CN101386448B - Preparation and remediation method of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge - Google Patents
Preparation and remediation method of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN101386448B CN101386448B CN2008102283279A CN200810228327A CN101386448B CN 101386448 B CN101386448 B CN 101386448B CN 2008102283279 A CN2008102283279 A CN 2008102283279A CN 200810228327 A CN200810228327 A CN 200810228327A CN 101386448 B CN101386448 B CN 101386448B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation and repair method of aerobic nitrification granular sludge, and pertains to the technical field of water treatment. The method is characterized in that a mode of improving the concentration of a substrate NH4<+>-N gradually is adopted to prepare the aerobic nitrification granular sludge and a way of adding activated sludge is adopted to repair disintegrated aerobic nitrification granular sludge. The method has the advantages of: (1) being capable of avoiding the free ammonia inhibition problem during cultivation under the condition of high NH4<+>-N so that the heterotrophic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria of the aerobic nitrification granular sludge to be formed have high activity, large particle size and relatively high denitrification capability; (2) being capable of recovering the disintegrated granular sludge to excellent performance and completer structure and shortening the start-up time of an aerobic granular sludge reactor. The aerobic nitrification granular sludge prepared by the method is suitable for treating low COD and high NH4<+>-N waste water such as catalyst wastewater and the method is a biological wastewater treatment technique with wide market application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the biological wastewater treatment technology field, relate to a kind of preparation and restorative procedure of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge.
Background technology
Aerobic particle mud is a kind of special shape of microbial immobilized technology, is a kind of novel biological wastewater treatment technology that has risen since the nineties since last century.Compare with traditional activated sludge process, the advantage of aerobic particle mud is mainly reflected in:
1. aerobic particle mud have biological structure rule fine and close, than characteristics such as great, that settling velocity is fast, can make higher sludge concentration and the volumetric loading of maintenance in the reactor, and can dwindle or save secondary sedimentation basins greatly, reduce the volume and the floor space of Sewage treatment systems, reduce investment and running cost;
2. aerobic particle mud has the diversity of microorganism species, in the degraded organic carbon, has the function of denitrogenation dephosphorizing simultaneously.Therefore, aerobic particle mud has the incomparable advantage of many traditional biological wastewater treatment technologies, will become a kind of biological wastewater treatment technology that is widely used, has the Sustainable development of great potential.
In recent ten years, Chinese scholars has been carried out extensive studies to the preparation condition of aerobic particle mud, granule sludge characteristic, microorganism phase composite, granule sludge structure, degradation kinetics etc.Yet because the poor stability of aerobic particle mud, present research rests on laboratory stage mostly, does not also have bibliographical information about the large-scale practical application of aerobic particle mud.
After 130 days, filament accounts for main body to the aerobic particle mud of preparation such as Morgenroth in particle in the reactor operation, and particle characteristics deterioration, treatment effect are descended.Beun etc. find the aerobic particle mud thread fungus hypertrophy breeding that high organic loading forms down, cause the reactor fluctuation of service.Tay etc. find in the organic loading rate to be 8.0kgCOD/m by the physico-chemical property of the aerobic particle mud of formation under the more different organic loadings
3The very fast disintegration of the aerobic particle mud that forms under the condition of d also finally is rushed out reactor.Zheng etc. are 6.0kgCOD/m in the organic loading rate
3The aerobic particle mud for preparing under the condition of d changed the filament of big particle diameter gradually into since the 33rd day, though the removal effect of reactor is obviously influence not, after 85 days, filar diameter has reached 16mm, this moment, filament disintegrated gradually, thereby caused reactor to move.
In the aerobic particle mud operational process, when aerobic granule sludge particle diameter was excessive, the mass transfer limit of substrate was serious, and granule interior generation cell hydrolysis and death finally cause particle to disintegrate.Summary is got up, the unsettled major cause of aerobic particle mud has two, the one, because the thread fungus of the heterotrophic bacterium of quick growth and hypertrophy breeding causes aerobic particle mud to become filamentary texture gradually, the 2nd, because interior substrate of the aerobic particle mud of big particle diameter and limited inner cell hydrolysis, microbial death and the anaerobe growth and breeding of causing of DO mass transfer.
At the too fast aerobic particle mud problem of unstable that causes of growth velocity, can be by the slow nitrifier of selective enrichment growth velocity in particle, the preparation aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge improves the stability of granule sludge.The essence of aerobic granular is the iuntercellular oneself immobilization process of selecting to press under the driving, selects to press the most important reactive force that is considered to influence particle formation and performance thereof at present.Selecting pressure to be divided into waterpower selects pressure and microorganism to select to press two kinds, the former eliminates out reaction system by controlling reactor structural performance and hydraulics etc. with the mud of poor performance, and composition and the load of the latter by changing nutritive ingredient in the mixed solution survives adaptable microorganism and immalleable microorganism is progressively disappeared.Concentration of substrate is that a kind of important microorganism is selected to press, and it influences the performance of the aerobic particle mud of granulating process and formation by selecting the microorganism species different with enrichment.The traditional preparation process condition adopts the NH of high concentration of COD and lower concentration
4 +-N (general COD/N 〉=100/10) carries out the preparation of aerobic particle mud, and heterotrophic bacterium has comparative advantage in the aerobic particle mud of formation.Yet the heterotrophic bacterium growth velocity is too fast to cause that the aerobic particle mud structure is fluffy, stability is poor, has influenced the application of aerobic particle mud technology in actual waste water is handled.At high substrate NH
4 +Under the selection pressure effect of-N concentration, the slow nitrifier of growth velocity can access selective enrichment, thereby forms the aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge that stability is better and have outstanding nitrated ability.
Yet, directly at high density NH
4 +Prepare aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge under the-N condition, the nitrification activity of seed sludge is had very high requirement, and in preparation process, need envrionment conditionss such as strict control pH, temperature, otherwise high NH
4 +The high density free ammonia that brings under-N the environment will suppress the generation of microbic activity and aerobic granular process.There are some researches show that free ammonia all has restraining effect to the activity of Nitrosomas and Nitromonas, nitrification function just is suppressed fully when the concentration of free ammonia is higher than 10mgN/L, and aerobic particle mud only could form when the concentration of free ammonia is lower than 23.5mgN/L.And directly at high density NH
4 +The aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge particle diameter for preparing under-N the condition is less, generally at 0.3～0.5mm, is difficult in its inside and finishes denitrification process, although therefore have higher nitrated ability, denitrifying capacity is very low.Simultaneously directly at high NH
4 +Heterotrophic bacterium is active in the aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge that forms under-N the concentration conditions obviously reduces the weakening that causes this class aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge to remove the organism ability simultaneously.For avoiding high density NH
4 +The free ammonia that brings during-N selective enrichment nitrifier suppresses problem, and can make the aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge of formation have higher denitrifying capacity and heterotrophic bacterium activity, needs to seek a kind of better method for preparing aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge.
For stability aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge preferably,, finally also can cause granule sludge to disintegrate because the growth gradually of compact construction and grain diameter can cause granule interior substrate and DO mass transfer limited.The structure of granule sludge and the growth of particle diameter are to be difficult to artificial control, so far also do not have well to solve the way of the limited problem of the inner mass transfer of aerobic particle mud, the way of therefore seeking a kind of simple reparation disintegration aerobic particle mud just seems particularly necessary.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of technology of preparing of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge and the recovery technique of disintegration aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
1, aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge preparation
Progressively improve substrate NH by adopting
4 +The preparation strategy of-N concentration prepares the aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge of a large amount of enrichments of nitrifier.
The reactor that adopts as shown in Figure 1, for the gas stripping type batch reactor (Sequencing Batch AirliftReactors, SBAR).Be 4～8h cycling time: wherein water inlet, water outlet time generally are no more than 10min according to be provided with different with the flow velocity of water outlet of water inlet; Settling time, initial value can be decremented to 1min (can seriously not run off with mud in the assurance reactor is prerequisite, sets according to circumstances) subsequently gradually at 40～60min along with the formation of granule sludge and the improvement of settling property are shortened gradually; All the other are aeration time.The aeration rate of reactor is constant, represents that with the surface gas upflow velocity set(ting)value is at 1.8～2.4cm/s.Reactor at room temperature moves, generally at 15～30 ℃.
Seed sludge in the reactor adopts the active sludge of municipal wastewater treatment plant.The COD constant concentration of water inlet substrate, set(ting)value is at 500～1000mg/L.Obtain different substrate NH by the method that adds ammonium salt (sulfate of ammoniac, ammonium chloride etc.)
4 +-N concentration, initial substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is 50～100mg/L.NH in the monitoring water outlet
4 +-N concentration is worked as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches more than 98%, and can stablize 3～7 days, can improve substrate NH
4 +-N is to next concentration, each improvement value 25～50mg/L.Same this method, substrate NH the most at last
4 +-N concentration is increased to 200～400mg/L.
4～6 months, the granule sludge in the reactor changed heterotrophic bacterium and the common dominant aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge of nitrifier into, and grain diameter 1.5～3mm has good while nitration denitrification ability.This preparation strategy forces microorganism progressively to regulate its characteristic, thereby the physicochemical property of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge is progressively improved, and MLSS and grain diameter progressively improve in the reactor, and particles settling performance and nitration denitrification activity are progressively strengthened.A large amount of enrichments of nitrifier have suppressed hyphomycetic growth, and the aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge of formation is based on bacillus, and thread fungus content is few, and grain pattern compactness, stability are good.Aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge has the ability of well removing COD simultaneously and carrying out nitration denitrification, COD, NH simultaneously
4 +-N and TN clearance are generally more than 80%, 96% and 40%.
2, aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge reparation
Aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge by the method reparation disintegration of the active sludge of interpolation municipal wastewater treatment plant in the disintegration granular sludge reactor.
Aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge by previously described preparation method's preparation moves the time in about 1.5～2.5 years at reactor, and disintegration can take place.After disintegrating fully, the form of granule sludge develops into the granular debris of ghost shape structure.The granule sludge that keeps these disintegration, and the new active sludge of adding is repaired the disintegration granule sludge in reactor.
The active mud content that adds (mg) is 2/3～4/3 of disintegration granule sludge amount in mass.The operational condition of reactor is 4～8h cycling time: wherein water inlet, water outlet time generally are no more than 10min according to be provided with different with the flow velocity of water outlet of water inlet; For avoiding newly adding the serious loss of active sludge, the settling time initial value can be set at 40～60min, is decremented to 1min (can seriously not run off with mud in the assurance reactor is prerequisite, sets according to circumstances) subsequently gradually; All the other are aeration time.The aeration rate of reactor is constant, represents that with the surface gas upflow velocity set(ting)value is at 1.8～2.4cm/s.Reactor at room temperature moves, generally at 15～30 ℃.
The COD constant concentration of water inlet substrate, set(ting)value is at 500～1000mg/L.Because the nitrification activity of initiate active sludge is not high, for avoiding high NH
4 +The free ammonia that-N concentration is brought suppresses, therefore initial substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is set at 50～100mg/L.NH in the monitoring water outlet
4 +-N concentration is worked as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches more than 98%, can improve substrate NH
4 +-N is to next concentration, and each improvement value is at 50～100mg/L.Same this method, substrate NH the most at last
4 +-N concentration is increased to 200～400mg/L.
In the repair process, initiate active sludge is adsorbed in the hole of disintegration granule sludge gradually, and active sludge that is adsorbed under shear action is particularly pressed in various selections and disintegration granule sludge be final to form an organic whole.Granule sludge after the reparation presents fairly regular sphere or elliposoidal structure, and microorganism is very fine and close mutually.Except being used to repair the disintegration granule sludge, the residual active sludge that is not discharged from reactor is also assembled gradually under the effect of various selection pressure and is finished the aerobic granular process, finally forms new aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge.Generally the time about 2～4 weeks can be fully with the reparation of disintegration granule sludge to adopt this restorative procedure, and the grain diameter after the reparation is at 2～4mm, and settling property is outstanding, and the nitration denitrification ability is strong.The system that is made up of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge after repairing and that newly form all has the removal effect of efficient stable to COD and N.Therefore in reactor, add behind the new active sludge aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge that effective for repairing is rapidly disintegrated, and the start time that shortens the aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge reactor with reach the required time of steady stage.
Effect of the present invention and benefit are:
1, employing progressively improves substrate NH
4 +The strategy that-N concentration is selected to press prepares aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge, can avoid high density NH
4 +The free ammonia that brings during-N selective enrichment nitrifier suppresses problem, and can make the aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge of formation have higher denitrifying capacity and heterotrophic bacterium activity.
2, the method for utilizing the interpolation active sludge to repair the disintegration aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge can make the granule sludge of disintegration revert to granule sludge functional, structural integrity, can make to keep higher sludge concentration and microorganism active in the reactor, can shorten the start time of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge reactor and reach the required time of steady stage.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is gas stripping type batch reactor (Sequencing Batch Airlift Reactors, a SBAR) structural representation.
Among the figure: 1 inlet chest; 2 volume pumps; 3, aeration head; 4, air pump; 5, gas meter; 6, magnetic valve; 7, dual-time indicating meter; 8, liquidometer; 9, interior pipe; 10, water tank.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment below in conjunction with technical scheme and accompanying drawing detailed description apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment:
1, the preparation of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge
The SBAR reactor is constituted by interior pipe 9, outer tube, useful volume 2.5L, outer tube diameter 7.0cm, high 80cm, interior pipe 9 diameter 4.4cm, high 70cm.The micro porous aeration head 3 that air is installed by reactor bottom central authorities by air pump 4 enters reactor, liquid and granule sludge move upward in interior pipe 9 in the air-flow driving a reaction device that forms, between inside and outside tube wall, move downward then, moved upward by the air-flow traction once more behind reactor bottom, mixed solution can circulate between inside and outside tube wall and uniform mixing like this.In the reactor bottom water inlet, water port is at the high 40cm of reactor bottom place by volume pump 2, and by the break-make of magnetic valve 6 control water port, the volume-exchange rate is 50%.The water inlet of reactor, aeration, sedimentation and water discharge time are controlled automatically by dual-time rly. 7 and liquidometer 8.Be 6h cycling time, the 2min of wherein intaking, water outlet 1min, the granule sludge formation settling time in stage is reduced to 5min gradually from 40min, treat after the granule sludge maturation will the settling time to be decremented to 1min from 5min again because it has outstanding settling property, all the other are aeration time.The aeration rate of reactor is 0.10m
3/ h, being equivalent to the surface gas upflow velocity is 1.8cm/s.Reactor is in room temperature (20～30 ℃) operation down.Seed sludge directly adds in the reactor without domestication.The COD constant concentration is 500mg/L, water inlet NH
4 +-N concentration is progressively brought up to 200mg/L by 50mg/L and (is worked as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches more than 98% and stablizes week age, promptly is increased to next concentration, and each improvement value is 25mg/L).Water inlet pH value is by NaHCO
3Regulate, remain in 7.5～8.5 scopes.
Reactor began to occur tiny granule sludge in the 17th day; Substantially be made up of granule sludge in the reactor in the time of the 50th day, floc sludge is few; Reactor is stable, and tangible particle disintegration did not appear in fashion in the 283rd day.Aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge also has the ability of well removing COD simultaneously and carrying out nitration denitrification, at water inlet COD and NH
4 +When-N concentration is respectively 500mg/L and 200mg/L, COD, NH
4 +-N and TN average removal rate reach 82%, 98% and 50% respectively.
2, the reparation of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge
Keep entirely knocked down aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge 1L in the former SBAR reactor, MLSS is 4266mg/L; Add new active sludge 1L, MLSS is 5000mg/L.The reactor cycles time is 6h: the 2min of wherein intaking; Water outlet 1min; The settling time initial value is 40min, is decremented to 1min subsequently gradually; All the other are aeration time.The aeration rate of reactor is 0.10m
3/ h, being equivalent to the surface gas upflow velocity is 1.8cm/s.Reactor at room temperature moves (15～30 ℃).The COD constant concentration of water inlet substrate is 500mg/L; Initial substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is set at 50mg/L, works as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches more than 98%, promptly improves the end to next concentration, and each improvement value is 50mg/L, finally is increased to 200mg/L.
Add the 4th day behind the new active sludge in the reactor, the more visible active sludge of naked eyes are attached on the disintegration granule sludge, particularly clog gradually in the hole of disintegration granule sludge.About about 3 weeks, nearly all disintegration granule sludge is repaired fully.The structure that is repaired granule sludge is fairly regular, spherical in shape or elliposoidal, and smooth surface, biophase is very fine and close, is made up of a large amount of bacillus and coccus.Except being used to repair the disintegration granule sludge, the residual active sludge that is not discharged from reactor is also assembled gradually under the effect of various selection pressure and is finished the aerobic granular process, finally forms new aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge.Occurred a large amount of tiny granule sludges since the 23rd day successively in the reactor, cotton-shaped active sludge then fades away.Almost all form in the reactor in the time of the 42nd day by complete granule sludge.
The present invention can guarantee the successful preparation of the aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge that stability is good, and along with particle diameter increases and after disintegrating gradually, can repair rapidly again by the method for adding active sludge, can guarantee the feasibility of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge in actual waste water is handled, be an invention that market application foreground is wide.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation of an aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge and restorative procedure is characterized in that:
(1) progressively improves substrate NH
4 +The preparation aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge of-N concentration:
Adopt the gas stripping type batch reactor, be 4～8h cycling time; Wherein water inlet, water outlet time are no more than 10min; The settling time initial value is decremented to 1min subsequently gradually at 40～60min, and all the other are aeration time; The aeration rate of reactor is set in 1.8～2.4cm/s; Reactor operates in 15～30 ℃;
Inoculation of activated-sludge in the reactor, water inlet substrate COD concentration is at 500～1000mg/L; Obtain different substrate NH by adding sulfate of ammoniac or ammonium chloride
4 +-N concentration, initial substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is 50～100mg/L; NH in the monitoring water outlet
4 +-N concentration is worked as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches more than 98%, and can stablize 3～7 days, improves substrate NH
4 +-N is to next concentration, each improvement value 25～50mg/L; The same method, substrate NH the most at last
4 +-N concentration is increased to 200～400mg/L; Water inlet pH value is by NaHCO
3Regulate, remain in 7.5～8.5 scopes;
(2) aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge that disintegrates by the method reparation of the active sludge of interpolation municipal wastewater treatment plant in reactor:
The aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge of aforementioned (one) preparation is in the time in about 1.5～2.5 years of reactor operation, and after disintegrating fully, the form of granule sludge develops into the granular debris of ghost shape structure; The granule sludge that keeps these disintegration, and the active sludge of adding municipal wastewater treatment plant is repaired the disintegration granule sludge in reactor; The active sludge quality that adds is 2/3～4/3 of a disintegration granule sludge quality; Be 4～8h cycling time; Wherein water inlet, water outlet time are no more than 10min; The settling time initial value is decremented to 1min subsequently gradually at 40～60min, and all the other are aeration time; The aeration rate of reactor is set in 1.8～2.4cm/s; Reactor operates in 15～30 ℃; Water inlet substrate COD concentration is at 500～1000mg/L; Obtain different substrate NH by adding sulfate of ammoniac or ammonium chloride
4 +-N concentration, initial substrate NH
4 +-N concentration is 50～100mg/L; NH in the monitoring water outlet
4 +-N concentration is worked as NH
4 +-N clearance reaches more than 98%, and can stablize 3～7 days, improves substrate NH
4 +-N is to next concentration, each improvement value 50～100mg/L; The same method, substrate NH the most at last
4 +-N concentration is increased to 200～400mg/L.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CA2828775A1 (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2011-09-09 | Liquid Waste Treatment Systems Limited | Reactor setup |
| CN101830560B (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-30 | 山东大学 | Preparation method of short-cut nitrification and denitrification granular sludge in high Do condition |
| CN102126786B (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2012-07-04 | 山东美泉环保科技有限公司 | Spiral-flow type aerobic particle sludge reactor |
| CN102674924B (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2014-03-26 | 上海沃土环境技术有限公司 | Airlift cylinder type reactor and urban sludge composting processing system using same |
| CN102153192B (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2012-07-04 | 山东大学 | Reinforced aerobic granular sludge culture method |
| CN102259975B (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2013-02-27 | 甘肃金桥给水排水设计与工程(集团)有限公司 | Bio-augmentation technique for treating high ammonia nitrogen waste water under low temperature condition |
| CN102328994B (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-01-02 | 山东省环境保护科学研究设计院 | Method for preparing granular sludge added with Mn2+ |
| CN104761050B (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-06-29 | 山东省环科院环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method of quick activity recovery mud nitrification function |
| CN104761049B (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-06-15 | 山东省环科院环境科技有限公司 | A kind of nitrated ability fast repairing method of biological treatment of waste water system |
| CN108640263A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-10-12 | 南宁绿智环保科技有限公司 | A kind of oxidation ditch and its working method with aerobic particle mud denitrification functions |
| CN109928500B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2021-10-08 | 上海交通大学 | Aerobic granular sludge reactor for denitrification and dephosphorization treatment of rural domestic sewage |
| CN113184985B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-07-12 | 西南交通大学 | Method for promoting stable operation of aerobic granular sludge |
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Assignee: Beijing Wanbangda Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Dalian University of Technology Contract record no.: 2012990000086 Denomination of invention: Preparation and remediation method of aerobic nitrifying granular activated sludge Granted publication date: 20100908 License type: Exclusive License Open date: 20090318 Record date: 20120307 |
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