CN101387689A - Method for testing safety of lithium secondary battery by alkaline cell - Google Patents
Method for testing safety of lithium secondary battery by alkaline cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN101387689A CN101387689A CNA2008101989788A CN200810198978A CN101387689A CN 101387689 A CN101387689 A CN 101387689A CN A2008101989788 A CNA2008101989788 A CN A2008101989788A CN 200810198978 A CN200810198978 A CN 200810198978A CN 101387689 A CN101387689 A CN 101387689A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for using alkali battery to test the safety of lithium secondary battery, belonging to the battery technical field, which comprises: serially connecting an alkali battery or an alkali battery unit with an object lithium secondary battery or an object lithium secondary battery unit to from a discharge/charge (or inverse charge) circuit, to charge or discharge (or inverse charge) the object lithium secondary battery or battery unit via the alkali battery or battery unit in force, wherein the voltage of the alkali battery or battery unit in the charge circuit should be higher than the voltage of the object lithium secondary battery or battery unit, and the capacity of the alkali battery or battery unit in the discharge (or inverse charge) circuit should be higher than the capacity of the object lithium secondary battery or battery unit. The method can find the hidden dangers of lithium secondary batteries, to confirm the safe application of the lithium secondary batteries, having simple, easy and reliable operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention belongs to field of batteries with the method for alkaline battery testing safety of lithium secondary battery, especially about a kind of method for testing security of lithium secondary battery.
Technical background
In recent years, along with lithium secondary battery towards small size, high-energy-density, high power, powerful development, lithium secondary battery is by multi-field and use widely, as mobile phone, wireless device, notebook, instrument and meter, warning, toy, remote control, video camera, Aeronautics and Astronautics, navigation, computing machine, communication, electrical equipment, game machine, household electrical appliance or the like.The safety issue of battery also becomes increasingly conspicuous simultaneously, and safety problem also more and more is subjected to attention extraordinarily.For example: high-energy-density, high power, powerful lithium secondary battery and electric battery are in the application of aspects such as electric tool, electronic toy, portable charged instrument, emergent charging power supply, because various abuses, as overcharged, can both be taken place under the situations such as overdischarge, straight charging, reverse charge, short circuit, high temperature safety problem such as on fire, blast and the user is caused danger.So for lithium secondary battery is come into the market safely, battery all needs to carry out a series of security performance test before putting goods on the market, judge with this whether product is qualified.It is particularly important that detection technique, detection means then seem.
Along with the method for testing of various safety test mechanism and the appearance of examination criteria, the safety detecting method of battery is more and more, has formed increasing standard.At present existing main battery safety test has: electric test (comprise continue to charge, overcharge, forced electric discharge, short circuit etc.), mechanical test (comprise extruding, acupuncture, heavy impact, vibration, freely fall etc.), environmental testing (comprising high-temperature baking, high temperature storage, infrabar, heat shock cycling, constant damp and hot, immersion etc.).The testing standard of existing main lithium battery has at present: U.S. UL1642, UL 2054 etc.; Europe IEC 60086, IEC 62133, and IEC 61959, and IEC 60950, Battery Directive etc.; Chinese national standard GB/T18287, GB 8897.4, the mark GJB447 of army, GJB2374; Japan JIS 8712, JIS 8714 etc. also have IEEE 1625 in addition, IEEE 1725 and above standard and instruction carried out standard that new revision forms and instruction etc.In above standard and the instruction all specified in more detail the method for testing and the requirement of battery, stipulated to overcharge, cross put, anti-current/voltage condition of filling.
Although method of testing and testing standard are a lot; and battery will use above-mentioned various test to carry out security test and assessment before dispatching from the factory; with add various holding circuits and protected; guaranteeing the safe in utilization of battery, but security incidents such as still some battery is smoldered in actual use, on fire, blast.Trace it to its cause, under the malfunctioning situation of holding circuit, battery is under the situation of abuse or in the wrong charging process, still there is unsafe factor in battery, especially embodies more obvious in the application of toy and portable charged power supply.Toy and portable charged power supply use alkaline battery or electric battery to do the charge power supply of lithium secondary battery morely now; worst overcharge and anti-condition of filling be the wrong line; avoided the protection of fender, alkaline battery or electric battery are directly to lithium secondary battery charging or counter filling.The whole bag of tricks of this explanation existing standard regulation is united the security that use still can't fully reflect battery.Security incidents such as that the battery of real performance safety should not take place under any condition is on fire, blast must all be perfectly safe under any condition.Therefore, guarantee the security of lithium secondary battery under any service condition, then must imitate situation about using, improve its safety test condition.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to reflect fully that in order to overcome in the prior art safety of lithium secondary battery detection method and condition battery overcharging resisting, anti-mistake put the shortcoming of security performance, a kind of method for testing security of battery that more can fully reflect safety of lithium secondary battery is provided.
The invention provides a kind of safety of lithium secondary battery method of testing, this method comprises directly connects the lithium secondary battery of alkaline battery or electric battery and tested security performance or electric battery and forms charge or discharge (or reverse charge) loop, makes alkaline battery or electric battery give lithium secondary battery or the electric battery forced charge or the overdischarge (or reverse charge) of tested security performance.Wherein, the voltage of charge circuit neutral and alkali battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the voltage of electric battery; The capacity of discharge (or reverse charge) loop neutral and alkali battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the capacity of electric battery.Alkaline battery or electric battery comprise Alkaline Zinc-manganese cell, ickel-cadmium cell, Ni-H cell, zinc-nickel cell, or its electric battery, are not limited thereto.
Lithium secondary battery safety detecting method provided by the invention, in charge circuit, owing to make the voltage of alkaline battery or electric battery greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the voltage of electric battery, make alkaline battery or electric battery force lithium secondary battery or batteries charging to tested security performance with maximum voltage and unrestriction maximum current, make battery in the test of overcharging, affacting voltage on the battery and the electric current by battery strengthens greatly, thereby have than overcharging of stipulating in the present standard stronger effect and the execution of overcharging arranged, the physical security energy that reflects battery more realistically reduces the potential safety hazard of lithium secondary battery to a greater degree.
Lithium secondary battery safety detecting method provided by the invention, in discharge (or reverse charge) loop, since in the loop and devices such as electricity consumption electronics such as non-resistance have a resistance, make series circuit form the loop of a short circuit, and make alkaline battery or electric battery strengthen lithium secondary battery or electric battery overdischarge to tested security performance with maximum voltage and unrestriction maximum current, so in overdischarge (or reverse charge) test, the short-circuit current that affacts on the lithium secondary battery strengthens greatly, and put up to the electric weight of the lithium secondary battery of tested security the discharge back is zero.Because the capacity of alkaline battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the capacity of electric battery, alkaline battery or electric battery will continue to give the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or electric battery to apply reverse voltage to the lithium secondary battery reverse charge, thereby have than the overdischarge of stipulating in the present standard stronger execution is arranged, the physical security energy that reflects lithium secondary battery more realistically reduces the potential safety hazard of lithium secondary battery to a greater degree.
The lithium secondary battery of alkaline battery or electric battery and tested security performance or electric battery are directly connected and form the charge or discharge loop, make alkaline battery or electric battery give lithium secondary battery or the electric battery forced charge or the overdischarge of tested security performance, it is characterized in that the voltage of charge circuit neutral and alkali battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the voltage of electric battery; The capacity of discharge loop neutral and alkali battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the capacity of electric battery.
The voltage of charge circuit neutral and alkali battery or electric battery is 1 ~ 15 times of voltage of the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or electric battery.The capacity of discharge loop neutral and alkali battery or electric battery is 1 ~ 120 times of capacity of the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or electric battery.The all-in resistance of the current return that connects in charge circuit or the discharge loop is less than 100m Ω.
Connect the resistance of all electron devices in the current return and less than 65m Ω.
The maximum loaded current value that connects the wired footpath of institute in the current return is to produce 1.5 ~ 5 times of maximum current in the loop, line directly resistance less than 35m Ω.
Thereby method provided by the invention also overcharges electrical method and more can reflect the security of lithium secondary battery when reality is used really than traditional electrical method and constant current constant voltage source of overcharging.Method provided by the invention can be found the potential safety hazard of lithium secondary battery to a greater degree, ensures the usage safety performance of lithium secondary battery, and simple, convenient, reliable, be easy to realize.
Description of drawings
To be method for testing security neutral and alkali battery provided by the invention or electric battery with the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or electric battery directly connect accompanying drawing 1 and the charge circuit synoptic diagram that forms.
To be method for testing security neutral and alkali battery provided by the invention or electric battery with the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or electric battery directly connect accompanying drawing 2 and discharge (or reverse charge) the loop synoptic diagram that forms.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, safety of lithium secondary battery method of testing provided by the invention comprises directly connects the lithium secondary battery of alkaline battery or electric battery 11 and tested security performance or electric battery 12 and forms the charge or discharge loop, makes alkaline battery or electric battery 11 give lithium secondary battery or electric battery 12 forced charges or the overdischarge of tested security performance.Wherein, the voltage of charge circuit neutral and alkali battery or electric battery 11 must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the voltage of electric battery 12; The capacity of discharge loop neutral and alkali battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the capacity of electric battery.
Described alkaline battery or electric battery 11 are batteries that various different positive and negative pole material manufacturings form, so long as alkaline battery gets final product.Described alkaline battery can be that single battery also can be a plurality of battery serial or parallel connections or by series connection and in parallel and assembled battery group that form, for the ease of test, the present invention preferably uses alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide dry cell to connect and the dry cell batteries of composition continuously, more preferably electric battery is in series by 4 ~ 20 joints, and promptly voltage is tested lithium secondary battery or battery voltage 1 ~ 15 times.The present invention preferably uses capacity after the alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide dry cell series connection greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the capacity of electric battery 22, and the capacity of the alkaline battery group 21 of more preferably connecting is the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or 1 ~ 120 times of electric battery 22 capacity.
The present invention discharges and recharges definition to what the definition of charging and discharge followed conventional lines.For given arbitrarily alkaline battery or the direct supply of electric battery formation and the lithium secondary battery or the formed current return of electric battery of tested security performance, all can judge charge-discharge circuit according to the circuit methods of knowing altogether, the process of its judgement does not repeat them here.
Enough little in order to guarantee the resistance value in the circuit loop, method provided by the invention is preferred to the current return that connects, preferredly be meant that devices such as electricity consumption electronics such as non-resistance have a resistance in the loop, connection switch 13 in the circuit, reometer 14 equal non-resistances or resistance are enough little, preferably its resistance and less than 65m Ω.The line footpath of the lead of connecting circuit that method provided by the invention is also preferred, line directly guarantees enough big, to guarantee that lead can support maximum current that produces in the loop and the generation that does not have the greatest impact electric current, more preferably the maximum loaded current value in line footpath is to produce 1.5 ~ 5 times of maximum current in the loop, and line footpath resistance is less than 35m Ω.
For the lithium secondary battery that guarantees tested security performance or the requirement of 12 pairs of test environments of electric battery, guarantee the consistance of dispelling the heat in its process, be convenient to consistent with the environmental facies of conventional test, the environment of the present invention's test carries out at normal temperatures and pressures, preferably temperature is 25 ℃ ± 5 ℃, relative humidity 60% ± 15%, atmospheric pressure 86 ~ 106Kpa.
The same with the various method for testing security of battery of routine, earlier to battery charge to 3.0 ~ 4.2V, preferably 3.8 ~ 4.0V is carrying out security test with method for testing security of the present invention then before test.
In test,, think that then this battery is promptly not defective by test if battery is smoldered, on fire or blast; Otherwise it is promptly qualified to be considered as by test.
Lithium secondary battery, battery block, electric battery that tested lithium secondary battery of the present invention can be various models for example can be flexible-packaged lithium secondary cell, square lithium secondary battery, button lithium secondary battery, cylindrical lithium secondary battery, polymer lithium secondary battery or other shape lithium secondary batteries.
As shown in Figure 2, safety of lithium secondary battery method of testing provided by the invention comprises directly connects the lithium secondary battery of alkaline battery or electric battery 21 and tested security performance or electric battery 22 and forms discharge (or reverse charge) loop, makes alkaline battery or electric battery 21 force overdischarge (or reverse charge) for the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or electric battery 22.Wherein, the voltage of charge circuit neutral and alkali battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the voltage of electric battery; The capacity of discharge (or reverse charge) loop neutral and alkali battery or electric battery 21 must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the capacity of electric battery 22.
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Get commercially available 601417HS15QC type 3.7V60mAh security lithium secondary battery; remove protection circuit and shell; obtain the lithium secondary battery electricity core of millimeter (wide) * 17,6 millimeters (thick) * 14 millimeter (height); after the gained battery battery core carried out the 3.9V constant-voltage charge; with 6 the joint 1.5V the brand-new alkaline battery of 5# (the trade mark brand is selected in this experiment for use: the Duracell) series connection, turn on the electricity according to the mode of Fig. 1 then.Closing Switch 13, the test beginning, reometer shows that maximal value is 6A ± 0.5A (promptly about 100I in this test
tA).Test up to battery smolder, on fire or blast or duration of charging be 90 minutes (min), or stops test during battery surface temperature stabilization (temperature difference in the 45min≤2 ℃), if battery is smoldered, on fire or blast, then be defective, otherwise be qualified.The results are shown in following table 1 after the test.
Embodiment 2
Get commercially available 601417HS15QC type 3.7V60mAh security lithium secondary battery; remove protection circuit and shell; obtain the lithium secondary battery electricity core of millimeter (wide) * 17,6 millimeters (thick) * 14 millimeter (height); after the gained battery battery core carried out the 3.9V constant-voltage charge; with the 5# alkaline battery series connection of 6 joint 1.5V, turn on the electricity according to the mode of Fig. 2 then.Closing Switch 23, the test beginning, reometer shows that maximal value is less than 16A (promptly about 267 I in this test
tA).Up to battery smolder, on fire or the blast or the discharge (or reverse charge) time greater than 90min stop the test, if battery smolder, on fire or the blast, then be defective, otherwise be qualified.The results are shown in following table 1 after the test.
Comparative Examples 1
With embodiment 1 contrast, by standard method of test 601417HS15QC type 3.7V60mAh battery is full of electricity, battery battery core is connected on the anchor clamps of battery detecting equipment, being provided with 180mA on host computer (is 3I
tA) constant current, 10V constant-voltage charge, up to battery smolder, on fire or blast or duration of charging be 90min, or stops test during battery surface temperature stabilization (temperature difference in the 45min≤2 ℃), if battery is smoldered, on fire or blast, then be defective, otherwise be qualified.The results are shown in following table 1 after the test.
Comparative Examples 2
With embodiment 1 contrast, the detection method by commonly used at present is connected to 601417HS15QC type 3.7V60mAh battery battery core on the anchor clamps of direct current constant current source of stable pressure, (is 100I in order to 6A
tA) constant-current charge, voltage transfer constant-voltage charge to after reaching 10V, up to battery smolder, on fire or blast or duration of charging be 90min, or stop test during battery surface temperature stabilization (45min in the temperature difference≤2 ℃), if battery is smoldered, on fire or blast, then be defective, otherwise be qualified.The results are shown in following table 1 after the test.
Comparative Examples 3
With embodiment 2 contrast, by the method for testing of present forced electric discharge, 601417HS15QC type 3.7V60mAh battery battery core is connected on the anchor clamps of battery detecting equipment (range must satisfy requirements is set), setting is with 0.2I on host computer
tA (being 12mA) constant-current discharge is to final voltage 3.0V, then with 1I
tA (being 60mA) electric current carries out reverse charging to battery battery core, up to battery smolder, on fire or blast or duration of charging stop test greater than 90min, if battery is smoldered, on fire or blast, then be defective, otherwise be qualified.The results are shown in following table 1 after the test.
Comparative Examples 4
With embodiment 2 contrasts, short-circuit test method with standard, the both positive and negative polarity of 601417HS15QC type 3.7V60mAh battery is directly connected with the outside copper conductor of resistance less than 50m Ω, up to battery smolder, on fire or blast or short circuit continue 90min or battery surface temperature stabilization (temperature difference 45min in≤2 ℃) time stops to test.The results are shown in following table 1 after the test.
Table 1
| Safe phenomenon | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Comparative Examples 1 | Comparative Examples 2 | Comparative Examples 3 | Comparative Examples 4 |
| Inflatable is not broken | 0/100 | 0/100 | 0/100 | 2/100 | 13/100 | 100/100 |
| Break, jet | 97/100 | 33/100 | 100/100 | 98/100 | 87/100 | 0/100 |
| Smolder, on fire or the blast | 3/100 | 67/100 | 0/100 | 0/100 | 0/100 | 0/100 |
The percent of pass that method provided by the invention as can be seen records the security of battery from last table 1 is less than conventional overcharging and the overdischarge test, thereby illustrate that method for testing security of the present invention has higher requirement to the security of lithium secondary battery, can reflect the security of lithium secondary battery to a greater degree.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of method with the alkaline battery testing safety of lithium secondary battery, the lithium secondary battery of alkaline battery or electric battery and tested security performance or electric battery are directly connected and form the charge or discharge loop, make alkaline battery or electric battery give lithium secondary battery or the electric battery forced charge or the overdischarge of tested security performance, it is characterized in that the voltage of charge circuit neutral and alkali battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the voltage of electric battery; The capacity of discharge loop neutral and alkali battery or electric battery must be greater than the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or the capacity of electric battery.
2, the method with the alkaline battery testing safety of lithium secondary battery according to claim 1, the voltage that it is characterized in that charge circuit neutral and alkali battery or electric battery are 1 ~ 15 times of voltage of the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or electric battery.
3, the method with the alkaline battery testing safety of lithium secondary battery according to claim 1, the capacity that it is characterized in that discharge loop neutral and alkali battery or electric battery are 1 ~ 120 times of capacity of the lithium secondary battery of tested security performance or electric battery.
4, the method with the alkaline battery testing safety of lithium secondary battery according to claim 1, the all-in resistance that it is characterized in that the current return that connects in charge circuit or the discharge loop is less than 100m Ω.
5, the method with the alkaline battery testing safety of lithium secondary battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that connecting the resistance of all electron devices in the current return and less than 65m Ω.
6, the method with the alkaline battery testing safety of lithium secondary battery according to claim 1, the maximum loaded current value that it is characterized in that connecting the wired footpath of institute in the current return are to produce 1.5 ~ 5 times of maximum current in the loop, line directly resistance less than 35m Ω.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104375087A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-25 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | Method for evaluating safety of power battery pack |
| CN109873472A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-11 | 西安盛博飞电子科技有限公司 | The method, apparatus and its storage medium and equipment of electric power storage tank discharge |
| CN110337742A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-10-15 | 日产自动车株式会社 | The control method of secondary cell and secondary cell |
| CN111983481A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-11-24 | 苏州安靠电源有限公司 | Lithium battery overdischarge testing method |
| CN112557923A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 上海电器科学研究所（集团）有限公司 | Battery overdischarge test method |
| CN113391208A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-14 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | Needling test method of lithium battery pack |
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2008
- 2008-09-28 CN CN2008101989788A patent/CN101387689B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104375087A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-25 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | Method for evaluating safety of power battery pack |
| CN110337742A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2019-10-15 | 日产自动车株式会社 | The control method of secondary cell and secondary cell |
| CN110337742B (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2022-03-22 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Secondary battery and control method for secondary battery |
| CN109873472A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-11 | 西安盛博飞电子科技有限公司 | The method, apparatus and its storage medium and equipment of electric power storage tank discharge |
| CN109873472B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2022-07-01 | 西安盛博飞电子科技有限公司 | Method and device for discharging storage battery, storage medium and equipment thereof |
| CN111983481A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-11-24 | 苏州安靠电源有限公司 | Lithium battery overdischarge testing method |
| CN112557923A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-26 | 上海电器科学研究所（集团）有限公司 | Battery overdischarge test method |
| CN113391208A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-14 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | Needling test method of lithium battery pack |
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Granted publication date: 20101208 Termination date: 20180928 |