Background technology
The nano titanium dioxide photocatalysis technology is a prevention and cure of pollution new technology that grows up nearly decades, has advantages such as energy-efficient, nontoxic, non-secondary pollution of cleaning and work simplification, is expected to become 21 century environmental pollution control and the desirable technique of administering.The unique weakness of titanium dioxide is to be used for visible light, and the photocatalysis quantum efficiency is low, has restricted the practical application of optically catalytic TiO 2.Be the focus that the catalysis material of representative and modification thereof and modification become Recent study with titanium dioxide, the modification of titanium dioxide optical catalyst and be modified as the light-catalysed efficient of further raising new approach is provided mainly contains following several method at present:
(1) noble metal loading: when semiconductor surface contacts with noble metal, light induced electron is transferred to the lower noble metal of fermi level from the higher n-semiconductor of fermi level, fermi level until them is identical, the Schottky barrier that this process forms becomes effective trap of catching light induced electron, thereby has suppressed the compound of electronics and hole;
(2) transient metal doped: the ion of transition metal is effective acceptor of electronics, and its doping can be introduced defective locations at semiconductor surface, catches the electronics in the conduction band, reduces the recombination probability in titanium dioxide surface light induced electron and hole;
(3) composite semiconductor: the method can be regarded the modification of a kind of particle to another kind of particle as, and the energy level difference between two kinds of semiconductors can make light induced electron and hole form effective the separation.Comprise simple combination, doping, sandwich construction and out-phase combination etc.;
(4) ion doping: utilize physics or chemical method, ion is incorporated into TiO
2Lattice structure inside, thus in lattice, introduce new electric charge, form defective or change lattice types, influence light induced electron and hole moving situation, adjust its distribution or change TiO
2Band structure, finally cause TiO
2Photocatalytic activity changes.
(5) photoactivate:, make it be adsorbed in TiO with physics or chemical state by adding suitable photolytic activity sensitizer
2The surface.These materials have bigger motivating factor under visible light, under radiation of visible light, ADSORPTION STATE photolytic activity molecule absorption photon is excited, and produce free electron, and excitation state photolytic activity molecule is injected into TiO with electronics then
2On the conduction band, enlarged TiO
2The scope of excitation wavelength has improved long-wave radiation photon utilization rate, is to improve TiO
2One of main path of photo-quantum efficiency.
(6) surperficial huge legendary turtle is closed and derivatization: surperficial derivatization and metal oxide are at TiO
2The huge legendary turtle on surface is closed and can further improve the interface transmission effect, and then influences TiO
2Photocatalytic activity.
(7) surface reduction is handled: reducibility gas is to TiO
2Heat-treat and to produce more Ti on its surface
3+, at TiO
2The surface forms suitable titanium hydroxyl and Ti
3+Proportion structure, effective separate and interface charge shifts that promotes electronics and hole, thus improve photocatalytic activity.
(8) super-strong acidified: by to TiO
2Super-strong acidified, catalyst structure is obviously improved, suppressed crystal transition effectively, feasible TiO with photocatalytic activity
2Crystallite size diminishes, and specific area increases, and surperficial oxygen defect position increases.Blemish then causes catalyst to O for increasing
2Adsorption capacity strengthen, reduced the recombination rate in photic electronics and hole effectively, reach the purpose that improves photocatalysis efficiency.
These methods all are to add a certain amount of metal, semi-conducting material or oxidant in the process of the preparation of titanium dioxide optical catalyst or use, the cost that has improved the titanium dioxide optical catalyst preparation and used, and the more loaded down with trivial details complexity of technology, the weighting ring environment pollution.
Summary of the invention
The preparation method who the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of laser modified titanium dioxide photocatalyst, this method technology is simple, and easy operating both can also can be used for industrial-scale production in laboratory operation.The titanium dioxide optical catalyst film light transmission that makes is good, the photocatalysis efficiency height.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of laser modified porous titanium dioxide photocatalysis agent, it is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
The first step: handle porous polyester web surface 20-40min down at 60-70 ℃ with the solution that contains 0.3-0.5g/l acetic acid, 0.05-0.15g/l peregal, 0.2-0.4g/l polysorbas20,0.3-0.5g/l detergent, add the neutralization of 0.4-0.6g/L sodium bicarbonate, washing, 6-10g/l polyster fibre protective agent solution is coated on the porous polyester fleece, coating thickness is 0.05mm-0.1mm, dried 10-20 minute down at 60~90 ℃, naturally cooling, wherein, the solvent of polyster fibre protective agent solution is that mass ratio is the second alcohol and water of 10:1-5:1;
Second step: slowly be added drop-wise to isobutanol in the tetraisopropyl titanate, add inhibitor acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione and catalyst 0.8-1.5g/l sulfuric acid, stir 30~50min, add the deionized water reaction that is hydrolyzed, add silver nitrate and ferric trichloride successively, 300~400 ℃ of calcinings down, promptly get nano titanium dioxide powder; Wherein, the mass ratio of isobutanol, tetraisopropyl titanate, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, sulfuric acid, deionized water, silver nitrate and ferric trichloride is 60-90:18-20:7.5-9:1-2:6-8:1.5-3:2.5-3;
The 3rd step: directly nano titanium dioxide powder is mixed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), triethanolamine and polyurethane at ambient temperature, compound online by roll-in to terylene, make titanium dioxide/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyurethane/triethanolamine porous photocatalytic film; Wherein, the load capacity of titanium dioxide optical catalyst is 8-12mg/cm
2, the mass ratio of titanium dioxide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), triethanolamine and polyurethane is 8.0-3.0:2-0.5:3.5-1.5:1.5-0.5;
The 4th step: titanium dioxide/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyurethane/triethanolamine porous photocatalytic film that the 3rd step was obtained is placed in the textile laser treatment device, handles 6-10 minute, and wherein, laser power is 0.5KW.
Further; the polyster fibre protective agent is that dispersant, polyphenol, phosphatide, the hydroxyapatite of 3-1.5:4-2.5:1.6-0.6:1.3-0.7 formed by mass ratio in the described first step, and wherein dispersant is that ethanol, water, the DC-40 Sodium Polyacrylate compound of 2-4:0.5-1.5:0.5-1.5 formed by mass ratio.
The porous polyester fleece is made by PTT, PETG or its mixture in the described first step.
Detergent is O-polyalcohols-N-carboxyl piperazine doped quaternary ammonium salt shitosan in the described first step.
The present invention can prepare polyster fibre net and the incorporate photochemical catalyst of titanium dioxide easily, has solved the loading problem of catalyst, can modify catalyst by laser modified again.
The present invention has following advantage:
(1), method is simple, cost is low, is convenient to making in laboratory, can be used for industrial production again;
(2), can change operating condition according to actual needs flexibly, as controlling the pore size of titanium dioxide optical catalyst by changing temperature, acidity, hydrolysis time and calcination temperature, simultaneously can be by changing load process, to reach the purpose of control titanium dichloride load amount;
(3), this laser modified photochemical catalyst has loose structure, specific area is big, good stability, be fit to very much be applied to surrounding air purifies and field of waste water treatment in.
The specific embodiment
Specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of laser modified titanium dioxide photocatalyst, concrete steps are:
The first step: handle porous polyester web surface 20min down at 60 ℃ with the solution that contains 0.3g/l acetic acid, 0.05g/l peregal, 0.2g/l polysorbas20,0.3g/l detergent, add the neutralization of 0.4g/L sodium bicarbonate, washing, 10g/l polyster fibre protective agent solution is coated on the porous polyester fleece, coating thickness is 0.15mm, dries 10 minutes down at 60 ℃, naturally cooling, wherein, the solvent of polyster fibre protective agent solution is that mass ratio is the second alcohol and water of 10:1;
Second step: isobutanol slowly is added drop-wise in the tetraisopropyl titanate, adds inhibitor acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione and catalyst 1.5g/l sulfuric acid, stir 30min, add the deionized water reaction that is hydrolyzed, add silver nitrate and ferric trichloride successively,, promptly get nano titanium dioxide powder 300 ℃ of calcinings down; Wherein, the mass ratio of isobutanol, tetraisopropyl titanate, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, sulfuric acid, deionized water, silver nitrate and ferric trichloride is 60:18:7.5:1:6:1.5:2.5;
The 3rd step: directly nano titanium dioxide powder is mixed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), triethanolamine and polyurethane at ambient temperature, compound online by roll-in to terylene, make titanium dioxide/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyurethane/triethanolamine porous photocatalytic film; Wherein, the load capacity of titanium dioxide optical catalyst is 8mg/cm
2, the mass ratio of titanium dioxide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), triethanolamine and polyurethane is 8.0:2:3.5:1.5;
The 4th step: titanium dioxide/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyurethane/triethanolamine porous photocatalytic film that the 3rd step was obtained is placed in the textile laser treatment device, handles 6 minutes, and wherein, laser power is 0.4KW.
The polyster fibre protective agent is that dispersant, polyphenol, phosphatide, the hydroxyapatite of 3:4:1.6:1.3 formed by mass ratio in the described first step, and wherein dispersant is that ethanol, water, the DC-40 Sodium Polyacrylate compound of 2:0.5:0.5 formed by mass ratio.
The porous polyester fleece is made by PTT in the described first step.
Detergent is O-polyalcohols-N-carboxyl piperazine doped quaternary ammonium salt shitosan in the described first step.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of laser modified titanium dioxide photocatalyst, concrete steps are:
The first step: handle porous polyester web surface 40min down at 70 ℃ with the solution that contains 0.5g/l acetic acid, 0.15g/l peregal, 0.4g/l polysorbas20,0.5g/l detergent, add the neutralization of 0.6g/L sodium bicarbonate, washing, 6g/l polyster fibre protective agent solution is coated on the porous polyester fleece, coating thickness is 0.05mm, dries 20 minutes down at 90 ℃, naturally cooling, wherein, the solvent of polyster fibre protective agent solution is that mass ratio is the second alcohol and water of 5:1;
Second step: isobutanol slowly is added drop-wise in the tetraisopropyl titanate, adds inhibitor acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione and catalyst 0.8g/l sulfuric acid, stir 50min, add the deionized water reaction that is hydrolyzed, add silver nitrate and ferric trichloride successively,, promptly get nano titanium dioxide powder 400 ℃ of calcinings down; Wherein, the mass ratio of isobutanol, tetraisopropyl titanate, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, sulfuric acid, deionized water, silver nitrate and ferric trichloride is 90:20:9:2:8:3:3;
The 3rd step: directly nano titanium dioxide powder is mixed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), triethanolamine and polyurethane at ambient temperature, compound online by roll-in to terylene, make titanium dioxide/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyurethane/triethanolamine porous photocatalytic film; Wherein, the load capacity of titanium dioxide optical catalyst is 12mg/cm
2, the mass ratio of titanium dioxide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), triethanolamine and polyurethane is 3.0:0.5:1.5:0.5;
The 4th step: titanium dioxide/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyurethane/triethanolamine porous photocatalytic film that the 3rd step was obtained is placed in the textile laser treatment device, handles 10 minutes, and wherein, laser power is 0.6KW.
The polyster fibre protective agent is that dispersant, polyphenol, phosphatide, the hydroxyapatite of 1.5:2.5:0.6:0.7 formed by mass ratio in the described first step, and wherein dispersant is that ethanol, water, the DC-40 Sodium Polyacrylate compound of 4:1.5:1.5 formed by mass ratio.
The porous polyester fleece is made by PETG in the described first step.
Detergent is O-polyalcohols-N-carboxyl piperazine doped quaternary ammonium salt shitosan in the described first step.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of laser modified titanium dioxide photocatalyst, concrete steps are:
The first step: handle porous polyester web surface 30min down at 65 ℃ with the solution that contains 0.4g/l acetic acid, 0.1g/l peregal, 0.3g/l polysorbas20,0.4g/l detergent, add the neutralization of 0.5g/L sodium bicarbonate, washing, 8g/l polyster fibre protective agent solution is coated on the porous polyester fleece, coating thickness is 0.1mm, dries 15 minutes down at 75 ℃, naturally cooling, wherein, the solvent of polyster fibre protective agent solution is that mass ratio is the second alcohol and water of 7.5:1;
Second step: isobutanol slowly is added drop-wise in the tetraisopropyl titanate, adds inhibitor acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione and catalyst 1.15g/l sulfuric acid, stir 40min, add the deionized water reaction that is hydrolyzed, add silver nitrate and ferric trichloride successively,, promptly get nano titanium dioxide powder 350 ℃ of calcinings down; Wherein, the mass ratio of isobutanol, tetraisopropyl titanate, acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione, sulfuric acid, deionized water, silver nitrate and ferric trichloride is 75:19:8:1.5:7:2:2.5;
The 3rd step: directly nano titanium dioxide powder is mixed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), triethanolamine and polyurethane at ambient temperature, compound online by roll-in to terylene, make titanium dioxide/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyurethane/triethanolamine porous photocatalytic film; Wherein, the load capacity of titanium dioxide optical catalyst is 10mg/cm
2, the mass ratio of titanium dioxide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), triethanolamine and polyurethane is 5.0:1:2:1;
The 4th step: titanium dioxide/polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polyurethane/triethanolamine porous photocatalytic film that the 3rd step was obtained is placed in the textile laser treatment device, handles 8 minutes, and wherein, laser power is 0.5KW.
The polyster fibre protective agent is that dispersant, polyphenol, phosphatide, the hydroxyapatite of 2.25:3.25:1.1:1 formed by mass ratio in the described first step, and wherein dispersant is that ethanol, water, the DC-40 Sodium Polyacrylate compound of 3:1:1 formed by mass ratio.
The porous polyester fleece is made by the mixture of PTT and PETG in the described first step.
Detergent is that structure is O-polyalcohols-N-carboxyl piperazine doped quaternary ammonium salt shitosan in the described first step.
Laser modified loaded titanium dioxide photocatalyst is handled the effect of pollutant