CN101382283A

CN101382283A - Non-gun pulp feed thermal storage moving-bed boiler

Info

Publication number: CN101382283A
Application number: CNA2007100283636A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁兆志
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2007-06-01
Filing date: 2007-06-01
Publication date: 2009-03-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a gunjet-free slurry pouring furnace of a movable heat accumulating lathe, which utilizes heat accumulators to accumulate afterheat obtained from water vaporization that is realized by radiant heat transmission from fire (high-temperature fuel gas) in a firebox to tube banks at two sides of the firebox, the heat accumulating period finishes and a heat discharging period starts under the control of a program controller, outflow of smoke gas changes into inflow of air, and the heat accumulators with raised temperature release heat for preheating combustion air (inlet air) that runs through the heat accumulators, thus leading a refractory sphere fuel layer with an adhered slurry fuel layer (coke water slurry, emulsified coke slurry or coal water slurry) that is inside the firebox to burn at higher origin temperature; and all the processes are repeatedly, circularly and continuously implemented under the control of the programmable program controller; four air doors are opened and closed alternately, the inlet gas and the fuel gas alternately run through the left and right heat accumulators, which alternately accumulate and release heat, and the process is alternately, circularly and continuously implemented in the left and right heat accumulators. Other parts of the gunjet-free slurry pouring furnace implement the actions of sphere cooling, sphere feeding, slurry adhering, sphere raising and slurry feeding into the furnace.

Description

The heat-accumulation moving bed boiler of non-gun slurry-throwing

Keyword: the cellular heat-storage catalytic agent 4 desulfurization acid preparing phosphate fertilizer technology 5 fume afterheats distillation concentration tower 6 pulpous state fuel 7 that 1 heat-accumulation moving bed typed high temperature air burning device 2 soot blowers 3 contain vanadic anhydride do not have slurry gun slurry-throwing method.

This paper describes a kind of burner---the heat-accumulation moving bed typed high temperature air burning device that to use sulfur-bearing pulpous state fuel (the burnt slurry of water, emulsified coke slurry or the water-coal-slurry) sulfur dioxide that boiler produced and design in order to remove, and distinctive sulfur removal technology---desulfurization acid preparing phosphate fertilizer technology.

The comparison of present technique and background technology:

Compare with the device and the sulfur removal technology thereof of existing burning pulpous state fuel, present technique (SMB) has following advantage:

1. present technique can solve present slurry rifle and adds a series of problems such as the deslagging, ash disposal, desulfurization difficulty, the burn-off rate that occur in this spray burning pattern of stable burning room are low, and these problems finally cause boiler shutdown rate height, boiler efficiency low, have a strong impact on economic benefit.And small investment, reliable, running cost is low.

2. desulfurization by-product phosphate fertilizer not only is not burden, instead profit is arranged.

3. the boiler steel consumption is very low, has only 20% of all steel boiler, and overall cost greatly reduces.

4. can make the standard module unit, so that assembly unit goes out the boiler of various scales.

A series of problems such as the deslagging that SMB occurs in can solving the burnt slurry burning of present water, ash disposal, desulfurization difficulty, in addition also more winning than recirculating fluidized bed (CFB) technology.SMB and CFB relatively have following advantage:

The shortcoming that CFB exists	SMB can avoid the shortcoming of CFB
The shortcoming that CFB exists	SMB can avoid the shortcoming of CFB	1. desulfurization degree is low, expense height, SO ₂Major part be discharged into atmosphere (because the utilization of capacity low) 2. the high pressure heat-transfer surface easily had an accident by swiftly flowing fuel particle wear down, have potential safety hazard.3. construction costs height, depreciation cost height, cost height.	1.SO ₂Be converted to chemical fertilizer.Turn waste into wealth, discharge capacity is lower than national standard.2. almost not wearing and tearing of high pressure heat-transfer surface, safe and reliable, depreciation cost is low, the operational factor height, cost is low.3. construction costs is low, and depreciation cost is low, and cost is low.

One, purpose and effect

The purpose that I am this SMB is to solve a series of problems such as use in the pulpous state fuel deslagging, ash disposal, the desulfurization difficulty that adopt the spray gun atomizing to be occurred at present, burn-off rate is low, boiler efficiency is low.This SMB also can also solve three the listed problems of table that go up that occur usually among the CFB, is expected to substitute CFB.Also have numerous various industry coal-boilers.

How the problem that we analyze the boiler that above-mentioned three classes differ widely is solved.

We at first look to use problem in the boiler of pulpous state fuel in SMB how well:

Coking, slagging scorification problem: in SMB, ignition temperature in the moving bed fire chamber is controlled at below the ash fusion point of fuel, and the flame-proof sphere that speckles with one deck pulpous state fuel burns back remaining one deck ash shell, and the fusing point of flame-proof sphere is very high, be difficult for being stained with the jail, in the stock tank course of conveying, be worn away through feeding screw by lime-ash.

The ash disposal problem: the ash of indication is to use bonding in the boiler of pulpous state fuel or be deposited on flying dust on the convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection section pipe here, this SMB boiler is not because there is convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection section pipe, the flame-proof sphere fuel bed that this bed is arranged again is to move lentamente, flying dust is less relatively, this flying dust can stop up cellular heat storage, and rationally soot blower and the heat storage erection skill that is provided with then can be dealt with problems.Boiler efficiency is guaranteed.

The difficult problem of desulfurization: well-known, the desulfurization expense height of emulsified coke slurry boiler and various industry coal-boilers is the low main cause of boiler desulfurization rate of China always at present, the exploitation of this SMB is exactly to come for this reason, because the product of this SMB desulfurization is valuable sulfuric acid, and without desulfurizing agent, the negative benefit that reverses desulfurization is a positive benefit, and changing the present long-pending desulfurization that disappears is positive desulfurization.See also my patent application: 200710027375.7.

Boiler efficiency: 1, this SMB boiler can be given the time of staying of pulpous state fuel more than one hour, and carbon residue is considerably less; 2, need not preposition stable burning room, do not have this radiation loss: 3 also without Ji Zhashuikeng, does not also have this heat absorption loss; 4, also because the accumulation of heat physical efficiency is efficiently absorbed heat, can allow exhaust gas temperature fall very lowly.Above-mentioned 4 make boiler efficiency be filled a part raising.Referring to following table.

Cost reduction, reliable: this SMB boiler does not have preposition stable burning room, need not resistant to elevated temperatures refractory material, the probability that breaks down without a series of equipment such as the stock pump before air compressor machine and the rifle, the integrated case of fuel, daily slurry cylinder, filter, reduction yet.

Following table is some contrasts that we move SMB boiler and spray gun atomizing boiler:

The contrast project	The SMB boiler	Spray gun atomizing boiler	Remarks
The contrast project	The SMB boiler	Spray gun atomizing boiler	Remarks	Operation cycle	8000 hours	1440 hours
Same boiler puts into operation just and the contrast of the boiler efficiency after a year	90.2→89.1％	88.6→80.3％		Operation cycle	8000 hours	1440 hours
	90.2→89.1％	88.6→80.3％		Desulfurization expense (petroleum coke of sulfur-bearing 5%)	250 yuan/ton	-40 yuan/ton	Profitable 40 yuan of desulfuration byproduct representing petroleum coke per ton
Pot after two kinds of boilers put into operation 1 year is imitated contrast	89.1％	80.3％			250 yuan/ton	-40 yuan/ton
	89.1％	80.3％		10T/H stove cost (ten thousand yuan)	100	40

We look at the abrasion problem of CFB is how to have avoided again in SMB:

In the existing problems of the listed CFB of last table, wherein Zui Da drawback is swiftly flowing fuel particle to the abrasion of pressure piping and has potential safety hazard, present technique is at this shortcoming, creationary developing " heat-accumulation moving bed (SMB) HTAC; " in the grate (combustion chamber) that moves, spherical flame-proof sphere speckles with one deck pulpous state fuel (the burnt slurry of water, emulsified coke slurry or water-coal-slurry) moving at a slow speed from the top down in moving bed, and the abrasion problem of the swiftly flowing fuel particle in CFB there to pressure piping do not take place.

The more alternative present various industry coal-boilers of SMB, and will obtain good benefits in environment and economic benefit, we are understood that from the confessed fact of more following insiders:

Traditional Industrial Boiler is because flue gas flow channel has the dim convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection section of a big section, coal smoke or fly charcoal and will extinguish to this, becoming black smoke discharges, contain a large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (POM) in the black smoke, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (POM) is the emission that a class has carcinogenic public hazards, adopts present technique then can significantly reduce the SO that this class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (POM) has the emission of carcinogenic public hazards and produces acid rain ₂This be because be provided with among this SMB one section sufficiently long, temperature is from 1300 ℃ to 900 ℃ stable burning room, and oxygen concentration is more than 10%, guarantees that flame is unlikely to extinguish prematurely, can the after-flame black smoke; As for removing SO ₂For further details, please refer to my patent application: 200710027375.7

Two, technical scheme

1, structure drawing of device:

See Figure of description.

2, operation principle:

The application is with my patent application: 200610123561.6 is that (see also my patent application: 200610123561.6), that is an original invention, lays particular emphasis on novelty, and the application has then strided forward major step on practicality in original invention.

One, combustion chamber part:

What present technique used is the burnt slurry of water, emulsified coke slurry or water-coal-slurry.

See Figure of description, this figure is the application's a three-view diagram, is a kind of body of work principle schematic of steam boiler.

1, air-fire-flue gas direction that flows away:

The application utilizes heat storage that the waste heat that the pipe of both sides, the fire of combustion chamber (high-temperature fuel gas) warp-wise combustion chamber row radiant heat transfer supplies water after vaporizing is put aside, under program controller control, the accumulation of heat period finishes heat release and begins, flue gas flows out changing air and flows into, after heating up, this heat storage follows the combustion air (air inlet) of release heat pre-heated flow through heat storage, make and speckle with one deck pulpous state fuel (burnt slurry of water in the combustion chamber, emulsified coke slurry or water-coal-slurry) the flame-proof sphere fuel bed under higher origin temp, burn, everything all goes round and begins again under programmable controller controls, carrying out with moving in endless cycles, four air doors alternately open and close, air inlet and combustion gas alternating current are through left and right sides heat storage, left and right sides heat storage is alternately put aside and is being discharged heat, such process hockets at left and right sides heat storage, moves in endless cycles.

2, the ball fuel combustion process of catching fire:

Ball fuel is gone up with reciprocating push rod or other method by the top, combustion chamber and is added, from up to down move through the combustion chamber lentamente, through the high temperature combustion air of left and right sides heat storage preheating from a left side or the right laterally blow over fuel bed (seeing the combustion chamber drawing in side sectional elevation), fuel bed is burnt under higher origin temp, can produce sufficiently high ignition temperature, the skim pulpous state fuel that flame-proof sphere is stained with can fully be cut end burning.

3, the cooling of flame-proof sphere carrier mill ash:

Note, see Figure of description, the flame-proof sphere here is a kind of carrier, a kind of carrier that between combustion chamber and stock tank, delivers pulpous state fuel with moving in endless cycles, the heat that the flame-proof sphere that gets off from the combustion chamber has will reclaim, the grey shell in the fuel afterburnt on surface will be removed, so upwards blast the flame-proof sphere that air moves down in order to cooling from distributing roller, the grey shell on the flame-proof sphere then is being worn away in the stock tank course of conveying through feeding screw.

4, how flame-proof sphere delivers pulpous state fuel:

Flame-proof sphere comes out to drop in the stock tank from feeding screw, be stained with the flame-proof sphere of pulpous state fuel and mentioned the reciprocating push rod porch that push up the combustion chamber by bucket elevator, finish a circulation, the flame-proof sphere that pulpous state fuel is gone round and begun again is like this constantly put in the combustion chamber, so, the application's throwing paste-making method is called: do not have slurry gun slurry-throwing method, this with at present everywhere on the slurry rifle atomization principle of using, far from each other in theory, it serves to show its novelty.

Because of looking, the flame-proof sphere that speckles with one deck pulpous state fuel resembles very much marble chocolate, so the application is called: " the heat-accumulation moving bed HTAC and the distinctive sulfur removal technology thereof that use " marble chocolate " sample pulpous state fuel that do not have the slurry gun slurry-throwing ".

5, the function of honeycomb heat accumulation body and how to prevent to stop up:

Honeycomb heat accumulation body is that a cellular multi-microporous ceramic that has many small through hole (please be joined my patent application: 200720049724.0), be blocked for exempting from its small through hole, must be provided with soot blower, periodically purge each heat storage unit.

Also be impregnated with vanadium pentoxide catalyst on the honeycomb heat accumulation body, this is catalyzed conversion SO when flowing through heat storage accumulation of heat cooling for flue gas ₂Be SO ₃And (the seeing the desulfurization part for details) of design.

Two, desulfurization part (sketch here, for further details, please refer to my patent application: 200710027375.7):

Also be impregnated with vanadium pentoxide catalyst on the honeycomb heat accumulation body and (for further details, please refer to my patent application: 200720049724.0), when flue gas whenever flows through honeycomb heat accumulation body heat release cooling, formed one from about 900 ℃ of temperature sections that descend gradually at this, we can know by sulfur process, and 600 ℃～400 ℃ is SO under the vanadium pentoxide catalyst effect ₂Be converted into SO ₃The optimal temperature section.Because of being furnished with the higher component of active temperature in this catalyst, to strengthen service life, so begun to have SO from 900 ℃ ₂Be converted into SO ₃, the activity of such catalysts temperature range is 900 ℃～400 ℃.

Utilize the temperature section of interior 900 ℃～400 ℃ of heat storage, transform SO at this section loading catalyst ₂Be SO ₃, again in the tail gas clean-up flow process, absorb to concentrate through fume afterheat distillation concentration tower and make 50% dilute sulfuric acid, be further used for producing phosphate fertilizer.The effect of doing like this is need to consume alkaloids and sulfur method that product will look for local heap to fill out than original, can reduce the desulfurization expense greatly, even profit is arranged.Changing present passive desulfurization is positive desulfurization.This is the incident that is with historically new significance.

Three, description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a fundamental diagram of the present invention, and wherein, 1 is heat storage, and 2 is flame-proof sphere, and 3 is the membrane wall of pot body, and 4 is the combustion chamber, and 5 is push rod, and 6 is stock tank, and 7 is distributing roller, and 8 is feeding screw, and 9 is bucket elevator.

Claims

1 the application's non-gun slurry-throwing method all needs to be essentially different with the spray gun atomizing with the technology that uses pulpous state fuel at present.

The flame-proof sphere of 2 present technique plays a part to carry the pulpous state fuel of making thinner, and makes burning thorough, stable, and it is a kind of carrier, need constantly circulate in system, is stained with slurry, preheating, burning, cooling, mill ash one-period like this to finish.

3 present technique honeycomb heat accumulation bodies are that a kind of cellular multi-microporous ceramic that has many small through hole (sees also my patent application: 200720049724.0), be blocked for exempting from its small through hole, must be provided with soot blower, periodically purge each heat storage unit.Also be impregnated with vanadium pentoxide catalyst on the honeycomb heat accumulation body, this is catalyzed conversion SO when flowing through heat storage accumulation of heat cooling for flue gas ₂Be SO ₃And design.

4 utilize the temperature section of interior 900 ℃～400 ℃ of heat storage, transform SO at this section loading catalyst ₂Be SO ₃, again in the tail gas clean-up flow process, absorb to concentrate through fume afterheat distillation concentration tower and make 50% dilute sulfuric acid, be further used for producing phosphate fertilizer.The effect of doing like this is need to consume alkaloids and sulfur method that product will look for local heap to fill out than original, can reduce the desulfurization expense greatly, even profit is arranged.Changing present passive desulfurization is positive desulfurization, and this will be the incident that is with historically new significance.