CN101390756B - Scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in ultrasonic image-forming system - Google Patents
Scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in ultrasonic image-forming system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed is a scanning beam interpolation treatment method in an ultrasonic imaging system, including the following steps: a signal processing channel of an ultrasonic diagnosis system picks up the information in ultrasonic echoes to form scanning beam data which images based on polar coordinates; virtual scanning beams are inserted between the real scanning beams as for the occasion of lacking sampling when the image is far away from the probe area; the scanning beam data or the virtual scanning beam data are supplied without distinction to a DSC for linear interpolation treatment at the neighboring points so as to acquire all the display pixel data which images based on Cartesian coordinates, and the display pixel data is sent to a display device for display. The scanning beam interpolation treatment method can reduce the noise imported by interpolation treatment of ultrasonic images, and is simple in treatment process and easy to carry out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasonic technique, relate in particular to the signal processing in the medical ultrasound imaging system, particularly relate to ultrasonic signal and receive the synthetic scanning line processing method relevant with scan conversion.
Background technology
The medical ultrasound imaging diagnostic device utilizes the propagation of ultrasound wave in human body, comes the ultrasound wave characteristic information of acquisitor soma and organ structure.Current compuscan adopts many array element probes usually.In this system, the high-voltage pulse ripple is carried on each array element of probe, and excitation array element produces high-frequency ultrasonic and then forms launching beam and enters human body.Each array element of popping one's head in receives the echo from human tissue structure scattering or reflection, forms received beam.The signal processing channel of compuscan (comprising beam synthesizer and detector) extracts the information in the ultrasonic echo, forms the scan-line data of various imagings, and shows with preassigned pattern after conversion process.During the actual inspection patient, these frames are presented at cathode ray tube (cathode ray tube in real time in clinical; CRT) or liquid crystal display (Liquid Crystal Display; LCD) on.
Various real time imagings form (as B mode imaging and C mode imaging) technology all to be needed the information that is included in the ultrasound echo signal is changed, and is presented on CRT or the LCD, and this conversion is called scan conversion.Scan conversion in present most of medical ultrasound equipment adopts the digital scan conversion technology.With this technology corresponding digital scan converter (digital scanconverters; DSC) be an internal memory in essence, the form of the The data of write memory is consistent with the information that receives ultrasound echo signal, consistent (as adopting the standard television raster mode) of the form of reading and CRT or LCD demonstration.
In the prior art, the data of ultrasonic echo information are to obtain by scanning beam, and scanning beam generally is to be the center with the probe when checking, checks on the section along the certain angle back and forth movement at human body.Therefore on the inspection section, obtain ultrasound information usually with polar coordinate representation.But the display pixel on standard television grid display system is represented with cartesian coordinate usually.Therefore need between polar coordinate and Cartesian coordinate, change.Thereby as shown in Figure 1, have DSC now by memorizer, coordinate transform, three parts of interpolating module are formed.Memorizer is an internal memory, is used to store ultrasonic echo data, just from each scan-line data of signal processing channel.Coordinate transform partly is converted into the Cartesian coordinate on CRT or the LCD display coordinate corresponding to ultrasound echo signal information, is sent to described memorizer; Thereby be sent to interpolating module by the data that corresponding polar coordinate place obtains, the interpolation arithmetic by this interpolating module calculates the ultrasonic echo information under the described Cartesian coordinate.
Generally have only pixel on few Cartesian coordinate and the point on the polar coordinate can be corresponding one by one, the data on most of display pixel point need utilize the several neighbor point data on these polar coordinate to come interpolation to obtain.Aliasing noise for the demonstration point that weakens Cartesian coordinate and the alternate position spike between the polar coordinate sampled point cause generally needs to increase the number that display shows point.But the demonstration point on the standard indicator is limited usually, for example 640 * 480 or 1024 * 768, so DSC can introduce various noises after finishing Coordinate Conversion on the final image that shows.
Interpolation algorithm commonly used at present is contiguous 4 linear interpolation (R-θ interpolation) method in the ultrasonic image-forming system.This interpolation method amount of calculation is little, simple and realization easily.In institute of electrical and electronic engineers (IEEE) article " about the analysis of real-time boundary scanner scans transfer algorithm " of in June, 1986 about medical image, the author has described noise and solution thereof that the DSC method produces under the B pattern.Described neighbor point interpolate value algorithm as shown in Figure 2, calculate when certain shows the ultrasound information of point coordinates correspondence under the Cartesian coordinates, be to carry out the interpolation estimation according to the ultrasound information of four polar coordinate sampled points under adjacent two adjacent degree of depth of scanning line, detailed process is:
Earlier the angle of cut between two adjacent scanning lines on the polar coordinate is normalized to 1, the some range normalization of two adjacent degree of depth on same scanning line is 1.After Cartesian coordinates demonstration point G becomes polar coordinate through a coordinate transform on CRT or the lcd screen, can find this four corresponding neighbor points in echo data, be assumed to be an A, B, C, D, wherein the scan depths of A and B is identical, the scan depths of C and D is identical, and A and C are on same scanning line n, and B and D are on same scanning line n+1.If the ultrasonic echo information of these four some correspondences is respectively X
A, X
B, X
C, X
DIf the normalization angle between G point polar coordinate and the scanning line n is θ
F, then the normalization angle between this G point and the scanning line n+1 is 1-θ
FIf G point polar coordinate and A point are R in the normalization distance of axial direction
F, then this G point and C point are 1-R in the normalization distance of axial direction
FNeighbor point interpolate value algorithm as weight, carries out interpolation arithmetic with normalization angle and normalization distance.At first, insert out the information X that E is ordered according to the ultrasound information of 2 of A and C
E, for
X
E＝X
A×(1-R
F)+X
C×R
F
Insert out the information X that F is ordered according to the ultrasound information of 2 of B and D again
F, for
X
F＝X
B×(1-R
F)+X
D×R
F
At last insert out the information X that G is ordered according to the ultrasound information of 2 of E and F
G, for
X
G＝X
E×(1-θ
F)+X
F×θ
F
Above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part is: because image spectrum changes after interpolation, 4 linear interpolation methods of described vicinity are easy to generate the texture noise.Reason is that the supersonic source image be equivalent to do the low-pass filtering smoothing processing, but the characteristic of this low pass filter is not fine through after the described linear interpolation processing.Because described linear interpolation processing is equivalent to supersonic source image and trigonometric function are carried out convolution, and frequency of fadings in the trigonometric function frequency spectrum and cut-off frequency are very approaching, also can be by being higher than the energy of cut-off frequency in a large number when making final smoothed image.Signal more than these cut-off frequencies shows as the texture noise by described filtering interpolation function and low frequency part aliasing on image.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, and proposes a kind of processing method that is used for ultrasonic image-forming system, can weaken ultrasonoscopy because the noise that the DSC interpolation processing is introduced with simple processing procedure.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, of the present inventionly be contemplated that substantially: medical supersonic checks that human body obtains ultrasound information usually with polar coordinate representation, along the polar theta direction of principal axis, the sample rate of supersonic source image is lower, and inhomogeneous: image over-sampling occurs easily near probe area, and away from probe area sampling appears easily owing at image, when occurring owing to sample, on image, produce the texture noise when directly adopting the neighbor point linear interpolation especially easily; For this reason, can improve the signal processing flow in the ultrasonic image-forming system, before polar theta axle interpolation, between two adjacent scanning lines, insert out earlier one or several virtual scanning lines, and then carry out the neighbor point interpolation, making also has enough sample rates away from the area image of popping one's head in, thereby can weaken ultrasonoscopy because the noise that interpolation processing is introduced.
As the technical scheme that realizes the present invention's design be, the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in a kind of ultrasonic image-forming system be provided, comprise step:
A. the signal processing channel of compuscan extracts the information in the ultrasonic echo, forms the scan-line data of various imagings based on polar coordinate system;
Wherein, also comprise step:
B. utilize described scan-line data to generate the virtual scan line data, thereby between the real scan line, insert virtual scan line; Described scan-line data or virtual scan line data are carried out described interpolation processing for digital scan convertor without distinction, wherein, described virtual scan line data are to be generated by filtering interpolation by four contiguous real scan line data, and obtain by following weighting scheme:
X
E＝f(1+θ)×X
B+f(θ)×X
A+f(1-θ)×X
C+f(2-θ)×X
D
Wherein, X
EExpression virtual scan line data, X
A, X
B, X
CAnd X
DRepresent each real scan line data, θ represent virtual scan line E and and real scan line A between the normalization angle, and f (θ) satisfies:
f(θ)＝(a+2)θ
3-(a+3)θ
2+1 0＜θ＜1
f(θ)＝aθ
3-5aθ
2+8aθ-4a 1＜θ＜2
Wherein α is the variable of definition;
C. digital scan convertor utilizes the neighbor point linear interpolation processing to obtain imaging each display pixel data based on Cartesian coordinates according to described scan-line data, and is sent to the display demonstration.
In the such scheme, it is to insert one or more than one virtual scan lines between two real scan lines that described plug wire is handled.
In the such scheme, described virtual scan line data are that the real scan line data by contiguous two or more generate by filtering interpolation.
In the such scheme, in the described filtering interpolation, the employed weight coefficient of each real scan line is the interpolation filter coefficient.
Adopt technique scheme, processing procedure is simple, is weakening ultrasonoscopy owing in the noise that interpolation processing is introduced, do not increase the complexity of system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation block diagram of existing digital scan convertor
Fig. 2 is 4 the linear interpolation method sketch maps of vicinity during existing DSC handles
Fig. 3 is a ultrasonic signal handling process sketch map of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the plug wire sketch map that plug wire of the present invention is handled
Fig. 5 is four line method for filtering interpolation sketch maps of the embodiment of the invention
Fig. 6 is a cubic spline interpolation filter factor sketch map
The specific embodiment
Below, the most preferred embodiment shown in is further set forth the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
During the type B signalling imaging, described signal processing mainly is that envelope detected is handled, and generates echo strength information; When DCFI, sort signal is handled and is comprised auto-correlation processing, velocity estimation or the like, and the ultrasound information of generation comprises blood flow rate, energy and variance.These formed various image scanning line data of ultrasound information that obtain on the inspection section are represented based on polar coordinate system usually; and the display pixel on the display system is normally represented based on cartesian coordinate system; therefore; when ultrasonic system in the end shows; to finish coordinate transformation work between polar coordinate system and the Cartesian coordinates by DSC; obtain described imaging each display pixel data according to described scan-line data, and be sent to the display demonstration based on Cartesian coordinates.
DSC described in the ultrasonic image-forming system adopts the method for neighbor point linear interpolation processing usually at present.During at the polar theta axle, because supersonic source image sampling rate is lower, thereby when occurring owing to sample away from the probe area image, this neighbor point linear interpolation is easy to generate noise.For avoiding this phenomenon, as shown in Figure 3, the present invention increased a plug wire processing links before described DSC interpolation processing.The described scan-line data of this plug wire processing and utilizing generates the virtual scan line data, thereby inserts virtual scan line between the real scan line, makes that image also has enough sample rates away from probe area.Described like this scan-line data or virtual scan line data are carried out described neighbor point linear interpolation processing for DSC without distinction, because the increase of virtual scan line, the frequency band of image own is narrow, the composition that is higher than cut-off frequency is very low, image is through after the described interpolation, be higher than the above signal of pick-off signal very a little less than, make that the picture noise after handling is more weak, very little to the image influence.
Described plug wire is handled as shown in Figure 4, and solid line is represented actual received scanline, and dotted line is represented the virtual scan line that increases, can be to insert one or several virtual scan lines between two real scan lines, and diagram is an example with 2.As seen, along the polar theta axle, in the place of supersonic source image away from probe, distance is very far away between two real scan lines; Insert after the virtual scan line, distance reduces between two scanning lines, and the sample rate of image is improved.
Described virtual scan line is to be generated by interpolation processing by contiguous real scan line.Described contiguous real scan line can be two or four.Among the embodiment shown in Figure 5, insert a virtual scan line E between two real scan line A and C, this virtual scan line E can be by four contiguous real scan line A, B, and C and D interpolation form.Because the virtual scan line that inserts is equivalent to source images has been carried out low-pass filtering, the coefficient of low pass filter is exactly the filtering interpolation coefficient, might as well suppose real scan line A, B, and the ultrasonic echo information of C and D (being also referred to as scan-line data herein) is respectively X
A, X
B, X
CAnd X
D, the ultrasonic echo information of virtual scan line is X
Eθ represents the normalization angle between virtual scan line E and the real scan line A, does normalization with the angle between the real scan line, then
X
E＝f(1+θ)×X
B+f(θ)×X
A+f(1-θ)×X
C+f(2-θ)×X
D
Wherein, the weight coefficient of each scanning line, i.e. interpolation coefficient f (1+ θ), f (θ), f (1-θ) and f (2-θ) they are filter coefficients, the scope of θ is 0 to 1.This group filter coefficient is relevant with described normalization angle theta.
In order to weaken the noise that interpolation is introduced, need to select suitable low-pass filter coefficients.The embodiment of the invention adopts comes calculating filter coefficient based on cubic B-spline function.Because B-spline function has centre symmetry, can handle two neighbor points of positive and negative both direction respectively.Here be that example is described with the positive direction, the scope of definition is 0 to 2.The scope of fractional part θ is 0 to 1, and two interpolation coefficients need finding the solution are respectively f (θ) and f (1+ θ), and two coefficients of its symmetric negative sense are f (1-θ) and f (2-θ).Definition cubic spline interpolation coefficient is as follows
f(θ)＝a
30θ
3+a
20θ
2+a
10θ+a
00 0＜θ＜1
f(θ)＝a
31θ
3+a
21θ
2+a
11θ+a
01 1＜θ＜2
When calculating interpolation coefficient, can give superior function according to practical situation increases some restrictive conditions.For example: if interpolation point just in time overlaps with source data, promptly θ equals 0, and then requiring the interpolation calculation result is source data, and promptly f (0) equals 1; Equal 1 or at 2 o'clock at θ, f (1) equals 0, and f (2) equals 0.According to the seriality definition, interpolating function need be continuous at 0 and 1 location point; First derivative is 0 at 0 and 2 location points, should be continuous at location point 1.Have 7 restrictive conditions so altogether.And cubic spline functions one has eight variablees, so need variable α of definition
f(θ)＝(a+2)θ
3-(a+3)θ
2+1 0＜θ＜1
f(θ)＝aθ
3-5aθ
2+8aθ-4a 1＜θ＜2
In addition, according to the cubic spline interpolation basis, four filter coefficient f (1+ θ), f (θ), f (1-θ) and f (2-θ) sum should be 1.Therefore under any circumstance, interpolating function does not have the effect that zooms in or out to signal.
Fig. 6 has provided the interpolation filter coefficient situation under the different values of variable α, and wherein abscissa is the variation of fractional part θ, and vertical coordinate is the interpolation filter coefficient value.As seen, when α was negative, function f (θ) was a positive number in 0 to 1 scope, was negative in 1 to 2 scope.When α increased, the secondary lobe that causes in 1 to 2 scope can increase.This effect is similar to a sinc function after the windowing.The sinc function is a kind of ideal interpolation low pass filter, its on frequency domain corresponding to a square window function.Select different variable α, can obtain different filter effects.Accordingly, at the embodiment of Fig. 5, might as well select α to equal-1, owing to just insert a virtual scan line between two real scan lines, it is respectively f (1.5) that the θ of this moment equals 0.5, four filter coefficient, f (0.5), and f (0.5) and f (1.5), and
f(0.5)＝(-1+2)×0.5
3-(-1+3)×0.5
2+1＝0.625
f(1.5)＝-1×1.5
3-5×(-1)×1.5
2+8×(-1)×0.5-4×(-1)＝-0.125
Then calculate virtual scan line after the interpolation ultrasonic echo data be
X
E＝-0.125×X
B+0.625×X
A+0.625×X
C-0.125×X
D
Be not sent in the DSC module through virtual scan line and real scan line after the interpolation processing described with not distinguished together.Because the insertion of virtual scan line, distance reduces between two scanning lines, and sample rate is improved.Along the polar theta axle, the ultrasonoscopy sample rate is improved.Adopt 4 linear interpolation of traditional vicinity to carry out DSC again and handle, can't increase picture noise.
Plug wire of the present invention is handled, can be as shown in Figure 3, scanning line after handling through signal processing channel is carried out, can also be to be included in the described signal processing channel to carry out, or in described DSC, undertaken carrying out before the described neighbor point linear interpolation processing by this DSC.
The present invention shows through verification experimental verification, uses big convex probe under similarity condition, adopts the image that obtains after the inventive method more clear than original, especially the middle far field part of image.
Claims (9)
1. the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in the ultrasonic image-forming system comprises step:
A. the signal processing channel of compuscan extracts the information in the ultrasonic echo, forms the scan-line data of various imagings based on polar coordinate system;
It is characterized in that, also comprise step:
B. utilize described scan-line data to generate the virtual scan line data, thereby between the real scan line, insert virtual scan line; Described scan-line data or virtual scan line data are carried out interpolation processing for digital scan convertor without distinction, wherein, described virtual scan line data are to be generated by filtering interpolation by four contiguous real scan line data, and obtain by following weighting scheme:
X
E＝f(1+θ)×X
B+f(θ)×X
A+f(1-θ)×X
C+f(2-θ)×X
D
Wherein, X
EExpression virtual scan line data, X
A, X
B, X
CAnd X
DRepresent each real scan line data, θ represent virtual scan line E and and real scan line A between the normalization angle, and f (θ) satisfies:
f(θ)＝(a+2)θ
3-(a+3)θ
2+1 0＜θ＜1
f(θ)＝aθ
3-5aθ
2+8aθ-4a 1＜θ＜2
Wherein α is the variable of definition;
C. digital scan convertor utilizes the neighbor point linear interpolation processing to obtain imaging each display pixel data based on Cartesian coordinates according to described scan-line data, and is sent to the display demonstration.
2. according to the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in the described ultrasonic image-forming system of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
It is the virtual scan line that inserts one or more between two real scan lines that described plug wire is handled.
3. according to the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in claim 1 or the 2 described ultrasonic image-forming systems, it is characterized in that:
Described virtual scan line data are to be generated by filtering interpolation by the contiguous real scan line data more than two.
4. according to the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in the described ultrasonic image-forming system of claim 3, it is characterized in that:
In the described filtering interpolation, the employed weight coefficient of each real scan line is the interpolation filter coefficient.
5. according to the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in the described ultrasonic image-forming system of claim 4, it is characterized in that:
Described interpolation filter coefficient is based on that cubic B-spline function calculates.
6. according to the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in the described ultrasonic image-forming system of claim 4, it is characterized in that:
Described interpolation filter coefficient is based on that low pass filter design obtains.
7. according to the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in the described ultrasonic image-forming system of claim 3, it is characterized in that:
Described virtual scan line data are to be generated by filtering interpolation by four contiguous real scan line data, and obtain by following weighting scheme
X
E＝-0.125×X
B+0.625×X
A+0.625×X
C-0.125×X
D
Wherein, X
EExpression virtual scan line data, X
A, X
B, X
CAnd X
DRepresent each real scan line data.
8. according to the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in the described ultrasonic image-forming system of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
Described plug wire is handled and was carried out before each scan-line data is sent to digital scan convertor.
9. according to the scanning wire plug-wire treatment method in the described ultrasonic image-forming system of claim 1, it is characterized in that:
It is to be undertaken carrying out before the described neighbor point linear interpolation processing by this digital scan convertor in digital scan convertor inside that described plug wire is handled.
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| CN106373103A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-02-01 | 飞依诺科技(苏州)有限公司 | Ultrasonic data compounding method and apparatus |
| JP6811069B2 (en) * | 2016-10-07 | 2021-01-13 | 古野電気株式会社 | Underwater detection signal processing device, underwater detection device, and underwater detection signal processing method |
| CN110327073B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2022-03-11 | 无锡海斯凯尔医学技术有限公司 | Digital scan conversion method, device, equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN113520458A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-22 | 逸超科技(北京)有限公司 | Trapezoidal extension imaging method and equipment for ultrasonic diagnostic equipment |
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Application publication date: 20090325 Assignee: Shenzhen Mindray Animal Medical Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SHENZHEN MINDRAY BIO-MEDICAL ELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2022440020009 Denomination of invention: Scanning line insertion processing method in ultrasonic imaging system Granted publication date: 20110720 License type: Common License Record date: 20220804 |