CN101386482B

CN101386482B - Antifreezing cement

Info

Publication number: CN101386482B
Application number: CN2007100551610A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任勤海
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-09-13
Filing date: 2007-09-13
Publication date: 2011-09-21
Anticipated expiration: 2027-09-13
Also published as: CN101386482A

Abstract

The invention discloses anti-freezing cement. The method for producing the anti-freezing cement comprises the steps of raw material crushing and drying, blending, grinding and calcinations, adding an anti-freezing component into the clinker obtained after calcinations, and grinding the anti-freezing component and the clinker to obtain the finished product of the anti-freezing cement. The anti-freezing cement comprises the following components in weight percentage against that of the clinker cement: 0.03 to 0.6 percent of calcium chloride, 0.03 to 0.6 percent of sodium chloride, 0.05 to 1.0 percent of sodium nitrite, 0.03 to 0.7 percent of sodium sulfate, 0.03 to 0.6 percent of gypsum, 0.03 to 0.6 percent of triethanalmine, 0.05 to 1.0 percent of alum. The anti-freezing cement has the advantages of uniform anti-freezing effect, high anti-freezing degree, adaptability to low temperature construction, low price, convenient use and so on.

Description

Antifreezing cement

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of antifreeze material of construction, relate in particular to a kind of antifreezing cement.

Background technology

Building trade is generally all at outdoor construction, and in the winter time, external temperature is in sub-zero zero, and cement will freeze, and therefore can't construct.Be generally and prevent that the coagulating cement earth mixtures from suffering freeze injury at low temperatures, people adopt usually and add frostproofer or means to prevent freezings such as vapor cure, insulation, but the latter is because of the complexity of constructing, and efficient is low, is unsuitable for big area and adopts.At present building trade mainly adopts in construction process the cement frostproofer added in the Portland cement and uses, though this method has produced certain positively effect.But because the cement frostproofer generally is percentum of cement weight, often exists and stir non-uniform phenomenon, cause antifreeze degree not high, antifreezing effect is inhomogeneous, influences construction quality, and then causes the certain economic loss; In addition, in construction process, to accurately control the volume of frostproofer, make troubles to construction.Moreover frostproofer in the market all is made up of antifreeze component, early strong component, diminishing component, resistance rust component, catalyst component etc.But there is following shortcoming in these frostproofers: (1) drug effect is low, volume is big, and the 3.5-15% of general add-on by mass of cement brings inconvenience for transportation, use etc.; (2) antifreeze degree is not high, and existing cement frostproofer generally can tolerate about-10 ℃, and this can only satisfy the winter construction needs of some areas, does not still ensure in the construction in winter of indivedual area.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome exist in the existing building construction process because cement frostproofer and the inhomogeneous antifreeze degree that causes of cement mixing are not high, the uneven problem of antifreezing effect, overcome the deficiency that drug effect is low, volume is big and antifreeze degree is not high that existing cement frostproofer exists, a kind of good freezing protection effect, antifreeze degree height, antifreezing cement easy to use are provided.

Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

Antifreezing cement provided by the invention is made by following method, comprises raw material pulverizing and oven dry, batching, grinding, calcining, it is characterized in that: add the antifreeze component of cement in who knows after calcining, the common levigate finished cement of making.

It is as follows that antifreeze component of cement and each component account for the weight percentage of cement clinker in the antifreezing cement provided by the invention: calcium chloride: 0.03～0.6%, sodium-chlor: 0.03～0.6%, Sodium Nitrite: 0.05～1.0%, sodium sulfate: 0.03～0.7%, gypsum: 0.03～0.6%, triethanolamine: 0.03～0.6%, alum: 0.05～1.0%.

It is as follows that antifreeze component of cement and each component account for the weight percentage of cement clinker in the antifreezing cement provided by the invention: calcium chloride: 0.1～0.3%, sodium-chlor: 0.1～0.3%, Sodium Nitrite: 0.2～0.6%, sodium sulfate: 0.1～0.3%, gypsum: 0.1～0.3%, triethanolamine: 0.1～0.3%, alum: 0.2～0.6%.

Raw material pulverizing in the production method of antifreezing cement of the present invention and oven dry, batching, grinding, calcining step all adopt the production method of existing Portland cement, add the antifreeze component of cement in who knows after calcining, also adopt the production method of existing Portland cement then through the grinding step of cement grinding mill.

In the antifreezing cement in the present invention, select for use sodium sulfate and alum as early strong component.Sodium sulfate is soluble in water, can make concrete under lower envrionment temperature, promote the aquation process of cement, in the unit time, form more hydrated product, and the hydration of participation cement, make concrete in the short as far as possible time, reach freeze proof critical strength, thereby reduce the possibility that concrete is caused freeze injury because of cooling suddenly.With the trolamine synergy, early strong more remarkable effect.Alum is at alkali--and form ettringite under the exciting of vitriol and make the intensity of cement stone obtain good development.Alunite has very high solvability, and has the ability of reacting with cement-hydrate after calcination dehydration activation.Can promptly interact, generate ettringite, thereby further quicken and deepen the aquation and the sclerosis of cement with gypsum.

Select low price, the source of goods is extensive and the significant sodium-chlor of antifreezing effect and calcium chloride as antifreeze component.They can reduce the freezing point of water significantly, make concrete keep liquid water to exist under certain subzero temperature, continue the primary condition of aquation to guarantee cement.Make the lattice structure gross distortion of ice, thereby can't form frost heave stress and destroy aquation mineral structure, make concrete strength impaired.

Select for use triethanolamine as catalyst component, it does not participate in the hydration reaction of cement, but plays katalysis, can quicken C in the cement ₃The A aquation forms the process of ettringite, thereby makes concrete form the intensity skeleton in the short period of time, reaches freeze proof critical strength as early as possible, strengthens the ability that concrete is resisted freeze injury.The early stage fast hydration of cement makes the free water that major part can be frozen in the concrete become the constitution water that can not freeze, thereby has also reduced the quantity that can freeze water simultaneously.In addition, trolamine can alleviate the destruction of ice crystal between freezing period, can promote again that in ground during melting period cement gos deep into aquation and improves later strength.

Select for use Sodium Nitrite as resistance rust component, take all factors into consideration the side effect of the resistance rust of Sodium Nitrite, the effect that reduces freezing point and introducing mineral ion, control its addition.Sodium-chlor and Sodium Nitrite rational Match, give full play to strong point separately by a large amount of experiments, reach the usefulness of maximizing favourable factors and minimizing unfavourable ones.

In antifreezing cement, add gypsum as the slow setting component, a spot of gypsum has delayed coagulation, when gypsum addition increases when too much, not only delayed coagulation is helped little, but also continue to form ettringite in the later stage, produce expansion stress, thereby make the slurry weakened, also can cause the bad consequence of stability, so the present invention determines the content of gypsum by theoretical analysis and test-results.Alum has very high solvability, and has the ability of reacting with cement-hydrate.Can promptly interact, generate ettringite, thereby further quicken and deepen the aquation and the sclerosis of cement with gypsum.

Because the present invention has adopted the antifreeze component of adding cement in who knows after calcining, grinding is made the technical scheme of finished cement again, cement clinker and each antifreeze component reach uniform mixing, help giving full play to the effect of each antifreeze component, therefore antifreezing cement provided by the invention has even, the antifreeze degree height of antifreezing effect, is suitable for low-temperature construction, low price, advantage such as easy to use.

Embodiment

The present invention will be further described below by embodiment, therefore do not limit the present invention within the described scope of embodiments.

Embodiment 1

Cement ingredient behind pulverizing and oven dry, batching, grinding, calcining step, is added antifreeze component in cement clinker, it is as follows that each antifreeze component and each component account for the weight percentage of cement clinker:

Calcium chloride: 0.03%

Sodium-chlor: 0.03%

Sodium Nitrite: 0.60%

Sodium sulfate: 0.30%

Gypsum: 0.03%

Triethanolamine: 0.60%

Alum: 0.90%

Cement clinker and with the common levigate finished cement of making of last antifreeze component is used for minimum temperature-10 ℃ environment.

Embodiment 2

Calcium chloride: 0.60%

Sodium-chlor: 0.12%

Sodium Nitrite: 0.05%

Sodium sulfate: 0.53%

Gypsum: 0.60%

Triethanolamine: 0.55%

Alum: 0.55%

Cement clinker and with the common levigate finished cement of making of last antifreeze component is used for minimum temperature-15 ℃ environment.

Embodiment 3

Calcium chloride: 0.30%

Sodium-chlor: 0.30%

Sodium Nitrite: 1.00%

Sodium sulfate: 0.60%

Gypsum: 0.12%

Triethanolamine: 0.03%

Alum: 0.15%

Cement clinker and with the common levigate finished cement of making of last antifreeze component is used for minimum temperature-20 ℃ environment.

Embodiment 4

Calcium chloride: 0.12%

Sodium-chlor: 0.18%

Sodium Nitrite: 0.10%

Sodium sulfate: 0.70%

Gypsum: 0.20%

Triethanolamine: 0.20%

Alum: 1.00%

Freeze the common levigate finished cement of making of component, be used for minimum temperature-20 ℃ environment.

Embodiment 5

Calcium chloride: 0.32%

Sodium-chlor: 0.50%

Sodium Nitrite: 0.30%

Sodium sulfate: 0.03%

Gypsum: 0.40%

Triethanolamine: 0.13%

Alum: 0.77%

Cement clinker and with the common levigate finished cement of making of last antifreeze component is used for minimum temperature-25 ℃ environment.

Embodiment 6

Calcium chloride: 0.50%

Sodium-chlor: 0.60%

Sodium Nitrite: 0.80%

Sodium sulfate: 0.12%

Gypsum: 0.30%

Triethanolamine: 0.17%

Alum: 0.05%

Cement clinker and with the common levigate finished cement of making of last antifreeze component is used for minimum temperature-30 ℃ environment.

Embodiment 7

Calcium chloride: 0.45%

Sodium-chlor: 0.25%

Sodium Nitrite: 0.40%

Sodium sulfate: 0.20%

Gypsum: 0.22%

Triethanolamine: 0.30%

Alum: 0.18%

Claims

1. antifreezing cement, make by following method, comprise raw material pulverizing and oven dry, batching, grinding, calcining, it is characterized in that: add the antifreeze component of cement in the grog after calcining, the common levigate finished cement of making, it is as follows that antifreeze component of described cement and each component account for the weight percentage of cement clinker: calcium chloride: 0.03～0.6%, sodium-chlor: 0.03～0.6%, Sodium Nitrite: 0.05～1.0%, sodium sulfate: 0.03～0.7%, gypsum: 0.03～0.6%, triethanolamine: 0.03～0.6%, alum: 0.05～1.0%.

2. antifreezing cement according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the antifreeze component of described cement and account for and the weight percentage of each component cement clinker as follows: calcium chloride: 0.1～0.3%, sodium-chlor: 0.1～0.3%, Sodium Nitrite: 0.2～0.6%, sodium sulfate: 0.1～0.3%, gypsum: 0.1～0.3%, triethanolamine: 0.1～0.3%, alum: 0.2～0.6%.