CN101390350B - Verified distance ranging - Google Patents
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- CN101390350B CN101390350B CN200780006859.1A CN200780006859A CN101390350B CN 101390350 B CN101390350 B CN 101390350B CN 200780006859 A CN200780006859 A CN 200780006859A CN 101390350 B CN101390350 B CN 101390350B
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Abstract
Various techniques are described relating to verifying a distance between devices. A distance between two devices may be verified by requiring one of the devices to take one or more actions that generate a result that is only possible if the device is at most a given distance from the other device. In some aspects verified ranging is accomplished through the use of a ranging signal and a responsive signal. In some aspects the ranging signal may comprise a random, pseudorandom, or deterministic sequence. A responding device may operate on a ranging signal in accordance with a known function to generate a responsive signal. A ranging device also may perform operations to determine the likelihood that a responding device properly operated on a ranging signal that the ranging device transmitted to the responding device.
Description
The CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS case
The application's case is advocated based on April 18th, 2006 filing an application and assigned and the 60/793rd of assignee of the present invention, the right of No. 189 U.S. Provisional Patent Application cases also has precedence over described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case, and the disclosure of described U.S. Provisional Patent Application case is incorporated herein by reference.
Technical field
The application's case generally relates to distance ranging, and relates to the distance ranging checking.
Background technology
Distance ranging relates to the distance of determining between two positions.In a typical sight, the distance of the measurement device of rangefinder from described rangefinder to another object for example.The distance ranging device can adopt various technology, for example laser, radar, sonar and various forms of radio frequency (" RF ") signaling.For simplicity, in this article with term " distance ranging " referred to as range finding.
Can be by adopting range finding with the RF signaling in communication system.For example, in wireless communication system, range unit can determine signal from described range unit be sent to the used time quantum of another device, signal from another device be sent to the used time quantum of described range unit or described both.Then, range unit can calculate the distance between the described device based on any one and the known propagation velocity (for example light velocity) of RF signal in these times.
Some system adopts the two-way news exchanging mechanism to measure two relative distances between the device.For example, first device can send to the range finding bag the second device.Then, the second device can be beamed back to first device and reply bag, and wherein said answer bag indication the second device transmits the used time quantum of described answer bag (that is, the turnaround time of the second device) after receiving the range finding bag.Then, first device can be determined with this turnaround time the actual propagation time of bag.At this moment, first device receives the bag time institute's elapsed time amount of replying with being calculated as total two-way time from its when bag transmission range finding to it.Then, first device can be determined the actual propagation time by deduct turnaround time from total two-way time.
In practice, the two-way news of this form exchange range finding easily suffers from the second device.For example, the second device can send to first device with error message in replying bag, thereby so that seems that at first device the second device is than in fact more close first device.For example, the second device can report its time that receives range finding bag from first device than its in fact receive time of range finding bag more Zao and also report time comparability that its transmission replys bag its actual to upload the time that defeated answer wraps more late.
A kind of method of head it off is to differentiate the second device to first device with public/private cipher key exchange and authentication server.In case through differentiating, first device can be trusted the information that the second device is reported subsequently.Yet in practice, the device that can't obtain in this way trusting also may need the discriminating of finding range.Therefore, need to have more reliable ranging technology.
Summary of the invention
Hereinafter summarize instance aspect of the present invention.For simplicity, in this article can be with one or more aspects of the present invention referred to as " some aspect ".
The present invention relates to ranging technology in certain aspects.For example, can adopt ranging technology to verify or determine distance between two radio communication devices.
The present invention also relates to the range finding of empirical tests in certain aspects.For example, the range finding of empirical tests can be used for determining between two devices distance whether effectively or be in the allowable range.The range finding of empirical tests also can be used for verifying between two devices the really accuracy of set a distance.At this moment, the range finding of empirical tests can be used for guaranteeing that the distance between range unit and the responding device is less than or equal to set distance.
In certain aspects, can whether can carry out a certain action based on device (for example responding device) and verify distance.At this moment, if described behavior can be defined as in a certain scope that described device is in another device (for example range unit), then described device can only be carried out described action (for example producing particular result).For example, in the system that adopts two-way news exchange range finding, responding device (for example may need) can be in response to the reception distance measuring signal in official hour amount (turnaround time of for example stipulating) signal transmission.At this moment, the turnaround time of regulation can be defined as with respect to quite little with expection true round trip propagation time of being associated of measuring distance.Then, range unit can add that the turnaround time of regulation verifies described distance two-way time by determining whether to be less than or equal to total measured two-way time expection.In this way, the turnaround time by regulation limits the distance that the property lied about device can be lied about.
In certain aspects, distance measuring signal can comprise at random, pseudorandom or certainty sequence.For example, distance measuring signal can comprise pulse train, and wherein each pulse has random selected value.In this case, will be corresponding to the described sequence of distance measuring signal from the correct response signal of responding device.
In certain aspects, responding device processes produce response signal based on the function of known signal response scheme to distance measuring signal by basis.For example, responding device can utilize described function to process the information of distance measuring signal representative (for example sending) in distance measuring signal.Then, responding device with treated communication to knowing described signal response scheme and thereby knowing the range unit of described function.Described range unit can verify thus that its information that receives from responding device used described function to be processed rather than lied about in a certain mode by correct.
In certain aspects, range unit determines that the described range unit of the correct processing of responding device sends to the possibility (for example probability) of the distance measuring signal of responding device.For example, range unit can adopt the statistical analysis to process the response signal that receives from responding device, and to obtain about following confidence level: in fact responding device responds over against distance measuring signal and still just attempting to lie about response to distance measuring signal.
Description of drawings
Consider with reference to hereinafter describe in detail, enclose claims and accompanying drawing, will understand more fully these and other feature of the present invention, aspect and advantage, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the simplification block diagram of some exemplary aspect of the communication system of the range finding that is suitable for providing empirical tests;
Fig. 2 is for through carrying out the flow chart with some exemplary aspect of the operation of range finding that empirical tests is provided;
Fig. 3 is the simplicity of illustration of the exemplary aspect of the transmission of graphic extension signal and processing;
Fig. 4 is the simplicity of illustration of exemplary aspect of the function of graphic extension processing signals;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of some exemplary aspect of the operation that can carry out in conjunction with the range finding of empirical tests;
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of some exemplary aspect of the operation that can carry out in conjunction with the range finding of empirical tests; And
Fig. 7 is the simplification block diagram of some exemplary aspect of the communication system of the range finding that is suitable for providing empirical tests;
According to convention, the various features of graphic middle graphic extension are not drawn on scale also.Therefore, for the purpose of clear, the size of various features can enlarge arbitrarily or dwindle.In addition, for the purpose of clear, can simplify that some is graphic.Therefore, the described graphic all component that may not describe both locking equipment (for example, device) or method.At last, whole specification and graphic in, can represent same characteristic features with identical reference numerals.
Embodiment
Hereinafter will describe various aspect of the present invention.Should be clear, can various forms implement this paper teaching and arbitrary ad hoc structure disclosed herein, function or described both are only representative.Based on this paper teaching, the person of ordinary skill in the field should be appreciated that, aspect disclosed herein can be independent of that any other side is implemented and can make up in every way two or more aspects in these aspects.For example, can come facilities and equipments or hands-on approach with the aspect described herein of any number.In addition, the one in aspect described herein or more than the one, also can and functionally implement this equipment or put into practice this method with other structure, functional or structure.For example, some aspect can relate to based on the characteristic of a plurality of signals and verify determined distance, and other side can relate to and verifies determined distance and determine whether based on the characteristic of a plurality of signals and receive at least one signal in the cycle at official hour.
Fig. 1 graphic extension comprises device 102 and installs some aspect of 104 communication system 100, device 102 and install 104 carry out and demo plant 102 and 104 between the various operations of distance dependent.Whether in certain aspects, the checking distance relates to is processed signal, can be for the set distance relation between the demo plant 102 and 104 with the characteristic of determining those signals.In certain aspects, checking distance relates to be determined the distance between the device 102 and 104 and verifies described definite distance.As illustrated among Fig. 1, device 102 and 104 can communicate with one another via wireless communication link 106.
With the device 102 and 104 in simplified way depiction 1 example illustrated, determine and be associated to process some assembly of relevant function to focus on to provide with distance.For example, device 102 can comprise the device of carrying out range operation, can comprise the device that the operation relevant with range finding responded and install 104.Therefore, device 102 is depicted as focus on the assembly that can adopt in such as lower device: this device finally determine between the device 102 and 104 one or more apart from and based on as described in determine to carry out one or more operations.On the contrary, device 104 is depicted as focus on the assembly that can adopt in such as lower device: this device can determine to operate in combination executable operations with the distance of installing 102.Should be appreciated that, set device can comprise for device 102 functions of describing, for device 104 functions of describing or its a certain combination and other function.
Now in connection with the example operational of descriptive system 100 in more detail of the flow chart among Fig. 2.For simplicity, operation shown in Figure 2 (or any other operation of discussing herein) can be described as carried out by concrete assembly (for example installing 102 and 104).Yet, should be appreciated that, these operations can be carried out and can be carried out with the assembly of different numbers by other assembly.Should also be clear that one or more can not being implemented in the set embodiment in the operation described herein.
Represented such as the block 202 among Fig. 2, for example install 102 range unit and can optionally determine distance between range unit and the responding device, for example install 104.Described distance determines that operation can carry out with various ranging technologies, for example with the time of advent scheme, two-way news exchange ranging scheme or a certain scheme that other is fit to carry out.
In the example of Fig. 1, device 102 can comprise apart from determiner assembly 108, and it is suitable for carrying out and the various functions of determining that one or more Range-based parameters (for example installing the relative distance between 102 and 104) are relevant.In certain embodiments, can utilize apart from determiner 108 or cooperate to determine distance with one or more other assemblies (for example transceiver 140).
But the distance between range unit demo plant 102 and 104, with attempt to determine between two devices distance whether effectively or be in the allowable range.In certain aspects, this can relate to determine of checking apart from (for example, guaranteeing that determined distance is accurately).At this moment, range unit can be carried out proper handling and not damage the range operation of range unit to guarantee described responding device or a certain other device.
In certain aspects, range unit can by make responding device take certain measure, only to produce at responding device apart from range unit both obtainable result just during set a distance at the most, verify distance.The example of this operation relates to the two-way news swap operation, wherein in the cycle during transmission response signal, can assert to the checking of described distance at its official hour after range unit receives proper signal at responding device.
Fig. 3 is with simplified way graphic extension exemplary two-way news swap operation.At T0 constantly, range unit is transferred to responding device with signal 302, and is represented such as line 304.Described signal arrives described responding device at time T 1 place, and is represented such as signal 306.Therefore, signal is represented by the time intervals 308 from the propagation time system that the device of finding range transfers to responding device.
Responding device is processed received signal 306 between time T 1 and time T 2.This processing time thereby by time intervals 310 expression.
At time T 2 places, responding device is transferred to range unit with treated signal 312, and is represented such as line 314.Described signal arrives range unit at time T 3 places, represented such as signal 316.Therefore, signal is transferred to the propagation time of range unit by the time intervals 318 expression from responding device.
Total time between transmission pulse 302 and the received pulse 316 is by time cycles 320 expression.Such as hereinafter more in detail discussion, but the range unit time-based cycles 320, the represented knowledge that reaches the official hour cycle that is associated with the time cycle 310 two-way time was verified distance, and the wherein said official hour cycle is subject to suitable restriction.Should be appreciated that, can stipulate in every way each time cycle (for example two-way time) of above discussing.For example, can come the zero-time in regulation given time cycle by the time (such as zero-time, interlude, concluding time or zero crossing time etc.) that is associated with pulse, symbol, message or a certain other type signal, perhaps can a certain other suitable mode come the regulation zero-time.Similarly, can be come by the time (such as zero-time, interlude, concluding time or zero crossing time etc.) that is associated with pulse, symbol, message or a certain other type signal the concluding time in regulation given time cycle, perhaps can a certain other suitable mode come the regulation concluding time.
Referring again to Fig. 2, represented such as block 204, range unit with to installing 102 and the checking of installing the distance between the 104 generation distance measuring signal that combines.In the example of Fig. 1, can produce this signal by signal generator 110 at first.In certain aspects, distance measuring signal can be based on random, pseudorandom or certainty sequence.Therefore, device 102 also can comprise sequence generator 112.At this moment, should be appreciated that, the sequence of using responding device not known in advance can make responding device more be difficult to lie about it apart from the distance of range unit.
Represented such as block 206, range unit is transferred to responding device with distance measuring signal.For this purpose, transceiver (for example ultra-wideband transceiver) 140 comprises transmitter assembly 114 and receiver assembly 116.Similarly, device 104 comprises transceiver 118, and it has receiver assembly 120 and transmitter assembly 122.
Represented such as block 208, responding device is processed the distance measuring signal that receives from range unit.For example, responding device can utilize these two devices all known function process received signal.In certain embodiments, this can relate to and confuse received information, so that the response signal that the second device transmits can distinguish with the reflected signal of original distance measuring signal.In certain aspects, known function can utilize or otherwise process known array or a certain out of Memory.This information can produce in every way, for example, comprises random fashion, pseudo-random fashion or certainty mode.
In certain embodiments, described information is based on that the encryption key processed by range unit and responding device produces.For example, described device can be during the paired process that relates to Fei Di-Hellman (Diffie-Hellman) cipher key change or a certain other proper procedure interchange key.By using the sequence that produces from this or this type of key, it is a kind of for differentiating any key that exchanges with the same device that just carries out the distance checking that the verification operation of distance-based described herein also can provide.
Referring again to Fig. 1, device 104 can comprise signal generator 124, and the distance measuring signal that its processing receives is to produce response signal.Discuss as mentioned, responding device can be carried out the operation of block 208 in the cycle at official hour before block 210 places are transferred to range unit with treated signal.Therefore, device 104 can comprise timer assembly 126, and timer assembly 126 can be conducive to carry out or force to carry out this timing restriction.
Fig. 4 is with a kind of sample function and sample sequence that can be applicable to institute's receiving sequence signal of simplified way graphic extension.In this example, range unit is transferred to responding device with the first signal 402A of sequence.Signal 402A is associated with null value.The function assembly 404A of described responding device implements known function, and described known function combines processing signals 402A with the first value 406A to the known sequence of range unit and responding device.Function assembly 404A produces output (having in this example null value) based on signal 402A and value 406A.Then, responding device produces the signal corresponding to the output of function assembly 404A, and described signal is transferred to range unit, and 408A is represented such as pulse.
In this example, function 404A comprises the XOR function.Yet, should be appreciated that, according to this paper teaching content, also can adopt the function of various other types.For example, can use time-varying function, the result of wherein said function reaches in time the value of described input or a plurality of inputs and changes.
Then, can be to repeating aforesaid operations from follow-up signal 402B, the 402C of the sequence of range unit and successor value 406B, 406C and the 406D of 402D and known array.For simplicity, Fig. 4 graphic extension is by the subsequent operation of function assembly 404B, 404C and 404D execution.Yet, should be appreciated that, in certain embodiments, these operations can be carried out by the common mathematical function assembly.
Referring again to the operation of Fig. 2, represented such as block 210, responding device will be transferred to range unit through the response signal of suitable processing.As hereinafter discussing more in detail official hour cycle (for example, the turnaround time of regulation) the interior transmission response signal of responding device after it receives distance measuring signal.In the example of Fig. 1, this transmission can and be installed 102 receiver assembly 116 and finish via device 104 transmitter assembly 122.
Represented such as block 212, range unit can come distance between demo plant 102 and 104 based on the characteristic of the treated signal that receives and distance measuring signal.For example, range unit can determine that whether the treated signal that receives receives in the official hour cycle (for example, total two-way time) after block 206 places transmission distance measuring signal.In addition, range unit can be carried out statistical analysis or a certain other proper operation determines whether responding device processes distance measuring signal with known array.For carrying out these and other associative operation, the device 102 among Fig. 1 can comprise apart from validator 128, and it comprises signal response scheme module 130, statistical analyzer 132 and other assembly, and for example the timer assembly 134.
In certain aspects, the distance between the demo plant 102 and 104 can relate to determine whether described distance can allow or no effectively.As the example of last sight, can verify that apart from validator 128 described distance is in the distance of regulation, it is acceptable being in the performance that the interior meeting of distance of described regulation is regarded as for one or more operations associated.As the example of a rear sight, the information that can be identified for verifying described distance apart from validator 128 whether impaired by a certain mode or for a certain other is former thereby unreliable.
In certain aspects, the distance between the demo plant 102 and 104 can relate to the treated signal that processing receives, with the information of acquisition with described distance dependent.For example, can determine apart from validator 128 whether device 102 receives treated signal after block 206 places transmission distance measuring signal in the official hour interval.At this moment, under effectively learning signal propagation time and making condition about the supposition of installing turnaround time of 104, can come and go regularly with this and come demo plant 102 and 104 to be in the set scope.Another is chosen as, and can come with information two-way time the estimated value (for example, will taking into account turnaround time) of the actual range between calculation element 102 and 104 apart from validator.
In certain aspects, the distance between the demo plant 102 and 104 can relate to checking previous the accuracy of definite distance.At this moment, can a certain mode (mode of for example above discussing in conjunction with block 202) determine the distance between device 102 and 104.Then, can verify this distance with the operation of block 212.For example, can with the operation of block 212 determine to make determine the distance must be in the upper limit that wherein just can reach correct verification.In other words, if determined distance is in below the described upper limit, determine that then distance is verified.
Represented such as block 214, if range unit verify out two distances between the device effectively or be in the allowable range (for example, institute determines apart from being accurately), then range unit can be based on verify apart from taking one or more measures.For example, can enable (for example calling) based on described distance, stop using (for example stopping) or carry out (for example making amendment in function) one or more operations.For this purpose, the device 102 of Fig. 1 can comprise Operation Processor assembly 136, and whether it is suitable for being in the set scope of range unit based on for example responding device carries out one or more operations.If satisfy this condition, then range unit can be carried out various tasks, for example wherein comprises to range unit to differentiate responding device or carry out one or more operations so that some service that responding device can the access range unit provides.This type of service can be including (for example) being connected to network, access metering paid service, financial transaction and accessing multimedia.At this moment, multimedia can be including (for example) in the group that is comprised of data, audio frequency, video and image at least one.
Should be appreciated that, the operation of Fig. 2 only is the sample of the operation that can carry out according to this paper teaching content.For example, range unit can utilize various technology to carry out the definite operation of distance.In addition, can adopt various technology to verify one or more distances.In addition, range unit can adopt various forms of signalings.For example, if will modulate signal, then can adopt dissimilar modulation scheme.In addition, signaling can represent dissimilar information.For the operation of responding device, can adopt various types of known functions to process the signaling that receives, and this type of function can be suitable for the out of Memory that utilizes known array or take various forms.In addition, range unit can utilize various technology to verify and receive correct signal from responding device.
Hereinafter discuss the additional detail apart from the example of verification operation that adopts the two-way news exchange scheme in connection with flow chart shown in Fig. 5 and 6.Fig. 5 relates to (for example) can be by the operation of first device (for example installing 102) execution.Fig. 6 relates to (for example) can be by the operation of the second device (for example installing 104) execution.As indicated above, should be appreciated that, the example that Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 be provided to be being used for the purpose of graphic extension, and the teaching content of this paper also can be used for utilizing in the system of other type of different assemblies and operative combination.
In certain aspects, can adopt the parameter of one or more regulations apart from verification operation.For example, can stipulate turnaround time, it was measured about maximum time, and the second device (for example responding device) responds to the signal that receives from first device (for example range unit) in should measuring in described maximum time.By using this timing, can effectively protect first device, determine operation to prevent the distance that the second device or a certain other device are attempted to damage based on the message between first and second device.For example, first device can by distance measuring signal being transferred to the second device and making the second device transmission indicate the response signal of the turnaround time of the second device, calculate two-way time or one-way time between first device and the second device.At this moment, the turnaround time of the second device is with receive the time cycle when installing transmission response signal distance measuring signal time to the second from the second device relevant.
Suppose the turnaround time that the second device report is correct, then first device can calculate actual signal propagation time between first and second device by deduct turnaround time from total two-way time.At this moment, can be to its institute's elapsed time amount total two-way time during from first device transmission distance measuring signal in time that receives response signal.Yet, if second the device do not report correct turnaround time, it may be inaccurate can really establishing a capital based on any and Range-based that this turnaround time carries out.
As discussing more in detail hereinafter, by using the turnaround time of the second regulation of installing, even, also can make roughly accurately apart from determining during turnaround time at the second device reporting errors.For example, the turnaround time of regulation can be defined as in the acceptable error scope that is in set measuring distance scope.Therefore, the second device wants to report that any attempt in cycle turnaround time of lying about all can affect determined distance hardly.In addition, first device can refuse (for example ignoring) any turnaround time that surpasses regulation report turnaround time.For instance, the time cycle of 1 nanosecond can substantially be equal to the signal propagation distance and be about 1 foot.Therefore, if the turnaround time of defined was defined as for 1 nanosecond, then the second device is wanted to lie about any attempt of its turnaround time and all will be caused approximately 1 foot error to determine distance at the most.At this moment, first device can ignore any surpass 1 nanosecond report turnaround time.For obtaining higher fail safe, can be defined as zero second the turnaround time of supposition, the device of being differentiated to guarantee (for example the second device) is in the scope of regulation.At this moment, owing to the actual steering time will be non-zero, so the second device in fact will be closer to the scope of regulation.
In addition, if the turnaround time that the second device provides is insincere, then first device can be just with the distance between total measured two-way time and supposition definite first and second device of turnaround time.In other words, first device does not need to depend on any direction information that the second device provides.When any error that is associated with the turnaround time (rather than actual steering time) of using supposition all is in the acceptable range of tolerable variance, can adopt this embodiment.For instance, the time cycle of 10 nanoseconds can roughly be equal to approximately 10 feet signal propagation distance.Therefore, suppose when being 10 nanosecond by the turnaround time in regulation that turnaround time was 5 nanoseconds, the error that is associated with range measurement will be about five feet at the most.
In certain aspects, first device can be verified the distance of determining that provides with a certain alternate manner (for example by a certain other range finding mechanism) with the turnaround time of regulation between described device.For example, can by determine total turnaround time that adds regulation actual two-way time that whether in the tolerance limit, is less than or equal to expection measured two-way time (if perhaps report the turnaround time-credible), obtain the auxiliary indication to the distance between first and second device.At this moment, the actual two-way time of expection is corresponding to the initial distance of determining between described device (for example being determined by a certain other range finding mechanism).Discuss as mentioned, if the turnaround time that the second device provides is insincere, then can have a certain error measure to be associated with the use of the turnaround time of regulation.Therefore, if described auxiliary distance indication is no more than the initial a certain threshold quantity of distance of determining, then the initial distance of determining can be verified.
Can give different value of the official hour cycle of above discussing.In certain aspects, the value in official hour cycle can with and first and second device between the distance range that is associated of desired distance relevant.For example, if described device operates, then be about the typical propagation time (for example being about for 30 nanoseconds) that is associated with described scope total two-way time in scope is about 10 meters human body local area network.Similarly, if described device operates in scope is about 30 meters human body local area network, then total two-way time can relevant with described scope (for example being about for 100 nanoseconds).Should be appreciated that, can be other network stipulate other two-way time and/maybe can make two-way time based on other standard.
Turnaround time can stipulate in a similar manner.For example, if described device operates in scope is about 10 meters human body local area network, then acceptable turnaround time can be relevant with the typical propagation time (for example less than 30 nanoseconds) that is associated with described scope.In addition, described turnaround time can to accept range error relevant with a certain in described scope.For example, be 1 meter (for example error of 10%) if can accept range error, then turnaround time can be defined as and be about for 2 or 3 nanoseconds.Similarly, if described device operates in scope is about 30 meters PAN (Personal Area Network), then turnaround time can be relevant with described scope (for example less than 100 nanoseconds, perhaps 10 nanoseconds).Should be appreciated that, can be other network stipulate other turnaround time and/maybe can make turnaround time based on other standard.
In certain aspects, but the specified signal response scheme, and wherein the second device will be processed the information that receives from first device with described signal response scheme.For example, the signal response scheme can be with relevant to received information application known function.Also can stipulate the information (for example sequence) that will be combined with described signal response scheme.In certain aspects, can stipulate to produce this information with random fashion, pseudo-random fashion, certainty mode.In certain aspects, can stipulate described information based on one or more encryption keys.For example, described information can be first device, the second device or for the function of one or more encryption keys that both are known (for example being safeguarded by described device).
As hereinafter discussing more in detail, by using known signal response scheme, first device can verify that second installs the information of correctly processing from the first device reception.For example, the second device can attempt to damage by the response signal of lying about to the first device transmission in the moment that shifts to an earlier date the definite operation of distance of first device.At this moment, owing to will earlier receive the response signal of lying about than real response signal, so first device might be determined that second installs than its physical location closer to first device by deception ground.
Yet, use the known signal response scheme just can make the more difficult response signal of lying about of the second device.For example, from first device be transferred to second the device information (for example sequence) may not be second the device known to.Yet if the definite operation of infringement distance, the second device must transmit the response signal of lying about in the more Zao moment in the moment that will transmit true response signal than the second device originally.Therefore, for lying about response signal, the second device will need correctly to guess out the content of first device transmitted information.Therefore, can take to come transmission information so that lie about the more difficult measure of carrying out, and can take measures to determine whether the second device is just attempting to lie about this information.Discuss in more detail these and other operation in connection with Fig. 5 and 6 example illustrated operations now.
Represented such as block 602 among block among Fig. 5 502 and Fig. 6, first and second device can obtain afore mentioned rules parameter or other parameter by a certain suitable method.In certain embodiments, these parameters can be offered first device and/or the second device (for example by another device).In certain embodiments, can be by one or more these parameters that produce in first and second device.For example, first device can be stipulated (for example selecting) parameter and described parameter is offered the second device.In certain embodiments, can a kind ofly relatively be static mode (for example when making first and second device or its when coming into operation at first) installs these Parameter Programmings to first and second in.
Referring now to the operation among Fig. 5, at block 504 places, can with suitable ranging scheme as discussed above optionally determine first and second the device between distance.Can adopt various technology to come measuring distance, wherein including (for example) measurements of arrival time value, bidirectional ranging, two-way news switching technology and institute's received power measured value.In the example of Fig. 1, can come measuring distance by using the one or more employing corresponding circuits (for example: laser circuit, optical circuit, signal strength measurement circuit, RF circuit and the signal processing circuit that is associated) in these technology apart from determiner 108.In certain embodiments, one or more distances can be determined that assembly is implemented in the radio communication device (for example transceiver 140).For example, a kind ofly determine that with the RF signal embodiment of distance can utilize transceiver 140 to receive and/or transmit and the relevant signal (for example ultra-wideband pulse) of range finding.
Shown in block 506, in certain aspects, can make about the distance of determining at block 504 places whether being in determining in the tolerance interval.For example, distance determines that the purpose of operation can be based on the second device and whether enough determine whether to take a certain measure close to first device.In this case, if the distance of determining is not in the tolerance interval, then may need not the determined distance of checking (for example, differentiating), because in no case can carry out described measure.For this purpose, Fig. 1 can comprise comparator 138 apart from determiner 108, and it determines distance and one or more threshold with institute, and described one or more threshold values can remain in the device 102 and (for example be stored in the data storage).Apart from determiner 108 can provide thus about determine distance greater than threshold distance, less than threshold distance, equal threshold distance, still be in indication by the distance range of two or more threshold distances regulation.If determining distance be in the desired range of values (such as less than threshold value etc.), then first device can begin to verify the operation of definite distance.
Represented such as block 508, first device produces first group of at least one first signal, to be used for verifying the distance between the described device.Generally, the representative of described signal group can be used for verifying that the second device processed the information of a certain form of this signal group.For this purpose, described signal group can comprise: individual signals, several signal, signal group, burst or a certain other signal combination.
In certain aspects, can stipulate described signal group by a kind of more difficult mode of guesing out the information of described signal group representative of the second device that makes.For example, can a kind ofly not be second the device known to the certainty mode produce described signal group.Another is chosen as, can be a kind of random or pseudo-random fashion produce described signal group.Therefore, in certain aspects, described signal group can based on or comprise random sequence, pseudo random sequence or certainty sequence.
In certain aspects, can a certain mode modulate described signal group.For example, first device can change one or more characteristics that are associated with described signal group, wherein including (for example) time, frequency, phase place and amplitude.Discuss as mentioned, can random fashion, pseudo-random fashion or certainty mode change these characteristics.
Can adopt various modulation schemes that modulated signal group is provided.For example, in certain aspects, modulation scheme can adopt phase shift keying, ON/OFF keying, frequency shift keying or time-shift keying.Therefore, can be based on for example random, pseudorandom or certainty sequence or out of Memory, modulate set input signal (for example, the ultra-short pulse swash of wave) with the one in these schemes.
First device comprises the various assemblies for these and other operation of implementing to be associated with the described signal group of generation.With reference to the example of Fig. 1, the sequence generator 112 of device 102 can be suitable for producing random sequence, pseudo random sequence or certainty sequence.In addition, signal generator 110 can be suitable at first producing described signal group.Signal generator 110 also can comprise modulator 142, and modulator 142 is suitable for modulating one or more signals and produces described signal group.
Referring again to Fig. 5, represented such as block 510, first device is transferred to the second device with first group of at least one first signal (being the first signal group).In the example of Fig. 1, transmitter 114 is via Radio Link 106 transmission first signal groups.In certain aspects, first device is followed the tracks of at first group of at least one first signal of transmission and from the second device and is received institute's elapsed time amount between the response signal (for example total signal two-way time).In the example of Fig. 1, timer assembly 134 can be suitable for beginning fixed cycle operator after transmission first signal group.
Referring now to the sample operations of the second device shown in Figure 6, at block 604 places, the second device receives first group of at least one first signal (being the first signal group) from first device.In the example of Fig. 1, receive the first signal group via receiver 120.Discuss as mentioned, received signal can be subject to modulating and can be relevant with the information of a sequence or a certain other type.
In certain aspects, may need the second device receiving the first signal group after within cycle turnaround time of stipulating the transmission response signal.For example, if second the device not the regulation turnaround time in the transmission response signal, then first device can stop or ignore the result that any distance that is associated with described response signal is determined associative operation.Therefore, the second device can be configured to carry out its function by a kind of mode of attempting to guarantee to satisfy defined turnaround time.For example, can end other operation (for example transmission) of the second device, until send response signal.For this purpose, represented such as block 606, the second device can be the very first time with the time rule that receives described signal group at block 604 places.For example, can will receive that from the first signal winding specification signal is defined as the very first time (for example very first time point).Then, the second device can determine when the second time that needs the transmission response signal with this very first time.For example, can will be defined as the second time (for example the second time point) from secondary signal group transmission specification signal.In the example of Fig. 1, timer assembly 126 can provide the function relevant with these and any other fixed cycle operator.
Represented such as block 608, the second device produces the response signal of the form that is second group of at least one secondary signal.This secondary signal group can comprise individual signals, several signal, signal group, burst or a certain other signal combination.In the example of Fig. 1, produce the secondary signal group by signal generator 124.
In certain aspects, the second device produces the secondary signal group by installing all known signal response scheme according to first and second to the represented market demand function of first signal group.For example, the device of second among Fig. 1 104 can be processed (for example, demodulation) first signal group, to derive the information (for example sequence) that is produced by first device 102.Then, signal generator 124 can be processed based on the signal response scheme information of derivation, to produce the secondary signal group.As discussing more in detail hereinafter, producing the secondary signal group with known function can provide a kind of first device that makes can verify that after analyzing the secondary signal group second installs the mechanism of having processed the first signal group.
Described signal response scheme and the function that is associated can be any form that can realize these and other similar target.For example, in certain aspects, described function relates to change (for example determining) and whether wants signal transmission (for example pulse).In certain aspects, described function relates to the phase place that changes in a known way signal.In the example of Fig. 1, signal response scheme module 144 can be provided for processing the first signal group to produce the function of secondary signal group.
In certain aspects, the signal response scheme can relate to the information of processing except the first signal group.For example, this information can comprise the sequence of regulation, known one group of phase adjustment value or known a certain other appropriate information of first and second device.This information (for example sequence 146 of regulation) can be stored in the data storage.
In certain aspects, signal response scheme module 144 can comprise function module 148, function module 148 is suitable for processing first signal group (for example processing the represented data of first signal group) and the known information of first and second device, to produce the secondary signal group.In certain aspects, the function that provides of function module 148 can comprise XOR computing (for example, as describing in conjunction with Fig. 4).Yet, should be appreciated that, function module 148 also can be implemented the function of other type.
Represented such as block 610, the second device is transferred to first device with the secondary signal group.For example, signal generator 124 can produce one group of signal (for example one or more signals), and described signal group is modulated according to the result of signal response scheme.Then, transmitter 122 is via the modulated signal group of communication link 106 transmission.
Discuss as mentioned, the second device can transmit the secondary signal group second time (for example within the turnaround time of regulation) of official hour in the cycle after the very first time.For instance, if the official hour cycle is 10 microseconds, then the second time can be up to after the very first time but be no more than arbitrary time point of 10 microseconds after the very first time.Therefore, the second device can be after the very first time 2 nanoseconds, after the very first time 10 nanoseconds, after the very first time 1 micron etc. locate to transmit secondary signal.
Referring again to Fig. 5, at block 512 places, first device receives the secondary signal group.In the example of Fig. 1, can receive the secondary signal group at receiver 116 places via communication link 106.
Represented such as block 514, first device (for example Fig. 1's apart from validator 128) is verified distance between the described device based on the characteristic of first signal group and secondary signal group.At this moment, verify that described distance can relate to various operations.For example, checking can relate to the checking actual range, verify that described distance is in the set scope of latent distance value, verify that described distance is whether consistent with the indication of another and distance dependent, perhaps checking determines to operate relevant other side with one or more distances.In certain aspects, checking distance is relevant with following operation: processing signals to be producing the indication of the distance dependent between installing with first and second, and proves conclusively determined distance (for example, verify the accuracy of definite distance) with described indication.In certain aspects, this operation is relevant with following operation: (for example process received signal, determine the signal that associative operation combines and receives with distance), attempting to verify that the second device correctly processes received signal, rather than attempt to lie about it apart from the result of the distance of first device as the second device.Hereinafter discuss this type of determine apart from the various aspects of verification operation in connection with block 516 and 518.
Represented such as block 516, the second device determines whether to receive the secondary signal group in the cycle at official hour after transmission first signal group.In the example of Fig. 1, apart from validator 128 can and timer 134 is collaborative determines in transmission first signal group and receive institute's elapsed time amount between the secondary signal group (for example measured total two-way time).
In certain aspects, the official hour cycle of block 516 can comprise and first and second device between maximum can accept time cycle of Range-based connection.At this moment, if surpass the official hour cycle, can think that then the second device is too far away apart from first device measured total two-way time.By contrast, if be in official hour measured total two-way time in the cycle, can think that then first and second device is in the tolerance interval each other.
Another is chosen as, and in certain aspects, the official hour cycle at block 516 places can join with previous determined Range-based.For example, the described official hour cycle can be the time cycle of determining that according to previous distance was estimated for total two-way time.In this case, if surpass the described official hour cycle (for example comprising a certain range of tolerable variance) measured total two-way time, then first device can determine that described distance (for example previous distance of determining) is not by checking.By contrast, if be in (being less than or equal to) official hour measured total two-way time in the cycle, then first device can determine that described distance is by checking.
Based on above determining, can affect in a suitable manner any operation that the distance accepted between originally will installing according to first and second is carried out.For example, both can call also and can never call operation, both can stop also not terminating operation, perhaps can a certain alternate manner impact operation.
Shown in block 518, first device can determine that the secondary signal group is whether corresponding to the expected results to the signal response scheme of first signal group and the regulation the optionally sequence of regulation used.For this purpose, the device 102 of Fig. 1 can comprise signal response scheme module 130, and it can carry out the operation of the signal response scheme module 144 that is similar to device 104.In certain aspects, to have processed the first signal group relevant for the operation of block 518 and checking discussed above the second device.For this purpose, first device (such as function module 150) can be used known function to the first signal group and such as the Given informations such as sequence 152 (such as being stored in the data storage) of regulation.Then, described signal response scheme module 130 can be compared the result of this operation with the secondary signal group.Make based on this result relatively and followingly to determine: second installs the whether correct operation of executed, and perhaps whether the second device lies about (for example attempting conjecture) expected results, determines operation with the distance of attempting to damage first device.
In addition, can be by the relatively large or lossy communication medium of noise (for example link 106) when transmission in known each signal group, the mode of the potential error that causes in received signal with a kind of calculating and by described communication medium of can taking measures is analyzed the secondary signal group that is received.For example, the second device can transmit sufficiently long sequence (for example based on the sequence from first device), even in order in institute's receiving sequence, have error, and the sequence that first device can Correct Analysis be received.
In certain aspects, first device can be analyzed received information, with the information of determining that information that in fact the second device is processed first device and sent is still guessed first device randomly and sent.For example, this process can relate at the expected results of described function and carry out the statistical hypothesis test between the actual information that receives of the second device (data that for example derive from the secondary signal group).Then first device can produce with about the relevant confidential interval of the second device described information of actual treatment or the probability guessed.
In certain aspects, first device can adopt statistical analysis (for example via statistical analyzer 132) to determine whether received information is correct on statistics.This process can relate to (for example) and make decision between the information of the hypothesis of the information that the second device actual treatment first device sends and the transmission of the random conjecture of the second device first device.For example, statistical analyzer 132 can produce the Binomial sequence relevant with these hypothesis and these are supposed and one or more threshold.In certain embodiments, statistical analyzer 132 random Bernoulli (Bernoulli) (0.5) process with adopt statistical to test based on the probability of channel (for example wireless communication link) error rate between less than 0.5 random process.By using these or other technology, statistical analyzer 132 can be made about the bits number of correct reception determining greater than threshold value whether.
Then, first device will take appropriate measures based on the result to the secondary signal group.For example, guess if determine the second device, then can interrupt current distance and determine operation, and can begin the definite operation of new distance.In addition, discuss as mentioned, decide on the result, both can call also the operation (for example being associated with Operation Processor 136) that can never call, both can stop also can not stop or can a certain alternate manner affect one or more distance-baseds.
On this basis, can be used for such as will briefly being processed based on the range finding of the exemplary in the systems such as system's (such as radio ultra wide band system) of pulse verification operation.In fact, this operation relates to the first node of carrying out traditional ranging procedure and the Section Point that is used for determining the distance D between described two devices.Then, first node is verified the distance apart from Section Point by requiring Section Point to carry out the behavior that only just can carry out when Section Point is at most distance D apart from first node.At first, with set interval (for example X nanosecond), first node determines whether randomly via set communication medium transmission pulse.Simultaneously, Section Point scans described communication medium, whether receives pulse from first node to determine it.If Section Point has received pulse, then Section Point arrives first node with burst transmissions within the official hour cycle (for example T nanosecond).If Section Point not yet receives pulse, then the second device is not to the first node transmission pulse.In certain embodiments, Section Point can confuse institute's received pulse according to pseudo random sequence or based on a certain other standard.For example, decide on the currency of sequence, Section Point can come transmission pulse or transmission pulse not in response to institute's received pulse, and perhaps Section Point can transmit when it does not receive pulse or transmission pulse not.
First node also scans described channel to determine whether it receives any pulse from Section Point.If receive, then first node is measured the time delay between the moment of first node transmission pulse and first node receives pulse from Section Point moment.In addition, first node is measured the relevance between the pulse of the pulse of its transmission and its reception.Then, first node can be by taking measured time delay and described time delay being produced the conservative estimation value of the distance between described two nodes divided by the light velocity.Then, first device is compared described relevance with confidential interval, to attempt determining whether the Section Point pattern whether the actual treatment first node is transmitted or Section Point attempt to guess randomly described pattern.In certain aspects, consistent (on the single order) of number can be apparently higher than 50%.If by the relevance inspection, then first node can verify that Section Point is in the distance D of first node.
This paper teaching content can be included in various types of devices and (for example be implemented in the described device or by described device and carry out).For example, one or more aspects taught herein can be included in phone (for example cellular phone), personal digital assistant (" PDA "), entertainment device (for example music or video-unit), headphone (earphone for example, receiver etc.), microphone, medical treatment device (biometric sensor for example, heart rate monitor, pedimeter, EKG device etc.), user I/O device (is for example shown, remote controller, switch, keyboard, mouse etc.), the tire pressure monitoring device, entertainment device, point of sale device, computer, point of sale device, hearing aids, video converter or have a certain other appropriate device of wireless signaling ability.In addition, these devices can have different power and data demand.In certain aspects, this paper teaching content can be suitable for (for example by using signaling schemes and the low duty cycle mode based on pulse) in the low power applications, and can support to comprise the various data transmission rates (for example by using the high bandwidth pulse) of relatively high data transmission rate.
In the device 102 and 104 any one all can comprise for the various assemblies of carrying out function based on the signal that transmits via wireless communication link or receive.For example, headphone can comprise the signal that is suitable for based on receiving via receiver provides the converter that can listen output.Table can comprise the display that is suitable for providing based on the signal that receives via receiver vision output.Medical treatment device can comprise that be suitable for producing will be via the transducer of institute's sense data of transmitter transmission.
In certain aspects, the device 102 and 104 or other suitable device can communicate or form ultra-wide band network via ultra-wide band network.For example, can bring by the ultra-short pulse that use has relatively short length (for example being about in certain embodiments several nanoseconds) and a relatively wide bandwidth and realize communication.The ultra broadband signaling can be specially adapted to implement range operation in the embodiment of the pulse of adopting relative narrower.In certain aspects, each ultra-wideband pulse can have and is about 20% or above bandwidth and/or be about 500MHz or above bandwidth.Ultra-wide band network can take various forms, wherein including (for example) human body local area network or PAN (Personal Area Network).
Assembly described herein can be implemented in every way.With reference to Fig. 7, in incorporating the system 700 that equipment 702 and equipment 704 are arranged into, each equipment list is shown a succession of relevant functional block, described functional block can represent carried out by (for example) processor, software, its a certain combination or with the function of a certain embodied in other of this paper teaching.As shown in Figure 7, equipment 702 can comprise one or more modules 706,708,710,712,714,716 and 718 that can carry out above with reference to one or more functions of each graphic description.In addition, equipment 704 can comprise one or more modules 720,722,724 and 726 that can carry out above with reference to one or more functions of each graphic description.For example, being used for processor 706 relatively can provide such as this paper institute teaching and more relevant function, and the assembly 138 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).Processor 708 that be used for to determine distance can provide such as the definite relevant function of this paper institute teaching and distance, and the assembly 108 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).The processor 710 that is used for changing can provide the function relevant with processing such as this paper institute teaching, and the assembly 110 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).The processor 712 of sequence for generation of regulation can provide the function relevant with sequence generation such as this paper teaching, and the assembly 112 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).The processor 714 that is used for transmission can provide as this paper teaching with communication is installed relevant various functions to another, and the assembly 114 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).The processor 716 that be used for to receive can provide as this paper teaching with receive information-related various functions from another device, and the assembly 116 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).The processor 718 of be used for determining can provide such as the distance of this paper teaching and/or the relevant function of signal authentication, and the assembly 128 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).The processor 720 that be used for to receive can provide as this paper teaching with receive information-related various functions from another device, and the assembly 120 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).The processor 722 that is used for transmission can provide as this paper teaching with communication is installed relevant various functions to another, and the assembly 122 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).Can provide such as this paper teaching for generation of the processor 724 of signal to produce relevant function with signal, and the assembly 124 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).The processor 726 of sequence for generation of regulation can provide the function relevant with sequence generation such as this paper teaching, and the assembly 124 that can above discuss corresponding to (for example).
As indicated above, Fig. 7 graphic extension can be implemented these assemblies via suitable processor module in certain aspects.In certain aspects, these processor modules can be implemented with the structure of this paper teaching at least in part.In certain aspects, processor can be suitable for implementing some or all functions one or more in these assemblies.In certain aspects, one or more in the assembly showed of dotted line frame are optional.
In certain aspects, equipment 702 or equipment 704 can comprise integrated circuit.Therefore, described integrated circuit can comprise one or more processors of the function that processor module shown in Figure 7 can be provided.For example, in certain aspects, the function of processor module shown in can being implemented by single processor, and in other side can be by the function of processor module shown in implementing more than a processor.In addition, in certain aspects, integrated circuit can comprise some of processor module shown in be used for the implementing of other type or the assembly of all functions.
In addition, can implement assembly shown in Figure 7 and function and other assembly described herein and function with any suitable device.Such device also can be implemented with the counter structure of this paper teaching (at least in part).For example, in certain aspects, be used for device relatively and can comprise comparator, be used for determining that the device of distance can comprise apart from determiner, can comprise signal generator for the device of making change, device for generation of the sequence of stipulating can comprise sequence generator, the device that is used for transmission can comprise transmitter, the device that is used for receiving can comprise receiver, the device that is used for determining can comprise apart from validator, device for generation of signal can comprise signal generator, and can comprise signal generator for generation of the device of the sequence of stipulating.Also can be according to one or more one or more such devices of implementing in the processor module of Fig. 7.
The person of ordinary skill in the field should be appreciated that, can represent information and signal with in various different technologies and the skill and technique any.For example, the data that may mention in the whole text described above, instruction, order, information, signal, position, symbol and chip all can be represented by voltage, electric current, electromagnetic wave, magnetic field or particle, light field or particle or its any combination.
The person of ordinary skill in the field will be further understood that, various illustrative logical blocks, module, processor, device, circuit and the algorithm steps described in conjunction with aspect disclosed herein can be embodied as electronic hardware (for example digital embodiment, analogy embodiment or both combinations, this can design with source code or a certain other technology), various forms of programs or design code (for simplicity, can be referred to as in this article " software " or " software module ") or both combinations of include instruction.Be this interchangeability of graphic extension hardware and software clearly, above with regard to the large volume description of its function various Illustrative components, piece, module, circuit and step.This function adopts hardware or software mode to implement to depend on application-specific and the design constraint that puts on the total system.The person of ordinary skill in the field can implement described function by different way for each application-specific, and still, this type of embodiment determines should not be interpreted as deviating from scope of the present invention.
Various illustrative logical blocks, module and the circuit described in conjunction with each side disclosed herein may be implemented in integrated circuit (" IC "), access terminal or the access point or by its execution.Described IC can comprise: general processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, electronic building brick, optical module, mechanical component or any through design carrying out the combination of function described herein, but and executive resident outside or both code or instruction at inner, the described IC of described IC.General processor can be microprocessor, but another is chosen as, and processor can be any conventional processors, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Processor also can be embodied as the combination of calculation element, for example, and the associating of the combination of DSP and microprocessor, the combination of multi-microprocessor, one or above microprocessor and DSP core, or arbitrarily other this type of configuration.
Should be appreciated that, in institute's announcement process, the example that any concrete order of each step or classification are Sample Method.Based on the preferential selection of design, should be understood that to rearrange step order concrete in the described process or classification and simultaneously maintenance within the scope of the invention.The claim to a method item of enclosing has presented the element of different step according to the illustration order, and does not plan the concrete order or the classification that are confined to present.
The method of describing in conjunction with aspect disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can be embodied directly in the hardware, be implemented in the software module of being carried out by processor or be implemented in both combinations.Software module (for example comprising executable instruction and related data) and other data can reside in the data storage, but for example reside in the computer-readable storage medium of any other form known in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, eprom memory, eeprom memory, register, hard disc removable disk, CD-ROM or the technique.Exemplary storage medium can be coupled to machine, for example be coupled to computer/processor (for simplicity, can be referred to as " processor " in this article), thus make the described processor can be from read information (for example code) and to the medium writing information.Exemplary storage medium can consist of the part of processor.Processor and medium can reside among the ASIC.ASIC can reside in the subscriber equipment.Another is chosen as, and processor and medium can be used as discrete component and reside in the subscriber equipment.In addition, in certain aspects, any suitable computer program all can comprise computer-readable media, and described computer-readable media comprises the code relevant with one or more aspects of the present invention.In certain aspects, computer program can comprise encapsulating material.
The person of ordinary skill in the field provide above explanation to institute announcement aspect so that can make or use the present invention.The person of ordinary skill in the field will be easy to understand the various modifications to these aspects, and the General Principle that this paper defines can be applicable to other side and do not deviate from scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention does not plan to be defined in aspect shown in this paper, but will give its broad range consistent with principle disclosed herein and novel feature.
Claims (84)
1. method of verifying distance, it comprises:
First group of at least one first signal is transferred to the second device;
In response to described first group of at least one first signal, receive second group of at least one secondary signal by described the second device transmission;
Based on the characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal and described second group of at least one secondary signal, determine between first device and described the second device distance whether effectively or tolerable; And
Described first device is by taking in order to only to produce at described the second device apart from the most both just obtainable result's measures during set a distance of described first device described the second device, verify described distance, wherein said first device is range unit, and described the second device is responding device.
2. the method for claim 1 is wherein saidly determined to comprise: determine whether that the official hour after the described transmission of described first group of at least one first signal receives described second group of at least one secondary signal in the cycle.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, the wherein said official hour cycle is corresponding to the desired distance between described first device and described the second device.
4. the method for claim 1 is wherein saidly determined to comprise: determine that described second group of at least one secondary signal is whether corresponding to the signal response scheme of the regulation that described first group of at least one first signal used.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, the signal response scheme of wherein said regulation comprise to the sequence of regulation and to described first group of at least one first signal utility function.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, the sequence of wherein said regulation comprise random or pseudo random sequence.
7. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein according to described first device and described the second device at least one at least one encryption key that is associated produce the sequence of described regulation.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said function comprises XOR.
9. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said function comprise and determine whether signal transmission.
10. whether method as claimed in claim 4 is wherein determined to comprise corresponding to the described of signal response scheme of the described regulation that described first group of at least one first signal used to described second group of at least one secondary signal: described second group of at least one secondary signal carried out the statistical analysis.
11. the method for claim 1, wherein:
The described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal comprises by in the following group that forms at least one: time, frequency, phase place, and amplitude;
Described first device changes at least one in the described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal; And
In the described characteristic of described second group of at least one secondary signal at least one on function based in the described characteristic that is changed by described first device described at least one.
12. the described change that method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said first device are made comprise with random or pseudo-random fashion change in the described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal described at least one.
13. the described change that method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said first device are made comprise with the certainty mode change in the described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal described at least one.
14. the method for claim 1, wherein after described the second device received described first group of at least one first signal, described the second device transmitted described second group of at least one secondary signal at official hour in the cycle.
15. method as claimed in claim 14, the wherein said official hour cycle comprises 10 microseconds.
16. the method for claim 1, whether it further comprises the distance of determining between described first device and described the second device, wherein effective or permissiblely describedly determine to comprise to described first and second distance between installing: as to determine based on the described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal and described second group of at least one secondary signal whether described definite distance is accurate.
17. method as claimed in claim 16, it further comprises described definite distance and threshold, if wherein describedly relatively indicate described definite distance to be equal to or less than described threshold value, then transmits described first group of at least one first signal.
18. method as claimed in claim 16, wherein said distance determine to comprise the measurements of arrival time scheme of using.
19. the method for claim 1, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises through modulation signal.
20. method as claimed in claim 19 wherein saidly comprises through phase-shift keying modulating signal, through ON/OFF keying modulation signal, through the shift keying modulation signal or through the time-shift keying modulation signal through modulation signal.
21. the method for claim 1, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprise at least one random or pseudo-random signal.
22. the method for claim 1, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises the pulse train of regulation.
23. the method for claim 1, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises at least one ultra-wideband pulse.
24. method as claimed in claim 23, wherein each ultra-wideband pulse has and is about 20% or above part bandwidth, have to be about 500MHz or above bandwidth or to have and be about 20% or above part bandwidth and have and be about 500MHz or above bandwidth.
25. the method for claim 1, the described transmission of wherein said first group of at least one first signal and the described reception of described second group of at least one secondary signal are via the air interface of PAN (Personal Area Network) or the air interface of human body local area network.
26. an equipment that is used for the checking distance, it comprises:
Transmitter, it is suitable for first group of at least one first signal is transferred to device;
Receiver, it is suitable for receiving second group of at least one secondary signal being transmitted by described device in response to described first group of at least one first signal;
Validator, its be suitable for based on the characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal and described second group of at least one secondary signal determine between described equipment and the described device distance whether effectively or tolerable; And
Wherein, described equipment is by making described device take to verify described distance in order to only to produce at described device apart from the most both just obtainable result's measures during set a distance of described equipment, and wherein said equipment is range unit, and described device is responding device.
27. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said validator are further adapted for the official hour that determines whether after the described transmission of described first group of at least one first signal and receive described second group of at least one secondary signal in the cycle.
28. equipment as claimed in claim 27, the wherein said official hour cycle is corresponding to the desired distance between described equipment and the described device.
29. being further adapted for, equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said validator determines that described second group of at least one secondary signal is whether corresponding to the signal response scheme of the regulation that described first group of at least one first signal used.
30. equipment as claimed in claim 29, the signal response scheme of wherein said regulation comprise to the sequence of regulation and to described first group of at least one first signal utility function.
31. equipment as claimed in claim 30, the sequence of wherein said regulation comprise random or pseudo random sequence.
32. equipment as claimed in claim 30, the sequence of wherein said regulation are to produce according at least one encryption key that is associated with in described equipment and the described device at least one.
33. equipment as claimed in claim 30, wherein said function comprises XOR.
34. comprising, equipment as claimed in claim 30, wherein said function determines whether signal transmission.
35. equipment as claimed in claim 29, wherein said validator is further adapted for carries out the statistical analysis to described second group of at least one secondary signal, to determine that described second group of at least one secondary signal is whether corresponding to the signal response scheme of the described regulation that described first group of at least one first signal used.
36. equipment as claimed in claim 26, it further comprises signal generator, and described signal generator is suitable for changing at least one in the described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal, wherein:
The described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal comprises by in the following group that forms at least one: time, frequency, phase place and amplitude; And
In the described characteristic of described second group of at least one secondary signal at least one on function based in the described characteristic that is changed by described signal generator described at least one.
37. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein said signal generator be further adapted for random or pseudo-random fashion change in the described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal described at least one.
38. equipment as claimed in claim 36, wherein said signal generator be further adapted for the certainty mode change in the described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal described at least one.
39. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein after described device received described first group of at least one first signal, described device transmitted described second group of at least one secondary signal at official hour in the cycle.
40. equipment as claimed in claim 39, the wherein said official hour cycle comprises 10 microseconds.
41. equipment as claimed in claim 26, it further comprises apart from determiner, describedly be suitable for determining distance between described equipment and the described device apart from determiner, wherein said validator is further adapted for based on the described characteristic of described first group of at least one first signal and described second group of at least one secondary signal determines whether described definite distance is accurate.
42. equipment as claimed in claim 41, it further comprises comparator, described comparator is suitable for described definite distance and threshold, and wherein said transmitter is further adapted in described situation of relatively indicating described definite distance to be equal to or less than described threshold value and transmits described first group of at least one first signal.
43. equipment as claimed in claim 41 wherein saidly is further adapted for the measurements of arrival time scheme of using apart from determiner.
44. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises through modulation signal.
45. equipment as claimed in claim 44 wherein saidly comprises through phase-shift keying modulating signal, through ON/OFF keying modulation signal, through the shift keying modulation signal or through the time-shift keying modulation signal through modulation signal.
46. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprise at least one random or pseudo-random signal.
47. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises the pulse train of regulation.
48. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises at least one ultra-wideband pulse.
49. equipment as claimed in claim 48, wherein each ultra-wideband pulse has and is about 20% or above part bandwidth, have to be about 500MHz or above bandwidth or to have and be about 20% or above part bandwidth and have and be about 500MHz or above bandwidth.
50. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said transmitter is suitable for transmitting via the air interface of the air interface of PAN (Personal Area Network) or human body local area network, and described receiver is suitable for receiving via the described air interface of described PAN (Personal Area Network) or the described air interface of described human body local area network.
51. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said equipment are a kind of headphone for the treatment of signal, described headphone further comprises:
Converter, it is suitable for providing based on the signal that receives via described receiver can listen output.
52. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said equipment are a kind of table for the treatment of signal, described table further comprises:
Display, it is suitable for providing visual output based on the signal that receives via described receiver.
53. equipment as claimed in claim 26, wherein said equipment are a kind of medical treatment device for the treatment of signal, described medical treatment device further comprises:
Transducer, it is suitable for producing will be via institute's sense data of described transmitter transmission.
54. the method in response to signal, it comprises:
Receive first group of at least one first signal at the first device place from the second device, wherein constantly receive described first group of at least one first signal first;
Based on described first device and the known signal response scheme of described the second device, by the market demand function that is represented by described first group of at least one first signal is produced second group of at least one secondary signal;
Second in the cycle of official hour after described first moment is transferred to described second group of at least one secondary signal described the second device constantly; And
Described the second device is by taking in order to only to produce at described first device apart from the most both just obtainable result's measures during set a distance of described the second device described first device, verify described distance, wherein, described first device is responding device, and described the second device is range unit.
55. method as claimed in claim 54, the described generation of wherein said second group of at least one secondary signal comprise described first device and the described second sequence of installing known regulation are used described function.
56. method as claimed in claim 55, the sequence of wherein said regulation comprise random or pseudo random sequence.
57. method as claimed in claim 55, wherein according to described first device and described the second device at least one at least one encryption key that is associated produce the sequence of described regulation.
58. method as claimed in claim 54, wherein said function comprises XOR.
59. comprising, method as claimed in claim 54, wherein said function determine whether signal transmission.
60. method as claimed in claim 54, wherein:
Make described first constantly to join with the signal correction that receives appointment from described first group of at least one first signal; And
At the described second signal that constantly transmits from the appointment of described second group of at least one secondary signal.
61. method as claimed in claim 54, the wherein said official hour cycle comprises 10 microseconds.
62. method as claimed in claim 54, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprise at least one through phase-shift keying modulating signal, at least one through ON/OFF keying modulation signal, at least one is through the shift keying modulation signal or at least one is through the time-shift keying modulation signal.
63. method as claimed in claim 54, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprise at least one random or pseudo-random signal.
64. method as claimed in claim 54, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises the pulse train of regulation.
65. method as claimed in claim 54, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises ultra-wideband pulse.
66. such as the described method of claim 65, wherein each ultra-wideband pulse has and is about 20% or above part bandwidth, have to be about 500MHz or above bandwidth or to have and be about 20% or above part bandwidth and have and be about 500MHz or above bandwidth.
67. method as claimed in claim 54, the described reception of wherein said first group of at least one first signal and the described transmission of described second group of at least one secondary signal are via the air interface of PAN (Personal Area Network) or the air interface of human body local area network.
68. an equipment that is used in response to signal, it comprises:
Receiver, it is suitable for receiving first group of at least one first signal, wherein constantly receives described first group of at least one first signal first;
Signal generator, it is suitable for based on described equipment and installs known signal response scheme, by the market demand function that is represented by described first group of at least one first signal is produced second group of at least one secondary signal;
Transmitter, its second in cycle of official hour that is suitable for after described first moment constantly is transferred to described device with described second group of at least one secondary signal;
Wherein, described device is by making described equipment take to verify described distance in order to only to produce at described equipment apart from the most both just obtainable result's measures during set a distance of described device, and wherein, described equipment is responding device, and described device is range unit.
69. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said signal generator is further adapted for uses described function to the sequence of the known regulation of described equipment and described device, to produce described second group of at least one secondary signal.
70. such as the described equipment of claim 69, the sequence of wherein said regulation comprises random or pseudo random sequence.
71. such as the described equipment of claim 69, the sequence of wherein said regulation is to produce according at least one encryption key that is associated with in described equipment and the described device at least one.
72. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said function comprises XOR.
73. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said function comprises and determines whether signal transmission.
74. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein:
Described first joins with the signal correction that receives appointment from described first group of at least one first signal constantly; And
Described transmitter is further adapted in the described second constantly transmission from the signal of the appointment of described second group of at least one secondary signal.
75. such as the described equipment of claim 68, the wherein said official hour cycle comprises 10 microseconds.
76. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprise at least one through phase-shift keying modulating signal, at least one through ON/OFF keying modulation signal, at least one is through the shift keying modulation signal or at least one is through the time-shift keying modulation signal.
77. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises at least one random or pseudo-random signal.
78. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises the pulse train of regulation.
79. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said first group of at least one first signal comprises ultra-wideband pulse.
80. such as the described equipment of claim 79, wherein each ultra-wideband pulse has and is about 20% or above part bandwidth, have to be about 500MHz or above bandwidth or to have and be about 20% or above part bandwidth and have and be about 500MHz or above bandwidth.
81. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said transmitter is suitable for transmitting via the air interface of the air interface of PAN (Personal Area Network) or human body local area network, and described receiver is suitable for receiving via the described air interface of described PAN (Personal Area Network) or the described air interface of described human body local area network.
82. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said equipment is a kind of headphone for the treatment of signal, described headphone further comprises:
Converter, it is suitable for providing based on the signal that receives via described receiver can listen output.
83. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said equipment is a kind of table for the treatment of signal, described table further comprises:
Display, it is suitable for providing visual output based on the signal that receives via described receiver.
84. such as the described equipment of claim 68, wherein said equipment is a kind of medical treatment device for the treatment of signal, described medical treatment device further comprises:
Transducer, it is suitable for producing will be via institute's sense data of described transmitter transmission.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US79318906P | 2006-04-18 | 2006-04-18 | |
| US60/793,189 | 2006-04-18 | ||
| US11/735,867 | 2007-04-16 | ||
| US11/735,867 US8552903B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2007-04-16 | Verified distance ranging |
| PCT/US2007/066903 WO2007121488A1 (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2007-04-18 | Verified distance ranging |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101390350A CN101390350A (en) | 2009-03-18 |
| CN101390350B true CN101390350B (en) | 2013-04-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200780006859.1A Active CN101390350B (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2007-04-18 | Verified distance ranging |
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| CN (1) | CN101390350B (en) |
| AR (1) | AR060529A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI371192B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8159367B2 (en) * | 2009-10-16 | 2012-04-17 | Rf Controls, Llc | Methods for noise validated phase ranging RFID location |
| JP5591419B1 (en) * | 2013-10-04 | 2014-09-17 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Distance measuring device and distance measuring method |
| US20160352605A1 (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2016-12-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Systems and methods for distance bounding to an authenticated device |
| MX2018006208A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2018-08-01 | Koninklijke Philips Nv | System for verifying distance measurements. |
| US11582215B2 (en) * | 2016-06-12 | 2023-02-14 | Apple Inc. | Modifying security state with secured range detection |
| CN109147305B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-03-31 | 合肥京东方视讯科技有限公司 | Device and method for detecting actual maximum control distance of remote controller |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6614387B1 (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2003-09-02 | Qinetiq Limited | Proximity measuring apparatus |
| CN1672382A (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2005-09-21 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Secure authenticated distance measurement |
-
2007
- 2007-04-18 CN CN200780006859.1A patent/CN101390350B/en active Active
- 2007-04-18 TW TW096113703A patent/TWI371192B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-04-18 AR ARP070101661A patent/AR060529A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6614387B1 (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2003-09-02 | Qinetiq Limited | Proximity measuring apparatus |
| CN1672382A (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2005-09-21 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Secure authenticated distance measurement |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI371192B (en) | 2012-08-21 |
| CN101390350A (en) | 2009-03-18 |
| AR060529A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
| TW200814637A (en) | 2008-03-16 |
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