60℃条件下结晶20小时，此时液相Al2O3含量降为7.5g/L，SiO2含量降为6.5g/L。脱除其中氧化硅含量后使溶液返回步骤1循环使用，脱硅产物是硅铝酸钠。2. Add red mud waste residue to the alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate, the proportion of which is red mud residue: alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate = 1:10, crystallize at 60°C for 20 hours, then When the liquid phase Al 2 O 3 content drops to 7.5g/L, the SiO 2 content drops to 6.5g/L. After the silicon oxide content is removed, the solution is returned to step 1 for recycling, and the desiliconized product is sodium aluminosilicate.
3、向步骤1所得精铝土矿中加少量稀NaOH溶液淋洗，烘干分析其铝硅比为20.2，属于高品位铝土矿。3. Add a small amount of dilute NaOH solution to the refined bauxite obtained in step 1 for rinsing, and dry it to analyze that the aluminum-silicon ratio is 20.2, which belongs to high-grade bauxite.
实施例2.Example 2.
以山西阳泉铝土矿作原料进行铝土矿预脱硅的处理，山西阳泉矿原料的组成(wt％)如下：Carry out the processing of bauxite pre-desilication with Shanxi Yangquan bauxite as raw material, the composition (wt%) of Shanxi Yangquan ore raw material is as follows:
其处理步骤为：Its processing steps are:
1、将重量百分比浓度为40％的NaOH溶液于反应釜中升温至120℃，将120～200目的铝土矿与NaOH溶液混合，其重量份配比为铝土矿∶NaOH溶液＝1∶4。在常压下反应5分钟，得到主要含碱液、铝硅酸钠和精铝土矿的混合浆液，在100℃下保温过滤，分离得到含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液和精铝土矿。此时碱溶液中Al2O3含量为21.6g/L，SiO2含量为20.9g/L。1. The NaOH solution with a concentration of 40% by weight is heated up to 120°C in a reaction kettle, and 120-200 mesh bauxite is mixed with the NaOH solution, and the weight ratio is bauxite:NaOH solution=1:4 . React under normal pressure for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry mainly containing lye, sodium aluminosilicate and refined bauxite, heat-preserve and filter at 100°C, and separate the alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate and refined bauxite. At this time, the Al 2 O 3 content in the alkaline solution is 21.6 g/L, and the SiO 2 content is 20.9 g/L.
2、向含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液中加入赤泥废渣，其重量份配比为赤泥渣：含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液＝1∶10，在60℃条件下结晶20小时，此时液相Al2O3含量降为5.0g/L，SiO2含量降为4.1g/L。脱除其中氧化硅含量后使溶液返回步骤1循环使用，脱硅产物是硅铝酸钠。2. Add red mud waste slag to the alkaline solution containing sodium aluminosilicate, the ratio of which is red mud slag:alkaline solution containing sodium aluminosilicate = 1:10, crystallize at 60°C for 20 hours, then When the liquid phase Al 2 O 3 content drops to 5.0g/L, the SiO 2 content drops to 4.1g/L. After the silicon oxide content is removed, the solution is returned to step 1 for recycling, and the desiliconized product is sodium aluminosilicate.
3、将步骤1所得精矿加少量稀NaOH溶液淋洗，烘干分析其铝硅比为15.7，为高品位精矿。3. Add a small amount of dilute NaOH solution to rinse the concentrate obtained in step 1, and dry it to analyze that the aluminum-silicon ratio is 15.7, which is a high-grade concentrate.
实施例3.Example 3.
1、利用实施例2所得到的脱除氧化硅含量后的溶液。将实施例2所得到的脱除氧化硅含量后的溶液加入到反应釜中进行循环使用，与120～200目的铝土矿混合，其重量份配比为铝土矿∶循环NaOH溶液(浓度为36.3wt％)＝1∶4。将反应温度升至120℃，在常压下反应5分钟，得到主要含碱液、铝硅酸钠和精铝土矿的混合浆液，在100℃下保温过滤，分离得到含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液和精矿。此时碱溶液中Al2O3含量为22.7g/L，SiO2含量为25.2g/L。1. Utilize the solution obtained in Example 2 after removing the silicon oxide content. The solution obtained in Example 2 after removing the silicon oxide content is added to the reactor for recycling, mixed with 120 to 200 mesh bauxite, and the proportioning by weight is bauxite: circulating NaOH solution (concentration is 36.3 wt%) = 1:4. Raise the reaction temperature to 120°C, and react under normal pressure for 5 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry mainly containing lye, sodium aluminosilicate and refined bauxite, and filter at 100°C to obtain sodium aluminosilicate. Alkaline solutions and concentrates. At this time, the Al 2 O 3 content in the alkaline solution is 22.7g/L, and the SiO 2 content is 25.2g/L.
2、向含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液中加入赤泥废渣，其重量份配比为赤泥渣：含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液＝1∶10，在60℃条件下结晶24小时，此时液相Al2O3含量降为6.3g/L，SiO2含量降为5.7g/L。脱除其中氧化硅含量后使溶液返回步骤1循环使用，脱硅产物是硅铝酸钠。2. Add red mud waste slag to the alkaline solution containing sodium aluminosilicate, the proportion of which is red mud slag:alkaline solution containing sodium aluminosilicate = 1:10, crystallize at 60°C for 24 hours, then When the liquid phase Al 2 O 3 content drops to 6.3g/L, the SiO 2 content drops to 5.7g/L. After the silicon oxide content is removed, the solution is returned to step 1 for recycling, and the desiliconized product is sodium aluminosilicate.
3、将步骤1所得精矿加少量稀NaOH溶液淋洗，烘干分析其铝硅比12.9，为高品位精矿。3. Add a small amount of dilute NaOH solution to rinse the concentrate obtained in step 1, and dry it to analyze that the aluminum-silicon ratio is 12.9, which is a high-grade concentrate.
实施例4.Example 4.
以广西平果矿作原料进行铝土矿预脱硅的处理，此广西平果铝土矿原料组成(wt％)如下：Use Guangxi Pingguo bauxite as raw material to carry out the treatment of bauxite pre-desiliconization. The raw material composition (wt%) of this Guangxi Pingguo bauxite is as follows:
其处理步骤为：Its processing steps are:
1、将重量百分比浓度为50％的NaOH溶液于反应釜中升温至135℃，将120～200目的铝土矿与NaOH溶液混合，其重量份配比为铝土矿∶NaOH溶液＝1∶5。在常压下反应8分钟，得到主要含碱液、铝硅酸钠和精铝土矿的混合浆液，在100℃下保温过滤，分离得到含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液和精铝土矿。此时碱溶液中Al2O3含量为17.6g/L，SiO2含量为16.5g/L。1. The NaOH solution with a concentration of 50% by weight is heated up to 135°C in a reaction kettle, and 120-200 mesh bauxite is mixed with the NaOH solution, and the weight ratio is bauxite:NaOH solution=1:5 . React under normal pressure for 8 minutes to obtain a mixed slurry mainly containing lye, sodium aluminosilicate and refined bauxite, heat-preserve and filter at 100°C, and separate the alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate and refined bauxite. At this time, the Al 2 O 3 content in the alkaline solution is 17.6g/L, and the SiO 2 content is 16.5g/L.
2、向含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液中加入赤泥废渣，其重量份配比为赤泥渣：含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液＝1∶10，在60℃条件下结晶20小时，此时液相Al2O3含量降为5.1g/L，SiO2含量降为4.4g/L。脱除其中氧化硅含量后使溶液返回步骤1循环使用，脱硅产物是硅铝酸钠。2. Add red mud waste slag to the alkaline solution containing sodium aluminosilicate, the ratio of which is red mud slag:alkaline solution containing sodium aluminosilicate = 1:10, crystallize at 60°C for 20 hours, then When the liquid phase Al 2 O 3 content drops to 5.1g/L, the SiO 2 content drops to 4.4g/L. After the silicon oxide content is removed, the solution is returned to step 1 for recycling, and the desiliconized product is sodium aluminosilicate.
3、将步骤1所得精矿加少量稀NaOH溶液淋洗，烘干分析其铝硅比为23.3，属于高品位铝土矿。3. Add a small amount of dilute NaOH solution to rinse the concentrate obtained in step 1, and dry it to analyze that the aluminum-silicon ratio is 23.3, which belongs to high-grade bauxite.
实施例5.Example 5.
以某山西铝土矿作原料进行铝土矿预脱硅的处理，铝土矿原料的组成(wt％)如下：Carry out the processing of bauxite pre-desilication with certain Shanxi bauxite as raw material, the composition (wt%) of bauxite raw material is as follows:
其处理步骤为：Its processing steps are:
1、将重量百分比浓度为40％的NaOH溶液与50～100目的铝土矿于密闭反应釜中混合，其重量份配比为铝土矿：NaOH溶液＝1∶4。升温至160℃，在低于4个大气压下反应5分钟，得到主要含碱液、铝硅酸钠和精矿的混合浆液，然后冷却至100℃下保温过滤，分离得到含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液和精铝土矿。此时碱溶液中Al2O3含量为22.8g/L，SiO2含量为23.1g/L。1. Mix NaOH solution with a concentration of 40% by weight and 50-100 mesh bauxite in a closed reaction kettle, and the proportion by weight is bauxite:NaOH solution=1:4. Raise the temperature to 160°C and react for 5 minutes at a pressure lower than 4 atmospheres to obtain a mixed slurry mainly containing lye, sodium aluminosilicate and concentrate, then cool to 100°C and filter while maintaining heat to separate and obtain sodium aluminosilicate Alkaline solution and refined bauxite. At this time, the Al 2 O 3 content in the alkaline solution is 22.8 g/L, and the SiO 2 content is 23.1 g/L.
2、向含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液中加入钠硅渣，其重量份配比为钠硅渣：含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液＝1∶10，在160℃条件下结晶1小时，此时液相Al2O3含量降为6.5g/L，SiO2含量降为4.5g/L。脱除其中氧化硅含量后使溶液返回步骤1循环使用，脱硅产物是硅铝酸钠。2. Add sodium silicon slag to the alkaline solution containing sodium aluminosilicate, the proportion of which is sodium silicon slag: alkaline solution containing sodium aluminosilicate = 1:10, crystallize at 160°C for 1 hour, then When the liquid phase Al 2 O 3 content drops to 6.5g/L, the SiO 2 content drops to 4.5g/L. After the silicon oxide content is removed, the solution is returned to step 1 for recycling, and the desiliconized product is sodium aluminosilicate.
3、将步骤1所得精矿加少量稀NaOH溶液淋洗，烘干分析其铝硅比30.7，为高品位精矿。3. Add a small amount of dilute NaOH solution to rinse the concentrate obtained in step 1, and dry it to analyze that the aluminum-silicon ratio is 30.7, which is a high-grade concentrate.
实施例6.Example 6.
以山西阳泉铝土矿作原料进行铝土矿预脱硅的处理，原料的组成同实施例2。Use Yangquan bauxite in Shanxi Province as raw material to carry out pre-desilication treatment of bauxite. The composition of the raw material is the same as in Example 2.
其处理步骤为：Its processing steps are:
1、将重量百分比浓度为20％的NaOH溶液与120～200目的铝土矿混合，于密闭反应釜中升温至140℃，其重量份配比为铝土矿∶NaOH溶液＝1∶5。在低于5个大气压下反应30分钟，得到主要含碱液、铝硅酸钠和精铝土矿的混合浆液，在60℃下保温过滤，分离得到含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液和精铝土矿。此时碱溶液中Al2O3含量为18.2g/L，SiO2含量为16.8g/L。1. Mix the NaOH solution with a concentration of 20% by weight and 120-200 mesh bauxite, and heat up to 140° C. in a closed reaction kettle, and the proportioning by weight is bauxite:NaOH solution=1:5. React for 30 minutes at a pressure lower than 5 atmospheres to obtain a mixed slurry mainly containing lye, sodium aluminosilicate and refined bauxite, keep it filtered at 60°C, and separate the alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate and refined aluminum Soil ore. At this time, the Al 2 O 3 content in the alkaline solution is 18.2 g/L, and the SiO 2 content is 16.8 g/L.
2、向含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液中加入赤泥废渣，其重量份配比为赤泥渣：含铝硅酸钠的碱溶液＝1∶10，在95℃条件下结晶5小时，此时液相Al2O3含量降为4.5g/L，SiO2含量降为3.2g/L。脱除其中氧化硅含量后使溶液返回步骤1循环使用，脱硅产物是硅铝酸钠。2. Add red mud waste residue to the alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate, the proportion of which is red mud residue: alkali solution containing sodium aluminosilicate = 1:10, crystallize at 95°C for 5 hours, then When the liquid phase Al 2 O 3 content drops to 4.5g/L, the SiO 2 content drops to 3.2g/L. After the silicon oxide content is removed, the solution is returned to step 1 for recycling, and the desiliconized product is sodium aluminosilicate.
3、将步骤1所得精矿加少量稀NaOH溶液淋洗，烘干分析其铝硅比为10.6，为高品位精矿。3. Add a small amount of dilute NaOH solution to rinse the concentrate obtained in step 1, and dry it to analyze that the aluminum-silicon ratio is 10.6, which is a high-grade concentrate.
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| CN101857256B (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2012-04-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for removing silicon dioxide from low-grade diaspore bauxite |
| CN102951667A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-06 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for desilicating sodium aluminate solution |
| CN105349797A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-02-24 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for carrying out pre-treatment desilication gold leaching of gold-containing tailings or cyanidation tailings |
| CN113716577A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-30 | 湖南绿脉环保科技股份有限公司 | Desiliconization method of kaolin-containing silicon-aluminum-containing raw material |
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| CN1147430C (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2004-04-28 | 中南工业大学 | Process for desiliconizing crude liquid obtained by sinter method |
| CN1240617C (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2006-02-08 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Normal pressure low temperature leaching production method for alumina |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101857256B (en) * | 2009-04-13 | 2012-04-25 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for removing silicon dioxide from low-grade diaspore bauxite |
| CN102951667A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-03-06 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for desilicating sodium aluminate solution |
| CN102951667B (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-06-11 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for desilicating sodium aluminate solution |
| CN105349797A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-02-24 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Method for carrying out pre-treatment desilication gold leaching of gold-containing tailings or cyanidation tailings |
| CN113716577A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-11-30 | 湖南绿脉环保科技股份有限公司 | Desiliconization method of kaolin-containing silicon-aluminum-containing raw material |
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