CN101392761A - Axial flow type electronic radiator fan - Google Patents

Axial flow type electronic radiator fan Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101392761A
CN101392761A CNA2008102172026A CN200810217202A CN101392761A CN 101392761 A CN101392761 A CN 101392761A CN A2008102172026 A CNA2008102172026 A CN A2008102172026A CN 200810217202 A CN200810217202 A CN 200810217202A CN 101392761 A CN101392761 A CN 101392761A
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blade
flabellum
fan
radiator fan
electronic radiator
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秦彪
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Abstract

The invention provides an electronic radiating fan. A fan blade (a fan blade and a straightener blade) adopts a multi-stage blade structure, or a single-stage blade structure of which the blades are axially cut into two sections or are arranged on a plurality of integral components, so as to improve the cascade solidity and the rated bending angle of the fan blade, avoid the eddy current loss caused by the air flow separation on the back of the blade, and improve the performances of the fan, such as wind amount, wind pressure, noise, size, and so on. However, the fan blade can also be manufactured by adopting the prior injection molding process with high efficiency and low cost.

Description

Axial flow type electronic radiator fan
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to the fan that electronic device and device radiation thereof are used, particularly axial flow fan.
Background technique
The heat dissipation problem of electronic device, become inevitable problem in the design of electronic products manufacturing, the particularly heat radiation of CPU and GPU chip in the computer, become the developing bottleneck of computer, cpu heat has become the parts of size maximum on the mainboard, be the mainboard size reduce hinder with the maximum of compactness.
Radiator generally is made of fan and the device that has many convection heat exchange fins.Fan is very important parts in the radiator, and it is high that the air quantity of fan is not only wanted, and blast also must be enough high, to overcome the air flow resistance that the convection heat exchange fin produces.
Existing electronic radiator fan develops from the development of draught fan basis and comes, consider it more is whole manufacture cost and air quantity, in the face of electronic chip heating values such as CPU increase substantially, the air flow resistance that heat loss through convection fin increase on the radiator brings increases considerably, the design of the blade in the existing electronic radiator fan must be revised, but because the aerodynamics of shortage specialty and the knowledge of vane machine design principle aspect coach, new product of releasing or design are just by increasing the size (as external diameter) of fan, improve the flabellum rotating speed and improve air quantity and blast, but noise strengthens rapidly, and air quantity and blast do not effectively improve.
Chinese patent application, application number: 03142983.1 and application number: 200610163711.6, in two disclosed electronic radiator fans of patent application, behind flabellum, be provided with rectifier (also claiming stator blade and stator blade), purpose is the air rotational speed of wanting to reduce behind the flabellum (circumferentially component velocity), improves the blast of fan.But these two fans that patent application provides, the knowledge that lacks the aerodynamics of specialty and vane machine design principle aspect are as design guidance, even draw antipodal error result, also just can not design the fan of effective raising air quantity and blast.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of axial-flow type radiator fan, be based on aerodynamics and vane machine design principle, and in conjunction with electronic radiator fan concrete structure and manufacturing process, more specifically requirement has been made in design to fan blade (flabellum blade and straightener(stator) blade), and proposes new structure, makes it more to meet air-flow character, reduce the flow losses (resistance) of air in blade, effectively improve the blast and the air quantity of fan, and reduce fan dimension, make it compacter.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention: fan is an axial flow, and critical piece has: clamshell, flabellum, motor the invention is characterized in: fan blade has adopted multistage blade structure,
Or all blades are an one-piece element, between the blade minimum place of axial direction projection spacing be not more than 2.0 millimeters the single-stage blade structure,
Or blade axially cutting into two sections, respectively the single-stage blade structure on the one-piece element of two or more integral injection molding,
Or blade is respectively on the one-piece element of two or more integral injection molding, and the blade on one-piece element is clipped in the single-stage blade structure in the middle of the blade on the other one-piece element;
The blade quantity of the last level of the flabellum blade quantity of single-stage blade structure or the flabellum of multistage blade structure is no less than 8.
The flabellum vane drive air flows of rotation, the mechanical energy that motor is exported is transferred to air, and the mechanical energy of air (kinetic energy and potential energy) is improved, and promptly the speed of air and pressure are improved.The mechanical energy of motor flows to by the flabellum blade in the process of air mechanical power loss, promptly has the transfer efficiency problem, includes in the mechanical power loss: air surface frictional loss and swirl flow loss.When the blade surface air-flow occurs separating whirlpool, the swirl flow loss will increase sharply, and blade efficiency will sharply descend.Thereby to effectively improve the air quantity and the blast of fan, must the controlled vortex flow flow losses.
Air is after the flabellum of rotation drives, and motion has circumferential component velocity in the shape of a spiral.In order to reduce (preferably eliminating) circumferentially component velocity, convert circumferential component velocity kinetic energy to static pressure potential energy, fan is set up rectifier.Usually the setting of convection heat exchange fin is arranged along the fan axial direction, thereby circumferentially component velocity reduces, and has just reduced the angle of attack of air with respect to the convection heat exchange fin, can reduce the air flows loss (resistance) that the convection heat exchange fin produces.
Flabellum and rectifier all are to be made of blade (flabellum blade and straightener(stator) blade), and Fig. 1 is the plane cascade schematic representation, also is the expansion schematic representation in the cross section of annular cascade on the concentric circle cylinder, and flabellum and rectifier among the present invention belong to annular cascade.The front of leaf grating is 11 or 22 among Fig. 1, and blde pitch t is that the ratio b/t of chord length b and blde pitch is called cascade solidity along the distance between the adjacent two blade corresponding points of front direction; Between the blade spacing of the projection of axial direction be meant two adjacent projecting blades to the front between spacing d; How much angle β of blade import 1A, outlet how much angle β 2AFor the sheet type center line of blade at the tangent line of leading edge, trailing edge and the angle between the front; Leaf grating inlet/outlet flow angle β 1, β 2Be inlet/outlet air-flow relative velocity W 1, W 2And the angle between the front; Air-flow deflection angle Δ β=β 21, the angle that turns over when crossing leaf grating for air communication; Inlet incidence angle i is the angle of blade profile center line between the tangent line of leading edge point that comes flow path direction and blade; Outlet deviation angle δ is the angle of blade profile center line between the tangent line of trailing edge point of flow outlet direction and blade, δ=β 2A2Can derive air-flow deflection angle Δ β=θ+i-δ, θ is the blade bending angle, θ=β 2A1A
Fig. 2 is the rated characteristic curve that the plane cascade experiment draws, and has provided specified air-flow deflection angle Δ β *With cascade solidity b/t and specified outlet flow angle β 2 *Between relation.As outlet flow angle β 2With cascade solidity b/t one regularly, air-flow deflection angle Δ β should be greater than the value according to curve correspondence among Fig. 2, otherwise will cause that the flow losses of air-flow in leaf grating increase severely, the reason that its flow losses increase severely is that airflow breakaway appears in vacuum side of blade, due to the eddy current loss.Though Fig. 2 is the experimental result of plane cascade, the design of annular cascade involved in the present invention equally there is actual directive significance.
The mode that the raising flabellum flows to air energy has: 1, improve the flabellum rotational speed, but the increase of the noise of fan, the motor bearings life-span shortens; 2, improve the air-flow deflection angle Δ β of air stream behind flabellum, this is the method for at first recommending.
Reduce the circumferential speed of (eliminating as far as possible) air, promptly outlet flow angle β will be the right angle as far as possible, means that how much angles of outlet of straightener(stator) blade want big, just means that also air-flow deflection angle Δ β is big.
More than explanation: no matter be flabellum or rectifier (if fan is provided with), all wish to obtain high air-flow deflection angle Δ β, but the cascade solidity that draws blade according to Fig. 2 will increase, and promptly blade density is big, and the projection at axial direction between the blade is just overlapping possibly.Because the clamshell of electronic radiator fan, flabellum etc. all are to adopt injection molding technique, this manufacturing process efficient height, cost is low, if the projection at axial direction between the blade has overlapping, injection moulding just can not divide mould, and product can't take out in the demoulding, and the measure that addresses this problem has:
One, adopts multistage blade structure, blade is divided into two-stage or more multistage, though the air-flow deflection angle of air stream behind blade is very big like this, but shared by multistage blade, the air-flow deflection angle of single-stage is little, can guarantee that under high blade efficiency condition the density of each grade blade can be not high to not adopting injection molding technique production.
Two, blade is axially being cut into two sections, two sections respectively on the one-piece element of two or more integral injection molding, two one-piece elemenies of general employing, such single-stage blade structure, though the projection of axial direction has overlapping between the whole blade, but axis projection leaves certain interval between the partial blade on each one-piece element, and assurance can be adopted injection molding technique production.
Three, blade is divided on the one-piece element of two or more integral injection molding, two one-piece elemenies of general employing, blade in the preferably at interval uniform distribution, one-piece element is clipped in the middle of the blade on the other one-piece element, just constitutes the single-stage blade structure.The axial direction projection leaves certain spacing between the blade on the single one-piece element, assurance can be adopted the injection molding technique manufacturing, and cascade solidity is not high, but the blade on two parts lumps together, cascade solidity doubles, thereby has improved the specified air-flow deflection angle of air stream behind leaf grating.
Four, from simple in structure, blade strength and reduce fan axial dimension aspect and consider the single-stage blade structure of the as a whole parts of all blades.But improve cascade solidity as far as possible, when the projection spacing of axial direction leaves 2 millimeters between the blade, just can guarantee to adopt the injection molding technique manufacturing.Because the spacing between the blade changes from the blade root to the blade tip, blade root place spacing is little usually, thereby the minimum place of the spacing of the projection of axial direction is not more than 2 millimeters between the single-stage blade of the present invention, and blade density is improved as much as possible like this.
No matter be flabellum or rectifier (if fan is provided with), adopt above four kinds of measures separately or jointly, all will improve the performance of fan effectively.
Flabellum adopts described the 4th kind of structure, because the cascade solidity raising is limited, must be noted that during design that the bending angle of flabellum blade and how much angles of outlet can not be too big, otherwise can cause that the flow losses that the vacuum side of blade airflow breakaway is brought sharply increase.Different blast and air quantity, how much angles of best blade bending angle and outlet are also different, according to calculating and the analysis of Fig. 2 etc., consider the concrete application of electronic radiator fan, the bending angle at the blade tip place of flabellum blade should be greater than 18 °, and how much angles of outlet should be greater than 48 °.To further improve the blast and the air quantity of such fan, can realize by improving the flabellum rotating speed.
How much angles of the outlet of straightener(stator) blade want big, but consider multiple factor, how much angles of general straightener(stator) blade outlet get greater than 70 ° proper, but preferably how much angles of outlet are not less than 85 °, reduce circumferential speed so as far as possible.If the elimination circumferential speed, how much angles of outlet just are greater than 90 °, have the outlet deviation angle because flow out the air of straightener(stator) blade, and blade is made the moulding difficulty to be increased.
Airplane is conscientiously observed an air breathing engine import of getting off the plane, and can find that the blade of inlet is countlessly many.And the blade quantity in the existing radiation fan, few has 3~5, and few like this flabellum blade is simple imitative with ventilation flabellum blade profile, lacks the basic performance of vane machine principle knowledge, and is very unreasonable.The fan of using for electronic radiation, according to Fig. 2 curve with consider other factors, the blade quantity of the last level of the flabellum blade quantity of single-stage blade structure or the flabellum of multistage blade structure minimumly is no less than 8.Increase blade quantity, can reduce the axial dimension of flabellum, but will consider problem such as blade strength.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the plane cascade schematic representation, also is that schematic representation is launched in the cross section of annular cascade on the concentric circle cylinder.
Fig. 2 is a plane cascade rated characteristic curve, Δ β *=0.8 Δ β max represents specified deflection angle Δ β *Value is 80 percent of maximum deflection angle Δ β max.
Fig. 3 is that schematic representation is launched in a kind of cross section of two-stage blade structure on the concentric circle cylinder of fan of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that schematic representation is launched in a kind of cross section of two-stage blade structure on the concentric circle cylinder of fan of the present invention, and is similar with Fig. 3, and difference is the blade dislocation in first order blade and the second level blade.
Fig. 5 is that schematic representation is launched in a kind of cross section of two-stage blade structure on the concentric circle cylinder of fan of the present invention, and the partial blade in the first order blade and the second level is integrated.
Fig. 6 is a kind of feature profile schematic representation of single-stage blade structure of fan of the present invention, and blade is axially cutting into two sections.
Fig. 7 is a kind of feature profile schematic representation of fan of the present invention, and flabellum adopts the two-stage blade structure, and motor is a brshless DC motor.
Fig. 8 is a kind of feature profile schematic representation of fan of the present invention, is provided with rectifier behind the flabellum.
Fig. 9 is a kind of sectional drawing of fan of the present invention, is provided with rectifier behind the flabellum.
Figure 10 is the open cube display of the critical piece of fan shown in Figure 9.
Figure 11 is a kind of feature profile schematic representation of fan of the present invention, and rectifier is the twin-stage blade structure.
Figure 12 is a kind of feature profile schematic representation of fan of the present invention, and two flabellums are arranged, and by same motor driving.
Figure 13 represents the feature schematic representation that fan blade radially bends.
Figure 14 represents the feature schematic representation of fan blade radial skew.
Among the figure, 1, wheel hub, 2, stator, 3, bearing housing, 4, rotor, 5, flabellum, 6, garter spring, 7, electric disc, 8, axle, 9, bearing, 10, clamshell, 11, rectifier, 12, circuit board, 13, straightener(stator) blade A, 14, straightener(stator) blade B, 15, the flabellum blade, 16, the arrow of expression flabellum sense of rotation.
Embodiment
Fig. 3 shows typical multistage blade structure (shown in Figure 3 is the two-stage blade structure), all leave the axis projection spacing between every grade the blade, assurance can be adopted injection molding technique, the quantity of second level blade is than the first order many (many one times), promptly grade blade sheet number in back is more than previous stage blade sheet number, thereby cascade solidity improves, and how much angles of the outlet of blade also strengthen, and can obtain higher specified air-flow deflection angle Δ β according to Fig. 2 *, that is to say, adopt the flabellum of two-stage or more multistage blade structure, can obtain higher specified air-flow deflection angle, flabellum further improves to effective mechanical energy of air transfer, and the axial dimension of fan can be effectively reduced, and makes fan compacter.
Shown in Figure 4ly be with difference Fig. 3: blade in the second level and first order blade have dislocation.The advantage of this structure is: if the airflow breakaway whirlpool that occurs on first order blade just can not develop when entering the second level, and progressively disappear.Structure shown in Figure 5 is a derived structure shown in Figure 3, and the half blade in the second level and the blade of the first order are connected as a single entity, and also belong to multistage blade structure.
Shown in Figure 6 is the single-stage blade structure, but blade is two sections of axial cropped one-tenth, on two or more parts, (generally adopt two one-piece elemenies) respectively, though the projection of axial direction has overlapping between the whole blade, but after cropped, axis projection leaves certain distance between the partial blade on each parts, and assurance can be adopted the injection molding technique manufacturing.
Fig. 7 is a kind of feature schematic representation of fan of the present invention, and flabellum 5 is the two-stage blade structure.The first order blade of flabellum 5 and wheel hub 1 are an one-piece element, generally adopt the injection molding process manufacturing, and the cylindrical of first order blade is provided with garter spring 6, and its effect is the intensity that improves this place's blade; The ring at second level blade and Qi Gen place is an one-piece element, is enclosed within on the rotor 4 of motor.Motor is a brshless DC motor, and the microminiature electronic radiator fan generally all adopts such brshless DC motor.Stator 2 drive fits of motor are enclosed within on the bearing housing 3, are bearing 9 in the bearing housing 3, an axle center that is inlaid in wheel hub 1 of axle 8, and the rotor 4 of motor is a ring magnet, and bearing housing 3 is fixed on the electric disc 7, and electric disc 7 is the fixed component of motor.
Fig. 8 shows a kind of fan of the present invention, is provided with rectifier 11 behind flabellum 5, and the motor in the fan shown in Figure 8 is a brshless DC motor also, and the circuit board 12 that electronic devices such as Hall are housed is between stator 2 and electric disc 7.The fixed installation of fan is to rely on clamshell 10, and the support fixation of motor is by bearing housing 3, electric disc 7, and the blade by rectifier 11 is connected to clamshell 10 again.Adopting injection molding technique, generally adopt the plastics injection technique, with electric disc 7 and straightener blade (all or part of) and clamshell 10 or part clamshell parts integral injection molding, is an one-piece element.Such structure, manufacturing efficiency height not only, cost is low, and compact structure, and the intensity height guarantees that easily the gap between flabellum 5 and clamshell 10 inner round wall is even.Also illustrate among the figure: bearing housing 3 and electric disc 7 are same one-piece element, so more help proof strength and concentricity.
Fan shown in Figure 9 is provided with rectifier, and rectifier is the single-stage blade structure, and straightener(stator) blade is separated into two parts evenly and at intervals---straightener(stator) blade A13 and straightener(stator) blade B14, and respectively on the one-piece element of two integral injection molding.Straightener(stator) blade B14 links into an integrated entity electric disc 7 and clamshell 10, is the one-piece element of integral injection molding; Ring on straightener(stator) blade A13 and its blade root, the blade tip is another one-piece element.Motor also is a dc brushless motor, and circuit board is arranged on the clamshell 10, does not illustrate.
Be to increase flabellum power, i.e. the driving power of motor, the axial dimension of motor will increase; Set up rectifier, the axial dimension of fan can increase again.In order to reduce the fan axial dimension, the structure characteristic shown in Fig. 8,9 provides a solution, and rotor 4 is reached in rectifier 11 roots than the axial wide part that grows of the flabellum on it, and promptly rotor 4 has part to extend in the root of rectifier 11.
Figure 11 shows a kind of fan of the present invention, and motor is a dc brushless motor, and rectifier 11 is the two-stage blade structure, and clamshell 10 also is divided into two sections, and the leading portion of clamshell 10 (by the suction port section) is an one-piece element with the prime straightener(stator) blade.The back segment and the electric disc 7 of back level straightener(stator) blade and clamshell 10 are another one-piece element, can adopt the injection molding technique manufacturing.
Fan a kind of of the present invention shown in Figure 12 has two flabellums 5, on two wheel hubs 1,11, two flabellums 5 of rectifier is arranged by same motor driving between two flabellums 5 respectively, and the motor shown in the figure is a dc brushless motor.Adopt the purpose of this two blade structures: increase the ability that flabellum drives air movement, improve blast, the air quantity of fan.
During the rotation of flabellum blade, drive air, give the air work done.The active force of vane drive air and air square are directly proportional with respect to the speed of blade, the speed at the blade point place (near clamshell 10 places) in the flabellum is greater than the speed at blade root place, thereby the merit that obtains near the air at blade point place many than close blade root place, thereby be higher than the blade root place near the blast of the air at blade point place, i.e. fan blast skewness radially.The inhomogeneous meeting of blast causes the air mass flow in the convection heat exchange fin behind the fan inhomogeneous, is unfavorable for effectively utilizing whole convection heat exchange fin like this.
Overcome fan radially blast method pockety have: (one) flabellum Blade Design becomes radially to be reversed, and reduces the angle of attack of the relative air flows in blade point place, because the angle of attack reduces, the power that blade acts on air reduces; (2) shown in Figure 13,14, flabellum blade 15 is designed in the radially crooked or inclination towards the direction of flabellum rotation.Figure 13 illustrates flabellum blade 15 and radially bends, Figure 14 illustrates flabellum blade 15 radial skews, the power that can make flabellum blade 14 act on the air like this has entad component, thereby the branch that air can be formed with centripetal direction so just helps improving the blast near the blade root place to motion.Same reason, straightener(stator) blade is designed to radially bending or tilting, also can help improving blast by the blade root place, but direction crooked or that tilt should be anti-the direction of flabellum rotation, opposite with the bending or the true dip direction of flabellum blade 15, because after air leaves the flabellum 5 of rotation, have the circumferential component velocity consistent with the flabellum sense of rotation.Straightener(stator) blade anti-the flabellum sense of rotation crooked or tilt, then make air stream when rectifier, the power that straightener(stator) blade acts on the air can produce entad component.
Specify: fan blade is meant flabellum blade, straightener(stator) blade (if fan is provided with rectifier).

Claims (10)

1, a kind of electronic radiator fan is applied to the heat radiation of electronic device or device, and structure is an axial flow, includes: clamshell (10), flabellum (5), motor, and it is characterized in that: fan blade has adopted multistage blade structure,
Or all blades are an one-piece element, between the blade minimum place of axial direction projection spacing be not more than 2.0 millimeters the single-stage blade structure,
Or blade axially cutting into two sections, respectively the single-stage blade structure on the one-piece element of two or more integral injection molding,
Or blade is respectively on the one-piece element of two or more integral injection molding, and the blade on one-piece element is clipped in the single-stage blade structure in the middle of the blade on the other one-piece element;
The blade quantity of the last level of the flabellum blade quantity of single-stage blade structure or the flabellum of multistage blade structure is no less than 8.
2, electronic radiator fan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: whole flabellum (5) is the flabellum blade of the single-stage blade structure of an one-piece element, and the blade bending angle at blade tip place is not more than 18 °, outlet how much angles and is not more than 48 °.
3, electronic radiator fan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: if be provided with rectifier (11) behind the flabellum (5), how much angles of outlet of how much angles of the outlet of straightener(stator) blade or last level straightener(stator) blade are greater than 70 °.
4, electronic radiator fan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: motor is a dc brushless motor.
5, electronic radiator fan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the crooked or inclination of direction that flabellum blade (15) rotates towards flabellum (5).
6, according to claim 1 or 3 described electronic radiator fans, it is characterized in that: straightener blade anti-flabellum (5) direction of rotating crooked or tilt.
7, electronic radiator fan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: flabellum (5) is provided with garter spring (6).
8, according to claim 1 or 3 described electronic radiator fans, it is characterized in that: partly or entirely the fixed component of straightener blade and clamshell (10) or part clamshell parts and motor is the one-piece element of integral injection molding.
9, electronic radiator fan according to claim 3 is characterized in that: be provided with another flabellum (5) behind rectifier (11), two flabellums are by same motor driving.
10, electronic radiator fan according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the flabellum of multistage blade structure or rectifier, back grade blade sheet number will be more than previous stage blade sheet number.
CNA2008102172026A 2008-11-04 2008-11-04 Axial flow type electronic radiator fan Pending CN101392761A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010081294A1 (en) * 2009-01-14 2010-07-22 Qin Biao Axial-flow type electronic radiator fan
CN101846091A (en) * 2010-05-25 2010-09-29 汪祥 Pipeline fan
CN104462768A (en) * 2014-11-06 2015-03-25 上海电气电站设备有限公司 Large stream-turbine generator axial flow fan efficiency and power consumption determining method
CN106678074A (en) * 2017-02-22 2017-05-17 宁波高泰电器有限公司 Fan blade and duct air feeding device applying same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010081294A1 (en) * 2009-01-14 2010-07-22 Qin Biao Axial-flow type electronic radiator fan
CN101846091A (en) * 2010-05-25 2010-09-29 汪祥 Pipeline fan
CN104462768A (en) * 2014-11-06 2015-03-25 上海电气电站设备有限公司 Large stream-turbine generator axial flow fan efficiency and power consumption determining method
CN104462768B (en) * 2014-11-06 2017-08-01 上海电气电站设备有限公司 The efficiency and power consumption of a kind of large turbo-type generator aerofoil fan determine method
CN106678074A (en) * 2017-02-22 2017-05-17 宁波高泰电器有限公司 Fan blade and duct air feeding device applying same

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