CN101387661A - Single-phase electric energy meter capable of avoiding fraudulent use of electricity and measuring calculation method capable of avoiding fraudulent use of electricity - Google Patents
Single-phase electric energy meter capable of avoiding fraudulent use of electricity and measuring calculation method capable of avoiding fraudulent use of electricity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a micro power consumption single-phase power meter electricity theft prevention method, wherein the power input of a power manage module is connected with an alternative current live wire, an alternative current zero line, a power supply current transformer and a battery, the power output of the power manage module is connected with the power end of a single chip, the signal output of a current imbalance detection circuit is connected with the input of the current sample signal of the single chip, the signal output of an electricity theft prevention detection circuit is connected with the input of the current sample signal of the single chip, the signal output of a voltage detection circuit is connected with the input of the voltage sample signal of the single chip, the drive module of the single chip is connected with a LCD display device, while the hardware general asynchronous/synchronous transmission module is connected with a communication interface and the pulse output interface is used for correcting the meter and measurement, the power supply current transformer is sheathed on a single phase alternative current wire, while the output of the current detection signal is connected with the signal input of the power manage module, the power supply current transformer thieves power from the current loop, to power the power meter, and the single chip is MSP430F42X.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of little power consumption single-phase electric energy meter electricity anti-theft method, belong to electric energy meter and make the field.
Background technology
All CN1648675A of the applicant, title " Power-theft single-phase meter and the Power-theft measurement method ", the power management module power input of this electric energy meter connects alternating current fire wire and zero line respectively, the supply current mutual inductor, battery, the power management module output terminal connects the power end of single-chip microcomputer MSP430FE42X, the signal output part of current imbalance testing circuit connects the input end that connects current sampling signal in the single-chip microcomputer of single-chip microcomputer MSP430FE42X, the signal output part of anti-electricity-theft testing circuit connects the input end of current sampling signal among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430FE42X, the signal output part of voltage detecting circuit connects voltage sampling signal input end among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430FE42X, and driver module connects LCD display among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430FE42X, hardware is universal asynchronous/receives sending module synchronously to connect the letter interface, the pulse output interface is used for calibration and metering.Its blemish in an otherwise perfect thing be: the one, MSP430FE42X is built-in with computation chip, the mode of its metering is a fixed mode, causes electric energy meter in the process that anti-electricity-theft detection is measured, the energy consumption height, detection method is not all roses, precision is undesirable; The 2nd, the cost height.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of design: avoid the weak point in the background technology, design a kind of computation chip and can be of not adopting according to the intrinsic characteristic of single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X, by measuring Calculation Method, make single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X can high reliability, high precision, finish the single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter and the anti-electricity-theft measurement computing method of anti-electricity-theft measurement, calculating super low energy consumption.
Design proposal: in order to realize above-mentioned purpose of design, the present invention is in the hardware selection and method design of anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter:
1, adopt the single-chip microcomputer of no built-in computation chip as primary processor of the present invention, because the MSP430 series monolithic is a super low-power consumption, the single-chip microcomputer of 16 risc architectures, has abundant peripheral module, clock source flexibly, wherein numerically-controlled oscillator DCO can make device wake up rapidly from low-power consumption mode, and 16 registers and constant generator make the MSP430 Series of MCU can reach the highest code efficiency.
The MSP430F42x series monolithic disposes three independently 24 ∑-Δ analog to digital converters, is the microcontroller that is applicable to the single-phase electric energy meter of measurements and calculations two wires or three-wire system.
2, the super low-power consumption characteristic of MSP430:
Realize full decompression measurement, require the low in energy consumption of MCU, powerful.The MSP430 series monolithic is a super low power consuming single chip processor, has following characteristics: (1) operating voltage: 1.8V-3.6V; (2) super low-power consumption activity pattern: 200 μ A (2.2V, 1MHz); (3) standby mode: 1.1 μ A; (4) " shut " mode" (RAM maintenance): 0.1 μ A; (5) 5 kinds of battery saving modes: wake up from standby mode and to be less than 6 microseconds, MSP430F2xxx series is waken up from standby mode and is less than 1 microsecond; 16 risc architectures, 125 instruction cycles nanosecond; The MSP430F2xxx series of instructions cycle was 62.5 nanoseconds; (6) has abundant peripheral module: ADC12:16 bit timing device Timer_B (catching/comparand register for 7); 16 bit timing device Timer_A (catching/comparand register for 3); Two-way serial communication interface: USART0, USART1; Hardware multiplier; Integrated 160 sections LCD drive; Built-in analog comparator Comparator_A (6) electrify restoration circuit, supply voltage management monitor module.
3, the principle of work of MSP430F42X anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter has two joints: external voltage (line voltage, power supply CT produces or both concur), voltage effective value.When external voltage did not exist, ammeter only kept RTC operation and LCD to show at sleep state.Externally under the situation that voltage exists, if voltage effective value, thinks then that line voltage exists greater than the minimum limit value (as 80V) of line voltage, electric energy meter is at normal metering state, by the actual measured value metering of current return and voltage circuit; If voltage effective value is less than the minimum limit value (as 80V) of line voltage, think that then line voltage does not exist, enter remove the anti-electricity-theft measurement state of principal voltage this moment, and voltage is as the criterion with this regional rated voltage, and electric current is as the criterion with the actual measured value of current return and measures.
The present invention compares with background technology, make full use of the intrinsic characteristic of single-chip microcomputer MSP430FE42X, adopt and measure computing method, not only can be efficiently, high reliability, reach anti-electricity-theft measurement computation purpose accurately, and the anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter that is constituted, in thief-proof electrometric process, energy consumption is extremely low, precision is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter functional block diagram of MSP430F42X.
Fig. 2 is MSP430F42X series monolithic analog front circuit figure.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of power management.
Fig. 4 is the anti-electricity-theft method flow diagram of single-phase electric energy meter.
Fig. 5 is interrupt routine computing method process flow diagrams.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: with reference to accompanying drawing 1～3.Single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter, it comprises watchcase, the power management module power input connects alternating current fire wire and zero line respectively, the supply current mutual inductor, battery, the power management module output terminal connects the power end of single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of current imbalance testing circuit connects the input end that connects current sampling signal in the single-chip microcomputer of single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of anti-electricity-theft testing circuit connects the input end of current sampling signal in the single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of voltage detecting circuit connects voltage sampling signal input end in the single-chip microcomputer, driver module connects LCD display in the single-chip microcomputer, hardware is universal asynchronous/receives sending module synchronously to connect the letter interface, the pulse output interface is used for calibration and metering, the supply current mutual inductor is enclosed within on the single-phase AC electric wire, the signal input part of the output termination power management module of its current detection signal, the stealing from current return of supply current mutual inductor, the ammeter working power is provided, described single-chip microcomputer is MSP430F42X, the MSP430F42x series monolithic disposes three independently 24 ∑-Δ analog to digital converters, is the microcontroller that is applicable to the single-phase electric energy meter of measurements and calculations two wires or three-wire system.
The current signal sampling end of current imbalance testing circuit connects the two ends of shunt resistance respectively, shunt resistance is serially connected on the alternating current zero line, the current signal sampling output terminal of current imbalance testing circuit connects the input end of current sampling signal among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X, anti-electricity-theft testing circuit is made of current transformer and sample circuit, current transformer is enclosed within on the single-phase AC electric wire, its output terminal is connected with the input end of sample circuit, and the output terminal of sample circuit connects the input end of current sampling signal among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X.
The voltage detecting end of alternating current voltage testing circuit joins with alternating current fire wire and zero line respectively, voltage signal output end connects voltage sampling signal input end among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X.
Embodiment 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, the single-phase electric energy meter electricity anti-theft method, the power management module power input connects alternating current fire wire and zero line respectively, the supply current mutual inductor, battery, the power management module output terminal connects the power end of single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of current imbalance testing circuit connects the input end that connects current sampling signal in the single-chip microcomputer of single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of anti-electricity-theft testing circuit connects the input end of current sampling signal in the single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of voltage detecting circuit connects voltage sampling signal input end in the single-chip microcomputer, driver module connects LCD display in the single-chip microcomputer, hardware is universal asynchronous/receives sending module synchronously to connect the letter interface, the pulse output interface is used for calibration and metering, and the anti-electricity-theft method of its single-phase electric energy meter is: see accompanying drawing 4.Single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X finishes main evaluation work and is in interrupt routine: see accompanying drawing 5.
1, the MSP430 series monolithic is a super low-power consumption, the single-chip microcomputer of 16 risc architectures, has abundant peripheral module, clock source flexibly, wherein numerically-controlled oscillator DCO can make device wake up rapidly from low-power consumption mode, and 16 registers and constant generator make the MSP430 Series of MCU can reach the highest code efficiency.Its these characteristics are particularly suitable for powered battery, greatly extending battery life.
The MSP430F42x series monolithic disposes three independently 24 ∑-Δ analog to digital converters, it is the microcontroller that is applicable to the single-phase electric energy meter of measurements and calculations two wires or three-wire system, the super low-power consumption performance that cooperates MSP430, realize the following anti-electricity-theft measurement of single-phase electric energy meter easily:
(1) the anti-electricity-theft measurement during current imbalance: current imbalance is typically zero line ground connection or live wire short circuit;
(2) the anti-electricity-theft measurement during current reversal: the turnover port that current reversal is typically live wire connects exchange;
Anti-electricity-theft measurement when (3) removing principal voltage: remove principal voltage and be typically the zero line or the live wire connection of removing ammeter, do not have voltage signal to enter ammeter.
2, the single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter functional structure of MSP430F42x:
The single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter of MSP430F42X can be realized more comprehensive anti-electricity-theft measurement, Fig. 1 is the single-phase anti-electricity-theft ammeter functional block diagram of MSP430F42X, and the single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter of MSP430F42X can be divided into following functional module: multi-functional anti-electricity-theft metering, power management, LCD demonstration, communication interface, pulse output, band temperature compensation real-time clock etc.
3, multi-functional anti-electricity-theft metering:
The present electric energy meter of multi-functional metered body can realize gaining merit, idle, applied power, power factor, the measurement of current effective value, voltage effective value, frequency, phase place etc.
Three kinds of main anti-electricity-theft measurements:
1) the anti-electricity-theft measurement during current imbalance
Current imbalance comprises the unbalanced situation of the load current that measures of any live wire and zero line, and current imbalance shows as zero line ground connection or live wire short circuit usually.
In order to detect the imbalance of electric current, except the electric current that detects live wire, also to detect the electric current of zero line, therefore need two current sensors; Owing to isolating reason, can on one tunnel current channel, select copper-manganese resistance cheaply for use, but another road just must the higher relatively current transformer of use cost., to make Current Transformer on the live wire, be connected on I1+ here, on the I1-, use copper-manganese resistance on the zero line, be connected on I2+, I2-is last to be example, the single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter functional block diagram of the MSP430F42X that draws, as shown in Figure 1.
In the single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter functional block diagram of Fig. 1 MSP430F42X, 24 ∑s of built-in three independences-single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X of Δ ADC carries out the sampling of two current channels (live wire, zero line) and a voltage channel, and in the size of current of single-chip microcomputer inter-process, two current channels of comparison, the detection when realizing current imbalance.The sensor of two current channels has been selected copper-manganese resistance summation current transformer respectively for use, and voltage channel adopts electric resistance partial pressure to realize.
2) the anti-electricity-theft measurement during current reversal
Transposing turnover line is the electricity filching behavior that electricity filching person is often taked, and the turnover port that current reversal is typically live wire connects exchange.Whether detect electric current by the power measured in the single-chip microcomputer internal judgment positive and negative reverse, without any need for auxiliary element just can realize the detection of current reversal.Simultaneously, the processing mode when we are can preset current reverse, the absolute value of getting power or electric energy during as current reversal is measured value or the like, realizes the anti-electricity-theft measurement of current reversal.
Anti-electricity-theft measurement when 3) removing principal voltage
Remove principal voltage and show as and remove wherein one tunnel in the connection box of electric energy meter (live wire and zero line), electricity filching person removes zero line usually, makes ammeter not have entering of line voltage, causes electric energy meter not have power supply, can not normally measure maybe and can not work.
Tackle this electricity filching behavior, available one cheaply current transformer CT (the power supply CT among Fig. 1) electric current of from the lead of remaining connection ammeter, flowing through obtain very little electric energy, through the processing of power management module,, make electric energy meter realize anti-electricity-theft measurement to the electric energy meter power supply.Because electric energy meter cost, the size of electric energy meter watchcase and the influence of the maximum current that electronic devices and components can bear, selection CT of power taking from the electric current is restricted, therefore can be also restricted from the electric energy that electric current obtains to the electric energy meter power supply, special when load current is very little, the electric energy that can steal from electric current is with not competent electric energy meter power supply.Power supply department usually wishes just can realize during greater than 1A when load current the anti-electricity-theft measurement of electric energy meter, and certainly for power supply department, this can realize that thief-proof electrometric load minimum current ultimate value is the smaller the better.Based on above requirement, need to select a scheme that power consumption is very little when removing the anti-electricity-theft measurement of principal voltage to guarantee finishing anti-electricity-theft measurement smoothly.So anti-electricity-theft measurement when cooperating the super low-power consumption characteristic of MSP430F42X series monolithic and abundant AFE (analog front end) can more or less freely realization to remove principal voltage.The physical circuit of AFE (analog front end) as shown in Figure 2.
4, power management:
In the single-phase anti-electricity-theft ammeter functional block diagram of Fig. 1 MSP430F42X, except that battery, the power supply of electric energy meter is supplied with had two steps to be grouped into, the one, the principal voltage of live wire and zero line provides power supply, another part is that power supply CT steals from electric current power supply is provided, so when removing principal voltage, the power supply that power supply CT steals from electric current still can be preserved electric energy meter work, carries out anti-electricity-theft measurement.Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of power management.
Power supply CT need also can drive electric energy meter work when little electric current.Usually when load current was 1A, a little CT provided and is equivalent to 1mA/3V, and this can realize anti-electricity-theft measurement for the MSP430F42X single-chip microcomputer with the super low-power consumption that enriches AFE (analog front end).Remove the thief-proof electrometric load minimum current ultimate value of principal voltage if select for use bigger CT to reduce certainly, but this will increase the cost of power supply CT on the one hand, on the other hand, when load current is very big, the components and parts that power management is relevant will bear very big pressure, and might damage, to remove the thief-proof electrometric load current ultimate value of principal voltage be worthless so reduce with the method for selecting big CT for use.
5, LCD shows:
MSP430F42x inside has lcd driver, and desirable moving demonstration 128 segment encodes can well be finished the LCD Presentation Function at most, need not to expand lcd driver again, links to each other as long as directly that each pin of liquid crystal is corresponding with MSP430F42x LCD drives the pin of output.
6, communication interface:
That MSP430F42x has hardware is universal asynchronous/and receive synchronously and send (USART0) peripheral module, be used for serial data communication.The single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter of MSP430F427x can select optical communication interface, RS-232/RS-485 interface or both to have concurrently.
7, pulse output:
Pulse output is used for calibration, metering, and impulse output circuit adds light-coupled isolation by common I/O and realizes that implementation is succinct.
8, band temperature compensation real-time clock RTC:
Real-time clock RTC can be realized by the timer of MSP430 single-chip microcomputer inside.Built-in temperature sensor can be realized the measurement of temperature easily, realizes the temperature compensation to real-time clock RTC.
What need understand is: though the foregoing description is to the present invention's detailed explanation of contrasting, but these explanations are just illustrative, rather than limitation of the present invention, any innovation and creation that do not exceed in the connotation of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention; Secondly, the application's emphasis has been narrated based on the low power capabilities of MSP430FE42X and the anti-stealing electricity function of the anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter of the characteristics of enriching such as AFE (analog front end), its said single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter is to add anti-stealing electricity function on normal single-phase multifunctional, multi-rate electric energy meter, so the single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter of MSP430FE42X can be the form of single-phase multifunctional table, also can be the form of single-phase many rates and other electric energy meter form.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of measurement computing method of single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter is characterized in that the anti-electricity-theft method of single-phase electric energy meter is: see accompanying drawing 4.
2, the measurement computing method of single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X in interrupt routine, finish main evaluation work and are: see accompanying drawing 5.
3, a kind of single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter, it comprises watchcase, the power management module power input connects alternating current fire wire and zero line respectively, the supply current mutual inductor, battery, the power management module output terminal connects the power end of single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of current imbalance testing circuit connects the input end that connects current sampling signal in the single-chip microcomputer of single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of anti-electricity-theft testing circuit connects the input end of current sampling signal in the single-chip microcomputer, the signal output part of voltage detecting circuit connects voltage sampling signal input end in the single-chip microcomputer, driver module connects LCD display in the single-chip microcomputer, hardware is universal asynchronous/receives sending module synchronously to connect the letter interface, the pulse output interface is used for calibration and metering, the supply current mutual inductor is enclosed within on the single-phase AC electric wire, the signal input part of the output termination power management module of its current detection signal, the stealing from current return of supply current mutual inductor, the ammeter working power is provided, it is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer is MSP430F42X.
4, single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the MSP430F42x series monolithic disposes three independently 24 ∑-Δ analog to digital converters, is the microcontroller that is applicable to the single-phase electric energy meter of measurements and calculations two wires or three-wire system.
5, single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the current signal sampling end of current imbalance testing circuit connects the two ends of shunt resistance respectively, shunt resistance is serially connected on the alternating current zero line, the current signal sampling output terminal of current imbalance testing circuit connects the input end of current sampling signal among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X, anti-electricity-theft testing circuit is made of current transformer and sample circuit, current transformer is enclosed within on the single-phase AC electric wire, its output terminal is connected with the input end of sample circuit, and the output terminal of sample circuit connects the input end of current sampling signal among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X.
6, single-phase anti-electricity-theft electric energy meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the voltage detecting end of alternating current voltage testing circuit joins with alternating current fire wire and zero line respectively, voltage signal output end connects voltage sampling signal input end among the single-chip microcomputer MSP430F42X.
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| CN102081118A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-06-01 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Real-time metering two-way communication intelligent ammeter |
| CN102236086A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-09 | 杭州市电力局 | Method and device for inspecting electric energy meter |
| CN101871967B (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2012-06-27 | 深圳长城开发科技股份有限公司 | Metering method of electric energy meter |
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| CN103513077A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-15 | 华立仪表集团股份有限公司 | Electricity meter for preventing electricity larceny |
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| CN102081118B (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2013-06-05 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Real-time metering two-way communication intelligent ammeter |
| CN102081118A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-06-01 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Real-time metering two-way communication intelligent ammeter |
| CN102680778A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-09-19 | 株洲南车时代电气股份有限公司 | Watt-hour meter of subway trains |
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| CN110794188A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-02-14 | 浙江晨泰科技股份有限公司 | Anti-theft ammeter |
| CN111650434A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-09-11 | 北京博纳电气股份有限公司 | Method for single-phase intelligent electric energy meter to measure by adopting PCB type current sensor |
| RU197912U1 (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МИРТЕК" | Electric energy meter |
| CN111308192A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-19 | 浙江安防职业技术学院 | Zero line-falling electricity-stealing-prevention metering device based on reset-prevention device |
| WO2023080879A1 (en) * | 2021-11-06 | 2023-05-11 | Dicle Elektrik Dagitim A.S. | Non-neutral meter and illegal use detection and prevention method with non-neutral meter |
| CN114999288A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-02 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司哈尔滨供电公司 | Anti-electricity-stealing teaching device and inspection method thereof |
| CN114999288B (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2024-03-08 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司哈尔滨供电公司 | Anti-electricity-theft teaching device and checking method thereof |
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